Yuki Yamagata yuki.yamagata at riken.jp Elucidating the mechanism of toxicity is crucial in drug safety evaluations. TOXic Process Ontology (TXPO) systematizes a wide variety of terms involving toxicity courses and processes. The first version of TXPO focuses on liver toxicity. The TXPO contains an is-a hierarchy that is organized into three layers: the top layer contains general terms, mostly derived from the Basic Formal Ontology. The intermediate layer contains biomedical terms in OBO foundry from UBERON, Cell Ontology, NCBI Taxon, ChEBI, Gene Ontology, PATO, OGG, INOH, HINO, NCIT, DOID and Relational ontology (RO). The lower layer contains toxicological terms. In applied work, we have developed a prototype of TOXPILOT, a TOXic Process InterpretabLe knOwledge sysTem. TOXPILOT provides visualization maps of the toxic course, which facilitates capturing the comprehensive picture for understanding toxicity mechanisms. A prototype of TOXPILOT is available: https://toxpilot.nibiohn.go.jp http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ TOXic Process Ontology (TXPO) An extension version ontology, which focuses on the homeostasis imbalance process affected by drugs, viruses, and other factors, is available: Homeostasis imbalance process (HoIP) ontology https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/HOIP 2022/12/07 editor preferred term example of usage has curation status definition editor note term editor alternative term definition source curator note imported from For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> imported from elucidation has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(fol) has axiom label the symbol assigned by the nomenclature authority symbol from nomenclature authority full name from nomenclature authority A GeneID in the NCBI Gene database NCBI GeneID the NCBI LocusTag name of a gene NCBI LocusTag gene map location The NCBITaxon ontology ID of an organism. organism NCBITaxon ID chromosome ID of gene nomenclature status has GO association has PubMed association X is the opposite of y if there exists some distance metric M, and there exists no z such as M(x,z) <= M(x,y) or M(y,z) <= M(y,x). is opposite_of external definition Notes on the homology status of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO homology notes Notes on the how instances of this class vary across species. taxon notes Notes on the evolved function of instances of this class. function_notes Notes on the structure, composition or histology of instances of this class. structure_notes Notes on the ontogenic development of instances of this class. development_notes fma_set_term formula smiles Recommended best practice is to use RFC 3066 [RFC3066], which, in conjunction with ISO 639 [ISO639], defines two- and three-letter primary language tags with optional subtags. Examples include "en" or "eng" for English, "akk" for Akkadian, and "en-GB" for English used in the United Kingdom. A language of the intellectual content of the resource. Language auto-generated-by date has_alternative_id database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_related_synonym is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of part_of part of my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. has part occurs in b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t occurs_in unfolds in unfolds_in Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant occurs in a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t contains process a relation between a gene and the organism where this gene belongs to the organism in nature. It does not include a foreign gene that is transferred to an organism by a genetic engineering method. is gene of organism inheres in this fragility inheres in this vase this red color inheres in this apple a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists. inheres_in inheres in a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence bearer_of is bearer of bearer of participates in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Example: Protein refolding process hasParticipant "GRP78/Bip" that has a chaperon role . http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme A relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence function_of is_function_of function of this red color is a quality of this apple a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. is quality of quality_of quality of this investigator role is a role of this person a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. is role of role_of role of a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. has function a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence hasQuality is a relation between an entity and the quality that it bears. has_quality has quality a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has_role A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has role A part of relation that applies only between occurents. is occurent part of occurent part of relation between an artery and the structure is supplies with blood supplies W 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. has component process(P1) regulates process(P2) iff: P1 results in the initiation or termination of P2 OR affects the frequency of its initiation or termination OR affects the magnitude or rate of output of P2. regulates Process(P1) negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 terminates P2, or P1 descreases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. negatively regulates Process(P1) postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 initiates P2, or P1 increases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. positively regulates P has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the beginning of p. has input P has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p has output inverse of regulates: process(P1) regulates process(P2) iff: P1 results in the initiation or termination of P2 OR affects the frequency of its initiation or termination OR affects the magnitude or rate of output of P2. regulated by inverse of negatively regulates: Process(P1) negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 terminates P2, or P1 descreases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. negatively regulated by inverse of positively regulates: Process(P1) postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 initiates P2, or P1 increases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. positively regulated by This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from some initial location l to some destination. has target start location RO:0002339 This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from a an initial location to some destination. has target end location An organism that is a member of a population of organisms is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. is member of member part of SIO member of has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. has member 'input of' is a relation between a participant and a process, where the participant is present at the start of the process. is input of input of 'output of' is a relation between a participant and a process, where the participant is present at the end of the process. is output of output_of output of p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q. causally upstream of or within inverse of causally upstream of or within: p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q. causally downstream of or within x composed_primarily_of_y if:more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y composed_primarily_of p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/causal-relations causal relation between processes Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. capable of positively regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. capable of negatively regulating a relation between a toxic course (the bearer) and a process. Core process is a crucial process to the manifestation of toxicity and depends on the bearer for its existence. has core process has core process 'Metafunctioning type of' is a relation between the type of metafunctioning and functioning process. Metafunctioning is a functional process to other process, for example, preventing, controlling and so on. is metafuntioning type of is_metafuntioning_type_of metafuntioning type of 'has molecular reaction' is a relation that holds between a whole occurrent (process) and its molecular process. has molecular reaction 'finding of' is a relation between a finding and an entity, where the finding is a representational artifact that a result of a laboratory test or an observation. is finding of finding of 'component of' is a relation between molecular components and a molecular complex. component of located_in inverse of 'has cause': p 'has cause' q if p exerts some causal influence on q directly, where p is a cause and q is its effect. results in has result p 'has cause' q if p exerts some causal influence on q directly, where p is a cause and q is its effect. has cause 'Relation between a role and a process' is a relationship that holds between a role of material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity plays a role and some influence over the process. relation between a role and a process 'manifested phenotype of' is a relation between a phenotype and an entity, where there is a bearer of the realizable entity that participates in the process, and the phenotype comes to be realized in the course of the process. manifested phenotype of This shattering realizes the fragility in the course of breaking the cup (process). 'mainfests phenotype' is a relation between an entity and quality, where there is a bearer of the realizable entity that participates in the process, and the phenotype comes to be realized in the course of the process. manifests phenotype Inherit means to receive a property (or an attribute and its value) from another entity (other than the ancestor) . inherit 'has family member' is a relation between (molecule ) family and a molecule. A protein family is a group of evolutionarily-related proteins. In many cases a protein family has a corresponding gene family. has family member A protein family is a group of evolutionarily-related proteins. In many cases a protein family has a corresponding gene family. Wikipedia:Protein family 'dysfunctioning of' is a relation between an impaired or abnormal functioning and a normal functioning process. is dysfuctioning of dysfunctioning of 'molecular reaction of' is a relation that holds between a molecular process and its whole process. is molecular reaction of molecular_reaction_of molecular reaction of 'relates assay' is a relation between an entity and the assay in which the entity was related (e.g., can be expressed, observed, and so on). relateds assay 'has context' is a relation between an entity and its context dependent on. Role is intrinsically context-dependent. has context 'has related human gene' is a relation between a molecule and the related gene. has related human gene The cross-sectional area of the coronary artery has attribute value 'small.' 'has attribute value' is a relation between an attribute and its value. has attribute value 'dysfunctioning of' is a relation between an increasing function process and a normal one. hyperfunction of 'malfunctioning of' is a relation between an abnormal functioning and a normal functioning process. malfunctioning of has related rat gene 'has state' is a relation between an entity and the state. has state 'has attribute' is a relation between an entity and its attribute, in which the attribute specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. has attribute 'has agent' is a relation between a participant and a process, in which the participant is active in the relevant process. Example: A protease is an agent in proteolysis process. has agent Metafunctioning type is a relation between functional process and the type of metafunction. Metafunctioning is a functional process to other process, for example, preventing, controlling and so on. metafunctioning type 'property of' is a relation between a property and the entity, , in which the property specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000224 is property of property of 'is attribute of' is a relation that associates an attribute with an entity. is attribute of is_attribute_of attribute of 'has finding' is a relation between an entity and its finding, where the finding is a representational artifact that a result of a laboratory test or an observation. has finding Proteolysis is a context of the protease role of the molecule. 'context of' is a relation between a context and an entity. Role is intrinsically context-dependent. context of 'related assay of' is a relationship between an assay and the entity, in which the entity can be related (e.g., can be expressed, observed, and so on) in the assay like in vivo, in vitro or clinical test. related assay of 'agent of' is a relation between a participant and a process, in which the participant is active in the relevant process. is agent of agent of 'famly of' is a relationship between a molecule and its family. A protein family is a group of evolutionarily-related proteins. In many cases a protein family has a corresponding gene family. family_of family of A protein family is a group of evolutionarily-related proteins. In many cases a protein family has a corresponding gene family. Wikipedia:Protein family "has ocurrent part" is a relation that holds between a whole occurrent (process) and its part. has occurrent part "has pathway" is a relation that holds between a whole occurrent (process) for signaling and its pathway. has pathway 'pathway of' is a relation that holds between a pathway and its whole (signaling) process. is pathway of is_pathway_of pathway_of pathway of 'Is substance in organism' is a relation between substance and organism where the substance is existed in. is entity in organism 'has dysfunctioning' is a relation between a normal functioning process and an impaired or abnormal functioning. has_dysfunctioning has dysfunctioning 'Attribute value of' is a relation between a value and its attribute is attribute value of attribute value of observed in A relation between a process/process sequence and a disease. realizes disease 'channel for' is a relation between a channel that is a passage and an entity such a solvent (e.g., ion) to pass. channel for Julius Caesar Verdi’s Requiem the Second World War your body mass index BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) entity Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf per discussion with Barry Smith An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] continuant Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] occurrent occurrent Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. per discussion with Barry Smith Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] a chair a heart a leg a molecule a spatial region an atom an orchestra. an organism the bottom right portion of a human torso the interior of your mouth b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] independent continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes. Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional. A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001]) All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001]) (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] spatial region Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional. per discussion with Barry Smith A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001]) All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001]) (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001]) All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001]) Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002]) (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] temporal region Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional per discussion with Barry Smith A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001]) All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001]) Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002]) (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] an infinitely thin plane in space. the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001]) (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] two-dimensional spatial region A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001]) (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis. the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001]) All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001]) Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001]) Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001]) Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself. Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002]) (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] spatiotemporal region A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001]) All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001]) Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001]) Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001]) Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002]) (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart a process of meiosis a process of sleeping the course of a disease the life of an organism your process of aging. p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) Superclass of unit process(primitive process) and senquence processes. It is dissective and has no unity, and hence it can change. It follows A-series of time. (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] process p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) Superclass of unit process(primitive process) and senquence processes. It is dissective and has no unity, and hence it can change. It follows A-series of time. YAMATO ontology (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways. the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type. b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] disposition b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity. the disposition of your blood to coagulate the function of your reproductive organs the role of being a doctor the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] realizable entity To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] zero-dimensional spatial region A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] the ambient temperature of this portion of air the color of a tomato the length of the circumference of your waist the mass of this piece of gold. the shape of your nose the shape of your nostril a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] YAMATO:property quality a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates. the disposition of this fish to decay the function of this heart: to pump blood the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79 the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center the role of being a doctor the shape of this hole. the smell of this portion of mozzarella b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] specifically dependent continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. per discussion with Barry Smith (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. the priest role the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories the role of a building in serving as a military target the role of a stone in marking a property boundary the role of subject in a clinical trial the student role BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives. b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] role b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29 the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body. the Western hemisphere of the Earth the division of the brain into regions the division of the planet into hemispheres the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body the upper and lower lobes of the left lung BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004]) (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] fiat object part b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004]) (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space. A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] one-dimensional spatial region A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] a collection of cells in a blood biobank. a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds a symphony orchestra an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team) defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint the aggregate of blood cells in your body the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere the restaurants in Palo Alto your collection of Meissen ceramic plates. An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee). ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158. b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004]) (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] object aggregate An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158. b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004]) (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] a cube-shaped region of space a sphere-shaped region of space, A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001]) (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] three-dimensional spatial region A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001]) (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] Manhattan Canyon) a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese a rabbit hole an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport the Grand Canyon the Piazza San Marco the cockpit of an aircraft the hold of a ship the interior of a kangaroo pouch the interior of the trunk of your car the interior of your bedroom the interior of your office the interior of your refrigerator the lumen of your gut your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity) b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002]) (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] site b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002]) (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] atom cell cells and organisms engineered artifacts grain of sand molecule organelle organism planet solid portions of matter star BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting. BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below). BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47 BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74 b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001]) object b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001]) The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] generically dependent continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] the function of a hammer to drive in nails the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc. A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] function A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life. p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001]) Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002]) (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] process boundary (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001]) Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002]) the temporal region during which a process occurs. BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks). A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] one-dimensional temporal region A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] a flame a forest fire a human being a hurricane a photon a puff of smoke a sea wave a tornado an aggregate of human beings. an energy wave an epidemic the undetached arm of a human being BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] material entity A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions. BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29 Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions. Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] continuant fiat boundary b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions. (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10 immaterial entity The Equator all geopolitical boundaries all lines of latitude and longitude the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin. the median sulcus of your tongue a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001]) (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001]) (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance. The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on. b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005]) (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] process profile b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005]) (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another. b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] relational quality b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001]) (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001]) (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] the geographic North Pole the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system. the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona. a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001]) (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona. requested by Melanie Courtot a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001]) (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary right now the moment at which a child is born the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident the moment of death. temporal instant. A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] zero-dimensional temporal region A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4. Beilstein:7694998 CAS:137234-62-9 DrugBank:DB00582 Drug_Central:2846 LINCS:LSM-5244 PMID:12940129 PMID:22718362 PMID:23392902 PMID:23527908 PMID:23766489 PMID:24102553 (2R,3S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol voriconazole (R-(R*,S*))-alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol (alphaR,betaS)-alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol VCZ Vfend voriconazol voriconazole voriconazolum CHEBI:10023 voriconazole Beilstein:7694998 Beilstein CAS:137234-62-9 ChemIDplus CAS:137234-62-9 DrugBank Drug_Central:2846 DrugCentral PMID:12940129 Europe PMC PMID:22718362 Europe PMC PMID:23392902 Europe PMC PMID:23527908 Europe PMC PMID:23766489 Europe PMC PMID:24102553 Europe PMC A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively. Beilstein:3568352 CAS:85721-33-1 DrugBank:DB00537 Drug_Central:659 LINCS:LSM-5226 PMID:10397494 PMID:10737746 Reaxys:3568352 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Ciprofloxacin ciprofloxacin 1-CYCLOPROPYL-6-FLUORO-4-OXO-7-PIPERAZIN-1-YL-1,4-DIHYDROQUINOLINE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-piperazin-1-yl-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-piperazin-1-ylquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-hexahydro-1-pyrazinyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid ciprofloxacin ciprofloxacine ciprofloxacino ciprofloxacinum CHEBI:100241 ciprofloxacin Beilstein:3568352 Beilstein CAS:85721-33-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:659 DrugCentral PMID:10397494 ChEMBL PMID:10737746 ChEMBL Reaxys:3568352 Reaxys Beilstein:3641829 CAS:107753-78-6 DrugBank:DB00549 Drug_Central:2855 LINCS:LSM-5792 PMID:11888331 PMID:19331987 PMID:22159431 PMID:22614107 PMID:24258705 PMID:25798389 PMID:25834030 Reaxys:3641829 cyclopentyl 3-[2-methoxy-4-(2-methylphenylsulfonylcarbamoyl)benzyl]-1-methyl-1H-indol-5-ylcarbamate 4-(5-cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-3-methoxy-N-o-tolylsulfonylbenzamide Accolate cyclopentyl 3-(2-methoxy-4-((o-tolylsulfonyl)carbamoyl)benzyl)-1-methylindole-5-carbamate zafirlukast CHEBI:10100 zafirlukast Beilstein:3641829 Beilstein CAS:107753-78-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2855 DrugCentral PMID:11888331 Europe PMC PMID:19331987 Europe PMC PMID:22159431 Europe PMC PMID:22614107 Europe PMC PMID:24258705 Europe PMC PMID:25798389 Europe PMC PMID:25834030 Europe PMC Reaxys:3641829 Reaxys A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase. C10H13N5O4 Cc1cn([C@H]2C[C@H](N=[N+]=[N-])[C@@H](CO)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O Beilstein:763034 CAS:30516-87-1 DrugBank:DB00495 Drug_Central:2861 LINCS:LSM-5806 PMID:19112024 PMID:26859826 PMID:29438107 PMID:9203666 Wikipedia:Zidovudine 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine AZT AZT Azidothymidine Retrovir Zidovudin Zidovudinum zidovudine CHEBI:10110 zidovudine Beilstein:763034 Beilstein CAS:30516-87-1 ChemIDplus CAS:30516-87-1 DrugBank Drug_Central:2861 DrugCentral PMID:19112024 ChEMBL PMID:26859826 Europe PMC PMID:29438107 Europe PMC PMID:9203666 Europe PMC A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a 1-[carbamoyl(hydroxy)amino]ethyl group. A selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, it inhibits the formation of leukotrienes LTB4, LTC4, LDT4, and LTE4. It is used for the management of chronic asthma. CAS:111406-87-2 DrugBank:DB00744 Drug_Central:2862 LINCS:LSM-5084 PMID:19309543 PMID:19645854 PMID:20204486 PMID:20436887 1-[1-(1-benzothien-2-yl)ethyl]-1-hydroxyurea Zileuton (+-)-1-(1-Benzo[b]thien-2-ylethyl)-1-hydroxyurea Leutrol N-(1-Benzo(b)thien-2-ylethyl)-N-hydroxyurea N-[1-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)ethyl]-N-hydroxyurea Zyflo zileuton zileutonum CHEBI:10112 zileuton CAS:111406-87-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2862 DrugCentral PMID:19309543 Europe PMC PMID:19645854 Europe PMC PMID:20204486 Europe PMC PMID:20436887 Europe PMC A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension. Beilstein:3573079 CAS:42399-41-7 DrugBank:DB00343 Drug_Central:897 LINCS:LSM-2523 PMID:11937779 PMID:16651034 PMID:19167257 PMID:23687551 PMID:24261918 PMID:25122162 PMID:8369596 Reaxys:3573079 (2S,3S)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate (+)-cis-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one acetate ester (2S,3S)-5-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl acetate (2S-cis)-3-(acetyloxy)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one Acetic acid (2S,3S)-5-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl ester D-cis-diltiazem d-cis-diltiazem diltiazem diltiazemum CHEBI:101278 diltiazem Beilstein:3573079 Beilstein CAS:42399-41-7 ChemIDplus CAS:42399-41-7 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:897 DrugCentral PMID:11937779 Europe PMC PMID:16651034 Europe PMC PMID:19167257 Europe PMC PMID:23687551 Europe PMC PMID:24261918 Europe PMC PMID:25122162 Europe PMC PMID:8369596 Europe PMC Reaxys:3573079 Reaxys A quinazoline compound having a (3-ethynylphenyl)amino group at the 4-position and two 2-methoxyethoxy groups at the 6- and 7-positions. CAS:183321-74-6 DrugBank:DB00530 Drug_Central:1045 LINCS:LSM-1097 PMID:12270171 PMID:14684309 PMID:15711537 PMID:16014882 PMID:16014883 PMID:16480284 PMID:17889528 PMID:17983745 PMID:29448920 PMID:29579331 PMID:29687154 PMID:30039303 PMID:30071517 PMID:30150014 PMID:30158288 Reaxys:8798958 N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)quinazolin-4-amine [6,7-bis(2-methoxy-ethoxy)quinazoline-4-yl]-(3-ethynylphenyl)amine [6,7-bis-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinazolin-4-yl]-(3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amine erlotinib erlotinibum CHEBI:114785 erlotinib CAS:183321-74-6 ChemIDplus CAS:183321-74-6 DrugBank Drug_Central:1045 DrugCentral PMID:12270171 ChEMBL PMID:14684309 ChEMBL PMID:15711537 ChEMBL PMID:16014882 Europe PMC PMID:16014883 Europe PMC PMID:16480284 ChEMBL PMID:17889528 ChEMBL PMID:17983745 ChEMBL PMID:29448920 Europe PMC PMID:29579331 Europe PMC PMID:29687154 Europe PMC PMID:30039303 Europe PMC PMID:30071517 Europe PMC PMID:30150014 Europe PMC PMID:30158288 Europe PMC Reaxys:8798958 Reaxys An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively. Beilstein:484561 CAS:24526-64-5 DrugBank:DB04821 Drug_Central:1958 LINCS:LSM-4388 PMID:1502708 PMID:24766210 PMID:7189402 Reaxys:484561 2-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-8-amine Nomifensine (+-)-Nomifensin (+-)-Nomifensine 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-8-ylamine 8-Amino-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline D,L-nomifensine Nomifenison Nomifensin Nomiphensine R/S-nomifensine nomifensina nomifensine nomifensinum CHEBI:116225 nomifensine Beilstein:484561 Beilstein CAS:24526-64-5 ChemIDplus CAS:24526-64-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1958 DrugCentral PMID:1502708 Europe PMC PMID:24766210 Europe PMC PMID:7189402 Europe PMC Reaxys:484561 Reaxys 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection. Beilstein:7387333 CAS:154598-52-4 DrugBank:DB00625 Drug_Central:989 LINCS:LSM-5526 PMID:10576692 PMID:10673109 PMID:25017682 Reaxys:7387333 (4S)-6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one Efavirenz (-)-6-CHLORO-4-CYCLOPROPYLETHYNYL-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-1,4-DIHYDRO-2H-3,1-BENZOXAZIN-2-ONE (S)-6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one (S)-6-chloro-4-cyclopropylethynyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-2-one 6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropyl-1-ethynyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-(4S)-1,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-2-one CHEBI:119486 efavirenz Beilstein:7387333 Beilstein CAS:154598-52-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:989 DrugCentral PMID:10576692 ChEMBL PMID:10673109 ChEMBL PMID:25017682 Europe PMC Reaxys:7387333 Reaxys A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents. Beilstein:4318684 CAS:83015-26-3 DrugBank:DB00289 Drug_Central:256 LINCS:LSM-2452 PMID:15338851 PMID:23048018 Reaxys:4318684 (3R)-N-methyl-3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-amine (-)-Tomoxetine Tomoxetina Tomoxetinum atomoxetine tomoxetine CHEBI:127342 atomoxetine Beilstein:4318684 Beilstein CAS:83015-26-3 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:256 DrugCentral PMID:15338851 Europe PMC PMID:23048018 Europe PMC Reaxys:4318684 Reaxys A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class. MeSH:C032881 PMID:20118541 Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid mediator that is known to exhibit chemotactic activity toward a variety of cancer cells. However, its effect on the immune system has not been studied extensively. Another lipid mediator, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has been shown to influence lymphocyte recirculation by regulating lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs. In this study, we found that LPA inhibits spontaneous migration of mouse splenic lymphocytes through a chemorepulsive effect. We also demonstrated that LPA inhibits chemokine CCL21-induced lymphocyte migration. This inhibitory effect on CCL21-induced migration was observed for both T and B cells. The involvement of a receptor, LPA(1), LPA(2) or LPA(3), in the inhibition of the CCL21-induced migration was confirmed with a synthetic agonist, oleyl thiophosphate. Considering that the signaling by CCL21 through cognate receptor CCR7 contributes to lymphocyte homing and dendritic cell trafficking to lymph nodes, LPA may play a role as a key regulator of these processes. The inhibitory effect of LPA is in remarkable contrast to the effect of S1P receptor signaling, which is known to potentiate lymphocyte chemotaxis involving CCR7. PMID:7768880 Lysophosphatidic acid, a multifunctional phospholipid messenger. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA1(1); 1-acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate),is the simplest of all glycerophospholipids. While LPA has long been known as a precursor of phospholipid biosynthesis in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, only recently has LPA emerged as an intercellular signaling molecule that is rapidly produced and released by activated cells, notably platelets, to influence target cells by acting on a specific cell-surface receptor. The list of biological responses to LPA is quite diverse, ranging from induction of cell proliferation to stimulation of neurite retraction. The mitogenic activities of LPA have been best studied in fibroblasts. As with peptide growth factors, induction of DNA synthesis by LPA requires its long term presence in the medium LPA, but not peptide growth factors, can mimic serum in inducing invasion of carcinoma and hepatoma cells into monolayers of mesothelial cells. The underlying mechanism is not clear but may well involve both increased cell adhesion and enhanced cell motility. Many mitogens activate the p85/p110 phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase in their target cells and so does LPA. LPA-induced PI 3-kinase activity has been found in 3T3 cells (Ref. 44; but see ref. 45 for conflicting data) and in megakaryoblastic cells. Whatever its precise link to the LPA receptor and physiological function, PI 3-kinase does not seem to be essential for mitogenic signaling, since microinjection of a neutralizing antibody does not affect LPA-induced DNA synthesis. LPA lysophosphatidic acid A class of lipoproteins with a density between that of low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins. They are formed by the degradatiion of very-low-density lipoproteins. IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein An agonist that binds to and activates farnesoid X receptors Wikipedia:Farnesoid_X_receptor BAR agonist FXR agonist bile acid receptor agonist farnesoid X receptor agonist A drug that makes increases the sensitivity of tumour cells to radiation therapy. PMID:12520460 radiosensitiser radiosensitisers radiosensitising agent radiosensitising agents radiosensitizer radiosensitizers radiosensitizing agents CHEBI:132992 radiosensitizing agent PMID:12520460 Europe PMC A role played by the entity which inhibits the oxidation of any fatty acid. fatty acid oxidation inhibitor Abbreviation for nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide when its oxidation state is unknown or unspecified. It is used in metabolic pathways like glycolysis and citric acid cycle. Wikipedia:Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide NAD CAS:65-64-5 Drug_Central:4865 ICI-31397 actomol mebanazine hydrochloride mebanazine monohydrochloride mebanazine monooxalate mebanazine monosulfate mebanazine oxalate mebanazine sulfate CHEBI:134728 mebanazine CAS:65-64-5 DrugCentral Drug_Central:4865 DrugCentral CAS:4214-72-6 Drug_Central:1485 N-(Isopropylamino)-2-pyrimidine CHEBI:134762 isaxonine CAS:4214-72-6 DrugCentral Drug_Central:1485 DrugCentral CAS:547-44-4 Drug_Central:2496 sulfanilcarbamid sulfanilylurea sulfaurea sulphacarbamide sulphaurea urosulfan urosulfane CHEBI:134891 sulfacarbamide CAS:547-44-4 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2496 DrugCentral CAS:7175-09-9 Drug_Central:2662 5-Methyl-7-bromo-8-hydroxyquinoline CHEBI:134965 tilbroquinol CAS:7175-09-9 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2662 DrugCentral CAS:92623-85-3 Drug_Central:1808 (+/-)-Milnacipran midalcipran milnacipran HCl milnacipran hydrochloride CHEBI:135005 milnacipran CAS:92623-85-3 DrugCentral Drug_Central:1808 DrugCentral CAS:21721-92-6 Drug_Central:1946 altimol CHEBI:135009 nitrefazole CAS:21721-92-6 DrugCentral Drug_Central:1946 DrugCentral Pirprofen was a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that was brought to market by Ciba-Geigy in 1982 as a treatment for arthritis and pain. (by Wikipedia) C13H14ClNO2 ClC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(C(O)=O)C)N2CC=CC2 CAS:31793-07-4 DrugBank:DB13722 Drug_Central:2213 Wikipedia:Pirprofen racemic pirprofen rengasil CHEBI:135028 pirprofen CAS:31793-07-4 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2213 DrugCentral CAS:5310-55-4 Drug_Central:3717 clomacran phosphate CHEBI:135273 clomacran CAS:5310-55-4 DrugCentral Drug_Central:3717 DrugCentral CAS:56775-88-3 Drug_Central:2863 cis-Zimelidine zimeldine hydrochloride hydrate zimelidine zimelidine HCl zimelidine dihydrochloride zimelidine dihydrochloride hydrate zimelidine dihydrochloride monohydrate zimelidine hydrochloride CHEBI:135357 zimeldine CAS:56775-88-3 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2863 DrugCentral CAS:125-13-3 Drug_Central:2038 oxyphenisatin phenolisatin veripaque CHEBI:135358 oxyphenisatine CAS:125-13-3 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2038 DrugCentral CAS:25803-14-9 Drug_Central:698 clometacine clometazin clomethacin duperan mindolic acid CHEBI:135512 clometacin CAS:25803-14-9 DrugCentral Drug_Central:698 DrugCentral CAS:84-04-8 Drug_Central:2180 mornidine nausidol nometine CHEBI:135641 pipamazine CAS:84-04-8 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2180 DrugCentral C21H23Cl2N3O C(C(N(CCC)CCC)=O)C1=C(N=C2N1C=C(C=C2)Cl)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Cl CAS:82626-01-5 Drug_Central:134 Wikipedia:Alpidem Alpidem (Ananxyl) is an anxiolytic drug from the imidazopyridine family, related to the more well known sleeping medication zolpidem. (by Wikipedia) Ananxyl ananxyl CHEBI:135649 alpidem CAS:82626-01-5 DrugCentral Drug_Central:134 DrugCentral CAS:145733-36-4 Drug_Central:3839 ANA-756 ANA756 verdia CHEBI:135666 tasosartan CAS:145733-36-4 DrugCentral Drug_Central:3839 DrugCentral CAS:84845-75-0 Drug_Central:4002 niperotidine HCl niperotidine hydrochloride perultid piperonyl ranitidine HCl piperonyl ranitidine hydrochloride CHEBI:135706 niperotidine CAS:84845-75-0 DrugCentral Drug_Central:4002 DrugCentral CAS:100981-43-9 Drug_Central:979 FI-3542 ebrodin ulsanic CHEBI:135774 ebrotidine CAS:100981-43-9 DrugCentral Drug_Central:979 DrugCentral CAS:68-90-6 Drug_Central:321 cardivix dilafurane CHEBI:135814 benziodarone CAS:68-90-6 DrugCentral Drug_Central:321 DrugCentral CAS:146961-76-4 Drug_Central:102 alatrofloxacin mesilate alatrofloxacin mesylate CHEBI:135829 alatrofloxacin CAS:146961-76-4 DrugCentral Drug_Central:102 DrugCentral sn-glycero-3-phosphonocholine glycerophosphonocholine Any psychotropic drug that induces anxiety or panic. Wikipedia:Anxiogenic panicogenic anxiogenic Any pathway inhibitor that inhibits the Hedgehog signalling pathway. Hedgehog pathway inhibitor Hedgehog pathway inhibitors Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors CHEBI:140921 Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor A chloroalkane that is propane in which a hydrogen from each of two adjacent carbons has been replaced by chlorines. C3H6Cl2 CC(CCl)Cl 1,2-dichloropropane A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. 4-hydroxynonenal Tetracycline in which the hydroxy group at position 5 and the methyl group at position 6 are replaced by hydrogen, and with a dimethylamino substituent and an (N-tert-butylglycyl)amino substituent at positions 7 and 9, respectively. A glycylcycline antibiotic, it has activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including tetracycline-resistant organisms. It is used for the intravenous treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible organisms. CAS:220620-09-7 DrugBank:DB00560 Drug_Central:2661 PMID:17194827 PMID:17210772 PMID:17220399 PMID:17307973 PMID:17353238 PMID:17353249 Reaxys:8379453 (4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)-9-[(N-tert-butylglycyl)amino]-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-3,10,12,12a-tetrahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide (4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)-9-(2-(tert-butylamino)acetamido)-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,10,12,12a-tetrahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide CHEBI:149836 tigecycline CAS:220620-09-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2661 DrugCentral PMID:17194827 ChEMBL PMID:17210772 ChEMBL PMID:17220399 ChEMBL PMID:17307973 ChEMBL PMID:17353238 ChEMBL PMID:17353249 ChEMBL Reaxys:8379453 Reaxys The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke. Wikipedia:Acetaldehyde acetaldehyde An adenosine 5'-phosphate in which the 5'-phosphate is a triphosphate group. It is involved in the transportation of chemical energy during metabolic pathways. CAS:56-65-5 DrugBank:DB00171 adenosine 5'-triphosphate adenosine triphosphate ATP The oxidised form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide found in all living cells. In metabolism, NAD(+) is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. NAD(+) A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with a polymeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues. polynucleotide CAS:86-01-1 DrugBank:DB04137 guanosine 5'-triphosphate GTP A class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxy group of ethanolamine. DrugBank:DB04327 PtdEtn phosphatidylethanolamine A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3β-hydroxy group. C27H46O C1[C@@]2([C@]3(CC[C@]4([C@]([C@@]3(CC=C2C[C@H](C1)O)[H])(CC[C@@]4([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[H])[H])C)[H])C Wikipedia:cholesterol cholesterol IMR:0001353 ISBN:0815340729 1-O-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bis(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate PtsIns(3,4)P2 PtsIns-3,4-P2 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate ISBN:0815340729 ISBN:0815340729 A primary alcohol that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group. C2H6O CCO ethanol A lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or di-ester. The term encompasses phosphatidic acids and phosphoglycerides. C5H6O8PR3 phospholipid A monohydroxy-5β-cholanic acid with aα-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action. C24H40O3 [H][C@]12CC[C@]3([H])[C@]([H])(CC[C@]4(C)[C@]([H])(CC[C@@]34[H])[C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@H](O)C2 lithocholic acid A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. A nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter. DrugBank:DB00640 Adenine riboside Adenosine Ribofuranosyladenine adenosine A nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter. MeSH:D000241 A derivative of glycerol in which one hydroxy group, commonly but not necessarily primary, is esterified with phosphoric acid and the other two are esterified with fatty acids. phosphatidic acid A bile acid that is 5β-cholan-24-oic acid bearing threeα-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12. InChIKey:BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N cholic acid A sphing-4-enine in which the double bond is trans. IMR:0100178 Sphingenine Sphingoid sphingosine Liposaccharide natural compounds consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit (two heptose units and octulosonic acid) with oligosaccharide side chains and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid units (they are a major constituent of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria). LPS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a glycosylated lipid on the outer surface of Gram-negative bacteria acts as immunostimulants. liposaccharide Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a glycosylated lipid on the outer surface of Gram-negative bacteria acts as immunostimulants. ISBN:0815340729 The 17beta-isomer of estradiol. 17β-Estradiol NADPH is the reduced form of NADP+; used in anabolic reactions, such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent. CHEBI:16474 Wikipedia:NADPH 2'-O-phosphonoadenosine 5'-{3-[1-(3-carbamoyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)-1,4-anhydro-D-ribitol-5-yl] dihydrogen diphosphate} InChI=1S/C21H30N7O17P3/c22-17-12-19(25-7-24-17)28(8-26-12)21-16(44-46(33,34)35)14(30)11(43-21)6-41-48(38,39)45-47(36,37)40-5-10-13(29)15(31)20(42-10)27-3-1-2-9(4-27)18(23)32/h1,3-4,7-8,10-11,13-16,20-21,29-31H,2,5-6H2,(H2,23,32)(H,36,37)(H,38,39)(H2,22,24,25)(H2,33,34,35)/t10-,11-,13-,14-,15-,16-,20-,21-/m1/s1 NADP-reduced NADPH A nitrogen oxide which is a free radical, each molecule of which consists of one nitrogen and one oxygen atom. nitric oxide A member of the class of chloroethenes that is ethene substituted by chloro groups at positions 1, 1 and 2. C2HCl3 ClC=C(Cl)Cl CAS:79-01-6 Wikipedia:Trichloroethylene 1,1,2-trichloroethene trichloroethylene IMR:0001352 1-O-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-tris(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate PIP3 PtsIns(3,4,5)P3 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate Any member of the class of organooxygen compounds that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone or a lactol resulting from their intramolecular condensation (monosaccharides); substances derived from these by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom; and polymeric products arising by intermolecular acetal formation between two or more such molecules (disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides). Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; prior to any oxidation or reduction, most have the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. Compounds obtained from carbohydrates by substitution, etc., are known as carbohydrate derivatives and may contain other elements. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. carbohydrate A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a propylsulfanyl group at position 5. It is commonly used in the treatment of parasitic worm infestations. Beilstein:752696 CAS:54965-21-8 DrugBank:DB00518 Drug_Central:103 LINCS:LSM-3782 PMID:22152396 PMID:24403707 PMID:24411094 Pesticides:albendazole Reaxys:752696 Albendazole albendazole methyl [5-(propylsulfanyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate (5-(propylthio)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamic acid methyl ester 5-(propylthio)-2-carbomethoxyaminobenzimidazole Albenza Eskazole O-methyl N-(5-(propylthio)-2-benzimidazolyl)carbamate Proftril Valbazen Zentel CHEBI:16664 albendazole Beilstein:752696 Beilstein CAS:54965-21-8 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:103 DrugCentral PMID:22152396 Europe PMC PMID:24403707 Europe PMC PMID:24411094 Europe PMC Pesticides:albendazole Alan Wood's Pesticides Reaxys:752696 Reaxys Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. X = OH, OR, NH2, NHR, etc. peptide A phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol moiety is the 1D-myo isomer and the phosphatidyl group is located at its position 1. C11H17O13P [C@@H]1([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1O)O)O)O)OP(OC[C@@H](COC(*)=O)OC(=O)*)(=O)O)O PMID:28600633 1-O-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol A purine nucleoside in which guanine is attached to ribofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. guanosine A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively. A dihydroxy-5β-cholanic acid that is (5β)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively. InChIKey:RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N Beilstein:3219887 CAS:474-25-9 DrugBank:DB06777 Drug_Central:4361 LINCS:LSM-5353 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST04010032 PMID:11530998 PMID:16037564 PMID:24448653 PMID:24464484 Reaxys:3219887 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid Chenodeoxycholic acid 3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid 7alpha-hydroxylithocholic acid CDCA Chenix Chenodiol anthropodeoxycholic acid anthropodesoxycholic acid chenic acid gallodesoxycholic acid CHEBI:16755 chenodeoxycholic acid Beilstein:3219887 Beilstein CAS:474-25-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:4361 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST04010032 LIPID MAPS PMID:11530998 Europe PMC PMID:16037564 Europe PMC PMID:24448653 Europe PMC PMID:24464484 Europe PMC Reaxys:3219887 Reaxys A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. CAS:20398-34-9 Adenosine 5'-monophosphate AMP A tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine. C10H17N3O6S N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(=O)O)C(=O)O DrugBank:DB00143 Wikipedia:Glutathione Glutathione 5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine GSH Reduced glutathione L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine A coenzyme found in all living cells; consists of two nucleotides joined through their 5'-phosphate groups, with one nucleotide containing an adenine base and the other containing nicotinamide. DrugBank:DB00157 Wikipedia:Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide NADH A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. C7H6O3 OC(=O)c1ccccc1O CAS:69-72-7 DrugBank:DB00936 Wikipedia:Salicylic_acid 2-hydroxybenzoic acid salicylic acid Derivatives of phosphoglycerols which have only one of the alcohol groups of the glycerol backbone ester-linked with a fatty acid. lysophospholipids monoacylglycerol phosphates monoacylglycerophosphate monoacylglycerophosphates Lysophospholipid monoacylglycerol phosphate A member of the class of biladienes that is a linear tetrapyrrole with the dipyrrole units being of both exovinyl and endovinyl type. A product of heme degradation, it is produced in the reticuloendothelial system by the reduction of biliverdin and transported to the liver as a complex with serum albumin. C33H36N4O6 CC1=C(C=C)\C(NC1=O)=C\c1[nH]c(Cc2[nH]c(\C=C3NC(=O)C(C=C)=C/3C)c(C)c2CCC(O)=O)c(CCC(O)=O)c1C Wikipedia:Bilirubin bilirubin High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. DNA deoxyribonucleic acid An aldohexose used as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. glucose An estrogen that has formula C18H22O2. ATC:G03CA07 ATC:G03CC04 CASRN:53-16-7 DrugBank:DB00655 InChIKey:DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N estrone An inositol having myo- configuration. Wikipedia:Inositol myo-inositol An androstanoid having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4-C-5.. Beilstein:1915399 Beilstein:3653705 CAS:58-22-0 DrugBank:DB00624 Drug_Central:2607 Gmelin:538843 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST02020002 PMID:10438974 PMID:11786693 PMID:18900503 PMID:24498482 Reaxys:1915399 17beta-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one TESTOSTERONE Testosterone testosterone 17beta-Hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one 17beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one 4-androsten-17beta-ol-3-one Androderm Testosteron testosterona testosterone testosteronum CHEBI:17347 testosterone Beilstein:1915399 Beilstein Beilstein:3653705 Beilstein CAS:58-22-0 ChemIDplus CAS:58-22-0 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2607 DrugCentral Gmelin:538843 Gmelin LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST02020002 LIPID MAPS PMID:10438974 Europe PMC PMID:11786693 Europe PMC PMID:18900503 Europe PMC PMID:24498482 Europe PMC Reaxys:1915399 Reaxys The parent of the class of 2-acetamidofluorenes, being an ortho-fused polycyclic arene that consists of 9H-fluorene bearing an acetamido substituent at position 2. It is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene. C15H13NO C(=O)(NC=1C=C2C(C=3C(C2)=CC=CC3)=CC1)C CAS:53-96-3 Wikipedia:2-Acetylaminofluorene N-(9H-fluoren-2-yl)acetamide 2-AAF 2-Acetylaminofluorene 2-acetamidofluorene A cytidine 5'-phosphate that has formula C9H14N3O8P. CMP A compound RC(2O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. aldehyde A glycerophosphoglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen of one of the primary hydroxy groups has been replaced by a phosphatidyl group. phosphatidylglycerol A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer. Beilstein:5382060 CAS:95058-81-4 DrugBank:DB00441 Drug_Central:1283 LINCS:LSM-5333 PMID:11034044 PMID:11061612 PMID:11088063 PMID:11122828 PMID:11132538 PMID:11142482 PMID:11221019 PMID:11356111 PMID:11374818 PMID:11489002 PMID:11504793 PMID:11510027 PMID:11585734 PMID:11595724 PMID:11807603 PMID:11859947 PMID:11901308 PMID:12057041 PMID:12057046 PMID:12057157 PMID:12115355 PMID:12142097 PMID:12520460 PMID:12571808 PMID:12722678 PMID:12722691 PMID:12743987 PMID:12761494 PMID:12798170 PMID:12917815 PMID:12954073 PMID:14606642 PMID:14653877 PMID:14720338 PMID:15131028 PMID:15160243 PMID:15221904 PMID:15282439 PMID:15297392 PMID:15542781 PMID:15637766 PMID:15744590 PMID:16001951 PMID:16041610 PMID:16080557 PMID:16143373 PMID:16149285 PMID:16317298 PMID:16500746 PMID:16555971 PMID:16584929 PMID:16807461 PMID:16807463 PMID:16894289 PMID:16905983 PMID:17101674 PMID:17296311 PMID:17296587 PMID:17347561 PMID:17429628 PMID:17460420 PMID:17602464 PMID:17639396 PMID:17887663 PMID:17939651 PMID:17941128 PMID:17987263 PMID:18035967 PMID:18050344 PMID:18086345 PMID:18166944 PMID:18186604 PMID:18257544 PMID:18348652 PMID:18773046 PMID:18789834 PMID:18819792 PMID:18981552 PMID:19034448 PMID:19177022 PMID:19399788 PMID:19839926 PMID:19879060 PMID:22763439 PMID:28594276 PMID:28608357 PMID:28912244 Reaxys:5382060 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine 2',2'-Difluorodeoxycytidine 2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine 4-amino-1-((2R,4R,5R)-3,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one gemcitabina gemcitabine gemcitabinum CHEBI:175901 gemcitabine Beilstein:5382060 Beilstein CAS:95058-81-4 ChemIDplus CAS:95058-81-4 DrugBank Drug_Central:1283 DrugCentral PMID:11034044 Europe PMC PMID:11061612 Europe PMC PMID:11088063 Europe PMC PMID:11122828 Europe PMC PMID:11132538 Europe PMC PMID:11142482 Europe PMC PMID:11221019 Europe PMC PMID:11356111 ChEMBL PMID:11374818 Europe PMC PMID:11489002 Europe PMC PMID:11504793 Europe PMC PMID:11510027 Europe PMC PMID:11585734 Europe PMC PMID:11595724 Europe PMC PMID:11807603 Europe PMC PMID:11859947 Europe PMC PMID:11901308 Europe PMC PMID:12057041 Europe PMC PMID:12057046 Europe PMC PMID:12057157 Europe PMC PMID:12115355 Europe PMC PMID:12142097 Europe PMC PMID:12520460 Europe PMC PMID:12571808 Europe PMC PMID:12722678 Europe PMC PMID:12722691 Europe PMC PMID:12743987 Europe PMC PMID:12761494 Europe PMC PMID:12798170 Europe PMC PMID:12917815 Europe PMC PMID:12954073 Europe PMC PMID:14606642 Europe PMC PMID:14653877 Europe PMC PMID:14720338 Europe PMC PMID:15131028 Europe PMC PMID:15160243 Europe PMC PMID:15221904 Europe PMC PMID:15282439 Europe PMC PMID:15297392 Europe PMC PMID:15542781 Europe PMC PMID:15637766 Europe PMC PMID:15744590 Europe PMC PMID:16001951 Europe PMC PMID:16041610 Europe PMC PMID:16080557 Europe PMC PMID:16143373 Europe PMC PMID:16149285 Europe PMC PMID:16317298 Europe PMC PMID:16500746 Europe PMC PMID:16555971 Europe PMC PMID:16584929 Europe PMC PMID:16807461 Europe PMC PMID:16807463 Europe PMC PMID:16894289 Europe PMC PMID:16905983 Europe PMC PMID:17101674 ChEMBL PMID:17296311 Europe PMC PMID:17296587 Europe PMC PMID:17347561 Europe PMC PMID:17429628 Europe PMC PMID:17460420 Europe PMC PMID:17602464 ChEMBL PMID:17639396 Europe PMC PMID:17887663 ChEMBL PMID:17939651 ChEMBL PMID:17941128 Europe PMC PMID:17987263 Europe PMC PMID:18035967 Europe PMC PMID:18050344 Europe PMC PMID:18086345 Europe PMC PMID:18166944 Europe PMC PMID:18186604 ChEMBL PMID:18257544 ChEMBL PMID:18348652 Europe PMC PMID:18773046 Europe PMC PMID:18789834 Europe PMC PMID:18819792 Europe PMC PMID:18981552 Europe PMC PMID:19034448 Europe PMC PMID:19177022 Europe PMC PMID:19399788 Europe PMC PMID:19839926 Europe PMC PMID:19879060 Europe PMC PMID:22763439 Europe PMC PMID:28594276 Europe PMC PMID:28608357 Europe PMC PMID:28912244 Europe PMC Reaxys:5382060 Reaxys cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) CTP cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) IUPAC A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. C24H38O4 CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC CAS:117-81-7 DEHP Diethylhexylphthalate bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or monounsaturated with chain lengths from 14 to 26 carbon atoms; the presence of a hydroxyl group on carbon 2 is fairly common. Ceramides are generally precursors of more complex sphingolipids. In the illustrated generalised structure, R(1) = OH, OX (where X = acyl, glycosyl, phosphate, phosphonate, etc.), or H. IMR:0100177 Cer N-acylated sphingoid ceramide Gentamicin is a parenterally administered, broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic typically used for moderate to severe gram negative infections. Despite its wide use, gentamicin has not been definitively linked to instances of clinically apparent liver injury. CAS:1403-66-3 DrugBank:DB00798 MeSH:D005839 Open TG-Gates compound_id=00147 https://livertox.nlm.nih.gov//Gentamicin.htm https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3467 gentamicin Any glyceride resulting from the condensation of all three hydroxy groups of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids. C6H5O6R3 [*]C(=O)OCC(COC([*])=O)OC([*])=O PMID:2474544 Triacylglycerol triglyceride C20H32N6O12S2 N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C(O)=O CAS:27025-41-8 DrugBank:DB03310 GSSG Oxidized glutathione Oxiglutatione Glutathione disulfide An epoxide that is oxirane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a phenyl group. C8H8O C1OC1c1ccccc1 CAS:96-09-3 Wikipedia:Styrene_oxide 2-phenyloxirane styrene-7,8-oxide styrene oxide C15H13NO2 CC(=O)N(O)c1ccc-2c(Cc3ccccc-23)c1 CAS:53-95-2 N-(9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N-hydroxyacetamide N-OH-AAF N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene A thioester that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid. C22H35N7O17P3SR CAS:9029-97-4 PMID:11264983 PMID:11524729 Acyl coenzyme A Acyl-CoA CC(C)(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC([*])=O acyl-CoA 'Lipids' is a loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids. Organic molecule that is insoluble in water but tends to dissolve in nonpolar organic solvent. lipid Organic molecule that is insoluble in water but tends to dissolve in nonpolar organic solvent. ISBN:0815340729 A biomacromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. This term is commonly used only for those containing more than ten monosaccharide residues. Polysaccharide polysaccharides polysaccharide Any phosphatidylinositol that is phosphorylated at one or more of the hydroxy groups of inositol. phosphoinositide An iron group element atom that has atomic number 26. Fe [Fe] CAS:7439-89-6 DrugBank:DB01592 iron iron atom A class of aminophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxy group of serine. DrugBank:DB00144 Ptd-L-Ser phosphatidylserine phosphatidyl-L-serine The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. CAS:3483-12-3 DrugBank:DB04447 LINCS:LSM-36870 1,4-dithiothreitol IMR:0200477 IMR:0001350 PI(4,5)P2 PIP2 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate PtsIns-4,5-P2 PI(4,5)P2 is cleaved by phospholipase C-beta or gamma to generate IP3 and diacylglycerol. 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate PI(4,5)P2 is cleaved by phospholipase C-beta or gamma to generate IP3 and diacylglycerol. ISBN:0815340729 O2 [O][O-] dioxidanidyl superoxide A mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor that interferes with the action of ATP synthase. ATP synthase inhibitor (mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor) Any of a group of related and highly toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins) whose main structural feature is a fused coumarin-bis(dihydrofuran) ring system and which are produced by strains of the moulds Aspergillus flavus or A. parasiticus, together with further metabolites of these mycotoxins. aflatoxin alkali metal atom Highly reactive chemical that introduces alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevents their proper functioning. It could be used as an antineoplastic agent, but it might be very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. It could also be used as a component of poison gases. CHEBI:22333 alkylating agent A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. anion A role that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. antioxidants antioxydant antoxidant CHEBI:22586 antioxidant A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. anti-viral agent anti-viral agents antiviral antiviral agents antivirals CHEBI:22587 antiviral agent Members of the class of pyrimidones consisting of pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (barbituric acid) and its derivatives. Largest group of the synthetic sedative/hypnotics, sharing a characteristic six-membered ring structure. barbiturates A molecular entity having an available pair of electrons capable of forming a covalent bond with a hydron (Bronsted base) or with the vacant orbital of some other molecular entity (Lewis base). base CAS:7440-70-2 DrugBank:DB01373 calcium Ca calcium atom An EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyases) inhibitor that interferes with the action of carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1). Such compounds reduce the secretion of H(+) ions by the proximal kidney tubule. EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitors EC 4.2.1.1 inhibitor EC 4.2.1.1 inhibitors anhydrase inhibitor anhydrase inhibitors carbonate anhydrase inhibitor carbonate anhydrase inhibitors carbonate dehydratase inhibitor carbonate dehydratase inhibitors carbonate hydro-lyase (carbon-dioxide-forming) inhibitor carbonate hydro-lyase (carbon-dioxide-forming) inhibitors carbonate hydro-lyase inhibitor carbonate hydro-lyase inhibitors carbonic acid anhydrase inhibitor carbonic acid anhydrase inhibitors carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitor carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors carbonic anhydrase A inhibitor carbonic anhydrase A inhibitors carbonic anhydrase inhibitor carbonic anhydrase inhibitors carboxyanhydrase inhibitor carboxyanhydrase inhibitors CHEBI:23018 EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor A substance intended to sterilize any organism. chemosterilants CHEBI:23092 chemosterilant A low-molecular-weight, non-protein organic compound participating in enzymatic reactions as dissociable acceptor or donor of chemical groups or electrons. coenzyme An organic molecule or ion (usually a metal ion) that is required by an enzyme for its activity. It may be attached either loosely (coenzyme) or tightly (prosthetic group). Wikipedia:Cofactor_(biochemistry) cofactor Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. molecular entity C12H11N3 C1=CC=C(C=C1)N=NC2=CC=C(C=C2)N CAS:60-09-3 Wikipedia:Aniline_Yellow 4-Aminoazobenzene 4-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]aniline 4-phenyldiazenylaniline AAB 4-(phenylazo)aniline A tetrasaccharide derivative consisting of a dideoxy-4-{[4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl C7 cyclitol moiety [called valienol (or valienamine)] linked via nitrogen to isomaltotriose. CAS:56180-94-0 DrugBank:DB00284 Drug_Central:39 LINCS:LSM-4345 PMID:11937512 PMID:18248270 PMID:25044702 PMID:8893066 PMID:9805641 4,6-dideoxy-4-{[(1S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino}-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucopyranose Acarbose Glucobay Precose acarbosa acarbose acarbosum CHEBI:2376 acarbose CAS:56180-94-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:39 DrugCentral PMID:11937512 Europe PMC PMID:18248270 Europe PMC PMID:25044702 Europe PMC PMID:8893066 Europe PMC PMID:9805641 Europe PMC Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances. Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans. drugs medicine CHEBI:23888 drug Any member of the group of signalling molecules arising from oxidation of the three C20 essential fatty acids (EFAs) icosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). IMR:0001381 eicosanoid icosanoid A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. enzyme inhibitor enzyme inhibitors inhibidor enzimatico inhibidores enzimaticos inhibiteur enzymatique inhibiteurs enzymatiques CHEBI:23924 enzyme inhibitor A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17. InChIKey=VOXZDWNPVJITMN-WKUFJEKOSA-N Wikipedia:Estradiol estradiol A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by ethyl and nitroso groups. C3H7N3O2 CCN(N=O)C(N)=O CAS:759-73-9 Wikipedia:ENU 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure. Beilstein:8335547 CAS:91714-94-2 DrugBank:DB00963 Drug_Central:401 LINCS:LSM-5585 [2-amino-3-(4-bromobenzoyl)phenyl]acetic acid 2-amino-3-(4-bromobenzoyl)benzeneacetic acid [2-Amino-3-(4-bromo-benzoyl)-phenyl]-acetic acid bromfenac bromfenaco bromfenacum CHEBI:240107 bromfenac Beilstein:8335547 Beilstein CAS:91714-94-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:401 DrugCentral A substance used to destroy fungal pests. fungicides CHEBI:24127 fungicide gamma-GC gamma-glutamylcysteine glycerophosphoglycerols A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IMR_0000947 chemical compound chemical entity A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. biological function CHEBI:24432 biological role Originally referring to an endogenous compound that is formed in specialized organ or group of cells and carried to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory function, the term is now commonly used to include non-endogenous, semi-synthetic and fully synthetic analogues of such compounds. GO:0005180 endocrine hormones CHEBI:24621 substance with hormone role: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T125 hormone Nuclear particle of charge number +1, spin 1/2 and rest mass of 1.007276470(12) u. proton Compounds having the structure RN=CR2 (R = H, hydrocarbyl). Thus analogues of aldehydes or ketones, having NR doubly bonded to carbon; aldimines have the structure RCH=NR, ketimines have the structure R'2C=NR (where R' is not H). Imines include azomethines and Schiff bases. Imine is used as a suffix in systematic nomenclature to denote the C=NH group excluding the carbon atom. CHEBI:24783 http://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200906016906308703 http://purl.jp/bio/4/id/200906016906308703 imine inositol Strictly, a substance intended to kill members of the class Insecta. In common usage, any substance used for preventing, destroying, repelling or controlling insects. insecticides CHEBI:24852 insecticide A molecular entity having a net electric charge. ion An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11. C17H12O6 [H][C@]12OC=C[C@@]1([H])c1c(O2)cc(OC)c2c3CCC(=O)c3c(=O)oc12 CAS:1162-65-8 (6aR,9aS)-4-methoxy-2,3,6a,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene-1,11-dione aflatoxin B1 Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites. metabolite metabolites primary metabolites secondary metabolites CHEBI:25212 metabolite A role played by the entity that inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory-chain. mitochondrial electron transport chain inhibitors mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. molecule An agent that increases the frequency of mutations above the normal background level, usually by interacting directly with DNA and causing it damage, including base substitution. Wikipedia:Mutagen mutagene mutagenes mutagenic agent mutageno mutagenos mutagens CHEBI:25435 mutagen Poisonous substance produced by fungi. mycotoxin A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke. C20H16 Cc1c2ccccc2c(C)c2c1ccc1ccccc21 CAS:57-97-6 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene 7,12-dimethylbenzo[a]anthracene 7,12-dimethyltetraphene A substance used to destroy pests of the phylum Nematoda (roundworms). nematicides nematocide nematocides CHEBI:25491 nematicide An endogenous compound that is used to transmit information across the synapse between a neuron and another cell. IMR:0000967 (obsolete) neurotransmitter N nitrogen atom An organophosphorus compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-phosphorus bond, but the term is often extended to include esters and thioesters. organophosphorus compound Inchikey:QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen oxygen atom oxygen molecular entity HO2 [H]O[O] (HO2)(.) hydroperoxyl Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests. pesticide Pestizid Pestizide pesticides CHEBI:25944 pesticide CAS:7440-09-7 DrugBank:DB01345 potassium potassium atom The family of natural prostaglandins and prostaglandin-like compounds. prostanoid A molecular entity possessing an unpaired electron. free radical radical Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. Wikipedia:Reactive_oxygen_species reactive oxygen species Any fatty acid containing no carbon to carbon multiple bonds. Known to produce adverse biological effects when ingested to excess. saturated fatty acid A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias. C25H29I2NO3 CCCCc1oc2ccccc2c1C(=O)c1cc(I)c(OCCN(CC)CC)c(I)c1 Beilstein:1271711 CAS:1951-25-3 ChemicalBook:CB5310616 DrugBank:DB01118 Drug_Central:176 LINCS:LSM-2379 Open TG-Gates compound_id=00033 PMID:10188629 PMID:16479044 PMID:18368867 (2-butyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl){4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl}methanone Amiodarone 2-Butyl-3-(3,5-diiodo-4-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)benzoyl)benzofuran 2-Butyl-3-benzofuranyl 4-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl ketone 2-n-Butyl-3',5'-diiodo-4'-N-diethylaminoethoxy-3-benzoylbenzofuran amiodarona amiodaronum CHEBI:2663 amiodarone Beilstein:1271711 Beilstein CAS:1951-25-3 ChemIDplus ChemicalBook:CB5310616 https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB5310616 Drug_Central:176 DrugCentral PMID:10188629 Europe PMC PMID:16479044 Europe PMC PMID:18368867 Europe PMC An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5. C20H23N CN(C)CCC=C1c2ccccc2CCc2ccccc12 CAS:50-48-6 DrugBank:DB00321 LINCS:LSM-3190 MeSH:D000639 Patent:WO2011089289 Wikipedia:Amitriptyline 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine amitriptyline sodium atom Sphingolipids are a complex family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone. sphingolipid CAS:7704-34-9 sulfur sulfur atom A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels. IMR:0100020 TX thromboxane Poisonous substance produced by a biological organism such as a microbe, animal or plant. Wikipedia:Toxin toxin A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups. triol An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. uric acid A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. CCl4 ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CAS:56-23-5 LINCS:LSM-37019 Wikipedia:Carbon_Tetrachloride CCl4 Carbon tetrachloride tetrachloromethane CAS:7440-44-0 Inchikey:OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon atom Beilstein:212994 CAS:59-66-5 DrugBank:DB00819 Drug_Central:56 Gmelin:365421 LINCS:LSM-5543 Acetazolamide N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide 2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide 5-ACETAMIDO-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE-2-SULFONAMIDE 5-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide Defiltran Diacarb Diamox Diluran Glaupax N-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide N-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-1,3,5-thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide acetazolamida acetazolamide acetazolamidum CHEBI:27690 acetazolamide Beilstein:212994 Beilstein CAS:59-66-5 ChemIDplus CAS:59-66-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:56 DrugCentral Gmelin:365421 Gmelin An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment. Beilstein:95226 CAS:126-07-8 DrugBank:DB00400 Drug_Central:1331 LINCS:LSM-5259 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPK13060001 PMID:14407521 PMID:15078340 PMID:16922553 PMID:23111828 PMID:25476923 PMID:3277037 Reaxys:95226 (2S,6'R)-7-chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methyl-3H,4'H-spiro[1-benzofuran-2,1'-cyclohex[2]ene]-3,4'-dione Griseofulvin (+)-griseofulvin Curling factor Fulcin Fulvicin Grifulvin Grisactin Grisovin Grysio Lamoryl Likuden Poncyl Spirofulvin Sporostatin amudane griseofulvin griseofulvina griseofulvine griseofulvinum CHEBI:27779 griseofulvin Beilstein:95226 Beilstein CAS:126-07-8 ChemIDplus CAS:126-07-8 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1331 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPK13060001 LIPID MAPS PMID:14407521 Europe PMC PMID:15078340 Europe PMC PMID:16922553 Europe PMC PMID:23111828 Europe PMC PMID:25476923 Europe PMC PMID:3277037 Europe PMC Reaxys:95226 Reaxys A stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups. C14H12O3 [H]C(=C([H])c1cc(O)cc(O)c1)c1ccc(O)cc1 CAS:501-36-0 DrugBank:DB02709 LINCS:LSM-2557 5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol resveratrol A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. C22H24N2O8 [H][C@@]12C[C@@]3([H])C(C(=O)c4c(O)cccc4[C@@]3(C)O)=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@H]2N(C)C CAS:60-54-8 DrugBank:DB00759 Wikipedia:Tetracycline (4S,4aS,5aS,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide tetracycline A member of the class of rifamycins that is a a semisynthetic antibiotic derived from Amycolatopsis rifamycinica (previously known as Amycolatopsis mediterranei and Streptomyces mediterranei) CO[C@H]1\C=C\O[C@@]2(C)Oc3c(C)c(O)c4c(O)c(NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H]1C)c(\C=N\N1CCN(C)CC1)c(O)c4c3C2=O CASRN:13292-46-1 DrugBank:DB01045 Wikipedia:Rifampicin rifampicin A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. CAS:9005-79-2 glycogen A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. CAS:58-74-2 DrugBank:DB01113 Drug_Central:2056 LINCS:LSM-2338 PMID:11971205 PMID:24414229 Reaxys:312930 1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline CHEBI:28241 papaverine CAS:58-74-2 ChemIDplus CAS:58-74-2 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2056 DrugCentral PMID:11971205 Europe PMC PMID:24414229 Europe PMC Reaxys:312930 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic. C17H11NO7 COc1cccc2c1cc([N+]([O-])=O)c1c(cc3OCOc3c21)C(O)=O CAS:313-67-7 8-methoxy-6-nitrophenanthro[3,4-d][1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylic acid aristolochic acid A phosphatidylglycerol composed of two molecules of phosphatidic acid covalently linked to a molecule of glycerol. Wikipedia:cardiolipin cardiolipin A monohaloethene that is ethene in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a chloro group. C2H3Cl ClC=C CAS:75-01-4 Wikipedia:Chloroethene Vinyl chloride クロロエチレン 塩化ビニル chloroethene A pyrimidine nucleoside in which cytosine is attached to D-arabinofuranose via a beta-N(1)-glycosidic bond. Used mainly in the treatment of leukaemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. Beilstein:89175 CAS:147-94-4 DrugBank:DB00987 Drug_Central:770 LINCS:LSM-5470 PMID:15492802 Reaxys:89175 4-amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one Cytarabine 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine 4-Amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone Arabinoside C Cytosine arabinoside Cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside ara-C arabinocytosine citarabina cytarabine cytarabinum cytosine-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CHEBI:28680 cytarabine Beilstein:89175 Beilstein CAS:147-94-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:770 DrugCentral PMID:15492802 Europe PMC Reaxys:89175 Reaxys A ketohexose that is an isomer of glucose. fructose Any member of the phosphoinositide family of compounds, of which seven occur naturally. phosphatidylinositol phosphate A chromenone having the keto group located at the 2-position. C=1C=CC=C2C1C=CC(=O)O2 DrugBank:DB04665 PMID:28166217 Wikipedia:Coumarin coumarin A bile acid that is 5β-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively. InChIKey:KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N deoxycholic acid Any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol. IMR:0001651 PI phosphatidylinositol C14H8O3 Oc1cccc2C(=O)c3ccccc3C(=O)c12 CAS:129-43-1 1-hydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione 1-hydroxyanthraquinone A methanesulfonate ester that is butane-1,4-diol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups are replaced by methanesulfonyl groups. An alkylating antineoplastic agent, it is used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (although it has been largely replaced by newer drugs). It is also used as an insect sterilant. Beilstein:1791786 CAS:55-98-1 DrugBank:DB01008 Drug_Central:438 LINCS:LSM-5388 PMID:10523796 PMID:19361744 PMID:19611402 Reaxys:1791786 Busulfan butane-1,4-diyl dimethanesulfonate 1,4-Bis(methanesulfonoxy)butane 1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate 1,4-Dimesyloxybutane 1,4-Dimethanesulfonoxybutane Bisulfex Leucosulfan Mablin Mielucin Misulban Mitostan Myeloleukon Myleran Tetramethylene bis(methanesulfonate) busulfan busulfano busulfanum CHEBI:28901 busulfan Beilstein:1791786 Beilstein CAS:55-98-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:438 DrugCentral PMID:10523796 Europe PMC PMID:19361744 Europe PMC PMID:19611402 Europe PMC Reaxys:1791786 Reaxys A ketoimine that has formula C8H7NO2. CHEBI:29132 http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-76397 N-(4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)acetamide InChI=1S/C8H7NO2/c1-6(10)9-7-2-4-8(11)5-3-7/h2-5H,1H3 NAPQI N-acetyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine N-(4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)acetamide IUPAC NAME HO [O][H] hydroxyl A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS. CAS:446-86-6 DrugBank:DB00993 Drug_Central:269 PMID:11064448 PMID:15199672 PMID:15476481 PMID:15628319 PMID:15973722 PMID:16344342 PMID:16397313 PMID:16764353 PMID:16954801 PMID:17381669 PMID:17970886 PMID:18008354 PMID:18336531 PMID:19243907 PMID:20080917 PMID:25248004 PMID:25314066 PMID:25440430 PMID:25443086 PMID:25581826 PMID:25641386 PMID:28166217 PMID:8738760 PMID:9273463 PMID:9345422 Reaxys:1225351 6-[(1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]-7H-purine 6-((1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)thio)-1H-purine 6-(1'-Methyl-4'-nitro-5'-imidazolyl)-mercaptopurine Imuran (TN) CHEBI:2948 azathioprine CAS:446-86-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:269 DrugCentral PMID:11064448 Europe PMC PMID:15199672 Europe PMC PMID:15476481 Europe PMC PMID:15628319 Europe PMC PMID:15973722 Europe PMC PMID:16344342 Europe PMC PMID:16397313 Europe PMC PMID:16764353 Europe PMC PMID:16954801 Europe PMC PMID:17381669 Europe PMC PMID:17970886 Europe PMC PMID:18008354 Europe PMC PMID:18336531 Europe PMC PMID:19243907 Europe PMC PMID:20080917 Europe PMC PMID:25248004 Europe PMC PMID:25314066 Europe PMC PMID:25440430 Europe PMC PMID:25443086 Europe PMC PMID:25581826 Europe PMC PMID:25641386 Europe PMC PMID:28166217 Europe PMC PMID:8738760 Europe PMC PMID:9273463 Europe PMC PMID:9345422 Europe PMC Reaxys:1225351 Reaxys CAS:191114-48-4 Drug_Central:2581 TELITHROMYCIN Telithromycin (3aS,4R,7S,9R,10R,11R,13R,15R,15aR)-4-ethyl-11-methoxy-3a,7,9,11,13,15-hexamethyl-2,6,8,14-tetraoxo-1-[4-(4-pyridin-3-yl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)butyl]tetradecahydro-2H-oxacyclotetradecino[4,3-d][1,3]oxazol-10-yl 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranoside HMR 3647 HMR-3647 HMR3647 RU 66647 RU-66647 RU66647 CHEBI:29688 telithromycin Drug_Central:2581 DrugCentral A mixture of antiviral nucleoside antibiotics produced by Streptomyces lysosuperificus. It contains at least 10 homologues comprising uracil, N-acetylglucosamine, an 11-carbon aminodialdose called tunicamine, and a fatty acid linked to the amino group of the tunicamine. The homologues vary in the composition of the fatty acid moiety. CAS:11089-65-9 Open TG-Gates compound_id:00A02 Wikipedia:Tunicamycin tunicamycin 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication. Beilstein:273668 CAS:3562-84-3 Drug_Central:318 LINCS:LSM-2239 PMID:18636784 PMID:26693855 PMID:26792818 PMID:27391386 PMID:28131653 PMID:28166217 PMID:28202260 PMID:7661033 (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)(2-ethyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl)methanone Benzbromarone 2-ethyl-3-(3,5-dibrom-4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzofuran 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl-2-ethyl-3-benzofuranyl ketone Uroleap (TN) CHEBI:3023 benzbromarone Beilstein:273668 Beilstein CAS:3562-84-3 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:318 DrugCentral PMID:18636784 Europe PMC PMID:26693855 Europe PMC PMID:26792818 Europe PMC PMID:27391386 Europe PMC PMID:28131653 Europe PMC PMID:28166217 Europe PMC PMID:28202260 Europe PMC PMID:7661033 Europe PMC C17H12O7 [H][C@@]12Oc3cc(OC)c4c5CCC(=O)c5c(=O)oc4c3[C@]1([H])[C@@]1([H])O[C@@]1([H])O2 CAS:42583-46-0 6aS,7aS,8aR,8bR)-4-methoxy-2,3,6a,7a,8a,8b-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]oxireno[4',5']furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene-1,10-dione aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide CCl3 Cl[C](Cl)Cl trichloromethyl(.) A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. HOR O[*] alcohol A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism. Beilstein:5364666 CAS:90357-06-5 DrugBank:DB01128 Drug_Central:367 LINCS:LSM-1437 PMID:11915584 PMID:12015321 PMID:12017896 PMID:12421104 PMID:12959312 PMID:15509184 PMID:17313204 PMID:18062751 PMID:19194583 PMID:23527766 PMID:30784326 PMID:31099426 Reaxys:5364666 rac-N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide (+-)-bicalutamide (RS)-4'-cyano-alpha',alpha',alpha',-trifluoro-3-(4-fluorophenylsulphonyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiono-m-toluidide (RS)-bicalutamide Bicadex Bical Bicalox Bicamide Bicatlon Bicusan Binabic Bypro Calumid Calutide Calutol Casodex Cosudex ICI 176,334 ICI 176334 ICI-176334 Kalumid Ormandyl bicalutamida bicalutamide bicalutamidum racemic bicalutamide CHEBI:3090 bicalutamide Beilstein:5364666 Beilstein CAS:90357-06-5 ChemIDplus CAS:90357-06-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:367 DrugCentral PMID:11915584 Europe PMC PMID:12015321 Europe PMC PMID:12017896 Europe PMC PMID:12421104 Europe PMC PMID:12959312 Europe PMC PMID:15509184 Europe PMC PMID:17313204 Europe PMC PMID:18062751 Europe PMC PMID:19194583 Europe PMC PMID:23527766 Europe PMC PMID:30784326 Europe PMC PMID:31099426 Europe PMC Reaxys:5364666 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine. C2HCl3O2 OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl CAS:76-03-9 trichloroacetic acid An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash. CAS:22131-79-9 Drug_Central:107 PMID:18796 PMID:19205 PMID:21068 PMID:236805 PMID:237493 PMID:241593 PMID:241595 PMID:241596 PMID:241597 PMID:241598 PMID:241600 PMID:241601 PMID:241602 PMID:241603 PMID:24426 PMID:4279126 PMID:509935 PMID:6103793 PMID:6106453 PMID:6109575 PMID:6120697 PMID:6141199 PMID:7853459 PMID:7905004 Reaxys:2116510 [3-chloro-4-(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)phenyl]acetic acid (4-Allyloxy-3-chlorphenyl)essigsaeure 3-Chloro-4-(2-propenyloxy)benzeneacetic acid [4-(allyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]acetic acid alclofenac alclofenaco alclofenacum CHEBI:31183 alclofenac CAS:22131-79-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:107 DrugCentral PMID:18796 Europe PMC PMID:19205 Europe PMC PMID:21068 Europe PMC PMID:236805 Europe PMC PMID:237493 Europe PMC PMID:241593 Europe PMC PMID:241595 Europe PMC PMID:241596 Europe PMC PMID:241597 Europe PMC PMID:241598 Europe PMC PMID:241600 Europe PMC PMID:241601 Europe PMC PMID:241602 Europe PMC PMID:241603 Europe PMC PMID:24426 Europe PMC PMID:4279126 Europe PMC PMID:509935 Europe PMC PMID:6103793 Europe PMC PMID:6106453 Europe PMC PMID:6109575 Europe PMC PMID:6120697 Europe PMC PMID:6141199 Europe PMC PMID:7853459 Europe PMC PMID:7905004 Europe PMC Reaxys:2116510 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts. CAS:20187-55-7 Drug_Central:303 PMID:1809299 PMID:2190795 PMID:3176111 PMID:3508133 PMID:3817034 PMID:4099158 PMID:4389308 PMID:5746786 PMID:8483582 PMID:8736488 Reaxys:893958 [(1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid BRN 0893958 EINECS 243-569-2 Iwazac UNII-G4AG71204O bendazac bendazaco bendazacum bendazolic acid CHEBI:31257 bendazac CAS:20187-55-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:303 DrugCentral PMID:1809299 Europe PMC PMID:2190795 Europe PMC PMID:3176111 Europe PMC PMID:3508133 Europe PMC PMID:3817034 Europe PMC PMID:4099158 Europe PMC PMID:4389308 Europe PMC PMID:5746786 Europe PMC PMID:8483582 Europe PMC PMID:8736488 Europe PMC Reaxys:893958 Reaxys CAS:2624-43-3 Drug_Central:753 Cyclofenil cyclofenyl cyclopenil cyclophenil cyclophenyl fertodur ondogyne CHEBI:31446 Cyclofenil Drug_Central:753 DrugCentral A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout. CAS:144060-53-7 DrugBank:DB04854 Drug_Central:1137 LINCS:LSM-3064 PMID:25724536 PMID:30844048 PMID:30919894 PMID:31267805 PMID:31332638 PMID:31335677 PMID:31378626 PMID:31447893 PMID:31449565 PMID:31499267 PMID:31531831 PMID:31560952 2-[3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid 2-(3-cyano-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid Adenuric Donifoxate Febuday Feburic Goturic Goutex TEI 6720 TEI-6720 TMX 67 TMX-67 Uloric Zurig febuxostat febuxostatum CHEBI:31596 febuxostat CAS:144060-53-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1137 DrugCentral PMID:25724536 Europe PMC PMID:30844048 Europe PMC PMID:30919894 Europe PMC PMID:31267805 Europe PMC PMID:31332638 Europe PMC PMID:31335677 Europe PMC PMID:31378626 Europe PMC PMID:31447893 Europe PMC PMID:31449565 Europe PMC PMID:31499267 Europe PMC PMID:31531831 Europe PMC PMID:31560952 Europe PMC A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market. Beilstein:497124 CAS:3820-67-5 Drug_Central:1297 LINCS:LSM-4419 PMID:19567678 PMID:2210868 Reaxys:497124 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2-[(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]benzoate 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl N-(7-chloro-4-quinolyl) anthranilate 4-((2-Carboxyphenyl)amino)-7-chloroquinoline alpha-monoglyceride 4-(2'-beta,gamma-Dihydroxypropoxycarbonylphenylamino)-7-chloroquinoline Glafenin Glaphenin Glaphenine Glicafan Glifan Glifanan Glycerylaminophenaquine glafenina glafenine glafeninum CHEBI:31653 glafenine Beilstein:497124 Beilstein CAS:3820-67-5 ChemIDplus CAS:3820-67-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1297 DrugCentral PMID:19567678 Europe PMC PMID:2210868 Europe PMC Reaxys:497124 Reaxys A dicarboxylic acid amide in which a parent structure of amphetamine is substituted on nitrogen by a (2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl group and on the carbon alpha to nitrogen by a (1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-{[(2S)-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)butanoyl]amino}-4-phenylbutyl group. An antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. It is used against HIV infections as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, ritonavir. C37H48N4O5 CC(C)[C@H](N1CCCNC1=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)COc1c(C)cccc1C)Cc1ccccc1 CAS:192725-17-0 DrugBank:DB01601 LINCS:LSM-6027 MeSH:D061466 (2S)-N-[(2S,4S,5S)-5-{[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino}-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)butanamide lopinavir The simplest member of the class of bromobenzenes, that is benzene in which a single hydrogen has been substituted by a bromine. A liquid at room temperature (m.p. -30degreeC; b.p.760 156degreeC), it is used as a solvent, particularly for large-scale crystallisations, and for the introduction of phenyl groups in organic synthesis. C6H5Br Brc1ccccc1 CAS:108-86-1 MetaCyc:BROMOBENZENE PMID:10996478 PMID:24318069 Reaxys:1236661 Wikipedia:Bromobenzene bromobenzene A platinum coordination entity that is a commonly used chemothrepeutic drug for treatment of colorectal cancer. CAS:61825-94-3 CAS:63121-00-6 DrugBank:DB00526 Gmelin:1046012 Gmelin:28892 LINCS:LSM-6352 PMID:11300320 PMID:14755010 PMID:15477639 PMID:17347561 PMID:18440088 PMID:19138416 PMID:19735649 PMID:27756654 PMID:28186109 PMID:28398406 PMID:28415810 PMID:28499428 PMID:28505615 PMID:28624791 PMID:28642473 PMID:28654098 PMID:28695397 PMID:28762171 PMID:28777427 PMID:28800641 PMID:28811232 PMID:28812173 PMID:28837658 PMID:28876454 PMID:28881354 PMID:28881481 PMID:28884286 PMID:28894576 PMID:28924870 PMID:28938919 Reaxys:15700099 (SP-4-2)[(1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-kappa(2)N,N'][ethanedioato(2-)-kappa(2)O(1),O(2)]platinum Oxaliplatin (SP-4-2-(1R-trans))-(1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N')(ethanedioato(2-)-O,O')platinum Eloxatin oxalato(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II) oxaliplatin oxaliplatine oxaliplatino oxaliplatinum CHEBI:31941 oxaliplatin CAS:63121-00-6 ChemIDplus Gmelin:1046012 Gmelin Gmelin:28892 Gmelin PMID:11300320 Europe PMC PMID:14755010 Europe PMC PMID:15477639 Europe PMC PMID:17347561 Europe PMC PMID:18440088 Europe PMC PMID:19138416 Europe PMC PMID:19735649 Europe PMC PMID:27756654 Europe PMC PMID:28186109 Europe PMC PMID:28398406 Europe PMC PMID:28415810 Europe PMC PMID:28499428 Europe PMC PMID:28505615 Europe PMC PMID:28624791 Europe PMC PMID:28642473 Europe PMC PMID:28654098 Europe PMC PMID:28695397 Europe PMC PMID:28762171 Europe PMC PMID:28777427 Europe PMC PMID:28800641 Europe PMC PMID:28811232 Europe PMC PMID:28812173 Europe PMC PMID:28837658 Europe PMC PMID:28876454 Europe PMC PMID:28881354 Europe PMC PMID:28881481 Europe PMC PMID:28884286 Europe PMC PMID:28894576 Europe PMC PMID:28924870 Europe PMC PMID:28938919 Europe PMC Reaxys:15700099 Reaxys A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group. C29H41NO4 [H][C@@]1(C[C@]23CC[C@]1(OC)[C@@H]1Oc4c(O)ccc5C[C@H]2N(CC[C@@]31c45)CC1CC1)[C@](C)(O)C(C)(C)C CAS:52485-79-7 DrugBank:DB00921 Wikipedia:Buprenorphine (5alpha,6beta,14beta,18R)-17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-18-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl]-6-methoxy-18,19-dihydro-4,5-epoxy-6,14-ethenomorphinan-3-ol buprenorphine CAS:150683-30-0 Drug_Central:4110 Tolvaptan OPC 41061 OPC-41061 jinarc CHEBI:32246 Tolvaptan Drug_Central:4110 DrugCentral A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne. C22H27NO2 OC(=O)CCCCCCNC1c2ccccc2CCc2ccccc12 Beilstein:2170218 CAS:57574-09-1 DrugBank:DB04836 Drug_Central:161 PMID:2131927 PMID:2141246 PMID:2698268 PMID:7609861 PMID:9347390 Reaxys:2170218 Wikipedia:Amineptine 7-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylamino)heptanoic acid Amineptin Survector amineptine amineptino amineptinum CHEBI:32499 amineptine Beilstein:2170218 Beilstein CAS:57574-09-1 ChemIDplus CAS:57574-09-1 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:161 DrugCentral PMID:2131927 Europe PMC PMID:2141246 Europe PMC PMID:2698268 Europe PMC PMID:7609861 Europe PMC PMID:9347390 Europe PMC Reaxys:2170218 Reaxys C14H14ClN3O2S Cc1cccc(Nc2cc(Cl)nc(SCC(O)=O)n2)c1C Cc1cccc(Nc2cc(Cl)nc(SCC(O)=O)n2)c1C CAS:50892-23-4 LINCS:LSM-2015 PubChem:17396608 Wikipedia:Pirinixic_Acid ({4-chloro-6-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-yl}sulfanyl)acetic acid WY14643 pirinixic acid Any monoacylglycerol phosphate obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid or derivatives therein. lysophosphatidic acids A fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any long-chain (C13 to C22) fatty acid. C22H35N7O17P3SR CC(C)(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC([*])=O PMID:10224157 PMID:14516204 PMID:16357361 PMID:17652214 LCFA-coenzyme A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA A substance that kills or slows the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is used in the treatment of tuberculosis. antitubercular antitubercular agents antitubercular drug antitubercular drugs tuberculostatic agent CHEBI:33231 antitubercular agent A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. atom chemical messenger CHEBI:33280 molecular messenger A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. PMID:12964249 PMID:22117953 PMID:22439833 PMID:22849268 PMID:22849276 PMID:22958833 Antibiotika Antibiotikum antibiotic antibiotics antibiotique antimicrobial antimicrobial agents antimicrobials microbicide microbicides CHEBI:33281 antimicrobial agent PMID:12964249 Europe PMC PMID:22117953 Europe PMC PMID:22439833 Europe PMC PMID:22849268 Europe PMC PMID:22849276 Europe PMC PMID:22958833 Europe PMC A substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. antibacterial agents antibacterials bactericide bactericides CHEBI:33282 antibacterial agent Any material that can be ingested by an organism. food role metal atom A macromolecule formed by a living organism. biomacromolecule A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. nucleic acid ribonucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. RNA ribonucleic acid A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups. Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. amino acid Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. MeSH:D000596 An N-glycosyl compound that has both a nucleobase, normally adenine, guanine, xanthine, thymine, cytosine or uracil, and either a ribose or deoxyribose as functional parents. nucleoside Organic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring. C6HOR5 C1(=C(C(=C(C(=C1*)*)*)*)*)O Wikipedia:Phenols Aryl alcohol phenols A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant. Beilstein:1246090 CAS:298-46-4 DrugBank:DB00564 Drug_Central:489 LINCS:LSM-3610 PMID:10411478 PMID:11071486 PMID:11129121 PMID:11240598 PMID:11475584 PMID:11595204 PMID:11888243 PMID:11891095 PMID:12073283 PMID:12228880 PMID:12475188 PMID:12749779 PMID:12799799 PMID:12957643 PMID:14160216 PMID:14572037 PMID:14581052 PMID:14713026 PMID:14723323 PMID:15165631 PMID:15557493 PMID:15665743 PMID:15683742 PMID:15739418 PMID:15820347 PMID:15850602 PMID:16033627 PMID:16150575 PMID:16245817 PMID:16380297 PMID:16394456 PMID:16437428 PMID:16538175 PMID:16562645 PMID:16616830 PMID:16990009 PMID:17027750 PMID:17028629 PMID:17207414 PMID:17582711 PMID:17873967 PMID:17949959 PMID:18163657 PMID:18415623 PMID:18637155 PMID:18652684 PMID:18656520 PMID:18969759 PMID:19135617 PMID:19473818 PMID:19741433 PMID:19921623 PMID:22322005 PMID:27967303 PMID:7602118 Reaxys:1246090 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide 5-Carbamoyl-5H-dibenz(b,f)azepine 5-Carbamoyl-5H-dibenzo(b,f)azepine 5-Carbamyl-5H-dibenzo(b,f)azepine 5-carbamoyl-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine 5H-Dibenz(b,f)azepine-5-carboxamide Carbamazepen Carnexiv carbamazepina carbamazepine carbamazepinum CHEBI:3387 carbamazepine Beilstein:1246090 Beilstein CAS:298-46-4 ChemIDplus CAS:298-46-4 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:489 DrugCentral PMID:10411478 ChEMBL PMID:11071486 Europe PMC PMID:11129121 Europe PMC PMID:11240598 Europe PMC PMID:11475584 Europe PMC PMID:11595204 Europe PMC PMID:11888243 Europe PMC PMID:11891095 Europe PMC PMID:12073283 Europe PMC PMID:12228880 Europe PMC PMID:12475188 Europe PMC PMID:12749779 Europe PMC PMID:12799799 Europe PMC PMID:12957643 Europe PMC PMID:14160216 Europe PMC PMID:14572037 Europe PMC PMID:14581052 Europe PMC PMID:14713026 Europe PMC PMID:14723323 Europe PMC PMID:15165631 Europe PMC PMID:15557493 Europe PMC PMID:15665743 Europe PMC PMID:15683742 Europe PMC PMID:15739418 Europe PMC PMID:15820347 Europe PMC PMID:15850602 Europe PMC PMID:16033627 Europe PMC PMID:16150575 Europe PMC PMID:16245817 Europe PMC PMID:16380297 Europe PMC PMID:16394456 Europe PMC PMID:16437428 Europe PMC PMID:16538175 Europe PMC PMID:16562645 Europe PMC PMID:16616830 Europe PMC PMID:16990009 Europe PMC PMID:17027750 Europe PMC PMID:17028629 Europe PMC PMID:17207414 Europe PMC PMID:17582711 Europe PMC PMID:17873967 Europe PMC PMID:17949959 Europe PMC PMID:18163657 Europe PMC PMID:18415623 Europe PMC PMID:18637155 Europe PMC PMID:18652684 Europe PMC PMID:18656520 Europe PMC PMID:18969759 Europe PMC PMID:19135617 Europe PMC PMID:19473818 Europe PMC PMID:19741433 Europe PMC PMID:19921623 Europe PMC PMID:22322005 Europe PMC PMID:27967303 Europe PMC PMID:7602118 Europe PMC Reaxys:1246090 Reaxys CAS:1477-19-6 Drug_Central:317 Benzarone 2-Ethyl-3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzofuran benzaron CHEBI:34559 benzarone Drug_Central:317 DrugCentral A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. C4H10N2O CCN(CC)N=O CAS:55-18-5 N-ethyl-N-nitrosoethanamine DEN Diethylnitrosamine N-nitrosodiethylamine A substance which is structurally similar to a metabolite but which competes with it or replaces it, and so prevents or reduces its normal utilization. antimetabolite antimetabolites CHEBI:35221 antimetabolite A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction. inhibitor inhibidor inhibiteur inhibitors CHEBI:35222 inhibitor A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction. catalyst Any drug that enhances the activity of the central nervous system. central nervous system stimulant CNS stimulant analeptic analeptic agent analeptic drug analeptics central stimulant CHEBI:35337 central nervous system stimulant Any of naturally occurring compounds and synthetic analogues, based on the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene carbon skeleton, partially or completely hydrogenated; there are usually methyl groups at C-10 and C-13, and often an alkyl group at C-17. By extension, one or more bond scissions, ring expansions and/or ring contractions of the skeleton may have occurred. Natural steroids are derived biogenetically from triterpenoids. SMILES: C12C(C3C(C(CC3)*)(C)CC1)CCC4C2(CCCC4)C steroids steroid Parent monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H-[CHOH]n-C(=O)[CHOH]m-H with three or more carbon atoms. The generic term 'monosaccharide' (as opposed to oligosaccharide or polysaccharide) denotes a single unit, without glycosidic connection to other such units. It includes aldoses, dialdoses, aldoketoses, ketoses and diketoses, as well as deoxy sugars, provided that the parent compound has a (potential) carbonyl group. Monosaccharide monosaccharide monosaccharides monosaccharide A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases. anti-infective agents anti-infective drugs antiinfective agents antiinfective drug CHEBI:35441 antiinfective agent A substance used to treat or prevent parasitic infections. antiparasitic drugs antiparasitics parasiticides CHEBI:35442 antiparasitic agent Substance intended to kill parasitic worms (helminths). anthelminthic anthelminthics anthelmintic anthelmintics antihelminth antihelmintico vermifuge CHEBI:35443 anthelminthic drug A substance used in the treatment or control of nematode infestations. antinematodal agent antinematodal drugs antinematodals CHEBI:35444 antinematodal drug Antidepressants are mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. antidepressant drugs antidepressants thymoanaleptics thymoleptic drugs thymoleptics CHEBI:35469 antidepressant A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms involving the central nervous system. CNS agent CNS drugs central nervous system agents CHEBI:35470 central nervous system drug A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function. Wikipedia:Psychotropic_drug psychoactive agent psychoactive drugs psychopharmaceuticals psychotropic drugs CHEBI:35471 psychotropic drug A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation. anti-inflammatory drugs antiinflammatory agent antiinflammatory drug antiinflammatory drugs CHEBI:35472 anti-inflammatory drug A traditional grouping of drugs said to have a soothing or calming effect on mood, thought or behaviour. ataractics tranquilising drug tranquilizing drugs tranquillising agent tranquillizing agents CHEBI:35473 tranquilizing drug Anxiolytic drugs are agents that alleviate anxiety, tension, and anxiety disorders, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. anti-anxiety agents anti-anxiety drugs anxiolytic agents anxiolytics minor tranquilisers minor tranquilizers minor tranquilizing agents CHEBI:35474 anxiolytic drug An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Wikipedia:Non-steroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug NSAID NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs CHEBI:35475 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Antipsychotic drugs are agents that control agitated psychotic behaviour, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. Neuroleptikum antipsychotic agents antipsychotic drug antipsychotic drugs antipsychotics antipsychotiques grosser Tranquilizer major tranquilizers major tranquilizing agents neuroleptic neuroleptic agents neuroleptics neuroleptique neuroleptiques CHEBI:35476 antipsychotic agent Antimanic drugs are agents used to treat bipolar disorders or mania associated with other affective disorders. antimanic agent antimanic drugs antimanics CHEBI:35477 antimanic drug An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms. CHEBI:35480 analgesic A drug that has principally analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions. Non-narcotic analgesics do not bind to opioid receptors. CHEBI:35481 non-narcotic analgesic An EC 1.2.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)), EC 1.2.1.3. CoA-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor CoA-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors EC 1.2.1.3 (aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))) inhibitor EC 1.2.1.3 (aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))) inhibitors EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitors EC 1.2.1.3 inhibitor EC 1.2.1.3 inhibitors NAD-aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor NAD-aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors NAD-dependent 4-hydroxynonenal dehydrogenase inhibitor NAD-dependent 4-hydroxynonenal dehydrogenase inhibitors NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors NAD-linked aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor NAD-linked aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) (EC 1.2.1.3) inhibitor aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) (EC 1.2.1.3) inhibitors aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) inhibitor aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) inhibitors aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) inhibitor aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) inhibitors aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors m-methylbenzaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor m-methylbenzaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors propionaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor propionaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors CHEBI:35487 EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to reduce the activity of the central nervous system. CNS depressants central nervous system depressants CHEBI:35488 central nervous system depressant A drug that prevents or reduces fever by lowering the body temperature from a raised state. An antipyretic will not affect the normal body temperature if one does not have fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature. The body will then work to lower the temperature and the result is a reduction in fever. anti-pyretic CHEBI:35493 antipyretic A compound which inhibits or antagonises the biosynthesis or actions of androgens. antiandrogen CHEBI:35497 androgen antagonist An agent that promotes the excretion of urine through its effects on kidney function. diuretics CHEBI:35498 diuretic A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. antidiabetic antihyperglycemic antihyperglycemic agent antihyperglycemic agents antihyperglycemic drug antihyperglycemic drugs antihyperglycemics hypoglycemic agents hypoglycemic drug hypoglycemic drugs CHEBI:35526 hypoglycemic agent An agent that binds to but does not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous beta-adrenergic agonists. beta-Adrenergic antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches and anxiety. beta-adrenergic antagonists beta-adrenergic blocker beta-adrenergic blockers beta-adrenergic receptor blockaders beta-adrenoceptor antagonists beta-blocker beta-blockers CHEBI:35530 beta-adrenergic antagonist A compound or agent that combines with cyclooxygenases (EC 1.14.99.1) and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of icosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitor (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitors (PG)H synthase inhibitor (PG)H synthase inhibitors COX inhibitor EC 1.14.99.1 (cyclooxygenase) inhibitor EC 1.14.99.1 (cyclooxygenase) inhibitors EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitors EC 1.14.99.1 inhibitor EC 1.14.99.1 inhibitors PG synthetase inhibitor PG synthetase inhibitors cyclooxygenase (EC 1.14.99.1) inhibitor cyclooxygenase (EC 1.14.99.1) inhibitors cyclooxygenase inhibitor cyclooxygenase inhibitors fatty acid cyclooxygenase inhibitor fatty acid cyclooxygenase inhibitors prostaglandin G/H synthase inhibitor prostaglandin G/H synthase inhibitors prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase inhibitor prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase inhibitors prostaglandin synthase inhibitor prostaglandin synthase inhibitors prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors CHEBI:35544 EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated octanoic acid. C8HF15O2 OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CAS:335-67-1 Wikipedia:Perfluorooctanoic_acid PFOA pentadecafluorooctanoic acid perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoic acid Perhexiline (Pexsig) is a prophylactic antianginal agent used primarily in Australia and New Zealand. Perhexiline is thought to act by inhibiting mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1. (by Wikipedia) C19H35N C1CCC(CC1)C(CC1CCCCN1)C1CCCCC1 Beilstein:4979856 CAS:6621-47-2 DrugBank:DB01074 Drug_Central:2106 LINCS:LSM-4353 Wikipedia:Perhexiline 2-(2,2-dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine Perhexiline Perhexilene CHEBI:35553 perhexiline Beilstein:4979856 Beilstein CAS:6621-47-2 ChemIDplus CAS:6621-47-2 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2106 DrugCentral A drug that affects the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter or blood volume. cardiovascular agent cardiovascular drugs CHEBI:35554 cardiovascular drug An agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors. alpha-adrenergic agonists alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist alpha-adrenoceptor agonists CHEBI:35569 alpha-adrenergic agonist C9H14O CC(C)=CC(=O)C=C(C)C CAS:504-20-1 2,6-dimethylhepta-2,5-dien-4-one phorone A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. anticancer agent anticancer agents antineoplastic antineoplastic agents cytostatic CHEBI:35610 antineoplastic agent A drug used to cause dilation of the blood vessels. vasodilator vasodilator agents CHEBI:35620 vasodilator agent A drug used to prevent seizures or reduce their severity. Antiepileptika Antiepileptikum Antikonvulsiva Antikonvulsivum anti-convulsant anti-convulsants anti-convulsive agent anti-convulsive agents anticonvulsants anticonvulsive agent anticonvulsive agents antiepileptic antiepileptics antiepileptique antiepileptiques CHEBI:35623 anticonvulsant An EC 1.17.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2). EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitors EC 1.17.3.2 inhibitor EC 1.17.3.2 inhibitors Schardinger enzyme inhibitor Schardinger enzyme inhibitors hypoxanthine oxidase inhibitor hypoxanthine oxidase inhibitors hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase inhibitor hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase inhibitors hypoxanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitor hypoxanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitors xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2) inhibitor xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2) inhibitors xanthine oxidase inhibitor xanthine oxidase inhibitors xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors xanthine:O2 oxidoreductase inhibitor xanthine:O2 oxidoreductase inhibitors xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitor xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitors xanthine:xanthine oxidase inhibitor xanthine:xanthine oxidase inhibitors CHEBI:35634 EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor Adrenergic uptake inhibitors are drugs that block the transport of adrenergic transmitters into axon terminals or into storage vesicles within terminals. The tricyclic antidepressants and amphetamines are among the therapeutically important drugs that may act via inhibition of adrenergic transport. Many of these drugs also block transport of serotonin. ARI NERI NRI adrenergic reuptake inhibitor adrenergic reuptake inhibitors adrenergic uptake inhibitors norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors CHEBI:35640 adrenergic uptake inhibitor An inhibitor of HIV protease, an enzyme required for production of proteins needed for viral assembly. Wikipedia:Protease_inhibitor_(pharmacology) HIV protease inhibitors CHEBI:35660 HIV protease inhibitor Any drug used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular hypertension regardless of pharmacological mechanism. antihypertensive antihypertensive agents antihypertensive drug antihypertensive drugs CHEBI:35674 antihypertensive agent A substance used to treat hyperlipidemia (an excess of lipids in the blood). antihyperlipemic antihyperlipemics antihyperlipidemic antihyperlipidemic agent antihyperlipidemic agents antihyperlipidemic drug antihyperlipidemic drugs antihyperlipidemics antilipemic antilipemic drugs antilipemics hypolipidemic agent hypolipidemic agents CHEBI:35679 antilipemic drug A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means. Wikipedia:Xenobiotic Xenobiotic xenobiotic xenobiotics xenobiotic compounds CHEBI:35703 xenobiotic xenobiotics IUPAC An agent that suppresses immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-cells or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. In addition, an immunosuppressive agent is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to diminish the extent and/or voracity of an immune response. immunosuppressant immunosuppressive agents inmunosupresor CHEBI:35705 immunosuppressive agent A central nervous system depressant used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety. hypnotics hypnotics and sedatives sedative drug sedatives sedatives and hypnotics CHEBI:35717 sedative An antimicrobial agent that destroys fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. antifungal antifungal agents antifungal drug antifungal drugs antifungals CHEBI:35718 antifungal agent Any member of the group of lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acid-derived group is attached. IMR:0001382 glycerolipid glycerophosphoserine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IMR_0001383 sphingophospholipid phosphosphingolipid A substance that suppresses Mycobacterium leprae, ameliorates the clinical manifestations of leprosy, and/or reduces the incidence and severity of leprous reactions. leprostatic leprostatic agent leprostatic drugs CHEBI:35816 leprostatic drug Any antimicrobial drug which is used to treat or prevent protozoal infections. antiprotozoal agent antiprotozoal agents antiprotozoal drugs CHEBI:35820 antiprotozoal drug A substance used to lower plasma cholesterol levels. anticholesteremic drug A gout suppressant that acts directly on the renal tubule to increase the excretion of uric acid, thus reducing its concentrations in plasma. uricosuric agent uricosuric drugs CHEBI:35841 uricosuric drug A drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. anti-rheumatic drugs antirheumatic agent antirheumatic drugs CHEBI:35842 antirheumatic drug A drug that increases uric acid excretion by the kidney (uricosuric drug), decreases uric acid production (antihyperuricemic), or alleviates the pain and inflammation of acute attacks of gout. gout suppressants CHEBI:35845 gout suppressant A drug used for its effect on the kidneys' regulation of body fluid composition and volume. renal agents CHEBI:35846 renal agent A compound or agent that combines with lipoxygenase and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of the icosanoid products hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and various leukotrienes. lipooxygenase inhibitor lipoxygenase inhibitors CHEBI:35856 lipoxygenase inhibitor A substance used for its pharmacological action on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function. neurotransmitter agents CHEBI:35942 neurotransmitter agent A drug used to treat or prevent microbial infections. antimicrobial drugs CHEBI:36043 antimicrobial drug A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of virus diseases. anti-viral drug anti-virus drug antiviral drugs CHEBI:36044 antiviral drug A drug used to treat or prevent bacterial infections. Wikipedia:Antibacterial antibacterial drugs CHEBI:36047 antibacterial drug An amino acid chain that is produced de novo by ribosome-mediated translation of a genetically-encoded mRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions. Beilstein:23033 CAS:80-77-3 DrugBank:DB01178 Drug_Central:603 LINCS:LSM-4356 PMID:10191862 PMID:10412893 PMID:10798243 PMID:15897685 PMID:29438107 PMID:3449070 PMID:3720548 PMID:3768082 PMID:6403110 PMID:7104168 PMID:7758315 PMID:9770210 Reaxys:23033 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1,3-thiazinan-4-one 1,1-dioxide (+-)-chlormezanone 2-(p-chlorophenyl)tetrahydro-3-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazin-4-one 1,1-dioxide 2-(p-chlorphenyl)-3-methyl-1,3-perhydrothiazin-4-on-1,1-dioxide chlormethazanone chlormezanona chlormezanone chlormezanonum CHEBI:3619 chlormezanone Beilstein:23033 Beilstein CAS:80-77-3 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:603 DrugCentral PMID:10191862 Europe PMC PMID:10412893 Europe PMC PMID:10798243 Europe PMC PMID:15897685 Europe PMC PMID:29438107 Europe PMC PMID:3449070 Europe PMC PMID:3720548 Europe PMC PMID:3768082 Europe PMC PMID:6403110 Europe PMC PMID:7104168 Europe PMC PMID:7758315 Europe PMC PMID:9770210 Europe PMC Reaxys:23033 Reaxys glycerophosphoethanolamine Any glycerophospholipid having the polar alcohol inositol esterified to the phosphate group at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone. PMID:14706866 glycerophosphoinositols glycerophosphoinositol A drug used to treat or prevent infections caused by protozoal organisms belonging to the suborder Trypanosomatida. antitrypanosomal agent antitrypanosomal agents antitrypanosomal drug antitrypanosomal drugs trypanocidal drugs trypanocide trypanosomicidal agents CHEBI:36335 trypanocidal drug Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. polyatomic entity An organochlorine compound comprising acetic acid carrying two chloro substituents at the 2-position. It occurs in nature in seaweed, Asparagopsis taxiformis. C2H2Cl2O2 OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl CAS:79-43-6 Wikipedia:Dichloroacetic_acid dichloroacetic acid A compound which stimulates anabolism and inhibits catabolism. Anabolic agents stimulate the development of muscle mass, strength, and power. CHEBI:36413 anabolic agent A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. C17H19ClN2S CN(C)CCCN1c2ccccc2Sc2ccc(Cl)cc12 CAS:50-53-3 DrugBank:DB00477 LINCS:LSM-4017 3-(2-chloro-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine chlorpromazine A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. Beilstein:638882 CAS:95-25-0 DrugBank:DB00356 Drug_Central:626 LINCS:LSM-6011 PMID:10640318 PMID:11727787 PMID:12437348 PMID:16763012 PMID:16859676 PMID:17621748 PMID:21195386 PMID:23975871 PMID:24210069 PMID:25815637 PMID:6631711 Reaxys:638882 5-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol CHLORZOXAZONE Chlorzoxazone 2-hydroxy-5-chlorobenzoxazole 5-chloro-2(3H)-benzoxazolone 5-chloro-2-benzoxazolinone 5-chloro-2-benzoxazolol 5-chloro-2-benzoxazolone 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoxazole 5-chlorobenzoxazolidone 5-chlorobenzoxazolin-2-one chlorzoxane chlorzoxazona chlorzoxazone chlorzoxazonum CHEBI:3655 chlorzoxazone Beilstein:638882 Beilstein CAS:95-25-0 ChemIDplus CAS:95-25-0 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:626 DrugCentral PMID:10640318 Europe PMC PMID:11727787 Europe PMC PMID:12437348 Europe PMC PMID:16763012 Europe PMC PMID:16859676 Europe PMC PMID:17621748 Europe PMC PMID:21195386 Europe PMC PMID:23975871 Europe PMC PMID:24210069 Europe PMC PMID:25815637 Europe PMC PMID:6631711 Europe PMC Reaxys:638882 Reaxys phosphoethanolamine An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors. Beilstein:7960555 CAS:206361-99-1 DrugBank:DB01264 Drug_Central:4143 PMID:15771427 PMID:16480273 PMID:25017682 Reaxys:7960555 (3R,3aS,6aR)-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-3-yl [(2S,3R)-4-{[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](2-methylpropyl)amino}-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]carbamate Darunavir (3R,3AS,6AR)-HEXAHYDROFURO[2,3-B]FURAN-3-YL(1S,2R)-3-[[(4-AMINOPHENYL)SULFONYL](ISOBUTYL)AMINO]-1-BENZYL-2-HYDROXYPROPYLCARBAMATE (3R,3aS,6aR)-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-3-yl N-((1S,2R)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-3-(N(1)-isobutylsulfanilamido)propyl)carbamate (3R,3aS,6aR)-tetrahydro-2H-furo[2,3-b]furan-3-yl (2S,3R)-4-(4-amino-N-isobutylphenylsulfonamido)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylcarbamate (3R,3aS,6aR)-tetrahydro-2H-furo[2,3-b]furan-3-yl (2S,3R)-4-(4-amino-N-neopentylphenylsulfonamido)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylcarbamate N-((1S,2R)-3-(((4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl)(2-methylpropyl)amino)-2-hydroxy-1-benzylpropyl)((1S,2R,5R)-4,6-dioxabicyclo(3.3.0)oct-2-yloxy)carboxamide TMC114 [(S)-3-[(4-Amino-benzenesulfonyl)-isobutyl-amino]-2-hydroxy-1-((R)-phenylmethyl)-propyl]-carbamic acid (3R,3aS,6aR)-(hexahydro-furo[2,3-b]furan-3-yl) ester darunavir darunavirum {(1S,2R)-3-[(4-Amino-benzenesulfonyl)-isobutyl-amino]-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-propyl}-carbamic acid (3R,3aS,6aR)-(hexahydro-furo[2,3-b]furan-3-yl) ester CHEBI:367163 darunavir Beilstein:7960555 Beilstein CAS:206361-99-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:4143 DrugCentral PMID:15771427 ChEMBL PMID:16480273 ChEMBL PMID:25017682 Europe PMC Reaxys:7960555 Reaxys Beilstein:8842375 CAS:116539-58-3 PMID:20825390 N-methyl-3-(naphthalen-1-yloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propan-1-amine N-methyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propan-1-amine CHEBI:36796 duloxetine Beilstein:8842375 Beilstein CAS:116539-58-3 ChemIDplus PMID:20825390 Europe PMC A nucleotide is a nucleoside phosphate resulting from the condensation of the 3 or 5 hydroxy group of a nucleoside with phosphoric acid. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides can carry chemical energy (e.g. ATP), form coenzymes (e.g. CoA), be used as specific signaling molecules (e.g. cAMP) in the cell. Nucleotides are the subunits of the nucleic acids. IMR:0001349 nucleotide A nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides can carry chemical energy (e.g. ATP), form coenzymes (e.g. CoA), be used as specific signaling molecules (e.g. cAMP) in the cell. Nucleotides are the subunits of the nucleic acids. ISBN:0815340729 Any EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of phosphoprotein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16). 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzymeA reductase phosphatase inhibitor 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzymeA reductase phosphatase inhibitors Aspergillus awamori acid protein phosphatase inhibitor Aspergillus awamori acid protein phosphatase inhibitors BCKDH phosphatase inhibitor BCKDH phosphatase inhibitors EC 3.1.3.16 (protein serine/threonine phosphatase) inhibitors EC 3.1.3.16 inhibitor EC 3.1.3.16 inhibitors HMG-CoA reductase phosphatase inhibitor HMG-CoA reductase phosphatase inhibitors branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase inhibitor branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase inhibitors calcineurin inhibitor calcineurin inhibitors casein phosphatase inhibitor casein phosphatase inhibitors phosphatase 2A inhibitor phosphatase 2A inhibitors phosphatase 2B inhibitor phosphatase 2B inhibitors phosphatase C-II inhibitor phosphatase C-II inhibitors phosphatase H-II inhibitor phosphatase H-II inhibitors phosphatase I inhibitor phosphatase I inhibitors phosphatase IB inhibitor phosphatase IB inhibitors phosphatase II inhibitor phosphatase II inhibitors phosphatase III inhibitor phosphatase III inhibitors phosphatase IV inhibitor phosphatase IV inhibitors phosphatase SP inhibitor phosphatase SP inhibitors phosphoprotein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16) inhibitor phosphoprotein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16) inhibitors phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitor phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitors phosphoprotein phosphohydrolase inhibitor phosphoprotein phosphohydrolase inhibitors phosphopyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase inhibitor phosphopyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase inhibitors phosphospectrin phosphatase inhibitor phosphospectrin phosphatase inhibitors polycation modulated (PCM-) phosphatase inhibitor polycation modulated (PCM-) phosphatase inhibitors protein D phosphatase inhibitor protein D phosphatase inhibitors protein phosphatase inhibitor protein phosphatase inhibitors protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor protein phosphatase-1 inhibitors protein phosphatase-2A inhibitor protein phosphatase-2A inhibitors protein phosphatase-2B inhibitor protein phosphatase-2B inhibitors protein phosphatase-2C inhibitor protein phosphatase-2C inhibitors protein serine/threonine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16) inhibitors protein serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor protein serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase inhibitor serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase inhibitors CHEBI:37153 EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis. Beilstein:3581974 CAS:81103-11-9 DrugBank:DB01211 Drug_Central:668 LINCS:LSM-5606 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPK04000014 PMID:16387493 Reaxys:3581974 CLARITHROMYCIN Clarithromycin O(6)-methylerythromycin 6-O-methylerythromycin 6-O-methylerythromycin A CLA clarithromycin clarithromycina clarithromycine clarithromycinum CHEBI:3732 clarithromycin Beilstein:3581974 Beilstein CAS:81103-11-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:668 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPK04000014 LIPID MAPS PMID:16387493 ChEMBL Reaxys:3581974 Reaxys phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate The ethyl ester of clofibric acid. C12H15ClO3 CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 LINCS:LSM-2996 Open TG-Gates compound_id:00006 Wikipedia:Clofibrate ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate clofibrate An acid is a molecular entity capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid). acid A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1 Sphingolipid mediators, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), ceramide, and sphingosine are derived by the enzymatic breakdown of sphingomyelin, an abundant membrane phospholipid. S1P is an evolutionarily conserved bioactive lipid mediator with potent effects on multiple organ systems. IMR:0100179 S1P sphingosine-1-phosphate Sphingolipid mediators, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), ceramide, and sphingosine are derived by the enzymatic breakdown of sphingomyelin, an abundant membrane phospholipid. S1P is an evolutionarily conserved bioactive lipid mediator with potent effects on multiple organ systems. PMID:15059942 An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any fatty acid. C22H35N7O17P3SR CC(C)(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC([*])=O PMID:11524729 PMID:20442897 PMID:2079609 fatty acyl-CoA A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia. Beilstein:0764984 CAS:5786-21-0 DrugBank:DB00363 Drug_Central:722 PMID:18690109 PMID:18766167 PMID:20825390 PMID:24219174 Reaxys:764984 8-chloro-11-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine Clozapine Clozapin clozapina clozapine clozapinum CHEBI:3766 clozapine Beilstein:0764984 Beilstein CAS:5786-21-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:722 DrugCentral PMID:18690109 Europe PMC PMID:18766167 Europe PMC PMID:20825390 Europe PMC PMID:24219174 Europe PMC Reaxys:764984 Reaxys A compound which inhibits or antagonizes the biosynthesis or actions of proteases (endopeptidases). protease inhibitors CHEBI:37670 protease inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of protein kinases. protein kinase inhibitors CHEBI:37699 protein kinase inhibitor An EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of protein kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13). ATP:protein phosphotransferase (diacylglycerol-dependent) inhibitor ATP:protein phosphotransferase (diacylglycerol-dependent) inhibitors EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitors EC 2.7.11.13 inhibitor EC 2.7.11.13 inhibitors PKC inhibitor PKC inhibitors PKCalpha inhibitor PKCalpha inhibitors PKCbeta inhibitor PKCbeta inhibitors PKCdelta inhibitor PKCdelta inhibitors PKCepsilon inhibitor PKCepsilon inhibitors PKCgamma inhibitor PKCgamma inhibitors PKCzeta inhibitor PKCzeta inhibitors PKN3 inhibitor PKN3 inhibitors Pkc1p inhibitor Pkc1p inhibitors STK24 inhibitor STK24 inhibitors cPKC inhibitor cPKC inhibitors cPKCalpha inhibitor cPKCalpha inhibitors cPKCbeta inhibitor cPKCbeta inhibitors cPKCgamma inhibitor cPKCgamma inhibitors calcium-dependent protein kinase C inhibitor calcium-dependent protein kinase C inhibitors calcium-independent protein kinase C inhibitor calcium-independent protein kinase C inhibitors calcium/phospholipid dependent protein kinase inhibitor calcium/phospholipid dependent protein kinase inhibitors nPKC inhibitor nPKC inhibitors nPKCdelta inhibitor nPKCdelta inhibitors nPKCepsilon inhibitor nPKCepsilon inhibitors nPKCeta inhibitor nPKCeta inhibitors nPKCtheta inhibitor nPKCtheta inhibitors protein kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13) inhibitor protein kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13) inhibitors protein kinase C inhibitor protein kinase C inhibitors protein kinase Cepsilon inhibitor protein kinase Cepsilon inhibitors CHEBI:37700 EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8). BChE inhibitor BChE inhibitors BtChoEase inhibitor BtChoEase inhibitors EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitors EC 3.1.1.8 inhibitor EC 3.1.1.8 inhibitors anticholineesterase inhibitor anticholineesterase inhibitors anticholinesterase anticholinesterases benzoylcholinesterase inhibitor benzoylcholinesterase inhibitors butyrylcholine esterase inhibitor butyrylcholine esterase inhibitors butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors choline esterase II (unspecific) inhibitor choline esterase II (unspecific) inhibitors choline esterase inhibitor choline esterase inhibitors cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) inhibitor cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) inhibitors cholinesterase inhibitor non-specific cholinesterase inhibitor non-specific cholinesterase inhibitors propionylcholinesterase inhibitor propionylcholinesterase inhibitors pseudocholinesterase inhibitor pseudocholinesterase inhibitors CHEBI:37733 EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor phosphoric ester Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone. PMID:17393491 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IMR_0001384 phosphatide phosphoglyceride glycerophospholipid Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone. CHEBI:37739 A hormone that specifically regulates growth. CAS:9002-72-6 growth hormone An agent that selectively binds to and activates adrenergic receptors. adrenergic agonists adrenergic receptor agonist adrenoceptor agonists adrenomimetic adrenomimetics CHEBI:37886 adrenergic agonist An agent that binds to but does not activate adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous adrenergic agonists. adrenergic antagonists adrenergic blockaders adrenergic blocker adrenergic blockers adrenergic receptor blockaders adrenoceptor antagonists CHEBI:37887 adrenergic antagonist An agent that binds to but does not activate alpha-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous alpha-adrenergic agonists. alpha-Adrenergic antagonists are used in the treatment of hypertension, vasospasm, peripheral vascular disease, shock, and pheochromocytoma. alpha-adrenergic antagonists alpha-adrenergic blocker alpha-adrenergic blockers alpha-adrenergic receptor blockaders alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists CHEBI:37890 alpha-adrenergic antagonist A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). COC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)[C@@H](O)CN(Cc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccccn1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C CAS:198904-31-3 DrugBank:DB01072 Wikipedia:Atazanavir dimethyl (3S,8S,9S,12S)-9-benzyl-3,12-di-tert-butyl-8-hydroxy-4,11-dioxo-6-[4-(2-pyridyl)benzyl]-2,5,6,10,13-pentaazatetradecanedioate atazanavir Histamine antagonists are the drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists. PMID:22035879 antihistamine antihistamines antihistaminico antihistaminics histamine receptor blocker histamine receptor blockers CHEBI:37956 histamine antagonist PMID:22035879 Europe PMC Drugs used for their actions on histaminergic systems. histamine agents histamine drugs histaminergic agent histaminergic agents histaminergic drugs CHEBI:37957 histaminergic drug Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter. adrenergic agents adrenergic drug adrenergic drugs adrenergic neuron agents adrenergics CHEBI:37962 adrenergic agent A drug used in the treatment of malaria. Antimalarials are usually classified on the basis of their action against Plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human. antimalarials CHEBI:38068 antimalarial A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. antiarrhythmic agent CHEBI:38070 anti-arrhythmia drug A drug that has a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. cardiotonic drug iron chelating agents iron chelators CHEBI:38157 iron chelator A ligand with two or more separate binding sites that can bind to a single metallic central atom, forming a chelate. Chelating agent Metal chelator chelating agents chelators complexon CHEBI:38161 chelator A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of methapyrilene. C14H19N3S.ClH C14H20ClN3S Cl.CN(C)CCN(Cc1cccs1)c1ccccn1 CAS:135-23-9 DrugBank:DB04819 N,N-dimethyl-N'-pyridin-2-yl-N'-[(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]ethane-1,2-diamine hydrochloride Methapyrilene hydrochloride A member of the class of phhenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups. C9H11ClN2O CN(C)C(=O)Nc1ccc(Cl)cc1 CAS:150-68-5 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea Monuron One of a class of drugs that acts by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cell membranes or on the release and binding of calcium in intracellular pools. calcium channel antagonist calcium channel antagonists calcium channel blockers CHEBI:38215 calcium channel blocker A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol. C34H59NO15 CCCC[C@H]([C@H]([C@H](C[C@H](C[C@@H](CCCC[C@H](C[C@@H]([C@H](C)N)O)O)O)C)OC(C[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)=O)OC(=O)C[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)O)C CAS:116355-83-0 (2R,2'R)-2,2'-{[(5R,6R,7S,9S,11R,16R,18S,19S)-19-amino-11,16,18-trihydroxy-5,9-dimethylicosane-6,7-diyl]bis[oxy(2-oxoethane-2,1-diyl)]}dibutanedioic acid fumonisin B1 Any inhibitor of a DNA polymerase. CHEBI:38234 DNA polymerase inhibitor Any drug used for its actions on cholinergic systems. Included here are agonists and antagonists, drugs that affect the life cycle of acetylcholine, and drugs that affect the survival of cholinergic neurons. cholinergic agent cholinergic drugs cholinomimetic CHEBI:38323 cholinergic drug An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor role acetylcholinesterase inhibitor role A role played by the entity that inhibits the electron-transport chain CHEBI:38496 electron-transport chain inhibitor A role played by the entity that inhibits the respiratory-chain. CHEBI:38497 respiratory-chain inhibitor A respiratory-chain inhibitor that interferes with the action of the the enzyme NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating), EC 1.6.5.3. DPNH-coenzyme Q reductase inhibitor DPNH-ubiquinone reductase inhibitor EC 1.6.5.3 (NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating)) inhibitor EC 1.6.5.3 (NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating)) inhibitors EC 1.6.5.3 [NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating)] inhibitors EC 1.6.5.3 inhibitor EC 1.6.5.3 inhibitors NADH coenzyme Q1 reductase inhibitor NADH coenzyme Q1 reductase inhibitors NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) inhibitor NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) inhibitors NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase inhibitor NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase inhibitors NADH-CoQ reductase inhibitor NADH-CoQ reductase inhibitors NADH-Q6 oxidoreductase inhibitor NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase inhibitors NADH-coenzyme Q reductase inhibitor NADH-coenzyme Q reductase inhibitors NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitor NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitors NADH-ubiquinone reductase inhibitor NADH-ubiquinone reductase inhibitors NADH-ubiquinone-1 reductase inhibitor NADH-ubiquinone-1 reductase inhibitors NADH2 dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) inhibitor NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex inhibitor NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitor NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitors NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating) inhibitor NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating) inhibitors NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H+-translocating) inhibitor NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor coenzyme Q reductase complex 1 dehydrogenase inhibitor complex I (NADH:Q1 oxidoreductase) inhibitors complex I (electron transport chain) inhibitors complex I (mitochondrial electron transport) inhibitors dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-coenzyme Q reductase inhibitor electron transfer complex I inhibitor electron transfer complex I inhibitors mitochondrial electron transport complex 1 inhibitor mitochondrial electron transport complex I inhibitor mitochondrial electron transport complex I inhibitors reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-coenzyme Q reductase inhibitor reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-coenzyme Q reductase inhibitors type 1 dehydrogenase inhibitor type 1 dehydrogenase inhibitors ubiquinone reductase inhibitor ubiquinone reductase inhibitors CHEBI:38503 EC 1.6.5.3 [NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating)] inhibitor Any agent that affects the transport of molecular entities across a biological membrane. membrane transport modulators CHEBI:38632 membrane transport modulator An agent that inhibits sodium influx through cell membranes. Na channel blocker sodium channel blockers CHEBI:38633 sodium channel blocker Any protein kinase inhibitor that interferes with the action of tyrosine kinase. TKI inhibitor TKI inhibitors protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors tyrosine kinase inhibitors tyrphostin tyrphostins CHEBI:38637 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Agents that increase calcium influx into calcium channels of excitable tissues. calcium channel activator calcium channel agonist A membrane transport modulator that is able to regulate intracellular calcium levels. calcium channel modulators CHEBI:38808 calcium channel modulator RyR modulator ryanodine receptor modulator CAS:557795-19-4 DrugBank:DB01268 Drug_Central:2544 PMID:12531805 PMID:16845442 PMID:16916320 PMID:17327610 PMID:17962201 PMID:18971320 PMID:19830602 PMID:20406969 PMID:21792888 PMID:24188025 PMID:24393200 PMID:24402960 PMID:24403097 PMID:24521256 N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-5-[(Z)-(5-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide Sunitinib SU-11248 Sutent sunitinib sunitinibum CHEBI:38940 sunitinib CAS:557795-19-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2544 DrugCentral PMID:12531805 Europe PMC PMID:16845442 Europe PMC PMID:16916320 Europe PMC PMID:17327610 Europe PMC PMID:17962201 Europe PMC PMID:18971320 Europe PMC PMID:19830602 Europe PMC PMID:20406969 Europe PMC PMID:21792888 Europe PMC PMID:24188025 Europe PMC PMID:24393200 Europe PMC PMID:24402960 Europe PMC PMID:24403097 Europe PMC PMID:24521256 Europe PMC sodium channel modulators CHEBI:39000 sodium channel modulator A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. They are synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). HDL high-density lipoprotein A class of lipoproteins of large size (30-80 nm), very low density (0.93-1.006 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of triglycerides and a surface monolayer of phospholipids and cholesterol into which are imbedded the apolipoproteins B, E, and C. VLDL facilitate the transport of endogenously made triglycerides to extrahepatic tissues. VLDL very-low-density lipoproteins very-low-density lipoprotein The active insecticidal constituents of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium flowers. CAS:8003-34-7 pyrethrins calcium cation A calcium cation that has formula Ca. Ca(2+) Ca++ Ca2+ calcium(2+) calcium ion A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is a member of the drug class known as statins, used primarily for lowering blood cholesterol and for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Beilstein:8373630 CAS:134523-00-5 DrugBank:DB01076 Drug_Central:257 LINCS:LSM-5771 PMID:11693468 PMID:15012735 PMID:18720283 Reaxys:8373630 (3R,5R)-7-[3-(anilinocarbonyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid Atorvastatin (R-(R*,R*))-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-beta,delta-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-1H-pyrrole-1-heptanoic acid 7-[2-(4-FLUORO-PHENYL)-5-ISOPROPYL-3-PHENYL-4-PHENYLCARBAMOYL-PYRROL-1-YL]-3,5-DIHYDROXY-HEPTANOIC ACID Atorlip atorvastatin atorvastatina atorvastatine atorvastatinum CHEBI:39548 atorvastatin Beilstein:8373630 Beilstein CAS:134523-00-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:257 DrugCentral PMID:11693468 Europe PMC PMID:15012735 Europe PMC PMID:18720283 Europe PMC Reaxys:8373630 Reaxys An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position. CAS:22494-42-4 DrugBank:DB00861 Drug_Central:880 LINCS:LSM-2490 PMID:23144359 PMID:23416065 PMID:28166217 Reaxys:2654431 2',4'-difluoro-4-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid Diflunisal 2',4'-difluoro-4-hydroxy-3-biphenylcarboxylic acid 2-(hydroxy)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)benzoic acid 5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)salicylic acid Dolobid CHEBI:39669 diflunisal CAS:22494-42-4 ChemIDplus CAS:22494-42-4 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:880 DrugCentral PMID:23144359 Europe PMC PMID:23416065 Europe PMC PMID:28166217 Europe PMC Reaxys:2654431 Reaxys A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem. C8H16O2 CCCC(CCC)C(O)=O Beilstein:1750447 CAS:99-66-1 DrugBank:DB00313 Drug_Central:2803 LINCS:LSM-4620 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMFA01020291 PMID:11716839 PMID:12475192 PMID:15124690 PMID:15560954 PMID:15578701 PMID:16496131 PMID:16621443 PMID:16759735 PMID:17156483 PMID:17273758 PMID:19280426 PMID:19318486 PMID:23792104 PMID:23810771 PMID:23949302 PMID:24135375 PMID:24200999 PMID:24348849 PMID:8558327 PMID:8681902 Reaxys:1750447 Wikipedia:Valproic_Acid 2-propylpentanoic acid VALPROIC ACID 2-PROPYL-PENTANOIC ACID 2-n-propyl-n-valeric acid 2-propylpentanoic acid 2-propylvaleric acid 4-heptanecarboxylic acid DPA Depakene Di-n-propylessigsaeure VPA Valproinsaeure acide valproique acido valproico acidum valproicum di-n-propylacetic acid dipropylacetic acid n-DPA valproic acid CHEBI:39867 valproic acid Beilstein:1750447 ChemIDplus CAS:99-66-1 ChemIDplus CAS:99-66-1 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2803 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMFA01020291 LIPID MAPS PMID:11716839 Europe PMC PMID:12475192 Europe PMC PMID:15124690 Europe PMC PMID:15560954 Europe PMC PMID:15578701 Europe PMC PMID:16496131 Europe PMC PMID:16621443 Europe PMC PMID:16759735 Europe PMC PMID:17156483 Europe PMC PMID:17273758 Europe PMC PMID:19280426 Europe PMC PMID:19318486 Europe PMC PMID:23792104 Europe PMC PMID:23810771 Europe PMC PMID:23949302 Europe PMC PMID:24135375 Europe PMC PMID:24200999 Europe PMC PMID:24348849 Europe PMC PMID:8558327 Europe PMC PMID:8681902 Europe PMC Reaxys:1750447 Reaxys A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring. Beilstein:608611 CAS:315-30-0 DrugBank:DB00437 Drug_Central:124 LINCS:LSM-5919 PMID:11333159 PMID:16650385 PMID:24395556 PMID:24590210 PMID:24591375 PMID:7602118 Reaxys:608611 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ol Allopurinol 1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-one 1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine-4-one 1H-Pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-ol 4'-Hydroxypyrazolol(3,4-d)pyrimidine 4-HPP 4-Hydroxy-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine 4-Hydroxy-3,4-pyrazolopyrimidine 4-Hydroxypyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine 4-Hydroxypyrazolopyrimidine 4-Hydroxypyrazolyl(3,4-d)pyrimidine 4H-Pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-one AL-100 Allopurinolum Alopurinol Zyloprim (TN) CHEBI:40279 allopurinol Beilstein:608611 Beilstein CAS:315-30-0 ChemIDplus CAS:315-30-0 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:124 DrugCentral PMID:11333159 Europe PMC PMID:16650385 Europe PMC PMID:24395556 Europe PMC PMID:24590210 Europe PMC PMID:24591375 Europe PMC PMID:7602118 Europe PMC Reaxys:608611 Reaxys A cyclic nonribosomal peptide of eleven amino acids; an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. Also causes reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0- and G1-phase of the cell cycle. C62H111N11O12 CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C)C\C=C\C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C1=O)C(C)C DrugBank:DB00091 LINCS:LSM-1703 30-ethyl-33-[(4E)-1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-en-1-yl]-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonamethyl-6,9,18,24-tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)-3,21-bis(propan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecaazacyclotritriacontane-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32-undecone cyclosporin A Tamoxifen, sold under the brand name Nolvadex among others, is a medication that is used to prevent breast cancer in women and treat breast cancer in women and men. (by Wikipedia) C26H29NO CC\C(c1ccccc1)=C(/c1ccccc1)c1ccc(OCCN(C)C)cc1 Beilstein:2062020 CAS:10540-29-1 DrugBank:DB00675 Drug_Central:2561 PMID:12612646 PMID:14681337 PMID:14709804 PMID:18348622 PMID:7688593 2-{4-[(1Z)-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl]phenoxy}-N,N-dimethylethanamine Tamoxifen (Z)-2-(4-(1,2-Diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine (Z)-2-(para-(1,2-Diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethylamine 1-p-beta-Dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl-trans-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene 1-para-beta-Dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl-trans-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene Apo-Tamox Crisafeno Diemon tamoxifen tamoxifene tamoxifeno tamoxifenum trans-Tamoxifen CHEBI:41774 tamoxifen Beilstein:2062020 Beilstein CAS:10540-29-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2561 DrugCentral PMID:14681337 Europe PMC PMID:14709804 Europe PMC PMID:18348622 Europe PMC PMID:7688593 Europe PMC A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection. Beilstein:7493116 CAS:136470-78-5 DrugBank:DB01048 Drug_Central:34 PMID:11678376 PMID:11806176 PMID:12781181 PMID:15887959 PMID:16458506 PMID:16539393 PMID:16759112 PMID:17172311 PMID:17870541 PMID:18029175 PMID:18549801 PMID:24751900 PMID:25017682 PMID:25674793 PMID:26024233 Reaxys:7493116 Abacavir {(1S,4R)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl}methanol ABC abacavir {(1S-cis)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl}methanol CHEBI:421707 abacavir Beilstein:7493116 Beilstein CAS:136470-78-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:34 DrugCentral PMID:11678376 Europe PMC PMID:11806176 Europe PMC PMID:12781181 ChEMBL PMID:15887959 ChEMBL PMID:16458506 ChEMBL PMID:16539393 ChEMBL PMID:16759112 ChEMBL PMID:17172311 ChEMBL PMID:17870541 ChEMBL PMID:18029175 ChEMBL PMID:18549801 Europe PMC PMID:24751900 Europe PMC PMID:25017682 Europe PMC PMID:25674793 Europe PMC PMID:26024233 Europe PMC Reaxys:7493116 Reaxys An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively. C37H67NO13 CC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@H]2C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]2O)N(C)C)[C@](C)(O)C[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@]1(C)O DrugBank:DB00199 Wikipedia:Erythromycin erythromycin A A monocarboxylic acid amide that is 1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide which is substituted at position 5 by a 3,3-dimethyltriaz-1-en-1-yl group. It is used for the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma, and in combination with other drugs for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease and soft-tissue sarcoma. Beilstein:521487 CAS:4342-03-4 DrugBank:DB00851 Drug_Central:773 PMID:10751609 PMID:11318431 PMID:12195827 PMID:15010317 PMID:20082117 PMID:21471822 PMID:21654834 PMID:23029050 PMID:23318786 PMID:26940170 PMID:28096700 PMID:28250333 PMID:28387914 PMID:28419676 PMID:29076951 PMID:29184162 PMID:29287706 PMID:29296081 PMID:29305638 PMID:29344241 Reaxys:521487 5-(3,3-dimethyltriaz-1-en-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide 4-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-5-carboxamide 4-(5)-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-5(4)-carboxamide 4-(dimethyltriazeno)imidazole-5-carboxamide 5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide 5-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide 5-(dimethyltriazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide DIC DTIC Di-me-triazenoimidazolecarboxamide Dtic-Dome (TN) HSDB 3219 ICDMT Imidazole-4-carboxamide, 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)- NCI-C04717 NSC 45388 NSC-45388 dacarbazina dacarbazine dacarbazinum deticene CHEBI:4305 dacarbazine Beilstein:521487 Beilstein CAS:4342-03-4 ChemIDplus CAS:4342-03-4 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:773 DrugCentral PMID:10751609 Europe PMC PMID:11318431 Europe PMC PMID:12195827 Europe PMC PMID:15010317 Europe PMC PMID:20082117 Europe PMC PMID:21471822 Europe PMC PMID:21654834 Europe PMC PMID:23029050 Europe PMC PMID:23318786 Europe PMC PMID:26940170 Europe PMC PMID:28096700 Europe PMC PMID:28250333 Europe PMC PMID:28387914 Europe PMC PMID:28419676 Europe PMC PMID:29076951 Europe PMC PMID:29184162 Europe PMC PMID:29287706 Europe PMC PMID:29296081 Europe PMC PMID:29305638 Europe PMC PMID:29344241 Europe PMC Reaxys:521487 Reaxys Beilstein:4851114 CAS:17230-88-5 DrugBank:DB01406 Drug_Central:779 PMID:17929794 PMID:18834112 [1,2]oxazolo[4',5':2,3]-17alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-17-ol Cyclomen Danocrine danazol danazolum CHEBI:4315 danazol Beilstein:4851114 Beilstein CAS:17230-88-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:779 DrugCentral PMID:17929794 ChEMBL PMID:18834112 ChEMBL The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. Beilstein:705189 CAS:7261-97-4 DrugBank:DB01219 LINCS:LSM-3823 1-({[5-(4-nitrophenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene}amino)imidazolidine-2,4-dione Dantrolene 1-((5-(p-nitrophenyl)furfurylidene)amino)hydantoin dantrolene dantroleno dantrolenum CHEBI:4317 dantrolene Beilstein:705189 Beilstein CAS:7261-97-4 ChemIDplus CAS:150378-17-9 DrugBank:DB00224 Drug_Central:1437 LINCS:LSM-5471 (2S)-1-[(2S,4R)-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]amino}-5-oxopentyl]-N-tert-butyl-4-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperazine-2-carboxamide 2-benzyl-5-[(2S)-2-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-4-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2,3,5-trideoxy-N-[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]-D-erythro-pentonamide Indinavir (1(1S,2R),5(S))-2,3,5-Trideoxy-N-(2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxy-1H-inden-1-yl)-5-(2-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)-4-(3-pyridinylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(phenylmethyl)-D-erythro-Pentonamide CHEBI:44032 indinavir CAS:150378-17-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1437 DrugCentral Beilstein:70669 CAS:59-05-2 DrugBank:DB00563 Drug_Central:1751 LINCS:LSM-5690 METHOTREXATE Methotrexate N-(4-{[(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid 4-amino-10-methylfolic acid 4-amino-N(10)-methylpteroylglutamic acid Emtexate Ledertrexate MTX N-[4-[[(2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl]methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid Rheumatrex Trexall methotrexate methotrexatum metotrexato CHEBI:44185 methotrexate Beilstein:70669 Beilstein CAS:59-05-2 ChemIDplus CAS:59-05-2 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1751 DrugCentral A mucopolysaccharide consisting of repeating beta-(1->4)-linked L-iduronyl-(beta1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units. Dermatan Dermatan L-iduronate CHEBI:4439 dermatan A member of the class of ureas that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. An antineoplastic used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia as well as for sickle-cell disease. Beilstein:1741548 CAS:127-07-1 DrugBank:DB01005 Drug_Central:1399 Gmelin:130423 PMID:11285159 PMID:11298103 PMID:11364534 PMID:11365149 PMID:11391710 PMID:12107454 PMID:14988684 PMID:15772364 PMID:15994344 PMID:16356682 PMID:22983419 PMID:23318979 PMID:23643402 PMID:23696560 PMID:9271088 Reaxys:1741548 Hydroxyurea N-hydroxyurea hydroxyurea Hydroxycarbamid Hydroxycarbamide Hydroxyharnstoff N-HYDROXYUREA N-carbamoylhydroxylamine carbamohydroxamic acid carbamohydroximic acid carbamoyl oxime carbamyl hydroxamate hidroxicarbamida hydrea hydroxycarbamide hydroxycarbamidum oxyurea CHEBI:44423 hydroxyurea Beilstein:1741548 ChemIDplus CAS:127-07-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1399 DrugCentral Gmelin:130423 Gmelin PMID:11285159 Europe PMC PMID:11298103 Europe PMC PMID:11364534 Europe PMC PMID:11365149 Europe PMC PMID:11391710 Europe PMC PMID:12107454 Europe PMC PMID:14988684 Europe PMC PMID:15772364 Europe PMC PMID:15994344 Europe PMC PMID:16356682 Europe PMC PMID:22983419 Europe PMC PMID:23318979 Europe PMC PMID:23643402 Europe PMC PMID:23696560 Europe PMC PMID:9271088 Europe PMC Reaxys:1741548 Reaxys An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups. C13H12N2O5S CS(=O)(=O)Nc1ccc(cc1Oc1ccccc1)[N+]([O-])=O Beilstein:2421175 CAS:51803-78-2 DrugBank:DB04743 Drug_Central:1935 LINCS:LSM-3718 PMID:18426087 Reaxys:2421175 N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide Nimesulide 4'-nitro-2'-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide 4-NITRO-2-PHENOXYMETHANESULFONANILIDE CHEBI:44445 nimesulide Beilstein:2421175 Beilstein CAS:51803-78-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1935 DrugCentral PMID:18426087 Europe PMC Reaxys:2421175 Reaxys CAS:61379-65-5 DrugBank:DB01201 (7S,9E,11S,12R,13S,14R,15R,16R,17S,18S,19E,21Z)-26-{(E)-[(4-cyclopentylpiperazin-1-yl)imino]methyl}-2,15,17,27,29-pentahydroxy-11-methoxy-3,7,12,14,16,18,22-heptamethyl-6,23-dioxo-8,30-dioxa-24-azatetracyclo[23.3.1.1(4,7).0(5,28)]triaconta-1(28),1(29),2,4,9,19,21,25,27-nonaen-13-yl acetate Rifapentine 3-(((4-Cyclopentyl-1-piperazinyl)imino)methyl)rifamycin Cyclopentylrifampicin Priftin (TN) CHEBI:45304 rifapentine CAS:61379-65-5 ChemIDplus An L-valine derivative that is an antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver. CAS:155213-67-5 Drug_Central:2391 LINCS:LSM-5623 PMID:11363086 PMID:11363184 PMID:11363300 PMID:11363329 PMID:11363397 PMID:11363517 PMID:11996889 PMID:24202050 PMID:8568292 PMID:9140265 PMID:9278209 PMID:9585800 Reaxys:768009 N-[(2S,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl]-N(2)-(methyl{[2-(propan-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl}carbamoyl)-L-valinamide ritonavir CHEBI:45409 ritonavir CAS:155213-67-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2391 DrugCentral PMID:11363086 Europe PMC PMID:11363184 Europe PMC PMID:11363300 Europe PMC PMID:11363329 Europe PMC PMID:11363397 Europe PMC PMID:11363517 Europe PMC PMID:11996889 Europe PMC PMID:24202050 Europe PMC PMID:8568292 Europe PMC PMID:9140265 Europe PMC PMID:9278209 Europe PMC PMID:9585800 Europe PMC Reaxys:768009 Reaxys A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoic acid with the primary aromatic amino group of 4-methyl-N(3)-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]benzene-1,3-diamine. Used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Beilstein:7671333 CAS:152459-95-5 DrugBank:DB00619 Drug_Central:1423 LINCS:LSM-1023 PMID:14660054 PMID:14715630 PMID:15073101 PMID:15170967 PMID:15722647 PMID:15794712 PMID:15966213 PMID:16122278 PMID:16826359 PMID:16983347 PMID:17190842 PMID:17410337 PMID:17457302 PMID:17717205 PMID:18193246 PMID:18216472 PMID:18337118 PMID:18344535 PMID:18376233 PMID:18407734 PMID:18420270 PMID:18423008 PMID:18548219 PMID:18623899 PMID:18780518 PMID:18809244 PMID:19020005 PMID:19052981 PMID:19077095 PMID:19097599 PMID:19182535 PMID:19242505 PMID:19415889 PMID:19527930 PMID:19591692 PMID:19693287 PMID:19749465 PMID:19810774 PMID:19853594 PMID:19920908 PMID:22891806 PMID:23075630 PMID:23183914 PMID:23313020 PMID:23394269 PMID:23480638 PMID:23503753 PMID:23536338 PMID:23574742 PMID:23580311 PMID:23587588 Reaxys:7671333 4-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-N-{4-methyl-3-[(4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino]phenyl}benzamide 4-(4-METHYL-PIPERAZIN-1-YLMETHYL)-N-[4-METHYL-3-(4-PYRIDIN-3-YL-PYRIMIDIN-2-YLAMINO)-PHENYL]-BENZAMIDE STI 571 alpha-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3'-((4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-p-toluidide imatinib CHEBI:45783 imatinib Beilstein:7671333 Beilstein CAS:152459-95-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1423 DrugCentral PMID:14660054 Europe PMC PMID:14715630 Europe PMC PMID:15073101 Europe PMC PMID:15170967 Europe PMC PMID:15722647 Europe PMC PMID:15794712 Europe PMC PMID:15966213 Europe PMC PMID:16122278 Europe PMC PMID:16826359 Europe PMC PMID:16983347 Europe PMC PMID:17190842 Europe PMC PMID:17410337 Europe PMC PMID:17457302 Europe PMC PMID:17717205 Europe PMC PMID:18193246 Europe PMC PMID:18216472 Europe PMC PMID:18337118 Europe PMC PMID:18344535 Europe PMC PMID:18376233 Europe PMC PMID:18407734 Europe PMC PMID:18420270 Europe PMC PMID:18423008 Europe PMC PMID:18548219 Europe PMC PMID:18623899 Europe PMC PMID:18780518 Europe PMC PMID:18809244 Europe PMC PMID:19020005 Europe PMC PMID:19052981 Europe PMC PMID:19077095 Europe PMC PMID:19097599 Europe PMC PMID:19182535 Europe PMC PMID:19242505 Europe PMC PMID:19415889 Europe PMC PMID:19527930 Europe PMC PMID:19591692 Europe PMC PMID:19693287 Europe PMC PMID:19749465 Europe PMC PMID:19810774 Europe PMC PMID:19853594 Europe PMC PMID:19920908 Europe PMC PMID:22891806 Europe PMC PMID:23075630 Europe PMC PMID:23183914 Europe PMC PMID:23313020 Europe PMC PMID:23394269 Europe PMC PMID:23480638 Europe PMC PMID:23503753 Europe PMC PMID:23536338 Europe PMC PMID:23574742 Europe PMC PMID:23580311 Europe PMC PMID:23587588 Europe PMC Reaxys:7671333 Reaxys A member of the class of benzimidazoles carrying a 1,3-thiazol-4-yl substituent at position 2. A mainly post-harvest fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium and Fusarium. Beilstein:611403 CAS:148-79-8 DrugBank:DB00730 Drug_Central:2621 LINCS:LSM-3741 PMID:11226373 PMID:13900465 PMID:23790859 PMID:9009055 Pesticides:thiabendazole Reaxys:611403 2-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-1H-benzimidazole Thiabendazole 2-(1,3-THIAZOL-4-YL)-1H-BENZIMIDAZOLE 2-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)benzimidazole 2-(4-thiazolyl)-1H-benzimidazole 2-(thiazol-4-yl)benzimidazole 4-(2-benzimidazolyl)thiazole Equizole MK 360 Mintezol TBZ Thibenzole Tiabendazole CHEBI:45979 thiabendazole Beilstein:611403 Beilstein CAS:148-79-8 ChemIDplus CAS:148-79-8 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2621 DrugCentral PMID:11226373 Europe PMC PMID:13900465 Europe PMC PMID:23790859 Europe PMC PMID:9009055 Europe PMC Pesticides:thiabendazole Alan Wood's Pesticides Reaxys:611403 Reaxys A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. C13H14N2 Nc1c2CCCCc2nc2ccccc12 CAS:321-64-2 DrugBank:DB00382 Wikipedia:Tacrine 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-amine tacrine A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. Beilstein:4269710 CAS:86386-73-4 DrugBank:DB00196 Drug_Central:1187 LINCS:LSM-2106 PMID:11366931 PMID:16822276 PMID:23171950 PMID:23793863 Reaxys:7311650 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-bis-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol fluconazole 2,4-difluoro-alpha,alpha-bis(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzyl alcohol 2-(2,4-DIFLUOROPHENYL)-1,3-DI(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL)PROPAN-2-OL Biozole Diflucan Elazor Triflucan fluconazol fluconazole fluconazolum CHEBI:46081 fluconazole Beilstein:4269710 Beilstein CAS:86386-73-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1187 DrugCentral PMID:11366931 Europe PMC PMID:16822276 Europe PMC PMID:23171950 Europe PMC PMID:23793863 Europe PMC Reaxys:7311650 Reaxys A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. C8H9NO2 CC(=O)Nc1ccc(O)cc1 CAS:103-90-2 DrugBank:DB00316 Wikipedia:Acetaminophen Wikipedia:Paracetamol N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide APAP Acetaminophen paracetamol An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-diethyldithiocarbamic acid. A multi-enzyme inhibitor that is used in alcohol aversion therapy and also exhibits anticancer properties. An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-diethyldithiocarbamic acid. A multi-enzyme inhibitor that is used in alcohol aversion therapy and also exhibits anticancer properties. C10H20N2S4 S(SC(N(CC)CC)=S)C(N(CC)CC)=S CAS:97-77-8 DrugBank:DB00822 Drug_Central:928 LINCS:LSM-5467 PMID:10841824 PMID:11005259 PMID:11716515 PMID:14978246 PMID:15325261 PMID:15709459 PMID:16426571 PMID:16661923 PMID:16666414 PMID:16880974 PMID:17079463 PMID:17579916 PMID:17667894 PMID:18579431 PMID:19720750 PMID:19782464 PMID:19787200 PMID:21471244 PMID:24496638 PMID:25133664 PMID:25445071 PMID:25464072 PMID:25476326 PMID:25495604 PMID:25557293 PMID:25565438 PMID:25657800 PMID:25777347 PMID:26033731 PMID:26224731 PMID:26235918 PMID:26239994 PMID:26314552 PMID:26517513 PMID:26550292 PMID:8442800 PMID:8572926 Reaxys:1712560 Wikipedia:Disulfiram 1,1',1'',1'''-[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetraethane Disulfiram 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-diethylthioformamide) Antabuse N,N,N',N'-tetraethylthiuram disulfide Tetraethylthiuram disulfide bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide tetraethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide tetraethylthiuram disulfide tetraethylthiuram disulphide CHEBI:4659 disulfiram CAS:97-77-8 ChemIDplus CAS:97-77-8 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:928 DrugCentral PMID:10841824 Europe PMC PMID:11005259 Europe PMC PMID:11716515 Europe PMC PMID:14978246 Europe PMC PMID:15325261 Europe PMC PMID:15709459 Europe PMC PMID:16426571 Europe PMC PMID:16661923 Europe PMC PMID:16666414 Europe PMC PMID:16880974 Europe PMC PMID:17079463 Europe PMC PMID:17579916 Europe PMC PMID:17667894 Europe PMC PMID:18579431 Europe PMC PMID:19720750 Europe PMC PMID:19782464 Europe PMC PMID:19787200 Europe PMC PMID:21471244 Europe PMC PMID:24496638 Europe PMC PMID:25133664 Europe PMC PMID:25445071 Europe PMC PMID:25464072 Europe PMC PMID:25476326 Europe PMC PMID:25495604 Europe PMC PMID:25557293 Europe PMC PMID:25565438 Europe PMC PMID:25657800 Europe PMC PMID:25777347 Europe PMC PMID:26033731 Europe PMC PMID:26224731 Europe PMC PMID:26235918 Europe PMC PMID:26239994 Europe PMC PMID:26314552 Europe PMC PMID:26517513 Europe PMC PMID:26550292 Europe PMC PMID:8442800 Europe PMC PMID:8572926 Europe PMC Reaxys:1712560 Reaxys A liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition. Wikipedia:Solvent solvent A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. C14H11Cl2NO2 C1(Cl)=CC=CC(=C1NC2=CC=CC=C2CC(=O)O)Cl ATC:D11AX18 ATC:M01AB05 ATC:M02AA15 ATC:S01BC03 Beilstein:2146636 CAS:15307-86-5 DrugBank:DB00586 Drug_Central:865 LINCS:LSM-2160 PMID:11322639 PMID:1502708 PMID:23777257 PMID:27967303 PMID:7838674 Reaxys:2146636 Wikipedia:Diclofenac 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzeneacetic acid Diclofenac {2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]phenyl}acetic acid 2-((2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)benzeneacetic acid [2-(2,6-dichloroanilino)phenyl]acetic acid diclofenac diclofenac acid diclofenaco diclofenacum diclofenamic acid CHEBI:47381 diclofenac Beilstein:2146636 Beilstein CAS:15307-86-5 ChemIDplus CAS:15307-86-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:865 DrugCentral PMID:11322639 Europe PMC PMID:1502708 Europe PMC PMID:23777257 Europe PMC PMID:27967303 Europe PMC PMID:7838674 Europe PMC Reaxys:2146636 Reaxys A semisynthetic cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. Beilstein:8471798 CAS:162808-62-0 DrugBank:DB00520 Drug_Central:2977 PMID:24270605 (10R,12S)-N-{(2R,6S,9S,11R,12S,14aS,15S,20S,23S,25aS)-12-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-20-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-23-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,11,15-trihydroxy-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-5,8,14,19,22,25-hexaoxotetracosahydro-1H-dipyrrolo[2,1-c:2',1'-l][1,4,7,10,13,16]hexaazacyclohenicosin-9-yl}-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide Caspofungin (4R,5S)-5-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-N(2)-(10,12-dimethyltetradecanoyl)-4-hydroxy-L-ornithyl-L-threonyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-(S)-4-hydroxy-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-L-threonyl-threo-3-hydroxy-L-ornithyl-trans-3-hydroxy-L-proline cyclic (6-1)-peptide 1-[(4R,5S)-5-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-N(2)-(10,12-dimethyl-1-oxotetradecyl)-4-hydroxy-L-ornithine]-5-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-L-ornithine]-pneumocandin B0 caspofungin CHEBI:474180 caspofungin Beilstein:8471798 Beilstein CAS:162808-62-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2977 DrugCentral PMID:24270605 Europe PMC Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that continues to be widely used in the therapy of depression. Imipramine can cause mild and transient serum enzyme elevations and is rare cause of clinically apparent acute cholestatic liver injury. C19H24N2 CN(C)CCCN1c2ccccc2CCc2ccccc12 DrugBank:DB00458 Open TG-Gates compound_id:00069 Wikipedia:Imipramine https://livertox.nlm.nih.gov//Imipramine.htm imipramine A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-ketoconazole. Beilstein:4303081 CAS:65277-42-1 DrugBank:DB01026 Gmelin:1713206 Open TG-Gates compound_id=00047 rac-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine (+-)-cis-1-acetyl-4-(p-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazine Fungarest Fungoral Ketoderm Ketoisdin Nizoral Panfungol Xolegel cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazine ketoconazol ketoconazole ketoconazolum CHEBI:47519 ketoconazole Beilstein:4303081 ChemIDplus CAS:65277-42-1 ChemIDplus Gmelin:1713206 Gmelin A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias. C19H23ClN2 Beilstein:1323477 CAS:303-49-1 CN(C)CCCN1c2ccccc2CCc2ccc(Cl)cc12 DrugBank:DB01242 Drug_Central:701 LINCS:LSM-3171 Open TG-Gates compound_id:00121 PMID:12007764 PMID:12084414 PMID:16085036 PMID:17471183 PMID:19747949 PMID:19810911 Patent:US3467650 Reaxys:1323477 3-(3-chloro-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepin-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine Clomipramine 3-(3-CHLORO-5H-DIBENZO[B,F]AZEPIN-5-YL)-N,N-DIMETHYLPROPAN-1-AMINE 3-(3-chloro-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepin-5-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanamine 3-chloroimipramine G 34586 chlorimipramine monochlorimipramine CHEBI:47780 clomipramine Beilstein:1323477 ChemIDplus CAS:303-49-1 ChemIDplus CAS:303-49-1 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:701 DrugCentral PMID:12007764 Europe PMC PMID:12084414 Europe PMC PMID:16085036 Europe PMC PMID:17471183 Europe PMC PMID:19747949 Europe PMC PMID:19810911 Europe PMC Reaxys:1323477 Reaxys A chemical compound that can be excited by light of a specific wavelength and subsequently transfer energy to a chosen reactant. This is commonly molecular oxygen within a cancer tissue, which is converted to (highly rective) singlet state oxygen. This rapidly reacts with any nearby biomolecules, ultimately killing the cancer cells. photosensitising agent CHEBI:47868 photosensitizing agent A compound, usually an anti-bacterial agent or a toxin, which inhibits the synthesis of a protein. protein synthesis antagonist protein synthesis antagonists protein synthesis inhibitors CHEBI:48001 protein synthesis inhibitor serotonergic agents serotonergic drugs serotonin drugs CHEBI:48278 serotonergic drug Drugs that bind to but do not activate serotonin receptors, thereby blocking the actions of serotonin or serotonergic agonists. 5-HT antagonists 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonists antiserotonergic agents serotonin antagonists serotonin blockaders CHEBI:48279 serotonergic antagonist An EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of catechol O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6). COMT inhibitor COMT inhibitors EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitors EC 2.1.1.6 inhibitor EC 2.1.1.6 inhibitors S-adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitor S-adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors catechol O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6) inhibitor catechol O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6) inhibitors catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitor catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors catechol methyltransferase inhibitor catechol methyltransferase inhibitors catecholamine O-methyltransferase inhibitor catecholamine O-methyltransferase inhibitors CHEBI:48406 EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor A drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Wikipedia:Antiparkinson antiparkinson agent CHEBI:48407 antiparkinson drug An agent and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels. angiogenesis antagonist angiostatic agents anti-angiogenic agent CHEBI:48422 angiogenesis inhibitor C40H71NO14.C12H26O4S CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O.CC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@H]2C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]2OC(=O)CC)N(C)C)[C@](C)(O)C[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@]1(C)O erythromycin estolate Any drug that acts on an alpha-adrenergic receptor. alpha-adrenergic drugs CHEBI:48539 alpha-adrenergic drug Any of the drugs that act on beta-adrenergic receptors. beta-adrenergic drugs CHEBI:48540 beta-adrenergic drug Beilstein:4208277 CAS:82964-04-3 DrugBank:DB02383 Drug_Central:2704 N-{[6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)naphthalen-1-yl]carbonothioyl}-N-methylglycine TOLRESTAT Tolrestat Alredase N-((6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-naphthalenyl)thioxomethyl)-N-methylglycine N-{[6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-naphthyl]carbonothioyl}-N-methylglycine tolrestat tolrestatum CHEBI:48549 tolrestat Beilstein:4208277 Beilstein CAS:82964-04-3 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2704 DrugCentral An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21). ALR2 inhibitor ALR2 inhibitors EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitors EC 1.1.1.21 inhibitor EC 1.1.1.21 inhibitors NADPH-aldopentose reductase inhibitor NADPH-aldopentose reductase inhibitors NADPH-aldose reductase inhibitor NADPH-aldose reductase inhibitors aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) inhibitor aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) inhibitors aldehyde reductase inhibitor aldehyde reductase inhibitors alditol:NAD(P)(+) 1-oxidoreductase inhibitor alditol:NAD(P)(+) 1-oxidoreductase inhibitors alditol:NADP oxidoreductase inhibitor alditol:NADP oxidoreductase inhibitors alditol:NADP(+) 1-oxidoreductase inhibitor alditol:NADP(+) 1-oxidoreductase inhibitors aldose reductase inhibitor aldose reductase inhibitors polyol dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) inhibitor polyol dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) inhibitors CHEBI:48550 EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor A drug used for its effects on dopamine receptors, on the life cycle of dopamine, or on the survival of dopaminergic neurons. dopamine agent dopamine agents dopamine drug dopamine drugs dopaminergic agents CHEBI:48560 dopaminergic agent A drug that binds to but does not activate dopamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of dopamine or exogenous agonists. dopamine antagonist dopamine blocker dopamine receptor antagonist dopaminergic antagonists CHEBI:48561 dopaminergic antagonist A role played by a substance that can react readily with, and thereby eliminate, radicals. free radical scavenger free radical scavengers free-radical scavenger CHEBI:48578 radical scavenger A drug that affects the function of fibrin in blood coagulation. fibrin modulating agent fibrin modulating agents fibrin modulating drugs CHEBI:48676 fibrin modulating drug A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid. Beilstein:5637599 CAS:2998-57-4 DrugBank:DB01196 Drug_Central:1065 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST02010038 PMID:11131983 PMID:15762353 PMID:7638085 Reaxys:5637599 (17beta)-17-hydroxyestra-1(10),2,4-trien-3-yl bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate Estramustine 17beta-Estradiol 3-(bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate) Estradiol 3-(N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate) estramustina estramustine estramustinum CHEBI:4868 estramustine Beilstein:5637599 Beilstein CAS:2998-57-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1065 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST02010038 LIPID MAPS PMID:11131983 Europe PMC PMID:15762353 Europe PMC PMID:7638085 Europe PMC Reaxys:5637599 Reaxys Substance which binds to cell receptors normally responding to naturally occurring substances and which produces a response of its own. agonist agonista agoniste agonists CHEBI:48705 agonist Substance that attaches to and blocks cell receptors that normally bind naturally occurring substances. antagonist antagonista antagoniste antagonists CHEBI:48706 antagonist An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone. Beilstein:6312870 CAS:74-55-5 DrugBank:DB00330 Drug_Central:1073 PMID:10649975 PMID:10891117 PMID:10966749 PMID:12182855 PMID:14695841 PMID:14698152 PMID:15225698 PMID:16005211 PMID:16759086 PMID:16870429 PMID:17210775 PMID:17239593 PMID:17276683 PMID:17315960 PMID:17331717 PMID:17562368 PMID:17851083 PMID:17888665 PMID:19524332 PMID:19648006 PMID:3934384 Reaxys:6312870 (2S,2'S)-2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diyldiimino)dibutan-1-ol Ethambutol (+)-2,2'-(ethylenediimino)di-1-butanol (+)-N,N'-bis(1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl)ethylenediamine (+)-S,S-ethambutol (+)-ethambutol (2S,7S)-2,7-diethyl-3,6-diazaoctane-1,8-diol (S,S)-ethambutol EMB S,S-Ethambutol etambutol ethambutol ethambutolum CHEBI:4877 ethambutol Beilstein:6312870 Beilstein CAS:74-55-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1073 DrugCentral PMID:10649975 ChEMBL PMID:10891117 ChEMBL PMID:10966749 ChEMBL PMID:12182855 ChEMBL PMID:14695841 ChEMBL PMID:14698152 ChEMBL PMID:15225698 ChEMBL PMID:16005211 ChEMBL PMID:16759086 ChEMBL PMID:16870429 ChEMBL PMID:17210775 ChEMBL PMID:17239593 ChEMBL PMID:17276683 ChEMBL PMID:17315960 ChEMBL PMID:17331717 ChEMBL PMID:17562368 ChEMBL PMID:17851083 ChEMBL PMID:17888665 ChEMBL PMID:19524332 ChEMBL PMID:19648006 ChEMBL PMID:3934384 ChEMBL Reaxys:6312870 Reaxys A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide. C8H10N2S CCc1cc(ccn1)C(N)=S CAS:536-33-4 DrugBank:DB00609 Wikipedia:Ethionamide 2-ethylpyridine-4-carbothioamide ethionamide Any drug that binds to but does not activate cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of acetylcholine or cholinergic agonists. Anticholinergika Anticholinergikum acetylcholine antagonists acetylcholine receptor antagonist agent anticholinergique agente anticolinergico agentes anticolinergicos anticholinergic agents anticholinergics anticholinergiques anticolinergicos cholinergic-blocking agents CHEBI:48873 cholinergic antagonist A drug that binds to but does not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous acetylcholine or exogenous agonists. Antimuskarinika Antimuskarinikum agente antimuscarinico agentes antimuscarinicos agents antimuscariniques antimuscarinic agents antimuscarinicos muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist muscarinic antagonists CHEBI:48876 muscarinic antagonist Metabolites of bile acids, four-ringed steroid acids formed along the cholesterol degradation pathway. bile acid metabolite Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus). DrugBank:DB00199 eritromicina erthromycin erythromycine CHEBI:48923 erythromycin A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions. Beilstein:8442898 CAS:201530-41-8 DrugBank:DB01609 Drug_Central:3128 Reaxys:8442898 4-[3,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]benzoic acid Exjade ICL 670 ICL 670A deferasirox deferasiroxum CHEBI:49005 deferasirox Beilstein:8442898 Beilstein CAS:201530-41-8 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:3128 DrugCentral Reaxys:8442898 Reaxys A chemical substance which inhibits the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. hormone antagonists CHEBI:49020 hormone antagonist A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS. C10H12N4O3 OC[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](O1)n1cnc2c1nc[nH]c2=O Beilstein:3619529 CAS:69655-05-6 DrugBank:DB00900 Drug_Central:869 LINCS:LSM-6017 PMID:10386939 PMID:1619614 PMID:17046264 PMID:18549801 PMID:29438107 Reaxys:3619529 Wikipedia:Didanosine 2',3'-dideoxyinosine Didanosine ddI 2,3-dideoxyinosine 9-((2R,5S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1H-purin-6(9H)-one 9-((2R,5S)-5-Hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-1,9-dihydro-purin-6-one 9-((2S,5R)-5-Hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol 9-[(2R,5S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one DDI ddI ddIno didanosina didanosine didanosinum dideoxyinosine CHEBI:490877 didanosine Beilstein:3619529 Beilstein CAS:69655-05-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:869 DrugCentral PMID:10386939 ChEMBL PMID:1619614 ChEMBL PMID:17046264 ChEMBL PMID:18549801 Europe PMC PMID:29438107 Europe PMC Reaxys:3619529 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active. CAS:41340-25-4 DrugBank:DB00749 Drug_Central:1103 LINCS:LSM-1781 PMID:15369391 PMID:2527995 PMID:28166217 PMID:2970548 (1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)acetic acid ETODOLAC (+-)-1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano(3,4-b)indole-1-acetic acid (1,8-Diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-pyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)-acetic acid 1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1,8-diethylpyrano(3,4-b)indole-1-acetic acid 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano(3,4-b)indole-1-acetic acid 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-ylacetic acid ETODOLIC ACID etodolac etodolaco etodolacum CHEBI:4909 etodolac CAS:41340-25-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1103 DrugCentral PMID:15369391 ChEMBL PMID:2527995 ChEMBL PMID:28166217 Europe PMC PMID:2970548 ChEMBL Any human metabolite produced by metabolism of drugs in humans. drug metabolites CHEBI:49103 drug metabolite A drug designed to prevent leukotriene synthesis or activity by blocking binding at the receptor level. LTRA leukotriene antagonists leukotriene receptor antagonist leukotriene receptor antagonists CHEBI:49159 leukotriene antagonist A drug used to treat asthma. anti-asthmatic agent anti-asthmatic agents anti-asthmatic drugs CHEBI:49167 anti-asthmatic drug One of various classes of drugs with different action mechanisms used to treat or ameliorate peptic ulcer or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. anti-ulcer agent anti-ulcer drug A chemical substance that prevents or reduces the probability of conception. contraceptive agent contraceptive drugs CHEBI:49323 contraceptive drug A chemical substance or agent with contraceptive activity in females. female contraceptive agent female contraceptive drugs CHEBI:49324 female contraceptive drug A 17-oxo steroid that is androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione in which the hydrogens at position 6 are replaced by a double bond to a methylene group. A selective inhibitor of the aromatase (oestrogen synthase) system, it is used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. CAS:107868-30-4 DrugBank:DB00990 Drug_Central:1122 PMID:10882163 Reaxys:6609645 6-methylideneandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione Exemestane 6-methyleneandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione exemestane exemestano exemestanum CHEBI:4953 exemestane CAS:107868-30-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1122 DrugCentral PMID:10882163 Europe PMC Reaxys:6609645 Reaxys Beilstein:10502247 CAS:231277-92-2 DrugBank:DB01259 Drug_Central:1548 LINCS:LSM-1051 N-[3-chloro-4-(3-fluorobenzyloxy)phenyl]-6-[5-({[2-(methanesulfonyl)ethyl]amino}methyl)furan-2-yl]quinazolin-4-amine GW 572016 N-(3-chloro-4-((3-fluorophenyl)methoxy)phenyl)-6-(5-(((2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl)amino)methyl)-2-furanyl)-4-quinazolinamine N-{3-CHLORO-4-[(3-FLUOROBENZYL)OXY]PHENYL}-6-[5-({[2-(METHYLSULFONYL)ETHYL]AMINO}METHYL)-2-FURYL]-4-QUINAZOLINAMINE Tykerb CHEBI:49603 lapatinib Beilstein:10502247 Beilstein CAS:231277-92-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1548 DrugCentral Inchikey:YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen hydrogen atom A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted by a (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)nitrilo group, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy group and a methoxy group at positions 4,6 and 7, respectively. An EGFR kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. CAS:184475-35-2 DrugBank:DB00317 Drug_Central:1282 LINCS:LSM-1098 PMID:14981586 PMID:15068398 PMID:20573926 PMID:20949670 PMID:27396387 PMID:28968167 PMID:29332330 PMID:29493460 PMID:29579334 PMID:29668619 PMID:30068310 PMID:30069771 PMID:30214852 Reaxys:8949523 N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropoxy)quinazolin-4-amine 4-(3'-chloro-4'-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazoline Iressa Irressat N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy)-4-quinazolinamine ZD 1839 ZD-1839 ZD1839 gefitinib gefitinibum CHEBI:49668 gefitinib CAS:184475-35-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1282 DrugCentral PMID:14981586 Europe PMC PMID:15068398 Europe PMC PMID:20573926 Europe PMC PMID:20949670 Europe PMC PMID:27396387 Europe PMC PMID:28968167 Europe PMC PMID:29332330 Europe PMC PMID:29493460 Europe PMC PMID:29579334 Europe PMC PMID:29668619 Europe PMC PMID:30068310 Europe PMC PMID:30069771 Europe PMC PMID:30214852 Europe PMC Reaxys:8949523 Reaxys The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy. CAS:25451-15-4 DrugBank:DB00949 Drug_Central:1140 LINCS:LSM-4232 PMID:12825948 PMID:12873507 PMID:18311896 Reaxys:3345236 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diyl dicarbamate Felbamate 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate Carbamic acid 3-carbamoyloxy-2-phenyl-propyl ester carbamic acid 2-phenyltrimethylene ester felbamate felbamato felbamatum CHEBI:4995 felbamate CAS:25451-15-4 ChemIDplus CAS:25451-15-4 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1140 DrugCentral PMID:12825948 ChEMBL PMID:12873507 ChEMBL PMID:18311896 ChEMBL Reaxys:3345236 Reaxys A chlorobenzophenone that is (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanone substituted by a [2-methyl-1-oxo-1-(propan-2-yloxy)propan-2-yl]oxy group at position 1 on the phenyl ring. CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)(C)Oc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)c1ccc(Cl)cc1 LINCS:LSM-3107 propan-2-yl 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-2-methylpropanoate fenofibrate A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding. CAS:31879-05-7 DrugBank:DB00573 Drug_Central:1154 PMID:21328296 PMID:21342694 PMID:25554116 PMID:28166217 PMID:30168706 PMID:4616811 Reaxys:2118687 2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid FENOPROFEN Fenoprofen (+-)-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propionic acid (+-)-m-phenoxyhydratropic acid 2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propionic acid 2-(m-phenoxyphenyl)propionic acid alpha-(m-phenoxyphenyl)propionic acid alpha-methyl-3-phenoxybenzeneacetic acid fenoprofen fenoprofene fenoprofeno fenoprofenum CHEBI:5004 fenoprofen CAS:31879-05-7 ChemIDplus CAS:31879-05-7 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1154 DrugCentral PMID:21328296 Europe PMC PMID:21342694 Europe PMC PMID:25554116 Europe PMC PMID:28166217 Europe PMC PMID:30168706 Europe PMC PMID:4616811 Europe PMC Reaxys:2118687 Reaxys Any hormone that is responsible for controlling sexual characteristics and reproductive function. Geschlechtshormon Geschlechtshormone Sexualhormon Sexualhormone hormone sexuelle hormones sexuelles sex hormones CHEBI:50112 sex hormone A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. Androgen Androgene androgene androgenes androgeno androgenos androgens CHEBI:50113 androgen A hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics in mammals by binding to oestrogen receptors. The oestrogens are named for their importance in the oestrous cycle. The oestrogens that occur naturally in the body, notably estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol are steroids. Other compounds with oestrogenic activity are produced by plants (phytoestrogens) and fungi (mycoestrogens); synthetic compounds with oestrogenic activity are known as xenoestrogens. Wikipedia:Estrogen estrogen CN(CCOc1ccc(CC2SC(=O)NC2=O)cc1)c1ccccn1 CAS:122320-73-4 DrugBank:DB00412 Wikipedia:Rosiglitazone 5-(4-{2-[methyl(pyridin-2-yl)amino]ethoxy}benzyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione LINCS:LSM-1949 rosiglitazone A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9. CAS:54757-46-9 LINCS:LSM-5713 Reaxys:15057225 9-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid CHEBI:50172 acitretin CAS:54757-46-9 ChemIDplus Reaxys:15057225 Reaxys A drug that softens, separates, and causes desquamation of the cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin. Keratolytic drugs are used to expose mycelia of infecting fungi or to treat corns, warts, and certain other skin diseases. desquamating agent keratolytic agent keratolytic drugs skin-peeling agent CHEBI:50176 keratolytic drug A drug used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin. dermatologic agent dermatologic drugs dermatological agent CHEBI:50177 dermatologic drug An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the activity of cytochrome P450 involved in catalysis of organic substances. CYP2D6 inhbitor CYP2D6 inhbitors P450 inhibitors cytochrome P450 inhibitor cytochrome P450 inhibitors CHEBI:50183 P450 inhibitor Any pathway inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids. fatty acid synthesis inhibitor Drug that acts on blood and blood-forming organs and those that affect the hemostatic system. hematologic agents CHEBI:50248 hematologic agent An agent that prevents blood clotting. anticoagulante anticoagulants CHEBI:50249 anticoagulant A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug. PMID:23993918 PMID:23998799 PMID:24329110 PMID:24628402 PMID:24709544 PMID:25144792 PMID:25157234 PMID:25269430 PMID:25391982 PMID:25591121 PMID:25620096 PMID:25795057 PMID:26028253 PMID:26184144 PMID:28070577 PMID:28215138 PMID:28219047 PMID:28259775 PMID:28319647 PMID:28329729 PMID:28334528 Prodrugs CHEBI:50266 prodrug PMID:23993918 Europe PMC PMID:23998799 Europe PMC PMID:24329110 Europe PMC PMID:24628402 Europe PMC PMID:24709544 Europe PMC PMID:25144792 Europe PMC PMID:25157234 Europe PMC PMID:25269430 Europe PMC PMID:25391982 Europe PMC PMID:25591121 Europe PMC PMID:25620096 Europe PMC PMID:25795057 Europe PMC PMID:26028253 Europe PMC PMID:26184144 Europe PMC PMID:28070577 Europe PMC PMID:28215138 Europe PMC PMID:28219047 Europe PMC PMID:28259775 Europe PMC PMID:28319647 Europe PMC PMID:28329729 Europe PMC PMID:28334528 Europe PMC Synthetic or natural substance which is given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent. chemoprotectant chemoprotectants chemoprotective agent chemoprotective agents protective agents CHEBI:50267 protective agent A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits the bacterial enzymes of the DNA topoisomerases, Type I class (EC 5.99.1.2) that catalyze ATP-independent breakage of one of the two strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strand through the break, and rejoining of the broken strand. These bacterial enzymes reduce the topological stress in the DNA structure by relaxing negatively, but not positively, supercoiled DNA. DNA topoisomerase inhibitor DNA topoisomerase inhibitors EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitors EC 5.99.1.2 (topoisomerase I) inhibitor EC 5.99.1.2 (topoisomerase I) inhibitors EC 5.99.1.2 inhibitor EC 5.99.1.2 inhibitors topoisomerase I (EC 5.99.1.2) inhibitor topoisomerase I (EC 5.99.1.2) inhibitors topoisomerase I inhibitor topoisomerase I inhibitors type I DNA topoisomerase inhibitor type I DNA topoisomerase inhibitors CHEBI:50276 EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor A drug or agent which antagonizes or impairs any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whether during the phases of activation and shape change or following the dense-granule release reaction and stimulation of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system. platelet aggregation inhibitors CHEBI:50427 platelet aggregation inhibitor An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4). EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor phospholipase A2 inhibitor An EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of dihydropteroate synthase (EC 2.5.1.15), an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of dihydropteroate from p-aminobenzoic acid and dihydropteridine-hydroxymethyl-pyrophosphate. (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl-diphosphate:4-aminobenzoate 2-amino-4-hydroxydihydropteridine-6-methenyltransferase inhibitor (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl-diphosphate:4-aminobenzoate 2-amino-4-hydroxydihydropteridine-6-methenyltransferase inhibitors 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine-diphosphate:4-aminobenzoate 2-amino-4-hydroxydihydropteridine-6-methenyltransferase inhibitor 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine-diphosphate:4-aminobenzoate 2-amino-4-hydroxydihydropteridine-6-methenyltransferase inhibitors 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors 7,8-dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor 7,8-dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitors 7,8-dihydropteroic acid synthetase inhibitor 7,8-dihydropteroic acid synthetase inhibitors DHPS inhibitor DHPS inhibitors EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitors EC 2.5.1.15 inhibitor EC 2.5.1.15 inhibitors dihydropteroate diphosphorylase inhibitor dihydropteroate diphosphorylase inhibitors dihydropteroate pyrophosphorylase inhibitor dihydropteroate pyrophosphorylase inhibitors dihydropteroate synthase (EC 2.5.1.15) inhibitor dihydropteroate synthase (EC 2.5.1.15) inhibitors dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitors dihydropteroic synthetase inhibitor dihydropteroic synthetase inhibitors CHEBI:50502 EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor potassium channel modulator Drug used to cause constriction of the blood vessels. vasoconstrictor agent An EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1). 1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase inhibitor 1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase inhibitors 4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase inhibitor 4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase inhibitors EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitors EC 3.2.1.1 inhibitor EC 3.2.1.1 inhibitors Taka-amylase A inhibitor Taka-amylase A inhibitors alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) inhibitor alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) inhibitors alpha-amylase inhibitor alpha-amylase inhibitors endoamylase inhibitor endoamylase inhibitors glycogenase inhibitor glycogenase inhibitors CHEBI:50627 EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 2. COX-2 inhibitor COX-2 inhibitors PGHS-2 inhibitor PGHS-2 inhibitors cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors prostaglandin H synthase-2 inhibitor prostaglandin H synthase-2 inhibitors prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 inhibitor prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 inhibitors CHEBI:50629 cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 1. COX-1 inhibitor COX-1 inhibitors PTGS1 inhibitor PTGS1 inhibitors cyclo-oxygenase 1 inhibitor cyclo-oxygenase 1 inhibitors cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitors cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 inhibitor prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 inhibitors prostaglandin H2 synthase 1 inhibitor prostaglandin H2 synthase 1 inhibitors prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 inhibitor prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 inhibitors CHEBI:50630 cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor An agent that inhibits bone resorption and/or favor bone mineralization and bone regeneration. Used to heal bone fractures and to treat bone diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. anti-osteopenia agent anti-osteopenia agents anti-osteopenia drug anti-osteopenia drugs anti-osteoporosis agent anti-osteoporosis agents anti-osteoporosis drug anti-osteoporosis drugs anti-osteoporotic anti-osteoporotic agent anti-osteoporotic agents anti-osteoporotic drug anti-osteoporotic drugs anti-osteoporotics antiosteoporotic antiosteoporotics bone density conservation agents bone density conservation drug bone density conservation drugs CHEBI:50646 bone density conservation agent A drug used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the excessive production of thyroid hormones. antithyroid agent antithyroid agents antithyroid drugs CHEBI:50671 antithyroid drug A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen. Beilstein:108646 CAS:60-56-0 DrugBank:DB00763 Drug_Central:1745 LINCS:LSM-5646 PMID:17438883 PMID:24443787 PMID:7454742 PMID:9172960 Reaxys:108646 1-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazole-2-thione Methimazole 1-METHYL-1,3-DIHYDRO-2H-IMIDAZOLE-2-THIONE 1-Methylimidazole-2(3H)-thione Danantizol Favistan Strumazol Tapazole Thacapzol USAF el-30 thiamazol thiamazole thiamazolum tiamazol CHEBI:50673 methimazole Beilstein:108646 Beilstein CAS:60-56-0 ChemIDplus CAS:60-56-0 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1745 DrugCentral PMID:17438883 Europe PMC PMID:24443787 Europe PMC PMID:7454742 Europe PMC PMID:9172960 Europe PMC Reaxys:108646 Reaxys An EC 1.5.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3). 7,8-dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor 7,8-dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors DHFR inhibitor DHFR inhibitors EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitors EC 1.5.1.3 inhibitor EC 1.5.1.3 inhibitors NADPH-dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor NADPH-dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) inhibitor dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) inhibitors dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors dihydrofolic acid reductase inhibitor dihydrofolic acid reductase inhibitors dihydrofolic reductase inhibitor dihydrofolic reductase inhibitors folic acid reductase inhibitor folic acid reductase inhibitors folic reductase inhibitor folic reductase inhibitors tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase inhibitor tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase inhibitors CHEBI:50683 EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor A substance used either in the prevention or facilitation of pregnancy. reproductive control agent reproductive control drugs CHEBI:50689 reproductive control drug A chemical substance that interrupts pregnancy after implantation. abortifacient agent abortifacient agents abortifacient drug abortifacient drugs abortifacients CHEBI:50691 abortifacient A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5. Beilstein:3077644 CAS:10118-90-8 DrugBank:DB01017 Drug_Central:1813 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPK07000002 PMID:28709717 PMID:31630007 PMID:31719236 PMID:31733348 Reaxys:3077644 (4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-3,10,12,12a-tetrahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide Minocycline (4S,4AS,5AR,12AS)-4,7-BIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)-3,10,12,12A-TETRAHYDROXY-1,11-DIOXO-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-OCTAHYDROTETRACENE-2-CARBOXAMIDE 7-Dimethylamino-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline minociclina minociclinum minocycline minomycin CHEBI:50694 minocycline Beilstein:3077644 Beilstein CAS:10118-90-8 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1813 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPK07000002 LIPID MAPS PMID:28709717 Europe PMC PMID:31630007 Europe PMC PMID:31719236 Europe PMC PMID:31733348 Europe PMC Reaxys:3077644 Reaxys A substance that possess antiestrogenic actions but can also produce estrogenic effects as well. It acts as complete or partial agonist or as antagonist. It can be either steroidal or nonsteroidal in structure. CHEBI:50739 estrogen receptor modulator C24H29ClO4 [H][C@@]12C[C@]1([H])[C@@]1(C)C(=CC2=O)C(Cl)=C[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC[C@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)[C@@]3(C)CC[C@]12[H] CAS:427-51-0 Wikipedia:Cyproterone_Acetate 6-chloro-3,20-dioxo-1beta,2beta-dihydro-3'H-cyclopropa[1,2]pregna-4,6-dien-17-yl acetate CPA cyproterone acetate A compound that interacts with progesterone receptors in target tissues to bring about effects similar to those of progesterone. gestagen gestagens progestagen progestagens progestogens CHEBI:50745 progestogen A drug used to treat psoriasis. antipsoriatic agent antipsoriatic drug CHEBI:50748 antipsoriatic A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), EC 5.99.1.3 (also known as topoisomerase II and as DNA gyrase), which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands. DNA gyrase inhibitor DNA gyrase inhibitors DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) (EC 5.99.1.3) inhibitor DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) (EC 5.99.1.3) inhibitors DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) inhibitor DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) inhibitors DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors EC 5.99.1.3 (DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)) inhibitor EC 5.99.1.3 (DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)) inhibitors EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitors EC 5.99.1.3 inhibitor EC 5.99.1.3 inhibitors inhibitor of type II topoisomerase inhibitors of type II topoisomerase topoisomerase II inhibitor topoisomerase II inhibitors topoisomerase-II inhibitor topoisomerase-II inhibitors type II DNA topoisomerase inhibitor type II DNA topoisomerase inhibitors CHEBI:50750 EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor A drug which acts to reduce estrogenic activity in the body, either by reducing the amount of estrogen or by reducing the activity of whatever estrogen is present. anti-estrogenic agent anti-estrogenic drug anti-oestrogen anti-oestrogenic agent anti-oestrogenic drug antiestrogen antiestrogenic agent antiestrogenic drug antioestrogen antioestrogenic agent antioestrogenic drug CHEBI:50751 anti-estrogen Beilstein:4237530 CAS:54048-10-1 DrugBank:DB00294 Drug_Central:1110 17alpha-ethynyl-17beta-hydroxy-11-methylidene-18a-homo-estr-4-en-3-one 3-Ketodesogestrel 3-Oxodesogestrel Implanon etonogestrel etonogestrelum CHEBI:50777 etonogestrel Beilstein:4237530 Beilstein CAS:54048-10-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1110 DrugCentral An EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor which interferes with the action of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14) and so reduces production of estrogenic steroid hormones. EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitors EC 1.14.14.14 inhibitor EC 1.14.14.14 inhibitors aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14) inhibitor aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14) inhibitors aromatase inhibitor aromatase inhibitors estrogen synthase inhibitor estrogen synthase inhibitors estrogen synthetase inhibitor estrogen synthetase inhibitors oestrogen synthase inhibitor oestrogen synthase inhibitors oestrogen synthetase inhibitor oestrogen synthetase inhibitors CHEBI:50790 EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor An antagonist at the estrogen receptor. estrogen receptor antagonists CHEBI:50792 estrogen receptor antagonist A compound which inhibits or antagonises the biosynthesis or actions of estrogens. oestrogen antagonist CHEBI:50837 estrogen antagonist Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system. Biomodulator Immune factor Immunologic factor Immunological factor immunomodulators CHEBI:50846 immunomodulator A drug used to treat allergic reactions. anti-allergic drug anti-allergic agent CAS:153559-49-0 DrugBank:DB00307 Drug_Central:361 4-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)vinyl]benzoic acid bexarotene bexaroteno bexarotenum p-(1-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-2-naphthyl)vinyl)benzoic acid CHEBI:50859 bexarotene CAS:153559-49-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:361 DrugCentral Any molecular entity that contains carbon. organic compounds organic entity organic molecular entity An agent which overcomes insulin resistance by activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma). insulin-sensitizing drug A role played by a chemical compound to induce direct or indirect DNA damage. Such damage can potentially lead to the formation of a malignant tumour, but DNA damage does not lead inevitably to the creation of cancerous cells. Wikipedia:Genotoxicity genotoxic agent genotoxic agents genotoxins CHEBI:50902 genotoxin A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities. agente carcinogeno cancerigene cancerogene carcinogen carcinogene carcinogenic agents carcinogeno carcinogens CHEBI:50903 carcinogenic agent A chemical compound which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy. A chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy. Wikipedia:Allergen alergeno allergene allergenic agent CHEBI:50904 allergen A role played by a chemical compound in biological systems with adverse consequences in embryo developments, leading to birth defects, embryo death or altered development, growth retardation and functional defect. agent teratogene teratogen teratogeno CHEBI:50905 teratogenic agent A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the liver in animals. A role played by an entity exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the liver in animals. agente hepatotoxico hepatotoxic agents hepatotoxicant hepatotoxicants hepatotoxin hepatotoxins hepatoxic agent hepatoxicant CHEBI:50908 hepatotoxic agent A role played by aan entity exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the heart and cardiomyocytes. cardiotoxic agent A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 4-chloro-3-trifluorophenyl group while the other is substituted by a phenyl group which, in turn, is substituted at the para position by a [2-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-4-yl]oxy group. CAS:284461-73-0 DrugBank:DB00398 Drug_Central:2459 LINCS:LSM-1008 4-[4-({[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbamoyl}amino)phenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide 4-(4-((((4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)phenoxy)-N-methyl-2-pyridinecarboxamide N-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-N'-(4-(2-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-4-pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea sorafenib sorafenibum CHEBI:50924 sorafenib CAS:284461-73-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2459 DrugCentral An EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1), a kinase enzyme involved in phosphorylation of hydroxy group of serine or threonine. A-kinase inhibitor A-kinase inhibitors AP50 kinase inhibitor AP50 kinase inhibitors ATP-protein transphosphorylase inhibitor ATP-protein transphosphorylase inhibitors ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific) inhibitor ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific) inhibitors BR serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 inhibitor BR serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 inhibitors CK-2 inhibitor CK-2 inhibitors CKI inhibitor CKI inhibitors CKII inhibitor CKII inhibitors EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitors EC 2.7.11.1 inhibitor EC 2.7.11.1 inhibitors HIPK2 inhibitor HIPK2 inhibitors Hpr kinase inhibitor Hpr kinase inhibitors M phase-specific cdc2 kinase inhibitor M phase-specific cdc2 kinase inhibitors MKNK2 inhibitor MKNK2 inhibitors PAK-1 inhibitor PAK-1 inhibitors PAK1 inhibitor PAK1 inhibitors PKA inhibitor PKA inhibitors Prp4 protein kinase inhibitor Prp4 protein kinase inhibitors Raf kinase inhibitor Raf kinase inhibitors Raf-1 inhibitor Raf-1 inhibitors STK32 inhibitor STK32 inhibitors T-antigen kinase inhibitor T-antigen kinase inhibitors WEE1Hu inhibitor WEE1Hu inhibitors Wee 1-like kinase inhibitor Wee 1-like kinase inhibitors Wee-kinase inhibitor Wee-kinase inhibitors betaIIPKC inhibitor betaIIPKC inhibitors cAMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitor cAMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitors cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitors cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitors calcium-dependent protein kinase C inhibitor calcium-dependent protein kinase C inhibitors calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase inhibitor calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase inhibitors casein kinase (phosphorylating) inhibitor casein kinase (phosphorylating) inhibitors casein kinase 2 inhibitor casein kinase 2 inhibitors casein kinase I inhibitor casein kinase I inhibitors casein kinase II inhibitor casein kinase II inhibitors casein kinase inhibitor casein kinase inhibitors cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitor cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitors cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitors cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase inhibitor cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase inhibitors cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase inhibitor cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase inhibitors cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors dsk1 inhibitor dsk1 inhibitors epsilon PKC inhibitor epsilon PKC inhibitors glycogen synthase a kinase inhibitor glycogen synthase a kinase inhibitors glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor glycogen synthase kinase inhibitors hydroxyalkyl-protein kinase inhibitor hydroxyalkyl-protein kinase inhibitors mitogen-activated S6 kinase inhibitor mitogen-activated S6 kinase inhibitors non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) inhibitor non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) inhibitors non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitors p21 activated kinase-1 inhibitor p21 activated kinase-1 inhibitors p82 kinase inhibitor p82 kinase inhibitors phosphorylase b kinase kinase inhibitor phosphorylase b kinase kinase inhibitors protein glutamyl kinase inhibitor protein glutamyl kinase inhibitors protein kinase (phosphorylating) inhibitor protein kinase (phosphorylating) inhibitors protein kinase A inhibitor protein kinase A inhibitors protein kinase CK2 inhibitor protein kinase CK2 inhibitors protein kinase p58 inhibitor protein kinase p58 inhibitors protein phosphokinase inhibitor protein phosphokinase inhibitors protein serine kinase inhibitor protein serine kinase inhibitors protein serine-threonine kinase inhibitor protein serine-threonine kinase inhibitors protein-aspartyl kinase inhibitor protein-aspartyl kinase inhibitors protein-cysteine kinase inhibitor protein-cysteine kinase inhibitors protein-serine kinase inhibitor protein-serine kinase inhibitors protein-serine/threonine kinase inhibitors ribosomal S6 protein kinase inhibitor ribosomal S6 protein kinase inhibitors ribosomal protein S6 kinase II inhibitor ribosomal protein S6 kinase II inhibitors serine kinase inhibitor serine kinase inhibitors serine protein kinase inhibitor serine protein kinase inhibitors serine(threonine) protein kinase inhibitor serine(threonine) protein kinase inhibitors serine-specific protein kinase inhibitor serine-specific protein kinase inhibitors serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitors threonine-specific protein kinase inhibitor threonine-specific protein kinase inhibitors twitchin kinase inhibitor twitchin kinase inhibitors type-2 casein kinase inhibitor type-2 casein kinase inhibitors CHEBI:50925 EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor An agent that modulates the physiologic angiogenesis process. This is accomplished by endogenous angiogenic proteins and a variety of other chemicals and pharmaceutical agents. CHEBI:50926 angiogenesis modulating agent A compound that specifically inhibits the reuptake of serotonin in the brain. This increases the serotonin concentration in the synaptic cleft which then activates serotonin receptors to a greater extent. SSRI serotonin reuptake inhibitor CHEBI:50949 serotonin uptake inhibitor A fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any unsaturated fatty acid. PMID:13152086 unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA A dopaminergic agent that blocks the transport of dopamine into axon terminals or into storage vesicles within terminals. Most of the adrenergic uptake inhibitors also inhibit dopamine uptake. DARI DRI dopamine reuptake inhibitor dopamine reuptake inhibitors dopamine uptake inhibitors CHEBI:51039 dopamine uptake inhibitor A drug that modulates the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. hormone receptor modulators CHEBI:51061 hormone receptor modulator A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. CHEBI:51086 chemical role Beilstein:2008796 CAS:76-43-7 DrugBank:DB01185 Drug_Central:1210 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST02020025 9-fluoro-11beta,17beta-dihydroxy-17alpha-methylandrost-4-en-3-one 11beta,17beta-Dihydroxy-9alpha-fluoro-17alpha-methyl-4-androster-3-one 17alpha-Methyl-9alpha-fluoro-11beta-hydroxytesterone 9-Fluoro-11beta,17beta-dihydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one 9alpha-Fluoro-11beta-hydroxy-17-methyltestosterone Testosterone, 9-fluoro-11beta-hydroxy-17-methyl- fluoximesterona fluoxymesterone fluoxymesteronum CHEBI:5120 fluoxymesterone Beilstein:2008796 Beilstein CAS:76-43-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1210 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMST02020025 LIPID MAPS Beilstein:2157663 CAS:13311-84-7 DrugBank:DB00499 Drug_Central:1223 LINCS:LSM-2621 2-methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide Flutamide 4'-nitro-3'-trifluoromethylisobutyranilide Eulexin Niftolide alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-2-methyl-4'-nitro-m-propionotoluidide flutamida flutamide flutamidum niftolid CHEBI:5132 flutamide Beilstein:2157663 ChemIDplus CAS:13311-84-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1223 DrugCentral A drug used to produce muscle relaxation (excepting neuromuscular blocking agents). Its primary clinical and therapeutic use is the treatment of muscle spasm and immobility associated with strains, sprains, and injuries of the back and, to a lesser degree, injuries to the neck. Also used for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions that have in common only the presence of skeletal muscle hyperactivity, for example, the muscle spasms that can occur in multiple sclerosis. muscle relaxants CHEBI:51371 muscle relaxant A drug used for its actions on skeletal muscle. CHEBI:51372 neuromuscular agent A substance, such as agonists, antagonists, degradation or uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function, used for its pharmacological actions on GABAergic systems. CHEBI:51374 GABA agent COc1ccccc1Oc1c(NS(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc2)C(C)(C)C)nc(nc1OCCO)-c1ncccn1 ATC:C02KX01 CAS:147536-97-8 DrugBank:DB00559 Drug_Central:392 LINCS:LSM-5825 Wikipedia:Bosentan 4-tert-butyl-N-[6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-2,2'-bipyrimidin-4-yl]benzenesulfonamide 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-N-(6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-(2,2'-bipyrimidin)-4-yl) benzenesulfornamide bosentan bosentanum p-tert-Butyl-N-(6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5-(o-methoxyphenoxy)-2-(2-pyrimidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulfonamide CHEBI:51450 bosentan CAS:147536-97-8 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:392 DrugCentral A hormone antagonist that blocks endothelin receptors. ERA CHEBI:51451 endothelin receptor antagonist CAS:93390-81-9 Drug_Central:1247 Fosphenytoin cerebyx fosphenytoin sodium fosphenytoin sodium hydrate CHEBI:5165 Fosphenytoin Drug_Central:1247 DrugCentral A biological role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biochemical context. CHEBI:52206 biochemical role CHEBI:52208 biophysical role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. etiopathogenetic agent etiopathogenetic role CHEBI:52209 aetiopathogenetic role A biological role which describes how a drug interacts within a biological system and how the interactions affect its medicinal properties. CHEBI:52210 pharmacological role Any molecule or ion capable of binding to a central metal atom to form coordination complexes. ligands CHEBI:52214 ligand Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. farmaco medicament pharmaceuticals CHEBI:52217 pharmaceutical A chemical substance that encourages a cell to commence cell division, triggering mitosis. mitogens CHEBI:52290 mitogen An EC 3.2.* (glycosylase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any glycosidase (i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds, EC 3.2.1.*). EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitors EC 3.2.1.* inhibitor EC 3.2.1.* inhibitors glycosidase (EC 3.2.1.*) inhibitor glycosidase (EC 3.2.1.*) inhibitors glycosidase inhibitor glycosidase inhibitors glycoside hydrolase inhibitors CHEBI:52424 EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor An inhibitor of ribonuclease H (EC 3.1.26.13), an enzyme required for specific hydrolysis of the RNA strand of an RNA/DNA hybrid. EC 3.1.26.13 (retroviral ribonuclease H) inhibitors EC 3.1.26.13 inhibitor EC 3.1.26.13 inhibitors HIV RNase H inhibitor HIV RNase H inhibitors HIV-1 RNase H inhibitor HIV-1 RNase H inhibitors HIV-1 ribonuclease H inhibitor HIV-1 ribonuclease H inhibitors RT/RNase H inhibitor RT/RNase H inhibitors retroviral reverse transcriptase RNaseH inhibitor retroviral reverse transcriptase RNaseH inhibitors retroviral ribonuclease H (EC 3.1.26.13) inhibitor retroviral ribonuclease H (EC 3.1.26.13) inhibitors retroviral ribonuclease H inhibitor CHEBI:52629 EC 3.1.26.13 (retroviral ribonuclease H) inhibitor L-Phenylalaninamide substituted at the amide nitrogen by a 1-(dihydroxyboranyl)-3-methylbutyl group and at N(alpha) by a pyrazin-2-ylcarbonyl group. It is a dipeptidyl boronic acid that reversibly inhibits the 26S proteasome. C19H25BN4O4 CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)c1cnccn1)B(O)O CAS:179324-69-7 DrugBank:DB00188 Drug_Central:391 LINCS:LSM-6281 PMID:18484921 PMID:18980173 PMID:21504411 PMID:21865767 Reaxys:8723817 Wikipedia:Bortezomib N-[(1R)-1-(dihydroxyboranyl)-3-methylbutyl]-N(alpha)-(pyrazin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-phenylalaninamide [(1R)-3-methyl-1-({(2S)-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazin-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]propanoyl}amino)butyl]boronic acid N-[(1R)-1-(DIHYDROXYBORYL)-3-METHYLBUTYL]-N-(PYRAZIN-2-YLCARBONYL)-L-PHENYLALANINAMIDE PS 341 PS-341 Velcade bortezomib CHEBI:52717 bortezomib CAS:179324-69-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:391 DrugCentral PMID:18484921 Europe PMC PMID:18980173 Europe PMC PMID:21504411 Europe PMC PMID:21865767 Europe PMC Reaxys:8723817 Reaxys A drug that blocks the action of proteasomes, cellular complexes that break down proteins. proteasome inhibitors CHEBI:52726 proteasome inhibitor C15H22O3 Cc1ccc(C)c(OCCCC(C)(C)C(O)=O)c1 Beilstein:1881200 CAS:25812-30-0 DrugBank:DB01241 Drug_Central:1285 LINCS:LSM-2227 Wikipedia:Gemfibrozil 5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid Gemfibrozil 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)valeriansaeure 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-xylyloxy)valeriansaeure 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-xylyloxy)valeric acid Gemfibrozilo Lopid gemfibrozil gemfibrozilum CHEBI:5296 gemfibrozil Beilstein:1881200 Beilstein CAS:25812-30-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1285 DrugCentral A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase IV, which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands. topoisomerase IV inhibitors CHEBI:53559 topoisomerase IV inhibitor An entity which inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors reverse transcriptase inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitors CHEBI:53756 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor A drug that suppresses spasms. These are usually caused by smooth muscle contraction, especially in tubular organs. The effect is to prevent spasms of the stomach, intestine or urinary bladder. antispasmodics CHEBI:53784 antispasmodic drug An urea that has formula C23H28ClN3O5S. CASRN:10238-21-8 DrugBank:DB01016 InChIKeyZ:NNLBTZKUZBEKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Wikipedia:Glyburide glibenclamide glyburide A drug used for its effects on the gastrointestinal system, e.g. controlling gastric acidity, regulating gastrointestinal motility and water flow, and improving digestion. gastrointestinal agent gastrointestinal agents gastrointestinal drugs CHEBI:55324 gastrointestinal drug A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Beilstein:7408417 CAS:166663-25-8 DrugBank:DB00362 PMID:15482216 PMID:16770294 PMID:17316149 PMID:19072176 PMID:19113794 PMID:19877739 PMID:19877740 PMID:19877741 PMID:19877742 PMID:24165173 PMID:24955796 PMID:25473029 Reaxys:7408417 N-{(2R,6S,9S,11R,12R,14aS,15S,16S,20S,23S,25aS)-23-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,11,12,15-tetrahydroxy-6,20-bis[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-16-methyl-5,8,14,19,22,25-hexaoxotetracosahydro-1H-dipyrrolo[2,1-c:2',1'-l][1,4,7,10,13,16]hexaazacyclohenicosin-9-yl}-4''-(pentyloxy)-1,1':4',1''-terphenyl-4-carboxamide Eraxis anidulafungin anidulafungina anidulafungine anidulafunginum CHEBI:55346 anidulafungin Beilstein:7408417 Beilstein CAS:166663-25-8 ChemIDplus CAS:166663-25-8 DrugBank PMID:15482216 Europe PMC PMID:16770294 Europe PMC PMID:17316149 Europe PMC PMID:19072176 Europe PMC PMID:19113794 Europe PMC PMID:19877739 Europe PMC PMID:19877740 Europe PMC PMID:19877741 Europe PMC PMID:19877742 Europe PMC PMID:24165173 Europe PMC PMID:24955796 Europe PMC PMID:25473029 Europe PMC Reaxys:7408417 Reaxys A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. malondialdehyde A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position. Beilstein:8076827 CAS:95233-18-4 DrugBank:DB01117 Drug_Central:258 PMID:10658902 PMID:11956677 PMID:12791689 PMID:14727190 PMID:15044733 PMID:15718226 PMID:21735454 PMID:23292347 2-[trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2-(trans-4-(p-Chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone Acuvel Mepron Wellvone atovaquone CHEBI:575568 atovaquone Beilstein:8076827 Beilstein CAS:95233-18-4 ChemIDplus CAS:95233-18-4 DrugBank Drug_Central:258 DrugCentral PMID:10658902 Europe PMC PMID:11956677 Europe PMC PMID:12791689 Europe PMC PMID:14727190 Europe PMC PMID:15044733 Europe PMC PMID:15718226 Europe PMC PMID:21735454 Europe PMC PMID:23292347 Europe PMC A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl group. C13H18O2 CC(C)Cc1ccc(cc1)C(C)C(O)=O CAS:15687-27-1 DrugBank:DB01050 2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoic acid ibuprofen Any substance that stimulates an immune response in the body, such as through antibody production or by presentation to a T-cell receptor after binding to a major histocompability complex (MHC). antigen Any EC 3.4.* (hydrolases acting on peptide bond) inhibitor that inhibits the activity of a serine endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.*). EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitors EC 3.4.21.* inhibitor EC 3.4.21.* inhibitors inhibitor of serine endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.*) inhibitor of serine endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.*)s serine endopeptidase inhibitor serine endopeptidase inhibitors CHEBI:5924 EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor An EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of squalene monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.132). EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitors squalene 2,3-oxidocyclase inhibitor squalene 2,3-oxidocyclase inhibitors squalene epoxidase inhibitor squalene epoxidase inhibitors squalene hydroxylase inhibitor squalene hydroxylase inhibitors squalene monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.132) inhibitor squalene monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.132) inhibitors squalene monooxygenase inhibitor squalene monooxygenase inhibitors squalene oxydocyclase inhibitor squalene oxydocyclase inhibitors squalene-2,3-epoxidase inhibitor squalene-2,3-epoxidase inhibitors squalene-2,3-epoxide cyclase inhibitor squalene-2,3-epoxide cyclase inhibitors CHEBI:59285 EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor CAS:76543-88-9 Interferon alfa-2a Interferon alpha-2A CHEBI:5937 Interferon alfa-2a CAS:145155-23-3 Interferon beta-1b CHEBI:5938 Interferon beta-1b Any substance that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. DNA synthesis inhibitors CHEBI:59517 DNA synthesis inhibitor CAS:54-92-2 Drug_Central:1480 LINCS:LSM-5940 Iproniazid euphozid iprazid iprazide iproniazid phosphate iproniazide iproniazide phosphate marsilid CHEBI:5958 Iproniazid Drug_Central:1480 DrugCentral A reagent that forms a bond to its reaction partner (the nucleophile) by accepting both bonding electrons from that reaction partner. electrophile electrophiles electrophilic reagents electrophilic reagent A reagent that forms a bond to its reaction partner (the electrophile) by donating both bonding electrons. nucleophile nucleophilic reagent A synthetic progestogen. progestins CHEBI:59826 progestin A drug which interferes with the binding, fusion and entry of an HIV virion to a human cell. By blocking this step in HIV's replication cycle, such agents slow the progression from HIV infection to AIDS. PMID:22470838 HIV entry inhibitor HIV entry inhibitors HIV fusion inhibitors CHEBI:59886 HIV fusion inhibitor PMID:22470838 Europe PMC A DNA polymerase inhibitor that interferes with the activity of reverse transcriptase, EC 2.7.7.49, a viral DNA polymerase enzyme that retroviruses need in order to reproduce. DNA nucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed) inhibitor DNA nucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed) inhibitors EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitors EC 2.7.7.49 inhibitor EC 2.7.7.49 inhibitors RNA revertase inhibitor RNA revertase inhibitors RNA-dependent DNA polymerase inhibitor RNA-dependent DNA polymerase inhibitors RNA-dependent deoxyribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase inhibitor RNA-dependent deoxyribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase inhibitors RNA-directed DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.49) inhibitor RNA-directed DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.49) inhibitors RNA-directed DNA polymerase inhibitor RNA-directed DNA polymerase inhibitors RNA-instructed DNA polymerase inhibitor RNA-instructed DNA polymerase inhibitors RT inhibitor RT inhibitors deoxynucleoside-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed) inhibitor deoxynucleoside-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed) inhibitors reverse transcriptase inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitors revertase inhibitor revertase inhibitors telomerase inhibitor telomerase inhibitors CHEBI:59897 EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy. Beilstein:9610508 CAS:235114-32-6 DrugBank:DB01141 PMID:17194830 PMID:17307974 PMID:17325217 PMID:17325225 PMID:17420211 PMID:17785512 5-[(1S,2S)-2-{(2R,6S,9S,11R,12R,14aS,15S,16S,20S,23S,25aS)-20-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-3-oxopropyl]-2,11,12,15-tetrahydroxy-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-16-methyl-5,8,14,19,22,25-hexaoxo-9-[(4-{5-[4-(pentyloxy)phenyl]isoxazol-3-yl}benzoyl)amino]tetracosahydro-1H-dipyrrolo[2,1-c:2',1'-l][1,4,7,10,13,16]hexaazacyclohenicosin-23-yl}-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl hydrogen sulfate 5.1:6-anhydro{(4R,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-N(2)-(4-{5-[4-(pentyloxy)phenyl]isoxazol-3-yl}benzoyl)-L-ornithyl-L-threonyl-(4R)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-(4S)-4-hydroxy-4-[4-hydroxy-3-(sulfooxy)phenyl]-L-threonyl-(3R)-3-hydroxy-L-glutaminyl-(3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-L-proline} Mycamine micafungin CHEBI:600520 micafungin Beilstein:9610508 Beilstein CAS:235114-32-6 ChemIDplus PMID:17194830 ChEMBL PMID:17307974 ChEMBL PMID:17325217 ChEMBL PMID:17325225 ChEMBL PMID:17420211 ChEMBL PMID:17785512 ChEMBL A derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at three unspecified positions. phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hydrolase acting on peptide bonds (peptidase), EC 3.4.*.*). EC 3.4.* (hydrolase acting on peptide bond) inhibitor EC 3.4.* (hydrolase acting on peptide bonds) inhibitors EC 3.4.* (hydrolases acting on peptide bond) inhibitors EC 3.4.* (peptidase) inhibitor EC 3.4.* (peptidase) inhibitors EC 3.4.* inhibitor EC 3.4.* inhibitors inhibitor of hydrolases acting on peptide bond (EC 3.4.*) inhibitors of hydrolases acting on peptide bond (EC 3.4.*) peptidase inhibitors protease inhibitor protease inhibitors CHEBI:60258 EC 3.4.* (hydrolases acting on peptide bond) inhibitor A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation between pyridine-4-carboxylic acid and hydrazine. C6H7N3O NNC(=O)c1ccncc1 CAS:54-85-3 DrugBank:DB00951 LINCS:LSM-6682 pyridine-4-carbohydrazide isoniazide A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases. Beilstein:1885770 CAS:4759-48-2 DrugBank:DB00982 Drug_Central:1508 LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPR01090021 PMID:11606947 PMID:11866680 PMID:15304471 PMID:18077132 PMID:18788179 PMID:19568610 PMID:20482692 PMID:23676507 PMID:9807973 Reaxys:1885770 (2Z,4E6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid (7E,9E,11E,13Z)-retinoic acid 13-RA 13-cis-Vitamin A acid 13-cis-retinoic acid Accutane Amnesteem Claravis Neovitamin A acid cis-RA isotretinoin isotretinoina isotretinoine isotretinoino isotretinoinum CHEBI:6067 isotretinoin Beilstein:1885770 Beilstein CAS:4759-48-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1508 DrugCentral LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMPR01090021 LIPID MAPS PMID:11606947 Europe PMC PMID:11866680 Europe PMC PMID:15304471 Europe PMC PMID:18077132 Europe PMC PMID:18788179 Europe PMC PMID:19568610 Europe PMC PMID:20482692 Europe PMC PMID:23676507 Europe PMC PMID:9807973 Europe PMC Reaxys:1885770 Reaxys An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis. CAS:84625-61-6 DrugBank:DB01167 PMID:11219548 PMID:11403818 PMID:11422002 PMID:15521894 PMID:19025521 PMID:20400651 PMID:25326091 2-(butan-2-yl)-4-{4-[4-(4-{[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one Itraconazole itraconazole Itrizole (TN) Oriconazole Sporanox (TN) CHEBI:6076 itraconazole CAS:84625-61-6 ChemIDplus PMID:11219548 Europe PMC PMID:11403818 Europe PMC PMID:11422002 Europe PMC PMID:15521894 Europe PMC PMID:19025521 Europe PMC PMID:20400651 Europe PMC PMID:25326091 Europe PMC Any substance which inhibits the action of receptors for excitatory amino acids. EAA receptor antagonist EAA receptor antagonists excitatory amino acid antagonists excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists CHEBI:60798 excitatory amino acid antagonist A lysophosphatidic acid having the unusual property of a phosphodiester moiety linked to positions sn-1 and sn1' of glycerol; and two additional fatty acids esterified to the glycerol head group. BMP is a negatively charged phospholipid found almost exclusively in late endosomes/lysosomes. BMP content is higher in alveolar macrophages (18% of total phospholipids) than in other cell types. BMP is a structural isomer of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and is synthesized through a series of acylation and deacylation steps involving a transacylase. BMP its unusual sn-1;sn-1′ structural configuration (based on the phosphate-linked glycerol carbon), which is not observed in other phospholipids. This unusual configuration is thought to play a role in the resistance of BMP to many phospholipases, and its stability in late endosomes/lysosomes. BMP stimulates the degradation of glycosphingolipids in coordination with lipid binding proteins (saposins) in lysosomes. PMID:25795792 BMP LBPA bis(monoacylglycerol) hydrogen phosphate lysobisphosphatidic acid PMID:22960355 Any substance that interacts with tubulin to inhibit or promote polymerisation of microtubules. tubulin modulators CHEBI:60832 tubulin modulator A poison that interferes with the function of the kidneys. nephrotoxins CHEBI:61015 nephrotoxin An EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the function of histone deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.98). EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitors EC 3.5.1.98 inhibitor EC 3.5.1.98 inhibitors HDAC inhibitor HDAC inhibitors HDACi HDACis HDI HDIs histone amidohydrolase inhibitor histone amidohydrolase inhibitors histone deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.98) inhibitor histone deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.98) inhibitors histone deacetylase inhibitor histone deacetylase inhibitors CHEBI:61115 EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor Any organic molecular entity derived from a fatty acid. FA derivative fatty acid derivative A fatty acyl-CoA in which the fatty acyl group has a chain length greater than C22. VLCFA-CoA very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA Any substance that interacts with tubulin to inhibit polymerisation of microtubules. PMID:17099073 microtubule destabilising agent microtubule destabilising agents microtubule destabilising role microtubule destabilizing role microtubule-destabilising agents microtubule-destabilizing agent microtubule-destabilizing agents CHEBI:61951 microtubule-destabilising agent PMID:17099073 Europe PMC An EC 2.7.10.* (protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of receptor protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.1). AATK inhibitor AATYK inhibitor AATYK2 inhibitor AATYK3 inhibitor ACH inhibitor ALK inhibitor ALK inhibitors ARK inhibitor ATP:[protein]-L-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase (receptor-type) inhibitor ATP:[protein]-L-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase (receptor-type) inhibitors AXL inhibitor BRT inhibitor Bek inhibitor Bfgfr inhibitor Bsk inhibitor C-FMS inhibitor CAK inhibitor CCK4 inhibitor CD115 inhibitor CD135 inhibitor CDw135 inhibitor CFD1 inhibitor CKIT inhibitor CSF1R inhibitor Cek1 inhibitor Cek10 inhibitor Cek11 inhibitor Cek2 inhibitor Cek3 inhibitor Cek5 inhibitor Cek6 inhibitor Cek7 inhibitor DAlk inhibitor DDR1 inhibitor DDR2 inhibitor DKFZp434C1418 inhibitor DRT inhibitor DTK inhibitor Dek inhibitor Drosophila Eph kinase inhibitor EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitors EC 2.7.10.1 inhibitor EC 2.7.10.1 inhibitors ECK inhibitor EDDR1 inhibitor EGFR inhibitor EPH inhibitor EPHA1 inhibitor EPHA2 inhibitor EPHA6 inhibitor EPHA7 inhibitor EPHA8 inhibitor EPHB1 inhibitor EPHB2 inhibitor EPHB3 inhibitor EPHB4 inhibitor EPHT inhibitor EPHT2 inhibitor EPHT3 inhibitor EPHX inhibitor ERBB inhibitor ERBB1 inhibitor ERBB2 inhibitor ERBB3 inhibitor ERBB4 inhibitor ERK inhibitor Ebk inhibitor Eek inhibitor Ehk2 inhibitor Ehk3 inhibitor Elk inhibitor EphB5 inhibitor Eyk inhibitor FGFR1 inhibitor FGFR2 inhibitor FGFR3 inhibitor FGFR4 inhibitor FLG inhibitor FLK1 inhibitor FLK2 inhibitor FLT1 inhibitor FLT2 inhibitor FLT3 inhibitor FLT4 inhibitor FMS inhibitor Fv2 inhibitor HBGFR inhibitor HEK11 inhibitor HEK2 inhibitor HEK3 inhibitor HEK5 inhibitor HEK6 inhibitor HEP inhibitor HER2 inhibitor HER3 inhibitor HER4 inhibitor HGFR inhibitor HSCR1 inhibitor HTK inhibitor IGF1R inhibitor INSR inhibitor INSRR inhibitor IR inhibitor IRR inhibitor JTK12 inhibitor JTK13 inhibitor JTK14 inhibitor JWS inhibitor K-SAM inhibitor KDR inhibitor KGFR inhibitor KIA0641 inhibitor KIAA1079 inhibitor KIAA1459 inhibitor KIT inhibitor KLG inhibitor Kil inhibitor Kin15 inhibitor Kin16 inhibitor LTK inhibitor MCF3 inhibitor MEN2A/B inhibitor MER inhibitor MERTK inhibitor MEhk1 inhibitor MST1R inhibitor MTC1 inhibitor MUSK inhibitor Mdk1 inhibitor Mdk2 inhibitor Mdk5 inhibitor Mep inhibitor Mlk1 inhibitor Mlk2 inhibitor Mrk inhibitor Myk1 inhibitor N-SAM inhibitor NEP inhibitor NET inhibitor NGL inhibitor NOK inhibitor NTRK1 inhibitor NTRK2 inhibitor NTRK3 inhibitor NTRK4 inhibitor NTRKR1 inhibitor NTRKR2 inhibitor NTRKR3 inhibitor NYK inhibitor Neu inhibitor Nsk2 inhibitor Nuk inhibitor PCL inhibitor PDGFR inhibitor PDGFRA inhibitor PDGFRB inhibitor PHB6 inhibitor PTK inhibitor PTK3 inhibitor PTK7 inhibitor RET inhibitor RON inhibitor ROR1 inhibitor ROR2 inhibitor ROS1 inhibitor RSE inhibitor RTK inhibitor RYK inhibitor SEA inhibitor SKY inhibitor STK inhibitor STK1 inhibitor Sek2 inhibitor Sek3 inhibitor Sek4 inhibitor Sfr inhibitor TEK inhibitor TIE inhibitor TIE1 inhibitor TIE2 inhibitor TIF inhibitor TKT inhibitor TRK inhibitor TRKA inhibitor TRKB inhibitor TRKC inhibitor TRKE inhibitor TYK1 inhibitor TYRO10 inhibitor TYRO3 inhibitor TYRO7 inhibitor Tyro11 inhibitor Tyro5 inhibitor Tyro6 inhibitor UFO inhibitor VEGFR1 inhibitor VEGFR2 inhibitor VEGFR3 inhibitor Vik inhibitor YK1 inhibitor Yrk inhibitor anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors ephrin-B3 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor insulin receptor protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor neurite outgrowth regulating kinase inhibitor nork inhibitor novel oncogene with kinase-domain inhibitor receptor protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor receptor protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.1) inhibitor receptor protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.1) inhibitors receptor protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor receptor protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitors CHEBI:62434 EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor An EC 1.2.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor which interferes with the action of aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1). EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitors EC 1.2.3.1 inhibitor EC 1.2.3.1 inhibitors aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) inhibitor aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) inhibitors aldehyde oxidase inhibitor aldehyde oxidase inhibitors aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitor aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase inhibitors quinoline oxidase inhibitor quinoline oxidase inhibitors retinal oxidase inhibitor retinal oxidase inhibitors retinoic acid synthase inhibitor retinoic acid synthase inhibitors CHEBI:62872 EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor An EC 2.4.2.* (pentosyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1). EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitors EC 2.4.2.1 inhibitor EC 2.4.2.1 inhibitors PNPase inhibitor PNPase inhibitors PUNPI inhibitor PUNPI inhibitors PUNPII inhibitor PUNPII inhibitors inosine phosphorylase inhibitor inosine phosphorylase inhibitors inosine-guanosine phosphorylase inhibitor inosine-guanosine phosphorylase inhibitors nucleotide phosphatase inhibitor nucleotide phosphatase inhibitors purine deoxynucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor purine deoxynucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors purine deoxyribonucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor purine deoxyribonucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors purine ribonucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor purine ribonucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1) inhibitor purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1) inhibitors purine-nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor purine-nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors purine-nucleoside:phosphate ribosyltransferase inhibitor purine-nucleoside:phosphate ribosyltransferase inhibitors CHEBI:63090 EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor The element or compound in a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction that donates an electron to another species. Wikipedia:Reducing_agent reducer reductant reducing agent A substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction. oxidant oxidiser oxidizer oxidising agent A secondary amino compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing two of the hydrogens by 2-(3-carbamoyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl and 4-phenylbutan-2-yl groups. It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure. Beilstein:2948416 CAS:36894-69-6 DrugBank:DB00598 Drug_Central:1531 LINCS:LSM-1282 PMID:21908132 PMID:22300487 PMID:22528277 PMID:23055089 PMID:28166217 Reaxys:2948416 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(1-methyl-3-phenylpropyl)amino]ethyl}benzamide Labetalol 3-Carboxamido-4-hydroxy-alpha-((1-methyl-3-phenylpropylamino)methyl)benzyl alcohol 5-(1-Hydroxy-2-(1-methyl-3-phenylpropylamino)ethyl)salicylamide kabetalol labetalol labetalolum CHEBI:6343 labetalol Beilstein:2948416 Beilstein CAS:36894-69-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1531 DrugCentral PMID:21908132 Europe PMC PMID:22300487 Europe PMC PMID:22528277 Europe PMC PMID:23055089 Europe PMC PMID:28166217 Europe PMC Reaxys:2948416 Reaxys A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase C10H12N2O4 Cc1cn([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)C=C2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O CAS:3056-17-5 DrugBank:DB00649 Drug_Central:2478 LINCS:LSM-5983 Reaxys:618327 Wikipedia:Stavudine 1-[(2R,5S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl]-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione Stavudine d4T 1-(2,3-Dideoxy-beta-D-glycero-pent-2-enofuranosyl)thymine 2',3'-Didehydro-3'-deoxythimidine 3'-Deoxy-2'-thymidinene STV Sanilvudine d4T estavudina stavudine stavudinum CHEBI:63581 stavudine CAS:3056-17-5 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2478 DrugCentral Reaxys:618327 Reaxys An aminopyrimidine that consists of 2,6-diaminopyrimidine bearing a bromo substituent at position 5, a 4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy substituent at position 4 and having a 4-cyanophenyl substituent attached to the 2-amino group. NNRTI of HIV-1, binds directly to RT and blocks RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities CAS:269055-15-4 DrugBank:DB06414 PMID:21114458 PMID:21142266 PMID:21173188 PMID:21189339 PMID:21383098 PMID:21464253 PMID:21557669 PMID:21600016 PMID:21637112 PMID:21881478 PMID:22011983 PMID:22089378 PMID:22190606 PMID:25017682 Reaxys:8945855 4-({6-amino-5-bromo-2-[(4-cyanophenyl)amino]pyrimidin-4-yl}oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile etravirine CHEBI:63589 etravirine CAS:269055-15-4 ChemIDplus PMID:21114458 Europe PMC PMID:21142266 Europe PMC PMID:21173188 Europe PMC PMID:21189339 Europe PMC PMID:21383098 Europe PMC PMID:21464253 Europe PMC PMID:21557669 Europe PMC PMID:21600016 Europe PMC PMID:21637112 Europe PMC PMID:21881478 Europe PMC PMID:22011983 Europe PMC PMID:22089378 Europe PMC PMID:22190606 Europe PMC PMID:25017682 Europe PMC Reaxys:8945855 Reaxys An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase CAS:100986-85-4 DrugBank:DB01137 Drug_Central:1569 LINCS:LSM-5270 PMID:21075586 PMID:21965436 PMID:21974858 PMID:22088660 PMID:22221614 Reaxys:5385660 (3S)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid (-)-Ofloxacin (3S)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (S)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzooxazine-6-carboxylic acid (S)-9-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7H-pyrido(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (S)-Ofloxacin L-Ofloxacin Ofloxacin S-(-)-form levofloxacin levofloxacine levofloxacino levofloxacinum CHEBI:63598 levofloxacin CAS:100986-85-4 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1569 DrugCentral PMID:21075586 Europe PMC PMID:21965436 Europe PMC PMID:21974858 Europe PMC PMID:22088660 Europe PMC PMID:22221614 Europe PMC Reaxys:5385660 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4,4-difluorocyclohexanecarboxylic acid and the primary amino group of (1S)-3-[(3-exo)-3-(3-isopropyl-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-8-yl]-1-phenylpropylamine. An antiretroviral drug, it prevents the interaction of HIV-1 gp120 and chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) necessary for CCR5-tropic HIV-1 to enter cells. CAS:376348-65-1 DrugBank:DB04835 PMID:21134404 PMID:21383098 PMID:21393136 PMID:21505306 PMID:21595497 PMID:21692669 PMID:21987241 PMID:22017448 PMID:22034870 PMID:22064539 PMID:22090117 PMID:22118500 PMID:22174038 PMID:22236118 PMID:22247337 PMID:24419064 PMID:24651825 PMID:24652492 PMID:25017682 Reaxys:10131963 4,4-difluoro-N-{(1S)-3-[(3-exo)-3-(3-isopropyl-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-8-yl]-1-phenylpropyl}cyclohexanecarboxamide maraviroc maravirocum CHEBI:63608 maraviroc CAS:376348-65-1 ChemIDplus PMID:21134404 Europe PMC PMID:21383098 Europe PMC PMID:21393136 Europe PMC PMID:21505306 Europe PMC PMID:21595497 Europe PMC PMID:21692669 Europe PMC PMID:21987241 Europe PMC PMID:22017448 Europe PMC PMID:22034870 Europe PMC PMID:22064539 Europe PMC PMID:22090117 Europe PMC PMID:22118500 Europe PMC PMID:22174038 Europe PMC PMID:22236118 Europe PMC PMID:22247337 Europe PMC PMID:24419064 Europe PMC PMID:24651825 Europe PMC PMID:24652492 Europe PMC PMID:25017682 Europe PMC Reaxys:10131963 Reaxys A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection. CAS:129618-40-2 DrugBank:DB00238 LINCS:LSM-5336 PMID:1712395 PMID:25017682 PMID:28782122 PMID:28786740 PMID:28819312 PMID:28827836 PMID:28835669 Reaxys:4757598 11-cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepin-6-one Nevirapine 11-cyclopropyl-5,11-dihydro-4-methyl-6H-dipyrido(3,2-b:2',3'-e)(1,4)diazepin-6-one NEV NVP Viramune nevirapine CHEBI:63613 nevirapine CAS:129618-40-2 ChemIDplus PMID:1712395 Europe PMC PMID:25017682 Europe PMC PMID:28782122 Europe PMC PMID:28786740 Europe PMC PMID:28819312 Europe PMC PMID:28827836 Europe PMC PMID:28835669 Europe PMC Reaxys:4757598 Reaxys A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor. CAS:174484-41-4 DrugBank:DB00932 PMID:17620375 PMID:20368406 PMID:21041916 PMID:21571982 PMID:21576452 PMID:21825300 PMID:21871444 PMID:22007990 PMID:22096044 PMID:22258921 PMID:25017682 Reaxys:7698323 N-(3-{(1R)-1-[(6R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-6-(2-phenylethyl)-6-propyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl]propyl}phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-2-sulfonamide 3'-((1R)-1-((6R)-5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-6-phenethyl-6-propyl-2H-pyran-3-yl)propyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinesulfonanilide tipranavir CHEBI:63628 tipranavir CAS:174484-41-4 ChemIDplus PMID:17620375 Europe PMC PMID:20368406 Europe PMC PMID:21041916 Europe PMC PMID:21571982 Europe PMC PMID:21576452 Europe PMC PMID:21825300 Europe PMC PMID:21871444 Europe PMC PMID:22007990 Europe PMC PMID:22096044 Europe PMC PMID:22258921 Europe PMC PMID:25017682 Europe PMC Reaxys:7698323 Reaxys 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites. Beilstein:618691 CAS:51322-75-9 DrugBank:DB00697 Drug_Central:2683 LINCS:LSM-5242 PMID:21317414 PMID:21733633 PMID:21982341 PMID:22196407 PMID:22223284 Reaxys:618691 5-chloro-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4-amine Tizanidine 5-Chloro-4-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole tizanidina tizanidine tizanidinum CHEBI:63629 tizanidine Beilstein:618691 ChemIDplus CAS:51322-75-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2683 DrugCentral PMID:21317414 Europe PMC PMID:21733633 Europe PMC PMID:21982341 Europe PMC PMID:22196407 Europe PMC PMID:22223284 Europe PMC Reaxys:618691 Reaxys Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase. DrugBank:DB00323 Drug_Central:2697 LINCS:LSM-5282 PMID:20381177 PMID:20502133 PMID:21521027 PMID:22136163 Reaxys:8151577 (3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)(4-methylphenyl)methanone 3,4-Dihydroxy-4'-methyl-5-nitrobenzophenone 3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methyl-5-nitrobenzophenone 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitro-4'-methylbenzophenone 4'-methyl-3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzophenone tolcapone CHEBI:63630 tolcapone Drug_Central:2697 DrugCentral PMID:20381177 Europe PMC PMID:20502133 Europe PMC PMID:21521027 Europe PMC PMID:22136163 Europe PMC Reaxys:8151577 Reaxys A member of the class of 1,2,4-triazines in which the triazene skeleton is substituted by amino groups at positions 3 and 5, and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 6. CAS:84057-84-1 DrugBank:DB00555 Drug_Central:1540 LINCS:LSM-4104 PMID:20825390 PMID:21242744 Reaxys:7589268 6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-diamine 3,5-diamino-6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine Lamictal lamotrigina lamotrigine lamotriginum CHEBI:6367 lamotrigine CAS:84057-84-1 ChemIDplus CAS:84057-84-1 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1540 DrugCentral PMID:20825390 Europe PMC PMID:21242744 Europe PMC Reaxys:7589268 Reaxys An antogonist that blocks chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). CCR-5 antagonist CCR-5 antagonists CCR5 antagonist CCR5 antagonists chemokine receptor 5 antagonists CHEBI:63673 chemokine receptor 5 antagonist Any compound that can be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. neuroprotectant neuroprotectants neuroprotective agents CHEBI:63726 neuroprotective agent C18H23NO6 [H][C@@]12[C@H]3CCN1CC=C2COC(=O)[C@@](O)(CO)C(=C)C\C(=C\C)C(=O)O3 A macrolide that is 13,19-didehydrosenecionan bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 12 and 18 as well as two additional oxo groups at positions 11 and 16. CAS:23246-96-0 (15Z)-12,18-dihydroxy-13,19-didehydrosenecionan-11,16-dione riddelliine An agonist at the estrogen receptor. estrogen receptor agonist An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a protein kinase C receptor protein kinase C agonists CHEBI:64018 protein kinase C agonist A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide. Beilstein:4323174 CAS:75706-12-6 DrugBank:DB01097 Drug_Central:1552 LINCS:LSM-3771 PMID:10515382 PMID:10702725 PMID:10890256 PMID:11043056 PMID:11053058 PMID:11067959 PMID:11271257 PMID:11333342 PMID:11340750 PMID:11391470 PMID:11475244 PMID:11522581 PMID:11707749 PMID:11718154 PMID:11876141 PMID:11884931 PMID:11994686 PMID:12017890 PMID:12074690 PMID:12833393 PMID:14622739 PMID:15030575 PMID:15127968 PMID:15127974 PMID:15188371 PMID:15214907 PMID:15385935 PMID:15489872 PMID:15537652 PMID:15652966 PMID:15665760 PMID:15789891 PMID:15899055 PMID:15934905 PMID:16106593 PMID:16142756 PMID:16202258 PMID:16284916 PMID:16638062 PMID:16638420 PMID:16645972 PMID:16688677 PMID:16769661 PMID:16778342 PMID:17366662 PMID:17604599 PMID:17646975 PMID:17854740 PMID:18034546 PMID:18173611 PMID:18413415 PMID:18496682 PMID:18663553 PMID:18688040 PMID:19169882 PMID:19190124 PMID:19344337 PMID:19581389 PMID:19715969 PMID:19751817 PMID:19770782 PMID:7496341 PMID:7676489 PMID:8610393 PMID:9075844 PMID:9123314 PMID:9625011 PMID:9777697 Reaxys:4323174 5-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamide Leflunomide 5-Methyl-N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4-isoxazolecarboxamide 5-Methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid (4-trifluoromethyl)anilide Arava alpha,alpha,alpha-Trifluoro-5-methyl-4-isoxazolecarboxy-p-toluidide leflunomida leflunomide leflunomidum CHEBI:6402 leflunomide Beilstein:4323174 Beilstein CAS:75706-12-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1552 DrugCentral PMID:10515382 Europe PMC PMID:10702725 Europe PMC PMID:10890256 Europe PMC PMID:11043056 Europe PMC PMID:11053058 Europe PMC PMID:11067959 Europe PMC PMID:11271257 Europe PMC PMID:11333342 Europe PMC PMID:11340750 Europe PMC PMID:11391470 Europe PMC PMID:11475244 Europe PMC PMID:11522581 Europe PMC PMID:11707749 Europe PMC PMID:11718154 Europe PMC PMID:11876141 Europe PMC PMID:11884931 Europe PMC PMID:11994686 Europe PMC PMID:12017890 Europe PMC PMID:12074690 Europe PMC PMID:12833393 Europe PMC PMID:14622739 Europe PMC PMID:15030575 Europe PMC PMID:15127968 Europe PMC PMID:15127974 Europe PMC PMID:15188371 Europe PMC PMID:15214907 Europe PMC PMID:15385935 Europe PMC PMID:15489872 Europe PMC PMID:15537652 Europe PMC PMID:15652966 Europe PMC PMID:15665760 Europe PMC PMID:15789891 Europe PMC PMID:15899055 Europe PMC PMID:15934905 Europe PMC PMID:16106593 Europe PMC PMID:16142756 Europe PMC PMID:16202258 Europe PMC PMID:16284916 Europe PMC PMID:16638062 Europe PMC PMID:16638420 Europe PMC PMID:16645972 Europe PMC PMID:16688677 Europe PMC PMID:16769661 Europe PMC PMID:16778342 Europe PMC PMID:17366662 Europe PMC PMID:17604599 Europe PMC PMID:17646975 Europe PMC PMID:17854740 Europe PMC PMID:18034546 Europe PMC PMID:18173611 Europe PMC PMID:18413415 Europe PMC PMID:18496682 Europe PMC PMID:18663553 Europe PMC PMID:18688040 Europe PMC PMID:19169882 Europe PMC PMID:19190124 Europe PMC PMID:19344337 Europe PMC PMID:19581389 Europe PMC PMID:19715969 Europe PMC PMID:19751817 Europe PMC PMID:19770782 Europe PMC PMID:7496341 Europe PMC PMID:7676489 Europe PMC PMID:8610393 Europe PMC PMID:9075844 Europe PMC PMID:9123314 Europe PMC PMID:9625011 Europe PMC PMID:9777697 Europe PMC Reaxys:4323174 Reaxys An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a protein kinase receptor. protein kinase agonists CHEBI:64106 protein kinase agonist Any chemical substance produced during the conversion of a reactant to a product. Wikipedia:Reaction_intermediate reaction intermediate An N-arylpiperazine that consists of piperazine carrying two 4-substituted phenyl groups at positions 1 and 4. A triazole antifungal drug. CAS:171228-49-2 DrugBank:DB01263 Drug_Central:3483 PMID:21762211 PMID:21967490 PMID:22058198 PMID:22176629 PMID:22215361 PMID:22215487 PMID:22286158 PMID:22290952 PMID:22303909 PMID:22324990 PMID:22330929 PMID:22380765 PMID:22391464 PMID:22391534 PMID:22427614 Reaxys:8379448 2,5-anhydro-1,3,4-trideoxy-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-({4-[4-(4-{1-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxypentan-3-yl]-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl}phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenoxy}methyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-D-threo-pentitol Noxafil SCH56592 Sch 56592 Schering 56592 posaconazole CHEBI:64355 posaconazole CAS:171228-49-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:3483 DrugCentral PMID:21762211 Europe PMC PMID:21967490 Europe PMC PMID:22058198 Europe PMC PMID:22176629 Europe PMC PMID:22215361 Europe PMC PMID:22215487 Europe PMC PMID:22286158 Europe PMC PMID:22290952 Europe PMC PMID:22303909 Europe PMC PMID:22324990 Europe PMC PMID:22330929 Europe PMC PMID:22380765 Europe PMC PMID:22391464 Europe PMC PMID:22391534 Europe PMC PMID:22427614 Europe PMC Reaxys:8379448 Reaxys A neurotransmitter transporter modulator that activates glutamate transporters. excitatory amino-acid transporter activator excitatory amino-acid transporter activators glutamate transporter activators CHEBI:64370 glutamate transporter activator A membrane transport modulator that affects the transport of neurotransmitters. neurotransmitter transporter modulators CHEBI:64371 neurotransmitter transporter modulator A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine bearing two acyl substituents at positions 1 and 2. phosphatidylcholine Any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of a sphingoid base is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxy group of the sphingoid base is esterified to phosphorylcholine. Ceramide phosphocholine sphingomyelin Any substance that causes disturbance to organisms by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale, when a sufficient quantity is absorbed by the organism. Wikipedia:Poison poisonous agent poisonous agents poisonous substance poisonous substances poisons toxic agent toxic agents toxic substance toxic substances CHEBI:64909 poison Any compound that inhibits cell division (mitosis). antimitotics mitosis inhibitor mitosis inhibitors mitotic inhibitor mitotic inhibitors CHEBI:64911 antimitotic A drug used to treat or prevent infections caused by Mycobacteria, a genus of actinobacteria. Aerobic and nonmotile, members of the genus include the pathogens responsible for causing tuberculosis and leprosy. antimycobacterial agent antimycobacterial agents antimycobacterial drugs antimycobacterials antimycobacterium CHEBI:64912 antimycobacterial drug An antiparasitic drug which is effective against Apicomplexan parasites in the genus Plasmodium. The genus contains over 200 species and includes those responsible for malaria. antiplasmodial agent antiplasmodial agents antiplasmodial drugs antiplasmodium agent antiplasmodium agents antiplasmodium drug antiplasmodium drugs CHEBI:64915 antiplasmodial drug Any protease inhibitor that restricts the action of a serine protease. serine protease inhibitors serine proteinase inhibitor serine proteinase inhibitors CHEBI:64926 serine protease inhibitor An antiviral agent that destroys or inhibits the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus. anti-AIDS agent anti-AIDS agents anti-HIV agents CHEBI:64946 anti-HIV agent An anti-HIV agent that destroys or inhibits the replication of HIV-1, the more infective and more virulent of the two types of HIV virus. anti-HIV-1 agents anti-HTLV-III agent anti-HTLV-III agents anti-LAV agent anti-LAV agents CHEBI:64947 anti-HIV-1 agent A clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids. lipoprotein A lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.34). 5-LOX inhibitor 5-LOX inhibitors 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors 5delta-lipoxygenase inhibitor 5delta-lipoxygenase inhibitors C-5-lipoxygenase inhibitor C-5-lipoxygenase inhibitors EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitors EC 1.13.11.34 inhibitor EC 1.13.11.34 inhibitors LTA synthase inhibitor LTA synthase inhibitors arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.34) inhibitor arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.34) inhibitors arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors arachidonic 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor arachidonic 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors delta(5)-lipoxygenase inhibitor delta(5)-lipoxygenase inhibitors leukotriene A4 synthase inhibitor leukotriene A4 synthase inhibitors leukotriene-A4 synthase inhibitor leukotriene-A4 synthase inhibitors CHEBI:64964 EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor Any EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3). EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitors EC 3.1.1.3 inhibitor EC 3.1.1.3 inhibitors GEH inhibitor GEH inhibitors PPL inhibitor PPL inhibitors Tween hydrolase inhibitor Tween hydrolase inhibitors Tweenase inhibitor Tweenase inhibitors Tweenesterase inhibitor Tweenesterase inhibitors butyrinase inhibitor butyrinase inhibitors cacordase inhibitor cacordase inhibitors capalase L inhibitor capalase L inhibitors glycerol ester hydrolase inhibitor glycerol ester hydrolase inhibitors glycerol-ester hydrolase inhibitor glycerol-ester hydrolase inhibitors heparin releasable hepatic lipase inhibitor heparin releasable hepatic lipase inhibitors hepatic lipase inhibitor hepatic lipase inhibitors hepatic monoacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitor hepatic monoacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitors lipase inhibitor lipase inhibitors lipazin inhibitor lipazin inhibitors liver lipase inhibitor liver lipase inhibitors pancreatic lipase inhibitor pancreatic lipase inhibitors pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase inhibitor pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase inhibitors post-heparin plasma protamine-resistant lipase inhibitor post-heparin plasma protamine-resistant lipase inhibitors salt-resistant post-heparin lipase inhibitor salt-resistant post-heparin lipase inhibitors steapsin inhibitor steapsin inhibitors triacetinase inhibitor triacetinase inhibitors triacylglycerol ester hydrolase inhibitor triacylglycerol ester hydrolase inhibitors triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) inhibitor triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) inhibitors triacylglycerol lipase inhibitor triacylglycerol lipase inhibitors tributyrase inhibitor tributyrase inhibitors tributyrin esterase inhibitor tributyrin esterase inhibitors tributyrinase inhibitor tributyrinase inhibitors triglyceridase inhibitor triglyceridase inhibitors triglyceride hydrolase inhibitor triglyceride hydrolase inhibitors triglyceride lipase inhibitor triglyceride lipase inhibitors triolein hydrolase inhibitor triolein hydrolase inhibitors tween-hydrolysing esterase inhibitor tween-hydrolyzing esterase inhibitors CHEBI:65001 EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor Any compound that has anti-asthmatic effects. anti-asthmatic agents antiasthmatic agent antiasthmatic agents CHEBI:65023 anti-asthmatic agent A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage. CAS:192939-46-1 DrugBank:DB04898 Drug_Central:2852 PMID:12846595 PMID:15487959 PMID:16084146 PMID:16106594 PMID:16123912 PMID:16511607 PMID:16767816 PMID:17319469 PMID:17636192 PMID:19028773 PMID:20020269 PMID:28338626 Reaxys:14559655 ethyl N-{(1R)-1-cyclohexyl-2-[(2S)-2-{[4-(N'-hydroxycarbamimidoyl)benzyl]carbamoyl}azetidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}glycinate Exanta Exarta H 376-95 H 376/95 H 37695 ethyl 2-[[(1R)-1-cyclohexyl-2- [(2S)-2-[[4-(N'-hydroxycarbamimidoyl) phenyl]methylcarbamoyl]azetidin-1-yl]- 2-oxo-ethyl]amino]acetate ximelagatran ximelagatran (oxime form) ximelagatranum CHEBI:65172 ximelagatran CAS:192939-46-1 ChemIDplus DrugBank:DB04898 SUBMITTER Drug_Central:2852 DrugCentral PMID:12846595 Europe PMC PMID:15487959 Europe PMC PMID:16084146 Europe PMC PMID:16106594 Europe PMC PMID:16123912 Europe PMC PMID:16511607 Europe PMC PMID:16767816 Europe PMC PMID:17319469 Europe PMC PMID:17636192 Europe PMC PMID:19028773 Europe PMC PMID:20020269 Europe PMC PMID:28338626 Europe PMC Reaxys:14559655 Reaxys Antipsychotic drugs which can have different modes of action but which tend to be less likely than first generation antipsychotics to cause extrapyramidal motor control disabilities such as body rigidity or Parkinson's disease-type movements. Antipsychotic drugs which can have different modes of action but which tend to be less likely than first generation antipsychotics to cause extrapyramidal motor control disabilities such as body rigidity or Parkinson's disease-type movements. atypical antipsychotic atypical antipsychotic agent atypical antipsychotic agents atypical antipsychotic drug atypical antipsychotic drugs atypical antipsychotics second generation antipsychotic agent second generation antipsychotic agents second generation antipsychotic drug second generation antipsychotic drugs second generation antipsychotics CHEBI:65191 second generation antipsychotic An antagonist at the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. VEGF receptor inhibitor VEGF receptor inhibitors VEGFR inhibitor VEGFR inhibitors vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonists vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors CHEBI:65207 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist An EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5). E thrombin inhibitor E thrombin inhibitors EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitors EC 3.4.21.5 inhibitor EC 3.4.21.5 inhibitors activated blood-coagulation factor II inhibitor activated blood-coagulation factor II inhibitors beta-thrombin inhibitor beta-thrombin inhibitors blood-coagulation factor IIa inhibitor blood-coagulation factor IIa inhibitors factor IIa inhibitor factor IIa inhibitors fibrinogenase inhibitor fibrinogenase inhibitors gamma-thrombin inhibitor gamma-thrombin inhibitors thrombase inhibitor thrombase inhibitors thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) inhibitor thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) inhibitors thrombin inhibitor thrombin inhibitors thrombin-C inhibitor thrombin-C inhibitors thrombofort inhibitor thrombofort inhibitors tropostasin inhibitor tropostasin inhibitors CHEBI:65232 EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor A compound that inhibits the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid. GABA antagonists gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonist gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonists CHEBI:65259 GABA antagonist Any compound which can be used to treat or alleviate the symptoms of dyskinesia. antidyskinesia agents antidyskinesia drug antidyskinesia drugs antidyskinetic agent antidyskinetic agents antidyskinetic drug antidyskinetic drugs CHEBI:66956 antidyskinesia agent CHEBI:66987 radiation protective agent Any compound which inhibits the postganglionic functioning of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). sympatholytic sympatholytic agents sympatholytic drug sympatholytic drugs sympatholytics CHEBI:66991 sympatholytic agent Any compound used to suppress premature labour and immature birth by suppressing uterine contractions. anti-contraction drug anti-contraction drugs anti-contraction medication anti-contraction medications labour repressant labour repressants tocolytic tocolytic agents tocolytic drug tocolytic drugs tocolytics CHEBI:66993 tocolytic agent A chemosterilant intended to sterilize insects. insect chemosterilant insect chemosterilants insect sterilants CHEBI:67105 insect sterilant A ryanodine receptor modulator which activates the receptor. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) act as selective ion channels, modulating the release of calcium. Activating the receptors causes the release of calcium, so depleting internal calcium and ultimately preventing further muscle contraction. Wikipedia:Ryanodine_receptor RyR activator RyR agonists ryanodine receptor agonist An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. CAS:61-68-7 DrugBank:DB00784 Drug_Central:1663 LINCS:LSM-4085 PMID:14001132 PMID:17330662 PMID:22275128 PMID:22369458 PMID:23402341 PMID:23494912 PMID:23656341 PMID:2684858 PMID:28166217 PMID:3304401 PMID:4212650 PMID:425903 PMID:4916242 PMID:5286553 PMID:577447 PMID:6155061 Reaxys:2216243 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino]benzoic acid CI-473 CN 35355 CN-35355 INF 3355 INF-3355 Mefenaminsaeure N-(2,3-xylyl)-2-aminobenzoic acid N-2,3-xylylanthranilic acid Ponstel acide mefenamique acido mefenamico acidum mefenamicum mefenamic acid CHEBI:6717 mefenamic acid CAS:61-68-7 ChemIDplus CAS:61-68-7 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1663 DrugCentral PMID:14001132 Europe PMC PMID:17330662 Europe PMC PMID:22275128 Europe PMC PMID:22369458 Europe PMC PMID:23402341 Europe PMC PMID:23494912 Europe PMC PMID:23656341 Europe PMC PMID:2684858 Europe PMC PMID:28166217 Europe PMC PMID:3304401 Europe PMC PMID:4212650 Europe PMC PMID:425903 Europe PMC PMID:4916242 Europe PMC PMID:5286553 Europe PMC PMID:577447 Europe PMC PMID:6155061 Europe PMC Reaxys:2216243 Reaxys An antogonist that interferes with the action of activator protein 1 (AP-1). AP-1 antagonist An EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20). EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitors EC 3.2.1.20 inhibitor EC 3.2.1.20 inhibitors alpha-1,4-glucosidase inhibitor alpha-1,4-glucosidase inhibitors alpha-D-glucosidase inhibitor alpha-D-glucosidase inhibitors alpha-glucopyranosidase inhibitor alpha-glucopyranosidase inhibitors alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) inhibitor alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) inhibitors alpha-glucosidase inhibitor alpha-glucosidase inhibitors alpha-glucoside hydrolase inhibitor alpha-glucoside hydrolase inhibitors glucoinvertase inhibitor glucoinvertase inhibitors glucosidoinvertase inhibitor glucosidoinvertase inhibitors glucosidosucrase inhibitor glucosidosucrase inhibitors maltase inhibitor maltase inhibitors maltase-glucoamylase inhibitor maltase-glucoamylase inhibitors CHEBI:67239 EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. CN1C(C(=O)Nc2ncc(C)s2)=C(O)c2ccccc2S1(=O)=O DrugBank:DB00814 http://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/redirect?Nikkaji_No=J22.773K 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxide MLX meloxicam A purine nucleoside analogue consisting of a 6-amino-2-chloropurin-9-yl group attached to the 1beta position of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-D-arabinofuranose. It is metabolized intracellularly to the active 5'-triphosphate metabolite, which inhibits DNA synthesisis and so stops the growth of cancer cells. Clofarabine is used as an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent in the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Beilstein:4882539 CAS:123318-82-1 DrugBank:DB00631 PMID:19929004 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-amine clofarabine (2R,3R,4S,5R)-5-(6-amino-2-chloropurin-9-yl)-4-fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-ol 2-chloro-9-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine CAFdA Cl-F-Ara-A clofarabina clofarabine clofarabinum CHEBI:681569 clofarabine Beilstein:4882539 Beilstein CAS:123318-82-1 ChemIDplus PMID:19929004 ChEMBL Any substance that inhibits the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms. Type I cell-death inhibitor apoptosis inhibitor Any substance that induces the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms. Type I cell-death inducer Type I cell-death inducers Type I programmed cell-death inducer Type I programmed cell-death inducers apoptosis inducers CHEBI:68495 apoptosis inducer A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis. C8H12O4 CCOC(=O)C=C/C(=O)OCC CAS:141-05-9 PMID:1471155 PMID:1609410 PMID:3341033 diethyl (2Z)-but-2-enedioate diethyl malate A compound which causes a reduction in the levels of glutathione in cells. glutathione depletion agent role glutathione depleting agent An EC 1.3.98.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors, with other, known, acceptors) inhibitor that interferes with the action of dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate), EC 1.3.98.1 (formerly EC 1.3.3.1). (S)-dihydroorotate:fumarate oxidoreductase inhibitor (S)-dihydroorotate:fumarate oxidoreductase inhibitors DHODH inhibitor DHODH inhibitors EC 1.3.3.1 inhibitor EC 1.3.3.1 inhibitors EC 1.3.98.1 (dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)) inhibitor EC 1.3.98.1 (dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)) inhibitors EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitors EC 1.3.98.1 inhibitor EC 1.3.98.1 inhibitors dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate) (EC 1.3.98.1) inhibitor dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate) (EC 1.3.98.1) inhibitors dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate) inhibitor dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate) inhibitors CHEBI:68542 EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor A pathway inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of pyrimidine. pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors CHEBI:68543 pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor An antagonist at the P2Y12 receptor ADP receptor subtype P2Y12 antagonist ADP receptor subtype P2Y12 antagonists P2Y12 receptor antagonists purinergic receptor subtype P2Y12 antagonist purinergic receptor subtype P2Y12 antagonists CHEBI:68563 P2Y12 receptor antagonist An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol. CAS:31828-71-4 DrugBank:DB00379 Drug_Central:1794 LINCS:LSM-1700 PMID:10883344 PMID:11009230 Reaxys:2092205 1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propan-2-amine Mexiletine (+-)-1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propan-2-amine (2RS)-1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-2-aminopropane 1-(2',6'-dimethylphenoxy)-2-aminopropane 1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-2-propanamine 1-methyl-2-(2,6-xylyloxy)ethanamine mexiletina mexiletine mexiletinum CHEBI:6916 mexiletine CAS:31828-71-4 ChemIDplus CAS:31828-71-4 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1794 DrugCentral PMID:10883344 Europe PMC PMID:11009230 Europe PMC Reaxys:2092205 Reaxys An EC 5.99.1.* (miscellaneous isomerase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any of the topoisomerases (enzymes that regulate the overwinding or underwinding of DNA). topoisomerase inhibitors CHEBI:70727 topoisomerase inhibitor A PPAR modulator which activates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha. PPAR-alpha agonist peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist PPARalpha agonist A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer. CAS:444731-52-6 Drug_Central:4118 LINCS:LSM-1114 PMID:21394443 PMID:21766486 PMID:21811833 PMID:22112314 PMID:22190407 PMID:22233389 PMID:22341567 PMID:22359392 PMID:22595799 PMID:22679111 PMID:22688250 PMID:22716487 PMID:22733110 PMID:22733795 PMID:22759480 PMID:22766517 PMID:22830347 PMID:22861374 PMID:22917595 PMID:22984765 PMID:23054212 PMID:23064954 PMID:23072642 PMID:23088634 PMID:23135778 Reaxys:11646488 5-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide GW 78603 GW786034 pazopanib pazopanibum CHEBI:71219 pazopanib CAS:444731-52-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:4118 DrugCentral PMID:21394443 Europe PMC PMID:21766486 Europe PMC PMID:21811833 Europe PMC PMID:22112314 Europe PMC PMID:22190407 Europe PMC PMID:22233389 Europe PMC PMID:22341567 Europe PMC PMID:22359392 Europe PMC PMID:22595799 Europe PMC PMID:22679111 Europe PMC PMID:22688250 Europe PMC PMID:22716487 Europe PMC PMID:22733110 Europe PMC PMID:22733795 Europe PMC PMID:22759480 Europe PMC PMID:22766517 Europe PMC PMID:22830347 Europe PMC PMID:22861374 Europe PMC PMID:22917595 Europe PMC PMID:22984765 Europe PMC PMID:23054212 Europe PMC PMID:23064954 Europe PMC PMID:23072642 Europe PMC PMID:23088634 Europe PMC PMID:23135778 Europe PMC Reaxys:11646488 Reaxys An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of a transferase (EC 2.*) EC 2 inhibitor EC 2 inhibitors EC 2.* (transferase) inhibitors EC 2.* inhibitor EC 2.* inhibitors transferase inhibitor transferase inhibitors CHEBI:71300 EC 2.* (transferase) inhibitor An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA. CAS:67-20-9 DrugBank:DB00698 Drug_Central:1949 PMID:21567157 PMID:22240115 PMID:22252772 PMID:22252808 PMID:22285235 PMID:22332195 PMID:22508296 PMID:22535452 PMID:22552451 PMID:22722224 PMID:22779302 PMID:22787489 PMID:22836745 PMID:22857139 PMID:22869929 PMID:22876623 PMID:22923965 PMID:22929632 PMID:22977056 PMID:23016316 PMID:23109011 PMID:23113731 PMID:23114172 Reaxys:8132135 1-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino}imidazolidine-2,4-dione 1-((5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino)hydantoin 1-(5-Nitro-2-furfurylidenamino)hydantoin 1-(5-Nitro-2-furfurylideneamino)hydantoin 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]hydantoin 5-Nitrofurantoin N-(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)-1-aminohydantoin nitrofurantoin nitrofurantoina nitrofurantoine nitrofurantoinum CHEBI:71415 nitrofurantoin CAS:67-20-9 ChemIDplus CAS:67-20-9 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1949 DrugCentral PMID:21567157 Europe PMC PMID:22240115 Europe PMC PMID:22252772 Europe PMC PMID:22252808 Europe PMC PMID:22285235 Europe PMC PMID:22332195 Europe PMC PMID:22508296 Europe PMC PMID:22535452 Europe PMC PMID:22552451 Europe PMC PMID:22722224 Europe PMC PMID:22779302 Europe PMC PMID:22787489 Europe PMC PMID:22836745 Europe PMC PMID:22857139 Europe PMC PMID:22869929 Europe PMC PMID:22876623 Europe PMC PMID:22923965 Europe PMC PMID:22929632 Europe PMC PMID:22977056 Europe PMC PMID:23016316 Europe PMC PMID:23109011 Europe PMC PMID:23113731 Europe PMC PMID:23114172 Europe PMC Reaxys:8132135 Reaxys An EC 2.3.1.* (acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of fatty acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.85), a multi-enzyme protein involved in fatty acid synthesis. (FAS) inhibitors EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitors EC 2.3.1.85 inhibitor EC 2.3.1.85 inhibitors acyl-CoA:malonyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (decarboxylating, oxoacyl- and enoyl-reducing and thioester-hydrolysing) inhibitor acyl-CoA:malonyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (decarboxylating, oxoacyl- and enoyl-reducing and thioester-hydrolysing) inhibitors fatty acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.85) inhibitor fatty acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.85) inhibitors fatty acid synthase inhibitor fatty acid synthase inhibitors CHEBI:71476 EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor A PPAR modulator which activates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. PPAR-gamma agonist peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist PPARgamma agonist Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity. organic compound organic molecule An agonist that binds to and activates aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs). AHR agonist aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity. CAS:220991-20-8 DrugBank:DB01283 Drug_Central:1618 PMID:14965322 PMID:15311562 PMID:15456339 PMID:17380211 PMID:19800190 PMID:21688392 PMID:22069133 PMID:22142375 PMID:22621454 PMID:22732767 Reaxys:9784107 {2-[(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)amino]-5-methylphenyl}acetic acid 2-((2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)amino)-5-methylbenzeneacetic acid COX 189 COX-189 COX189 Prexige lumiracoxib lumiracoxibum CHEBI:73044 lumiracoxib CAS:220991-20-8 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1618 DrugCentral PMID:14965322 Europe PMC PMID:15311562 Europe PMC PMID:15456339 Europe PMC PMID:17380211 Europe PMC PMID:19800190 Europe PMC PMID:21688392 Europe PMC PMID:22069133 Europe PMC PMID:22142375 Europe PMC PMID:22621454 Europe PMC PMID:22732767 Europe PMC Reaxys:9784107 Reaxys Any hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase which acts on acid anhydrides (EC 3.6.*.*). EC 3.6 inhibitor EC 3.6 inhibitors EC 3.6.* (hydrolases acting on acid anhydrides) inhibitors EC 3.6.* inhibitor EC 3.6.* inhibitors EC 3.6.*.* inhibitor EC 3.6.*.* inhibitors acid anhydride hydrolase inhibitor acid anhydride hydrolase inhibitors inhibitor of hydrolase acting on acid anhydride (EC 3.6.*) inhibitors of hydrolase acting on acid anhydride (EC 3.6.*) CHEBI:73216 EC 3.6.* (hydrolases acting on acid anhydrides) inhibitor An inhibitor of NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), a protein complex involved in the transcription of DNA. NF-kappaB inhibitors nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells inhibitor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells inhibitors CHEBI:73240 NF-kappaB inhibitor A carbonyl compound produced as a water-soluble byproduct when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver. There are three endogenous ketone bodies: acetone, acetoacetic acid, and (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid; others may be produced as a result of the metabolism of synthetic triglycerides. ketone body An antimetabolite that impairs the action of folic acids antifolates folic acid antagonist folic acid antagonists CHEBI:73913 antifolate An EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor that inhibits the action of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (EC 1.17.4.1). 2'-deoxyribonucleoside-diphosphate:thioredoxin-disulfide 2'-oxidoreductase inhibitor 2'-deoxyribonucleoside-diphosphate:thioredoxin-disulfide 2'-oxidoreductase inhibitors ADP reductase inhibitor ADP reductase inhibitors CDP reductase inhibitor CDP reductase inhibitors EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitors EC 1.17.4.1 inhibitor EC 1.17.4.1 inhibitors RR inhibitor RR inhibitors UDP reductase inhibitor UDP reductase inhibitors nucleoside diphosphate reductase inhibitor nucleoside diphosphate reductase inhibitors ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase inhibitor ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase inhibitors ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (EC 1.17.4.1) inhibitor ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (EC 1.17.4.1) inhibitors ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase inhibitor ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase inhibitors ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase inhibitor ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase inhibitors ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors CHEBI:74213 EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor An antagonist at the epidermal growth factor receptor. EGFR antagonoist EGFR antagonoists EGFR inhibitor EGFR inhibitors epidermal growth factor receptor antagonists epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors CHEBI:74440 epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist Any substance which is used to reduce or control weight. anti-obesity agents anti-obestic agent anti-obestic agents CHEBI:74518 anti-obesity agent A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17. Beilstein:2055849 Beilstein:4690380 CAS:434-22-0 DrugBank:DB00984 Drug_Central:1879 Gmelin:1228044 PMID:11888015 PMID:19055689 PMID:20020363 PMID:24405322 Reaxys:2055849 17beta-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one Nandrolone (17beta)-17-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one 17beta-hydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one 17beta-hydroxy-4-estren-3-one 17beta-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one 19-Norandrostenolone 19-Nortestosterone 4-estren-17beta-ol-3-one CHEBI:7466 nandrolone Beilstein:2055849 Beilstein Beilstein:4690380 Beilstein CAS:434-22-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1879 DrugCentral Gmelin:1228044 Gmelin PMID:11888015 Europe PMC PMID:19055689 Europe PMC PMID:20020363 Europe PMC PMID:24405322 Europe PMC Reaxys:2055849 Reaxys Beilstein:4728403 CAS:83366-66-9 DrugBank:DB01149 Drug_Central:1890 LINCS:LSM-4031 2-{3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl}-5-ethyl-4-(2-phenoxyethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one Nefazodone nefazodone 1-(3-(4-(m-Chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl)propyl)-3-ethyl-4-(2-phenoxyethyl)-delta2-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one nefazodona nefazodone nefazodonum CHEBI:7494 nefazodone Beilstein:4728403 Beilstein CAS:83366-66-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1890 DrugCentral An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties. C32H45N3O4S Cc1c(O)cccc1C(=O)N[C@@H](CSc1ccccc1)[C@H](O)CN1C[C@H]2CCCC[C@H]2C[C@H]1C(=O)NC(C)(C)C nelfinavir A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative. C26H41N3O5 PubChem:462382 C([C@H](CC(C)C)NC([C@H](CC(C)C)NC([C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1)=O)=O)(=O)[H] Wikipedia:MG132 MG-132 N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of an isomerase (EC 5.*.*.*). EC 5.* (isomerase) inhibitors EC 5.* inhibitor EC 5.* inhibitors EC 5.*.*.* inhibitor EC 5.*.*.* inhibitors isomerase (EC 5.*) inhibitor isomerase (EC 5.*) inhibitors isomerase inhibitor isomerase inhibitors CHEBI:75596 EC 5.* (isomerase) inhibitor Nilutamide, sold under the brand names Nilandron and Anandron, is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer. (by Wikipedia) C12H10F3N3O4 CC1(C)NC(=O)N(C1=O)c1ccc(c(c1)C(F)(F)F)[N+]([O-])=O Beilstein:841906 CAS:63612-50-0 DrugBank:DB00665 Drug_Central:1933 LINCS:LSM-2513 Wikipedia:Nilutamide 5,5-dimethyl-3-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione Nilutamide 5,5-Dimethyl-3-(alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-4-nitro-m-tolyl)hydantoin Nilandron nilutamida nilutamide nilutamidum CHEBI:7573 nilutamide Beilstein:841906 Beilstein CAS:63612-50-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:1933 DrugCentral Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in eukaryotes, the taxon that include members of the fungi, plantae and animalia kingdoms. eukaryotic metabolites CHEBI:75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in animals that include diverse creatures from sponges, insects to mammals. animal metabolites CHEBI:75767 animal metabolite Any animal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in mammals. mammalian metabolites CHEBI:75768 mammalian metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus). Mus musculus metabolite Mus musculus metabolites mouse metabolites CHEBI:75771 mouse metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in prokaryotes, the taxon that include members of domains such as the bacteria and archaea. prokaryotic metabolites CHEBI:75787 prokaryotic metabolite A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals. CAS:51234-28-7 DrugBank:DB04812 Drug_Central:311 PMID:19439485 PMID:19773537 PMID:21128314 PMID:22514582 PMID:23250699 PMID:2413686 PMID:2833969 PMID:2947294 PMID:3981515 PMID:6407402 PMID:6526401 PMID:6645654 PMID:6813936 PMID:6993669 PMID:6993670 PMID:6993671 PMID:6993672 PMID:7044799 PMID:7044801 PMID:7084283 PMID:7084287 PMID:7221526 Reaxys:1085080 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl]propanoic acid (+-)-benoxaprofen (1)-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)benzoxazole-5-propionic acid 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-alpha-methyl-5-benzoxazoleacetic acid 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-alpha-methyl-5-benzoxazoleacetic acid 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-alpha-methyl-5-benzoxazoleacetic acid DL-benoxaprofen Lilly 90459 benoxaprofen benoxaprofene benoxaprofeno benoxaprofenum CHEBI:76114 benoxaprofen CAS:51234-28-7 ChemIDplus CAS:51234-28-7 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:311 DrugCentral PMID:19439485 Europe PMC PMID:19773537 Europe PMC PMID:21128314 Europe PMC PMID:22514582 Europe PMC PMID:23250699 Europe PMC PMID:2413686 Europe PMC PMID:2833969 Europe PMC PMID:2947294 Europe PMC PMID:3981515 Europe PMC PMID:6407402 Europe PMC PMID:6526401 Europe PMC PMID:6645654 Europe PMC PMID:6813936 Europe PMC PMID:6993669 Europe PMC PMID:6993670 Europe PMC PMID:6993671 Europe PMC PMID:6993672 Europe PMC PMID:7044799 Europe PMC PMID:7044801 Europe PMC PMID:7084283 Europe PMC PMID:7084287 Europe PMC PMID:7221526 Europe PMC Reaxys:1085080 Reaxys An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. CAS:90101-16-9 Drug_Central:970 PMID:12093490 PMID:1365484 PMID:1365486 PMID:1365487 PMID:1365489 PMID:1365490 PMID:1365491 PMID:1487550 PMID:1507922 PMID:1507923 PMID:1507924 PMID:1545609 PMID:23656309 PMID:2778095 PMID:3110512 PMID:3221746 PMID:3278945 PMID:3489870 PMID:3762266 PMID:8489815 PMID:8492964 PMID:8616003 PMID:8656732 PMID:8983932 Reaxys:6006252 5-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide droxicam droxicamum CHEBI:76133 droxicam CAS:90101-16-9 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:970 DrugCentral PMID:12093490 Europe PMC PMID:1365484 Europe PMC PMID:1365486 Europe PMC PMID:1365487 Europe PMC PMID:1365489 Europe PMC PMID:1365490 Europe PMC PMID:1365491 Europe PMC PMID:1487550 Europe PMC PMID:1507922 Europe PMC PMID:1507923 Europe PMC PMID:1507924 Europe PMC PMID:1545609 Europe PMC PMID:23656309 Europe PMC PMID:2778095 Europe PMC PMID:3110512 Europe PMC PMID:3221746 Europe PMC PMID:3278945 Europe PMC PMID:3489870 Europe PMC PMID:3762266 Europe PMC PMID:8489815 Europe PMC PMID:8492964 Europe PMC PMID:8616003 Europe PMC PMID:8656732 Europe PMC PMID:8983932 Europe PMC Reaxys:6006252 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects. CAS:1553-60-2 Drug_Central:3293 PMID:1479559 PMID:16456879 PMID:21128314 PMID:2585272 PMID:3215965 PMID:5329891 PMID:5657238 PMID:5748163 PMID:5752436 PMID:5807207 PMID:687781 PMID:7587932 PMID:9061203 Reaxys:2046683 (4-isobutylphenyl)acetic acid [4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]acetic acid (p-Isobutylphenyl)acetic acid 4-(2-Methylpropyl)benzeneacetic acid 4-Isobutylphenylacetic acid Dytransin Ibunac ibufenac ibufenaco ibufenacum CHEBI:76158 ibufenac CAS:1553-60-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:3293 DrugCentral PMID:1479559 Europe PMC PMID:16456879 Europe PMC PMID:21128314 Europe PMC PMID:2585272 Europe PMC PMID:3215965 Europe PMC PMID:5329891 Europe PMC PMID:5657238 Europe PMC PMID:5748163 Europe PMC PMID:5752436 Europe PMC PMID:5807207 Europe PMC PMID:687781 Europe PMC PMID:7587932 Europe PMC PMID:9061203 Europe PMC Reaxys:2046683 Reaxys Any metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound. xenobiotic metabolites CHEBI:76206 xenobiotic metabolite An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline. Beilstein:2216786 CAS:72-69-5 DrugBank:DB00540 Drug_Central:1971 LINCS:LSM-4039 PMID:10379421 PMID:14561440 PMID:17071817 PMID:23280809 PMID:24037379 PMID:24368464 PMID:25224004 PMID:25480462 PMID:25569864 PMID:25592638 PMID:25683584 PMID:25707462 PMID:25749306 PMID:26086857 PMID:26453560 Reaxys:2216786 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-ylidene)-N-methylpropan-1-amine Nortriptyline 10,11-dihydro-N-methyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene-Delta(5,gamma)-propylamine 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N-methyl-1-propanamine Ateben Avantyl Aventyl Noritren Psychostyl Sensaval demethylamitriptyline desmethylamitriptyline nortriptylina nortriptyline nortriptylinum CHEBI:7640 nortriptyline Beilstein:2216786 ChemIDplus CAS:72-69-5 ChemIDplus CAS:72-69-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:1971 DrugCentral PMID:10379421 Europe PMC PMID:14561440 Europe PMC PMID:17071817 Europe PMC PMID:23280809 Europe PMC PMID:24037379 Europe PMC PMID:24368464 Europe PMC PMID:25224004 Europe PMC PMID:25480462 Europe PMC PMID:25569864 Europe PMC PMID:25592638 Europe PMC PMID:25683584 Europe PMC PMID:25707462 Europe PMC PMID:25749306 Europe PMC PMID:26086857 Europe PMC PMID:26453560 Europe PMC Reaxys:2216786 Reaxys A bridged organochlorine compound resulting from the Diels-Alder reaction of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with maleic anhydride followed by hydrolysis of the resulting anhydride. A chemical intermediate used in the preparation of fire-retardant polyester resins and plasticisers. C9H4Cl6O4 OC(=O)C1C(C(O)=O)C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl CAS:115-28-6 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chlorendic Acid A transferase inhibitor inhibiting the action of transferase of a one-carbon-containing group (EC 2.1.*.*). C1-transferase (EC 2.1.*) inhibitor C1-transferase (EC 2.1.*) inhibitors C1-transferase inhibitor C1-transferase inhibitors EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitors EC 2.1.* inhibitor EC 2.1.* inhibitors one-carbon-containing group transferase inhibitor one-carbon-containing group transferase inhibitors CHEBI:76655 EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor that interferes with the action of an acyltransferase (EC 2.3.*.*). EC 2.3.* (acyltransferase) inhibitors EC 2.3.* inhibitor EC 2.3.* inhibitors acyltransferase inhibitor acyltransferase inhibitors CHEBI:76661 EC 2.3.* (acyltransferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor inhibiting the action of a glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.*.*). EC 2.4.* (glycosyltransferase) inhibitors EC 2.4.* inhibitor EC 2.4.* inhibitors glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.*) inhibitor glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.*) inhibitors glycosyltransferase inhibitor glycosyltransferase inhibitors CHEBI:76662 EC 2.4.* (glycosyltransferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor that inhibits the transfer of an alkyl (other than methyl) or aryl group (EC 2.5.1.*). EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitors EC 2.5.1.* inhibitor EC 2.5.1.* inhibitors alkyl/aryl (non-methyl) transferase inhibitor alkyl/aryl (non-methyl) transferase inhibitors non-methyl alkyl/aryl transferase (EC 2.5.1.*) inhibitor non-methyl alkyl/aryl transferase (EC 2.5.1.*) inhibitors non-methyl alkyl/aryl transferase inhibitor non-methyl alkyl/aryl transferase inhibitors non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase inhibitor non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase inhibitors CHEBI:76663 EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor that inhibits the action of a phosphorus-containing group transferase (EC 2.7.*.*). EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitors EC 2.7.* (phosphorus-containing group transferase) inhibitor EC 2.7.* (phosphorus-containing group transferase) inhibitors EC 2.7.* inhibitor EC 2.7.* inhibitors phosphorus-containing group transferase (EC 2.7.*) inhibitor phosphorus-containing group transferase (EC 2.7.*) inhibitors phosphorus-containing group transferase inhibitor phosphorus-containing group transferase inhibitors CHEBI:76668 EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor An isomerase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any member of the group of 'other isomerases' (EC 5.99.*.*). EC 5.99.* (miscellaneous isomerases) inhibitor EC 5.99.* (miscellaneous isomerases) inhibitors EC 5.99.* (other isomerase) inhibitor EC 5.99.* (other isomerase) inhibitors EC 5.99.* (other isomerases) inhibitors EC 5.99.* inhibitor EC 5.99.* inhibitors CHEBI:76697 EC 5.99.* (other isomerases) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor which interferes with the action of a lyase (EC 4.*.*.*). Lyases are enzymes cleaving C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. EC 4.* (lyase) inhibitors EC 4.* inhibitor EC 4.* inhibitors EC 4.*.*.* inhibitor EC 4.*.*.* inhibitors lyase (EC 4.*) inhibitor lyase (EC 4.*) inhibitorS lyase inhibitor lyase inhibitors CHEBI:76710 EC 4.* (lyase) inhibitor A lyase inhibitor which inhibits the action of a C-O lyase (EC 4.2.*.*). C-O lyase (EC 4.2.*) inhibitor C-O lyase (EC 4.2.*) inhibitors C-O lyase inhibitor C-O lyase inhibitors EC 4.2.* (C-O lyase) inhibitors EC 4.2.* inhibitor EC 4.2.* inhibitors CHEBI:76712 EC 4.2.* (C-O lyase) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase (EC 1.*.*.*). EC 1.* (oxidoreductase) inhibitors EC 1.* inhibitor EC 1.* inhibitors oxidoreductase (EC 1.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase (EC 1.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase inhibitor oxidoreductase inhibitors CHEBI:76725 EC 1.* (oxidoreductase) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-OH group of donors (EC 1.1.*.*). EC 1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group) inhibitors EC 1.1.* inhibitor EC 1.1.* inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-OH group of donor inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-OH group of donors inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-OH group of donor inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-OH group of donors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group (EC 1.1.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group (EC 1.1.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group inhibitors CHEBI:76726 EC 1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors (EC 1.2.*.*). EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde or oxo group) inhibitor EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde or oxo group) inhibitors EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group) inhibitors EC 1.2.* inhibitor EC 1.2.* inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde or oxo group of donor inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde or oxo group of donors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde/oxo group of donor inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde/oxo group of donors inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde or oxo group of donor inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde or oxo group of donors inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde/oxo group of donor inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on aldehyde/oxo group of donors oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde or oxo group (EC 1.2.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde or oxo group (EC 1.2.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde or oxo group inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde or oxo group inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group (EC 1.2.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group (EC 1.2.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group inhibitors CHEBI:76727 EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-CH group of donors (EC 1.3.*.*). EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitors EC 1.3.* inhibitor EC 1.3.* inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donor inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donor inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group (EC 1.3.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group (EC 1.3.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group inhibitors CHEBI:76729 EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-NH group of donors (EC 1.5.*.*). EC 1.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group) inhibitors EC 1.5.* inhibitor EC 1.5.* inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-NH group of donor inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-NH group of donors inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-NH group of donor inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-NH group of donors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group (EC 1.5.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group (EC 1.5.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76731 EC 1.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH (EC 1.6.*.*). EC 1.6.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH) inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH (EC 1.6.*) inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH (EC 1.6.*) oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH (EC 1.6.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH (EC 1.6.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH inhibitors CHEBI:76733 EC 1.6.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase of class EC 1.8.*.* (acting on a sulfur group of donors). EC 1.8.* (oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors) inhibitors EC 1.8.* inhibitor EC 1.8.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on a sulfur group of donors (EC 1.8.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on a sulfur group of donors (EC 1.8.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76735 EC 1.8.* (oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors (EC 1.10.*.*). EC 1.10.* (oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors) inhibitors EC 1.10.* (oxidoreductases acting on diphenols and related substances as donors) inhibitor EC 1.10.* (oxidoreductases acting on diphenols and related substances as donors) inhibitors EC 1.10.* inhibitor EC 1.10.* inhibitors inhibitor of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donor inhibitor of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donor (EC 1.10.*) inhibitor of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors inhibitors of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donor inhibitors of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donor (EC 1.10.*) inhibitors of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors CHEBI:76737 EC 1.10.* (oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases), EC 1.13.*.*. EC 1.13.* [oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)] inhibitors EC 1.13.* inhibitor EC 1.13.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) (EC 1.13.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) (EC 1.13.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) inhibitors CHEBI:76740 EC 1.13.* [oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)] inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on hydrogen as donors (EC 1.14.*.*). EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitors EC 1.14.* inhibitor EC 1.14.* inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.*) inhibitor of oxidoreductases acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.*) inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.*) inhibitors of oxidoreductases acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.*) oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen inhibitors CHEBI:76741 EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 (EC 1.17.*.*). EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitors EC 1.17.* inhibitor EC 1.17.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 (EC 1.17.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 (EC 1.17.*) inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 inhibitors CHEBI:76744 EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor Any enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase (EC 3.*.*.*). EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitors EC 3.* inhibitor EC 3.* inhibitors EC 3.*.*.* inhibitor EC 3.*.*.* inhibitors hydrolase (EC 3.*) inhibitor hydrolase (EC 3.*) inhibitors hydrolase inhibitor hydrolase inhibitors CHEBI:76759 Wikipedia:Hydrolase EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.*.*). EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitors EC 3.1.* inhibitor EC 3.1.* inhibitors ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.*) inhibitor ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.*) inhibitors ester hydrolase inhibitor ester hydrolase inhibitors CHEBI:76760 EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any glycosylase (EC 3.2.*.*). EC 3.2.* (glycosylase) inhibitors EC 3.2.* inhibitor EC 3.2.* inhibitors glycosylase (EC 3.2.*) inhibitor glycosylase (EC 3.2.*) inhibitors glycosylase inhibitor glycosylase inhibitors CHEBI:76761 EC 3.2.* (glycosylase) inhibitor Any hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase acting on C-N bonds, other than peptide bonds (EC 3.5.*.*). EC 3.5.* (hydrolase acting on non-peptide C-N bond) inhibitor EC 3.5.* (hydrolase acting on non-peptide C-N bond) inhibitors EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on C-N bonds, other than peptide bonds) inhibitor EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on C-N bonds, other than peptide bonds) inhibitors EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitors EC 3.5.* inhibitor EC 3.5.* inhibitors CHEBI:76764 EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a carboxylic ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.*). EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitors EC 3.1.1.* inhibitor EC 3.1.1.* inhibitors carboxylic ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.*) inhibitor carboxylic ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76773 EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any phosphoric monoester hydrolase (EC 3.1.3.*). EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitors EC 3.1.3.* inhibitor EC 3.1.3.* inhibitors inhibitor of phosphoric monoester hydrolase inhibitor of phosphoric monoester hydrolase (EC 3.1.3.*) inhibitors of phosphoric monoester hydrolase inhibitors of phosphoric monoester hydrolase (EC 3.1.3.*) phosphoric monoester hydrolase (EC 3.1.3.*) inhibitor phosphoric monoester hydrolase (EC 3.1.3.*) inhibitors phosphoric monoester hydrolase inhibitor phosphoric monoester hydrolase inhibitors CHEBI:76775 EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor Any EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of prolyl oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26). EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitors EC 3.4.21.26 inhibitor EC 3.4.21.26 inhibitors endoprolylpeptidase inhibitor endoprolylpeptidase inhibitors post-proline cleaving enzyme inhibitor post-proline cleaving enzyme inhibitors post-proline endopeptidase inhibitor post-proline endopeptidase inhibitors proline endopeptidase inhibitor proline endopeptidase inhibitors proline-specific endopeptidase inhibitor proline-specific endopeptidase inhibitors prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors prolyl oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26) inhibitor prolyl oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26) inhibitors prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor CHEBI:76779 EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any endoribonuclease producing 5'-phosphomonoesters (EC 3.1.26.*). EC 3.1.26.* (endoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters) inhibitors EC 3.1.26.* inhibitor EC 3.1.26.* inhibitors endoribonuclease producing 5'-phosphomonoesters (EC 3.1.26.*) inhibitor endoribonuclease producing 5'-phosphomonoesters (EC 3.1.26.*) inhibitors endoribonuclease producing 5'-phosphomonoesters inhibitor endoribonuclease producing 5'-phosphomonoesters inhibitors CHEBI:76785 EC 3.1.26.* (endoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters) inhibitor An EC 2.4.* (glycosyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any pentosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.*). EC 2.4.2.* (pentosyltransferase) inhibitors EC 2.4.2.* inhibitor EC 2.4.2.* inhibitors pentosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.*) inhibitor pentosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.*) inhibitors pentosyltransferase inhibitor pentosyltransferase inhibitors CHEBI:76790 EC 2.4.2.* (pentosyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18). EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitors EC 2.5.1.18 inhibitor EC 2.5.1.18 inhibitors RX:glutathione R-transferase inhibitor RX:glutathione R-transferase inhibitors S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase inhibitor S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase inhibitors glutathione S-alkyl transferase inhibitor glutathione S-alkyl transferase inhibitors glutathione S-alkyltransferase inhibitor glutathione S-alkyltransferase inhibitors glutathione S-aralkyltransferase inhibitor glutathione S-aralkyltransferase inhibitors glutathione S-aryltransferase inhibitor glutathione S-aryltransferase inhibitors glutathione S-transferase inhibitor glutathione S-transferase inhibitors glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitors glutathione transferase inhibitor glutathione transferase inhibitors CHEBI:76797 EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.*). EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitors EC 3.5.1.* inhibitor EC 3.5.1.* inhibitors non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.*) inhibitor non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76807 EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12). EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase inhibitor sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase inhibitor role An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any protein-serine/threonine kinase (EC 2.7.11.*). EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitors EC 2.7.11.* inhibitor EC 2.7.11.* inhibitors protein-serine/threonine kinase (EC 2.7.11.*) inhibitor protein-serine/threonine kinase (EC 2.7.11.*) inhibitors protein-serine/threonine kinase inhibitor protein-serine/threonine kinase inhibitors CHEBI:76812 EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.*). EC 2.7.7.* (nucleotidyltransferase) inhibitors inhibitor of nucleotidyltransferases inhibitor of nucleotidyltransferases (EC 2.7.7.*) inhibitors of nucleotidyltransferases inhibitors of nucleotidyltransferases (EC 2.7.7.*) nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.*) inhibitor nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.*) inhibitors nucleotidyltransferase inhibitor nucleotidyltransferase inhibitors CHEBI:76815 EC 2.7.7.* (nucleotidyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.*). EC 2.7.10.* (protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitors EC 2.7.10.* inhibitor EC 2.7.10.* inhibitors protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.*) inhibitor protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.*) inhibitors protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitors CHEBI:76817 EC 2.7.10.* (protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor An EC 5.99.* (other isomerases) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of any enzyme in the EC 5.99.1.* class. EC 5.99.1.* (miscellaneous isomerase) inhibitors EC 5.99.1.* inhibitor EC 5.99.1.* inhibitors CHEBI:76830 EC 5.99.1.* (miscellaneous isomerase) inhibitor An EC 2.5.* (transferase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of any transferase that transfers an alkyl (other than methyl) or aryl group (EC 2.5.*). EC 2.5.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitors EC 2.5.* inhibitor EC 2.5.* inhibitors non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase (EC 2.5.*) inhibitor non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase (EC 2.5.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76834 EC 2.5.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor An EC 1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group) inhibitor that uses NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.1.1.*). EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+)acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.1.1.* inhibitor EC 1.1.1.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor (EC 1.1.1.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor (EC 1.1.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76835 EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.13.* [oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)] inhibitor that inhibits the action of any oxidoreductase incorporating 2 atoms of oxygen (EC 1.13.11.*). EC 1.13.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 O atoms) inhibitors EC 1.13.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 atoms of oxygen) inhibitor EC 1.13.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 atoms of oxygen) inhibitors EC 1.13.11.* inhibitor EC 1.13.11.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 atoms of oxygen (EC 1.13.11.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 atoms of oxygen (EC 1.13.11.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76837 EC 1.13.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 O atoms) inhibitor An EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme incorporating one atom of oxygen and using reduced flavin or flavoprotein as donor (EC 1.14.14.*). EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitors EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitors EC 1.14.14.* inhibitor EC 1.14.14.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor (EC 1.14.14.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor (EC 1.14.14.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76838 EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor An EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any enzyme in the EC 1.14.99.* (miscellaneous) category. EC 1.14.99.* (miscellaneous oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitors EC 1.14.99.* inhibitor EC 1.14.99.* inhibitors miscellaneous oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.99.*) inhibitor miscellaneous oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (EC 1.14.99.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76840 EC 1.14.99.* (miscellaneous oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor An EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme incorporating one atom of oxygen and using NADH or NADPH as one donor (EC 1.14.13.*). EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitors EC 1.14.13.* inhibitor EC 1.14.13.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor (EC 1.14.13.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor (EC 1.14.13.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76841 EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitor An EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of any such enzyme that uses a disulfide as acceptor (EC 1.17.4.*). EC 1.17.4.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with a disulfide as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.17.4.* inhibitor EC 1.17.4.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with a disulfide as acceptor (EC 1.17.4.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with a disulfide as acceptor (EC 1.17.4.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76848 EC 1.17.4.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with a disulfide as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor that interferes with the function of any such enzyme that uses oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.17.3.*). EC 1.17.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.17.3.* inhibitor EC 1.17.3.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.17.3.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.17.3.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76850 EC 1.17.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.2.1.*). EC 1.2.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.2.1.* inhibitor EC 1.2.1.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.2.1.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.2.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76852 EC 1.2.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.2.3.*). EC 1.2.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.2.3.* inhibitor EC 1.2.3.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.2.3.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.2.3.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76853 EC 1.2.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitor that interferes with the function of any such enzyme in the EC 1.3.98.* (with other, known, acceptors) category. EC 1.3.98.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors, with other, known, acceptors) inhibitor EC 1.3.98.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors, with other, known, acceptors) inhibitors EC 1.3.98.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group, with other, known, acceptors) inhibitors EC 1.3.98.* inhibitor EC 1.3.98.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors, with other, known, acceptors (EC 1.3.98.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donors, with other, known, acceptors (EC 1.3.98.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76858 EC 1.3.98.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group, with other, known, acceptors) inhibitor An EC 1.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.5.1.*). EC 1.5.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.5.1.* inhibitor EC 1.5.1.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.5.1.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.5.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76863 EC 1.5.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.6.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using a quinone or similar as acceptor (EC 1.6.5.*). EC 1.6.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.6.5.* inhibitor EC 1.6.5.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar as acceptor (EC 1.6.5.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar as acceptor (EC 1.6.5.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76866 EC 1.6.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.8.* (oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.8.1.*). EC 1.8.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.8.1.* inhibitor EC 1.8.1.* inhibitors oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.8.1.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.8.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76869 EC 1.8.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.*). EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferase) inhibitor EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferase) inhibitors EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferases) inhibitors EC 2.1.1.* inhibitor EC 2.1.1.* inhibitors methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.*) inhibitor methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76871 EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferases) inhibitor An EC 2.3.* (acyltransferase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of any acyltransferase transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (EC 2.3.1.*). EC 2.3.1.* (acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group) inhibitors EC 2.3.1.* inhibitor EC 2.3.1.* inhibitors acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group EC 2.3.1.* inhibitor acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group EC 2.3.1.* inhibitors CHEBI:76878 EC 2.3.1.* (acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group) inhibitor An EC 3.6.* (hydrolases acting on acid anhydrides) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme that catalyses transmembrane movement of substances (EC 3.6.3.*). EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitors EC 3.6.3.* inhibitor EC 3.6.3.* inhibitors acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances (EC 3.6.3.*) inhibitor acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances (EC 3.6.3.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76895 EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor An EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of an unspecified monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.1). EC 1.14.14.1 (unspecific monooxygenase) inhibitors EC 1.14.14.1 inhibitor EC 1.14.14.1 inhibitors aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitor aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitors aryl-4-monooxygenase inhibitor aryl-4-monooxygenase inhibitors flavoprotein monooxygenase inhibitor flavoprotein monooxygenase inhibitors flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase inhibitor flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase inhibitors microsomal P-450 inhibitor microsomal P-450 inhibitors microsomal monooxygenase inhibitor microsomal monooxygenase inhibitors substrate,reduced-flavoprotein:oxygen oxidoreductase (RH-hydroxylating or -epoxidising) inhibitor substrate,reduced-flavoprotein:oxygen oxidoreductase (RH-hydroxylating or -epoxidising) inhibitors unspecific monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.1) inhibitor unspecific monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.1) inhibitors unspecific monooxygenase inhibitor unspecific monooxygenase inhibitors xenobiotic monooxygenase inhibitor xenobiotic monooxygenase inhibitors CHEBI:76898 EC 1.14.14.1 (unspecific monooxygenase) inhibitor An EC 4.2.* (C-O lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hydro-lyase (EC 4.2.1.*). EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyase) inhibitor EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyase) inhibitors EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyases) inhibitors EC 4.2.1.* inhibitor EC 4.2.1.* inhibitors hydro-lyase (EC 4.2.1.*) inhibitor hydro-lyase (EC 4.2.1.*) inhibitors CHEBI:76907 EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyases) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with one or more steps in a metabolic pathway. An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with one or more steps in a signaling or metabolic pathway. metabolic pathway inhibitor metabolic pathway inhibitors pathway inhibitors CHEBI:76932 pathway inhibitor Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in fungi, the kingdom that includes microorganisms such as the yeasts and moulds. fungal metabolites CHEBI:76946 fungal metabolite Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Penicillium. Penicillium metabolites CHEBI:76964 Penicillium metabolite Any human metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound in humans. human xenobiotic metabolites CHEBI:76967 human xenobiotic metabolite Any prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria. CHEBI:76969 bacterial metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli. E.coli metabolite E.coli metabolites Escherichia coli metabolites CHEBI:76971 Escherichia coli metabolite An antagonist that binds to and inactivates aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs). AhR antagonist AhR receptor antagonist aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist An EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using a quinone or related compound as acceptor (EC 1.3.5.*). EC 1.3.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.3.5.* inhibitor EC 1.3.5.* inhibitors inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor inhibitor of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor (EC 1.3.5.*) inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor inhibitors of oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor (EC 1.3.5.*) oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor (EC 1.3.5.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor (EC 1.3.5.*) inhibitors CHEBI:77102 EC 1.3.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.3.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), EC 1.3.5.2. (S)-dihydroorotate:(acceptor) oxidoreductase inhibitor (S)-dihydroorotate:(acceptor) oxidoreductase inhibitors (S)-dihydroorotate:acceptor oxidoreductase inhibitor (S)-dihydroorotate:acceptor oxidoreductase inhibitors (S)-dihydroorotate:quinone oxidoreductase inhibitor (S)-dihydroorotate:quinone oxidoreductase inhibitors DHOD inhibitor DHOD inhibitors DHODH inhibitor DHODH inhibitors DHOdehase inhibitor DHOdehase inhibitors EC 1.3.5.2 (dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)) inhibitor EC 1.3.5.2 (dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)) inhibitors EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitors EC 1.3.5.2 inhibitor EC 1.3.5.2 inhibitors dihydroorotate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitor dihydroorotate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitors CHEBI:77103 EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor An EC 1.10.* (oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using a cytochrome as acceptor (EC 1.10.2.*). EC 1.10.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor) inhibitors EC 1.10.2.* inhibitor EC 1.10.2.* inhibitors inhibitor of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor (EC 1.10.2.*) inhibitors of an oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor (EC 1.10.2.*) oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor (EC 1.10.2.*) inhibitor oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor (EC 1.10.2.*) inhibitors CHEBI:77105 EC 1.10.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.10.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on diphenols and related substances as donors with a cytochrome as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of quinol--cytochrome-c reductase (EC 1.10.2.2). EC 1.10.2.2 (quinol--cytochrome-c reductase) inhibitors EC 1.10.2.2 inhibitor EC 1.10.2.2 inhibitors inhibitor of quinol--cytochrome-c reductase (EC 1.10.2.2) inhibitors of quinol--cytochrome-c reductase (EC 1.10.2.2) quinol--cytochrome-c reductase (EC 1.10.2.2) inhibitor quinol--cytochrome-c reductase (EC 1.10.2.2) inhibitors CHEBI:77106 EC 1.10.2.2 (quinol--cytochrome-c reductase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of IkappaB kinase (EC 2.7.11.10). Wikipedia:IkappaB_kinase EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor ATP:[IkappaB protein] phosphotransferase inhibitor IKK inhibitor IkappaB kinase inhibitor IkappaB kinase inhibitor An agonist that selectively binds to and activates androstane receptors. Wikipedia:Constitutive_androstane_receptor CAR agonist constitutive androstane receptor agonist androstane receptor agonist An EC 1.8.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of trypanothione-disulfide reductase (EC 1.8.1.12). EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitors EC 1.8.1.12 inhibitor EC 1.8.1.12 inhibitors N(1),N(8)-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine reductase inhibitor N(1),N(8)-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine reductase inhibitors NADPH2:trypanothione oxidoreductase inhibitor NADPH2:trypanothione oxidoreductase inhibitors NADPH:trypanothione oxidoreductase inhibitor NADPH:trypanothione oxidoreductase inhibitors trypanothione reductase inhibitor trypanothione reductase inhibitors trypanothione-disulfide reductase (EC 1.8.1.12) inhibitor trypanothione-disulfide reductase (EC 1.8.1.12) inhibitors trypanothione:NADP(+) oxidoreductase inhibitor trypanothione:NADP(+) oxidoreductase inhibitors CHEBI:77402 EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor A role played by the entity that activates p53. p53 activator Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). H. sapiens metabolite H. sapiens metabolites Homo sapiens metabolite Homo sapiens metabolites CHEBI:77746 human metabolite An EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor that interferes with the action of xenobiotic-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.44). ATP phosphohydrolase (steroid-exporting) inhibitor ATP phosphohydrolase (steroid-exporting) inhibitors ATP phosphohydrolase (xenobiotic-exporting) inhibitor ATP phosphohydrolase (xenobiotic-exporting) inhibitors EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitors EC 3.6.3.44 inhibitor EC 3.6.3.44 inhibitors MDR protein inhibitor MDR protein inhibitors P-glycoprotein inhibitor P-glycoprotein inhibitors PDR protein inhibitor PDR protein inhibitors multidrug-resistance protein inhibitor multidrug-resistance protein inhibitors pleiotropic-drug-resistance protein inhibitor pleiotropic-drug-resistance protein inhibitors steroid-transporting ATPase inhibitor steroid-transporting ATPase inhibitors xenobiotic-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.44) inhibitor xenobiotic-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.44) inhibitors xenobiotic-transporting ATPase inhibitor xenobiotic-transporting ATPase inhibitors CHEBI:77748 EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor Beilstein:5480667 DrugBank:DB00621 Drug_Central:2011 17beta-hydroxy-17alpha-methyl-2-oxa-5alpha-androstan-3-one Oxandrolone oxandrolona oxandrolone oxandrolonum CHEBI:7820 oxandrolone Beilstein:5480667 Beilstein Drug_Central:2011 DrugCentral Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects. environmental contaminants CHEBI:78298 environmental contaminant Any EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of carboxylesterase (EC 3.1.1.1 ). Alpha-carboxylesterase inhibitor Alpha-carboxylesterase inhibitors Beta-esterase inhibitor Beta-esterase inhibitors EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitors ali-esterase inhibitor ali-esterase inhibitors butyrate esterase inhibitor butyrate esterase inhibitors butyryl esterase inhibitor butyryl esterase inhibitors carboxyl ester hydrolase inhibitor carboxyl ester hydrolase inhibitors carboxylate esterase inhibitor carboxylate esterase inhibitors carboxylesterase inhibitor carboxylesterase inhibitors carboxylic acid esterase inhibitor carboxylic acid esterase inhibitors carboxylic esterase inhibitor carboxylic esterase inhibitors carboxylic-ester hydrolase inhibitor carboxylic-ester hydrolase inhibitors cocaine esterase inhibitor cocaine esterase inhibitors esterase A inhibitor esterase A inhibitors esterase B inhibitor esterase B inhibitors esterase D inhibitor esterase D inhibitors methylbutyrase inhibitor methylbutyrase inhibitors methylbutyrate esterase inhibitor methylbutyrate esterase inhibitors monobutyrase inhibitor monobutyrase inhibitors nonspecific carboxylesterase inhibitor nonspecific carboxylesterase inhibitors procaine esterase inhibitor procaine esterase inhibitors propionyl esterase inhibitor propionyl esterase inhibitors serine esterase inhibitor serine esterase inhibitors triacetin esterase inhibitor triacetin esterase inhibitors vitamin A esterase inhibitor vitamin A esterase inhibitors CHEBI:78444 EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects. CAS:434-07-1 PMID:11071398 PMID:1125426 PMID:11440282 PMID:21860526 Reaxys:2623806 17beta-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethylidene)-17-methyl-5alpha-androstan-3-one (5alpha,17beta)-17-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethylidene)-17-methylandrostan-3-one 17alpha-methyl-2-hydroxymethylene-17-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one 17beta-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethylene)-17-methyl-5alpha-androstan-3-one 2-hydroxymethylene-17alpha-methyl-17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one 2-hydroxymethylene-17alpha-methyl-5alpha-androstan-17beta-ol-3-one 2-hydroxymethylene-17alpha-methyldihydrotestosterone 4,5alpha-dihydro-2-hydroxymethylene-17alpha-methyltestosterone Adroyd Anadrol-50 Anapolon Nastenon Pardroyd Plenastril Protanabol Synasteron oximetolona oxymetholone oxymetholonum CHEBI:7864 oxymetholone CAS:434-07-1 ChemIDplus CAS:434-07-1 NIST Chemistry WebBook PMID:11071398 Europe PMC PMID:1125426 Europe PMC PMID:11440282 Europe PMC PMID:21860526 Europe PMC Reaxys:2623806 Reaxys A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17β-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage. InChIKey:MTKNDAQYHASLID-QXYWQCSFSA-N Nikkaji:J386.923G http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C025483 Estradiol-17beta-glucuronide 17β-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity. CAS:2152-34-3 DrugBank:DB01230 Drug_Central:2075 LINCS:LSM-5159 PMID:11216184 PMID:2210262 PMID:2303976 PMID:2388127 PMID:4021028 PMID:641739 PMID:772696 Reaxys:151559 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one 2-Amino-5-phenyl-4(5H)-oxazolone 2-imino-4-keto-5-phenyltetrahydrooxazole 2-imino-5-phenyl-4-oxazolidinone 5-phenyl-2-imino-4-oxazolidinone 5-phenyl-2-imino-4-oxooxazolidine 5-phenylisohydantion Azoxodon Betanamin Cylert Dantromin Deltamine Hyton Myamin Nitan Notair pemolina pemoline pemolinum pheniminooxazolidinone phenylisohydantoin phenylpseudohydantoin CHEBI:7953 pemoline CAS:2152-34-3 ChemIDplus CAS:2152-34-3 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2075 DrugCentral PMID:11216184 Europe PMC PMID:2210262 Europe PMC PMID:2303976 Europe PMC PMID:2388127 Europe PMC PMID:4021028 Europe PMC PMID:641739 Europe PMC PMID:772696 Europe PMC Reaxys:151559 Reaxys A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. C12H12N2O3 CCC1(C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O)c1ccccc1 CAS:50-06-6 CHEBI:8069 DrugBank:DB01174 Open TG-Gates compound_id=00004 https://livertox.nlm.nih.gov//Phenobarbital.htm phenobarbital A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing two phenyl substituents at position 5. Beilstein:384532 CAS:57-41-0 DrugBank:DB00252 Drug_Central:2152 LINCS:LSM-5663 PMID:10698828 PMID:12952753 PMID:15246836 PMID:15744730 PMID:16303054 PMID:7105825 PMID:7602118 PMID:9186244 Reaxys:384532 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione 5,5-Diphenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione 5,5-diphenyltetrahydro-1H-2,4-imidazoledione DILANTIN PHENTYTOIN fenitoina phenytoin phenytoine phenytoinum CHEBI:8107 phenytoin Beilstein:384532 Beilstein CAS:57-41-0 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2152 DrugCentral PMID:10698828 Europe PMC PMID:12952753 Europe PMC PMID:15246836 Europe PMC PMID:15744730 Europe PMC PMID:16303054 Europe PMC PMID:7105825 Europe PMC PMID:7602118 Europe PMC PMID:9186244 Europe PMC Reaxys:384532 Reaxys An animal metabolite produced by arthropods such as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimps and krill. crustacean metabolites CHEBI:83039 crustacean metabolite A Daphnia metabolite produced by the species Daphnia magna. Daphnia magna metabolites CHEBI:83056 Daphnia magna metabolite A crustacean metabolite produced by the genus of small planktonic arthropods, Daphnia Daphnia metabolites CHEBI:83057 Daphnia metabolite Any compound that inhibits the biosynthesis of any sterol. sterol biosynthesis inhibitors CHEBI:83317 sterol biosynthesis inhibitor Any hepatotoxic agent capable of inducing liver steatosis or fatty liver disease. hepatic steatosis inducing drugs hepatic steatosis inducing agent A hydrazine in which each nitrogen atom is substituted, one by a 3'-carboxy-2-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl group and the other by a 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazol-4-ylidene group. A small molecule agonist of the c-mpl (TpoR) receptor (the physiological target of the hormone thrombopoietin), it has been developed as a medication for conditions that lead to thrombocytopenia (abnormally low platelet counts). CAS:496775-61-2 Drug_Central:4399 PMID:24433306 PMID:25063763 PMID:25170628 PMID:25400215 PMID:25578417 PMID:25700916 3'-{(2Z)-2-[1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazol-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl}-2'-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid 3'-{(2Z)-2-[1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazol-4-ylidene]hydrazino}-2'-hydroxybiphenyl-3-carboxylic acid CHEBI:85010 eltrombopag CAS:496775-61-2 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:4399 DrugCentral PMID:24433306 Europe PMC PMID:25063763 Europe PMC PMID:25170628 Europe PMC PMID:25400215 Europe PMC PMID:25578417 Europe PMC PMID:25700916 Europe PMC An agonist that selectively binds to and activates the thrombopoietin receptor [myeloproliferative leukemia protein or CD110 (Cluster of Differentiation 110)]. TPO receptor agonist TPO receptor agonists thrombopoietin receptor agonists CHEBI:85012 thrombopoietin receptor agonist Any antifungal agent used to prevent or treat fungal infections in humans or animals. Wikipedia:Antifungal antifungal drug Any substance used in acriculture, horticulture, forestry, etc. for its fungicidal properties. agrichemical fungicide agrichemical fungicides agrochemical fungicide agrochemical fungicides anti-fungal agrichemical anti-fungal agrichemicals anti-fungal agrochemical anti-fungal agrochemicals antifungal agrichemical antifungal agrichemicals antifungal agrochemicals CHEBI:86328 antifungal agrochemical Any drug which causes the onset of an allergic reaction. allergenic drug CHEBI:88188 drug allergen Any compound that inhibits the process of autophagy (the self-digestion of one or more components of a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell). PMID:24830781 PMID:25727221 PMID:25793774 PMID:25896709 Wikipedia:Autophagy autophagocytosis inhibitor autophagy inhibitor CAS:1744-22-5 Drug_Central:2382 LINCS:LSM-2471 Riluzole 6-Trifluoromethoxybenzothiazol-2-ylamine RP-54274 RP54274 rilutek rilutor riluzole HCl riluzole hydrochloride CHEBI:8863 Riluzole Drug_Central:2382 DrugCentral A glycerophosphoglycerol resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylglycerol, which removes one of the fatty acid groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl. monoacylglycerophosphoglycerol lysophosphatidylglycerol A drug that acts as an antagonist, agonist, reverse agonist, or in some other fashion when interacting with cellular receptors. receptor modulators CHEBI:90710 receptor modulator An antagonist at purinergic P2 receptors P2 antagonist P2 antagonists non-selective P2 purinergic antagonist non-selective P2 purinergic antagonists purinergic receptor P2 antagonists CHEBI:91079 purinergic receptor P2 antagonist An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. Beilstein:356241 Beilstein:8132868 CAS:599-79-1 DrugBank:DB00795 Gmelin:2666050 PMID:11362329 PMID:11485124 PMID:11587223 PMID:14981898 PMID:15248210 PMID:16322111 PMID:17386570 PMID:2434548 PMID:7720170 Reaxys:8132868 2-hydroxy-5-{[4-(pyridin-2-ylsulfamoyl)phenyl]diazenyl}benzoic acid Sulfasalazine 2-Hydroxy-5-((4-((2-pyridinylamino)sulfonyl)phenyl)azo)benzoic acid 2-Hydroxy-5-[4-(pyridin-2-ylsulfamoyl)-phenylazo]-benzoic acid 4-(Pyridyl-2-amidosulfonyl)-3'-carboxy-4'-hydroxyazobenzene 5-((p-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl)azo)salicylic acid 5-(4-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenylazo)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 5-(p-(2-Pyridylsulfamyl)phenylazo)salicylic acid Azulfidine Salazosulfapiridina Salazosulfapyridine Salazosulfapyridinum Salicylazosulfapyridine Sulfasalazina Sulfasalazinum sulfasalazine CHEBI:9334 sulfasalazine Beilstein:356241 Beilstein Beilstein:8132868 Beilstein CAS:599-79-1 ChemIDplus Gmelin:2666050 Gmelin PMID:11362329 Europe PMC PMID:11485124 Europe PMC PMID:11587223 Europe PMC PMID:14981898 Europe PMC PMID:15248210 Europe PMC PMID:16322111 Europe PMC PMID:17386570 Europe PMC PMID:2434548 Europe PMC PMID:7720170 Europe PMC Reaxys:8132868 Reaxys A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. Beilstein:226178 CAS:72-14-0 DrugBank:DB06147 Drug_Central:2527 Gmelin:218965 LINCS:LSM-5327 PMID:11431418 PMID:7486915 Reaxys:226178 4-amino-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzenesulfonamide 2-(Sulfanilylamino)thiazole 2-(p-Aminobenzenesulfonamido)thiazole 2-(p-Aminobenzenesulphonamido)thiazole 2-Sulfanilamidothiazol 2-Sulfanilamidothiazole 2-Sulfonamidothiazole 4-Amino-N-2-thiazolylbenzenesulfonamide N(1)-2-Thiazolylsulfanilamide Sulfanilamidothiazole Sulfatiazol Sulphathiazole sulfathiazol sulfathiazole sulfathiazolum sulfthiazole CHEBI:9337 sulfathiazole Beilstein:226178 Beilstein CAS:72-14-0 ChemIDplus CAS:72-14-0 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2527 DrugCentral Gmelin:218965 Gmelin PMID:11431418 Europe PMC PMID:7486915 Europe PMC Reaxys:226178 Reaxys A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. CC1=C(CC(O)=O)c2cc(F)ccc2C\1=C/c1ccc(cc1)S(C)=O ATC:M01AB02 Beilstein:2951842 CAS:38194-50-2 DrugBank:DB00605 Drug_Central:2534 PMID:11569947 PMID:11927004 PMID:12406542 PMID:15020200 PMID:15123337 PMID:19884509 PMID:23689354 PMID:23804703 Reaxys:2951842 Wikipedia:Sulindac Sulindac {(1Z)-5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-[4-(methylsulfinyl)benzylidene]-1H-inden-3-yl}acetic acid (Z)-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-((p-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)methylene)-1H-indene-3-acetic acid Clinoril Sulindacum cis-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-((4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)methylene)-1H-indene-3-acetic acid cis-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-((p-methylsulfinyl)benzylidene)indene-3-acetic acid sulindac sulindaco CHEBI:9352 sulindac Beilstein:2951842 Beilstein CAS:38194-50-2 ChemIDplus CAS:38194-50-2 NIST Chemistry WebBook Drug_Central:2534 DrugCentral PMID:11569947 Europe PMC PMID:11927004 Europe PMC PMID:12406542 Europe PMC PMID:15020200 Europe PMC PMID:15123337 Europe PMC PMID:19884509 Europe PMC PMID:23689354 Europe PMC PMID:23804703 Europe PMC Reaxys:2951842 Reaxys A tertiary amine that is N-methyl-1-naphthalenemethylamine in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3-(tertbutylethynyl)allyl group. An antifungal agent administered orally (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of skin and nail infections. CAS:91161-71-6 DrugBank:DB00857 Drug_Central:2597 PMID:23750489 PMID:23802806 PMID:23841559 PMID:23895037 PMID:24126579 PMID:24352873 PMID:24389279 PMID:24410098 PMID:24447130 PMID:24452843 PMID:24477462 PMID:24490976 PMID:24497012 PMID:24533442 PMID:24563892 PMID:24576265 PMID:24581620 PMID:24588014 Reaxys:4256376 (2E)-N,6,6-trimethyl-N-(1-naphthylmethyl)hept-2-en-4-yn-1-amine terbinafine (E)-N-(6,6-Dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-N-methyl-1-naphthalene methanamine (E)-N-(6,6-Dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-N-methyl-1-naphthalenemethylamine terbinafina terbinafine terbinafinum CHEBI:9448 terbinafine CAS:91161-71-6 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2597 DrugCentral PMID:23750489 Europe PMC PMID:23802806 Europe PMC PMID:23841559 Europe PMC PMID:23895037 Europe PMC PMID:24126579 Europe PMC PMID:24352873 Europe PMC PMID:24389279 Europe PMC PMID:24410098 Europe PMC PMID:24447130 Europe PMC PMID:24452843 Europe PMC PMID:24477462 Europe PMC PMID:24490976 Europe PMC PMID:24497012 Europe PMC PMID:24533442 Europe PMC PMID:24563892 Europe PMC PMID:24576265 Europe PMC PMID:24581620 Europe PMC PMID:24588014 Europe PMC Reaxys:4256376 Reaxys A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug. CAS:96829-58-2 Drug_Central:1996 LINCS:LSM-5724 PMID:27793869 PMID:28097013 PMID:28191026 PMID:28260907 PMID:28387458 PMID:28559211 PMID:28588183 PMID:28624425 Reaxys:3658031 (2S)-1-[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxooxetan-2-yl]tridecan-2-yl N-formyl-L-leucinate (-)-tetrahydrolipostatin (2S)-2-formamido-4-methylpentanoic acid [(2S)-1-[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxo-2-oxetanyl]tridecan-2-yl] ester Alli N-formyl-L-leucine (1S)-1-{[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxo-2-oxetanyl]methyl}dodecyl ester Ro-18-0647 Xenical orlipastat orlistat orlistatum CHEBI:94686 orlistat CAS:96829-58-2 ChemIDplus CAS:96829-58-2 DrugCentral Drug_Central:1996 DrugCentral PMID:27793869 Europe PMC PMID:28097013 Europe PMC PMID:28191026 Europe PMC PMID:28260907 Europe PMC PMID:28387458 Europe PMC PMID:28559211 Europe PMC PMID:28588183 Europe PMC PMID:28624425 Europe PMC Reaxys:3658031 Reaxys An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. C34H50O12 [H][C@@]1(OC(=O)C(\C)=C/C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC)[C@@]2([H])C(=C1C)[C@]1([H])OC(=O)[C@@](C)(O)[C@@]1(O)[C@H](C[C@]2(C)OC(C)=O)OC(=O)CCC CAS:67526-95-8 (3S,3aR,4S,6S,6aR,7S,8S,9bS)-6-(acetyloxy)-4-(butanoyloxy)-3,3a-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-8-{[(2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy}-2-oxo-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9b-decahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-7-yl octanoate thapsigargin A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group. CAS:55142-85-3 DrugBank:DB00208 Drug_Central:2657 LINCS:LSM-1986 PMID:19180126 Reaxys:1216802 5-(2-chlorobenzyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine ticlopidina ticlopidine ticlopidinum CHEBI:9588 ticlopidine CAS:55142-85-3 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2657 DrugCentral PMID:19180126 Europe PMC Reaxys:1216802 Reaxys CAS:127-48-0 Drug_Central:2751 LINCS:LSM-5345 Trimethadione Tridione (TN) tridione trimetadione trimetin CHEBI:9727 Trimethadione CAS:127-48-0 DrugCentral Drug_Central:2751 DrugCentral A chromane that has formula C24H27NO5S. Troglitazone is an antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory drug, and a member of the drug class of the thiazolidinediones. It was prescribed for people with diabetes mellitus type 2. (by Wikipedia) C24H27NO5S Cc1c(C)c2OC(C)(CCc2c(C)c1O)COc1ccc(CC2SC(=O)NC2=O)cc1 Wikipedia:Troglitazone ATC:A10BG01 Beilstein:4338399 CAS:97322-87-7 DrugBank:DB00197 Drug_Central:2767 LINCS:LSM-4890 5-{4-[(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)methoxy]benzyl}-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Troglitazone (+-)-all-rac-5-(p-((6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-chromanyl)methoxy)benzyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione 5-(4-(6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione Rezulin (TN) Romglizone troglitazona troglitazone troglitazonum CHEBI:9753 troglitazone Beilstein:4338399 Beilstein CAS:97322-87-7 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2767 DrugCentral A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure. CAS:147059-72-1 DrugBank:DB00685 Drug_Central:2777 PMID:20022474 PMID:20462743 PMID:20538741 PMID:20655887 PMID:21151465 PMID:22305082 PMID:23727874 PMID:24097668 PMID:24525298 Reaxys:8172628 7-[(1R,5S,6s)-6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl]-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid trovafloxacin trovafloxacine trovafloxacino trovafloxacinum CHEBI:9763 trovafloxacin CAS:147059-72-1 ChemIDplus Drug_Central:2777 DrugCentral PMID:20022474 Europe PMC PMID:20462743 Europe PMC PMID:20538741 Europe PMC PMID:20655887 Europe PMC PMID:21151465 Europe PMC PMID:22305082 Europe PMC PMID:23727874 Europe PMC PMID:24097668 Europe PMC PMID:24525298 Europe PMC Reaxys:8172628 Reaxys A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones. InChIKey:RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N ursodeoxycholic acid A cultured cell that is part of a cell line - a stable and homogeneous population of cells with a common biological origin and propagation history in culture cell line cell A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T025 The definition of cell is intended to represent all cells, and thus a cell is defined as a material entity and not an anatomical structure, which implies that it is part of an organism (or the entirety of one). cell primary cultured cell A cultured cell that is freshly isolated from a organismal source, or derives in culture from such a cell prior to the culture being passaged. primary cultured cell cultured cell A cell in vitro that is or has been maintained or propagated as part of a cell culture. cultured cell A cell that is commited to differentiating into a muscle cell. Embryonic myoblasts develop from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. Myoblasts also occur as transient populations of cells in muscles undergoing repair. myoblast A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped. BTO:0000452 FMA:63877 fibroblast epithelial cell A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The cell has a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and for cell polarity where apical part is directed towards the lumen and the basal part to the basal lamina. epithelial cell T cell A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. T cell A tissue-resident macrophage of the reticuloendothelial system found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids involved in erythrocyte clearance. Markers include F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, CD163/SRCR-positive. Irregular, with long processes including lamellipodia extending into the sinusoid lumen, have flattened nucleus with cytoplasm containing characteristic invaginations of the plasma membrane (vermiform bodies); lie within the sinusoid lumen attached to the endothelial surface; derived from the bone marrow, form a major part of the body's mononuclear phagocyte system. Markers: Mouse: F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68+, sialoadhesin+, CD163/SRCR+; role or process: immune, antigen-presentation, clearance of senescent erythrocytes, iron metabolism. Kupffer cells are also reportedly C3aR-positive, CD14-low, CD54-positive, CD88-positive, and CD284-positive. They are also capable of producing IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, nitric oxide, PGD2, PGE2, PGF2alpha, and TXA2. Kupffer cell A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. granulocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. MESH:D006098 A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. Progenitors leave bone marrow and mature in connective and mucosal tissue. Mature mast cells are found in all tissues, except the bloodstream. Their phenotype is CD117-high, CD123-negative, CD193-positive, CD200R3-positive, and FceRI-high. Stem-cell factor (KIT-ligand; SCF) is the main controlling signal of their survival and development. BTO:0000830 FMA:66784 mast cell A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of triglycerides. BTO:0000443 CALOHA:TS-0012 FMA:63880 adipocyte adipose cell fat cell A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. BTO:0003659 FMA:86916 secretory cell insulin secreting cell is a secretory cell and is capable of some insulin secretion BTO:0000783 insulin secreting cell Pancreatic beta cells are also reportedly CD284-positive. Upon activation, they upregulate their CD14 expression. A cell that secretes insulin and is located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans. FMA:70586 ncithesaurus:Beta_Cell type B pancreatic cell The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated. hepatocyte erythrocyte A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. erythrocyte A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. Platelets are reportedly CCR1-positive, CCR2-negative, CCR3-positive, CCR4-positive, CCR5-negative, CCR6-negative, CCR7-negative, CCR8-negative, CCR9-negative, CCR10-negative, CD16-positive, CD23-positive, CD32-positive, CD40-positive, CD41-positive CD42-positive, CD61-positive, CD62P-positive, CD64-positive, CD89-positive, CD102-positive, CD147-positive (activated platelets), CD154-positive (activated platelets), CD162-positive, CD209, CD282-positive, CD284-positive, CD289-positive, CD181-negative, CD182-negative, CD183-negative, CD184-positive, CLEC2-positive, GPVI-positive, JAMC-positive, PAR1-positive, PAR2-negative, PAR3-positive, PAR4-positive, TSP1-positive, and TXA2R-positive. Platelets can reportedly produce CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL17, CD40L, CXCL1, CXCL4, CXCL4L1, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL8, CXCL12, EGF, factor V, factor VII, factor XI, factor XIII, bFGF, histamine, IGF-1, IL-1beta, PAI-1, PDGF, plasminogen, protein S, serotonin, TGF-beta, TFPI, VEGF, and vWF. A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. platelet Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. phagocyte Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. ISBN:0721601464 A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. Morphology: Diameter 30_M-80 _M, abundant cytoplasm, low N/C ratio, eccentric nucleus. Irregular shape with pseudopods, highly adhesive. Contain vacuoles and phagosomes, may contain azurophilic granules; markers: Mouse &amp; Human: CD68, in most cases CD11b. Mouse: in most cases F4/80+; role or process: immune, antigen presentation, &amp; tissue remodelling; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. macrophage B cell A lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive, CD20-positive, and capable of B cell mediated immunity. B cell Fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria. They contain a scant ring of cytoplasm surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole. CALOHA:TS-1119 FMA:83434 white fat cell A cell from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in many species, particularly in newborns and hibernating mammals, but also in lesser amounts in adults of other mammals including humans. Brown fat is capable of rapid liberation of energy and seems to be important in the maintenance of body temperature immediately after birth and upon waking from hibernation. CALOHA:TS-0099 FMA:83435 brown adipocyte brown adipose cell brown fat cell dendritic cell A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. These cells are lineage negative (CD3-negative, CD19-negative, CD34-negative, and CD56-negative). dendritic cell A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. lymphocyte Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells. BTO:0000876 FMA:62864 monocyte experimentally modified cell in vitro A cell in vitro that has undergone physical changes as a consequence of a deliberate and specific experimental procedure. experimentally modified cell in vitro A cell that is found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver that is capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components that can contribute to liver fibrosis. This activated state has a myofibroblast-like phenotype, though it's not clear in the literature if this is terminally differentiated. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver. Ito cell hepatic perisinusoidal cell perisinusoidal cell hepatic stellate cell An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. leucocyte white blood cell leukocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive. basophil Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive. PMCID:PMC2626675 PMID:11927641 PMID:19741522 PMID:9933081 Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive. eosinophil Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive. ISBN:0721601464 PMCID:PMC2626675 PMID:10914487 PMID:1662676 Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. BTO:0000130 CALOHA:TS-0688 FMA:62860 neutrocyte neutrophil leucocyte neutrophil leukocyte neutrophilic leucocyte neutrophilic leukocyte neutrophil Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. ISBN:0721601464 plasma cell A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, antibody secreting cell of the B cell lineage with the phenotype CD138-positive, surface immunonoglobulin-negative, and MHC Class II-negative. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern and are devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. http://purl.jp/bio/10/lsd/term/J089510 plasma cell alpha-beta T cell A T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. alpha-beta T cell mononuclear cell A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. BTO:0000878 CALOHA:TS-0768 FMA:86713 mononuclear cell An elicited macrophage that is recruited into the tissues in response to injury and infection as part of an inflammatory response, expresses high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ROS and NO, and shows potent microbicidal activity. M1 macrophage Markers: Express: TNFa, IL1b, IL6, iNOS, NADPH-oxidase; produce: reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide; role or process: immune, inflammation (inflammatory response). inflammatory macrophage A macrophage constitutively resident in a particular tissue under non-inflammatory conditions, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. tissue-resident macrophage A type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. foam cell A cell of a hematopoietic lineage. BTO:0000574 CALOHA:TS-2017 FMA:70366 FMA:83598 haematopoietic cell haemopoietic cell hemopoietic cell hematopoietic cell A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. CALOHA:TS-2096 FMA:63875 connective tissue cell A Niemann-Pick disease characterized by onset in infancy and involvement of neurological tissues that has_material_basis_in an autosomal recessive mutation of SMPD1 on chromosome 11p15.4. ICD10CM:E75.2 OMIM:257200 Niemann-Pick disease type A A Niemann-Pick disease characterized by visceral involvement only and survival into adulthood that has_material_basis_in an autosomal recessive mutation of SMPD1 on chromosome 11p15.4. ICD10CM:E75.2 OMIM:607616 Niemann-Pick disease type B A Niemann-Pick disease that has_material_basis_in an autosomal recessive mutation of NPC1 on chromosome 18q11.2. ICD10CM:E75.2 OMIM:257220 NPC1 Niemann-Pick disease type C1 A Niemann-Pick disease that has_material_basis_in an autosomal recessive mutation of NPC2 on chromosome 14q24.3. ICD10CM:E75.2 OMIM:607625 NPC2 Niemann-Pick disease type C2 A sphingoliidosis characterized by the accumulation of the lipid sphingomyelin in lysosomes in cells. Sphingomyelinase Deficiency Disease lipoid histiocytosis (classical phosphatide) sphingomyelin lipidosis Niemann-Pick disease A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. MESH:D004194 NCI:C2991 SNOMEDCT_US_2016_03_01:64572001 UMLS_CUI:C0012634 disease A glucose metabolism disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. MESH:D003920 NCI:C298 diabetes mellitus A diabetes mellitus that involves high blood glucose resulting from cells fail to use insulin properly. ICD10CM:E11 MESH:D003924 NCI:C26747 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01 NIDDM non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type II diabetes mellitus type 2 diabetes mellitus A diabetes mellitus that results from the body's failure to produce insulin and has_material_basis_in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. MESH:D003922 OMIM:222100 IDDM insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I diabetes mellitus type 1 diabetes mellitus Substance with antioxidant role is a subtype of substance with role. This entity is participating in a oxidative stress response and playing an antioxidant role. substance with antioxidant role Substance with role is a subtype of object. This entity is participating in a specific process and playing a role. In YAMATO ontology theory, an entity (continuant) playing a role in a specific context is called a role holder. substance with role Substance with ligand role is a subtype of substance with role. This entity is participating in signaling and playing a ligand role. This entity is inferred from Description Logic. substance with ligand role Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group. acyl-CoA or acyl binding fatty-acyl-CoA binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group. ISBN:0198506732 A chromosome found in the cytoplasm. cytoplasmic interphase chromosome cytoplasmic chromosome The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. mitochondrial proliferation mitochondrial division mitochondrial fission The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. PMID:11038192 A cell cycle phase during which nuclear division occurs, and which is comprises the phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Wikipedia:M_phase M phase The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions. Wikipedia:Mitophagy mitochondrion autophagy autophagy of mitochondrion Degradation of a mitochondrion by macroautophagy. PMID:22406072 mitohagy The selective autophagy process in which a peroxisome is degraded by macroautophagy. pexophagy The selective autophagy process in which a peroxisome is degraded by macroautophagy. PMID:12914914 PMID:16973210 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. response to hypoxia The chemical reactions and pathways involving long-chain fatty acids, A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22. long-chain fatty acid metabolism long-chain fatty acid metabolic process Joining of the large subunit, with release of IF2/eIF2 and IF3/eIF3. This leaves the functional ribosome at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site. formation of cytoplasmic translation initiation complex A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. cell activation The expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division. natural killer cell proliferation cytokine production The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Note that this term is intended for use when a gene product is seen to cause apparent increases in intracellular or extracellular cytokine levels, without specific regard as to whether the increase is due to increased biosynthesis, increased secretion of preexisting cytokine molecules, or increased conversion from precursor molecules. cytokine production The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation. PMID:20850011 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0007325 release of cytochrome c from mitochondria The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation. ISBN:0721639976 PMID:12925707 PMID:9560217 PMID:20850011 The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria is a central event in the signaling phase of the apoptotic process, and it is often used by researchers to monitor this type of cell death. Any event that induces apoptosis will at some point induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Therefore, this term should only be used to annotate gene products that are directly involved in this process. A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. epithelial to mesenchymal transition The process that results in the fusion of a phagosome, a vesicle formed by phagocytosis, with a lysosome. late phagosome biosynthesis late phagosome formation phagolysosome formation phagolysosome assembly The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a NK T cell. Note that NK T cells are a distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments. Note that immunologists typically use the word 'development' to refer to cells of B or T cell lineages undergoing the process that GO describes as 'cell differentiation'. NK T cell differentiation Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. toll-like receptor signaling pathway TLR signaling pathway The promotion of an immune response by natural killer cells through direct recognition of target cells or through the release of cytokines. NK cell mediated immunity natural killer cell mediated immunity adaptive immune response An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). adaptive immune response cytokine production involved in immune response The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus contributing to an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. cytokine production involved in immune response An immune response taking place in the liver. hepatic immune response An immune system process that functions in the response of an organism to a tumor cell. immune response to tumor cell The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a leukocyte. A leukocyte is an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. leucocyte differentiation leukocyte differentiation The synthesis or release of a cytokine following a inflammatory stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. GO:0002534 cytokine production involved in inflammatory response Process of any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GO:0003677 DNA binding The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketones, a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups. ketone anabolism ketone biosynthesis ketone formation ketone synthesis ketone biosynthetic process The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. In the definition of GO:0005488 binding is a subtype of Molecular function. binding (with molecule) Interacting selectively and non-covalently with fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. GO:0005504 fatty acid binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). GO:0005515 protein amino acid binding protein binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. GO:0005543 phospholipid binding cellular component The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. cellular_component The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. Wikipedia:Extracellular extracellular Note that this term is intended to annotate gene products that are not attached to the cell surface. For gene products from multicellular organisms which are secreted from a cell but retained within the organism (i.e. released into the interstitial fluid or blood), consider the cellular component term 'extracellular space ; GO:0005615'. extracellular region That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. NIF_Subcellular:sao1425028079 intercellular space Note that for multicellular organisms, the extracellular space refers to everything outside a cell, but still within the organism (excluding the extracellular matrix). Gene products from a multi-cellular organism that are secreted from a cell into the interstitial fluid or blood can therefore be annotated to this term. extracellular space That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. ISBN:0198547684 The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. Wikipedia:Intracellular internal to cell protoplasm intracellular The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. ISBN:0198506732 A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. NIF_Subcellular:sao1702920020 Wikipedia:Cell_nucleus cell nucleus nucleus A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. Wikipedia:Chromosome chromatid Chromosomes include parts that are not part of the chromatin. Examples include the kinetochore. chromosome A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. ISBN:019857684 All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. Wikipedia:Cytoplasm cytoplasm All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. ISBN:0198547684 mitochondrion A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. NIF_Subcellular:sao1860313010 Wikipedia:Mitochondrion mitochondria mitochondrion A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. ISBN:0198506732 The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. NIF_Subcellular:sao1289741256 Wikipedia:Outer_mitochondrial_membrane mitochondrial outer membrane The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. NIF_Subcellular:sao1371347282 Wikipedia:Inner_mitochondrial_membrane inner mitochondrial membrane mitochondrial inner membrane A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=bn%3A0198547684 A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=bn%3A0198547684 A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. PMID:10751143 Wikipedia:Lysosome Another function of the ER in eucaryotic cells is to sequester Ca2+ from the cytosol. Cell lysosome A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. ISBN:0198506732 PMID:10751143 Lysosome-endosome fusion and lysosome biogenesis. lysosomes can fuse directly with late endosomes to form a hybrid organelle. This has a led to a hypothesis that dense core lysosomes are in essence storage granules for acid hydrolases and that, when the former fuse with late endosomes, a hybrid organelle for digestion of endocytosed macromolecules is created. Lysosomes are then re-formed from hybrid organelles by a process involving condensation of contents. The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm. lysosomal membrane A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. NIF_Subcellular:sao1720343330 Wikipedia:Endosome endosome A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. ISBN:0198506732 PMID:19696797 A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways. early endosome A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways. PMID:19696797 A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center. late endosome A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. Wikipedia:Vacuole vacuole A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. ISBN:0198506732 A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy. autophagosome A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy. PMID:11099404 A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism. peroxisome A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism. PMID:9302272 The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). ISBN:0815332181 NIF_Subcellular:sao1036339110 Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum ER endoplasmic reticulum The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0815332181 The ER has a central role in lipid and protein biosynthesis. Its membrane is the site of production of all the transmembrane proteins and lipids for most of the cell's organelles, including the ER itself, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, endosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Another function of the ER in eucaryotic cells is to sequester Ca2+ from the cytosol. The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum. ER cisterna ER lumen endoplasmic reticulum cisterna endoplasmic reticulum lumen The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. ER membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER or SER) has no ribosomes attached to it. The smooth ER is the recipient of the proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Those proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi complex, the resident proteins are returned to the rough ER and the lysosomal proteins after phosphorylation of their mannose residues are passed to the lysosomes. Glycosylation of the glycoproteins also continues. The smooth ER is the site of synthesis of lipids, including the phospholipids. The membranes of the smooth ER also contain enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and harmful products of metabolism. Large quantities of certain compounds such as phenobarbital cause an increase in the amount of the smooth ER. ISBN:0815332181 NIF_Subcellular:sao710427438 Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum#Smooth_endoplasmic_reticulum The hepatocyte is a cell with an abundant smooth ER. smooth endoplasmic reticulum The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER or SER) has no ribosomes attached to it. The smooth ER is the recipient of the proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Those proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi complex, the resident proteins are returned to the rough ER and the lysosomal proteins after phosphorylation of their mannose residues are passed to the lysosomes. Glycosylation of the glycoproteins also continues. The smooth ER is the site of synthesis of lipids, including the phospholipids. The membranes of the smooth ER also contain enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and harmful products of metabolism. Large quantities of certain compounds such as phenobarbital cause an increase in the amount of the smooth ER. ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0815332181 It is usually prominent in cells that specialize in lipid metabolism. Cells that synthesize steroid hormones from cholesterol, for example, have an expanded smooth ER compartment to accommodate the enzymes needed to make cholesterol and to modify it to form the hormones. It is the principal site of production of lipoprotein particles, which carry lipids via the bloodstream to other parts of the body. The enzymes that synthesize the lipid components of lipoproteins are located in the membrane of the smooth ER, which also contains enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and various harmful compounds produced by metabolism. The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae. NIF_Subcellular:sao1881364067; Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum#Rough_endoplasmic_reticulum RER rough ER rough endoplasmic reticulum The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae. ISBN:0198506732 A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions. NIF_Subcellular:sao451912436 Wikipedia:Golgi_apparatus Golgi complex Note that the Golgi apparatus can be located in various places in the cytoplasm. In plants and lower animal cells, the Golgi apparatus exists as many copies of discrete stacks dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, while the Golgi apparatus of interphase mammalian cells is a juxtanuclear, often pericentriolar reticulum, where the discrete Golgi stacks are stitched together to form a compact and interconnected ribbon, sometimes called the Golgi ribbon. golgi apparatus A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions. ISBN:0198506732 The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks. Golgi lumen An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides. Wikipedia:Microtubule_organizing_center MOC microtubule organising centre microtubule organizing center An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides. ISBN:0815316194 PMID:17072892 PMID:17245416 The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. NIF_Subcellular:sao101633890 Wikipedia:Cytosol cytosol An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. NIF_Subcellular:sao1429207766 Wikipedia:Ribosome free ribosome membrane bound ribosome ribosomal RNA ribosome An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. ISBN:0198506732 free ribosome NIF_Subcellular:sao1139385046 membrane bound ribosome NIF_Subcellular:sao1291545653 Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. Wikipedia:Cytoskeleton cytoskeleton Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. ISBN:0198547684 PMID:16959967 The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins NIF_Subcellular:sao1663586795 Wikipedia:Cell_membrane cell membrane cellular membrane cytoplasmic membrane plasma membrane The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins ISBN:0716731363 The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule. Wikipedia:Carbohydrate_metabolism carbohydrate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues in alpha-(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha-(1->6) glycosidic linkages. glycogen metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. Reactome:REACT_1736 glycogen anabolism glycogen biosynthesis glycogen formation glycogen synthesis glycogen biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. ISBN:0198506732 Reactome:REACT_1736 Glycogen synthesis, Homo sapiens The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. Reactome:REACT_1008 glycogen breakdown glycogen catabolism glycogen degradation glycogenolysis glycogen catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. ISBN:0198506732 Reactome:REACT_1008 Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis), Homo sapiens The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. alcohol metabolism alcohol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. CHEBI:30879 ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. generation of precursor metabolites and energy The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol. Reactome:R-HSA-70263 glucose biosynthesis glucose biosynthetic process gluconeogenesis Reactome:R-HSA-70263 Gluconeogenesis, Homo sapiens The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD(P) to NAD(P)H. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules. glycolytic process A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. Reactome: R-HSA-71403.2 Krebs cycle TCA cycle Wikipedia:Tricarboxylic_acid_cycle citric acid cycle tricarboxylic acid cycle Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates. regulation of carbohydrate metabolism regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. respiratory-chain phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0471331309 The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I. oxidative phosphorylation, NADH to ubiquinone complex I (NADH to ubiquinone) mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I. ISBN:0716731363 The transfer of electrons from succinate to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex II. mitochondrial electron transport, succinate to coenzyme Q complex II (succinate to ubiquinone) oxidative phosphorylation, succinate to ubiquinone mitochondrial electron transport, succinate to ubiquinone The transfer of electrons from succinate to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex II. ISBN:0716731363 The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III. complex III (ubiquinone to cytochrome c) mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III. ISBN:0716731363 The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA. DNA replication The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. DNA repair The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. PMID:11563486 The addition of alkyl groups to many positions on all four bases of DNA. Alkylating agents can also modify the bases of incoming nucleotides in the course of DNA synthesis. DNA alkylation The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine. DNA methylation The cellular DNA metabolic process resulting in the breakdown of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long unbranched macromolecule formed from one or two strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides, the 3'-phosphate group of each constituent deoxyribonucleotide being joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage to the 5'-hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose moiety of the next one. DNA catabolic process The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments. PMID:15723341 Apoptosis induced DNA fragmentation DNA fragmentation in response to apoptotic signals is achieved through the activity of apoptotic nucleases. In human, these include DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) or caspase-activated DNase (CAD) and endonuclease G (Endo G) (reviewed in PMID:15723341). Caution is needed when apoptotic DNA laddering assays show presence of fragmented DNA. A positive assay may simply reflect the end point of a whole apoptotic process. Unless clear experimental evidence is available to show that a gene product is directly involved in fragmenting DNA, please do not annotate to GO:0006309 'apoptotic DNA fragmentation' and consider annotating instead to a more upstream process such as, e.g., GO:0042981 'regulation of apoptotic process', GO:0006915 'apoptotic process', GO:0097190 'apoptotic signaling pathway'. Also, note that gene products involved in compartmentalization of apoptotic nucleases and in activation or repression of their enzymatic activity should be annotated to the regulation term GO:1902510 'regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation' or to one of its children (see PMID:15723341). apoptotic DNA fragmentation Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation. chromatin remodeling The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. GO:0006351 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IEV_0000183 DNA-dependent transcription cellular transcription, DNA-dependent transcription, DNA-templated Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. regulation of cellular transcription, DNA-dependent regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Any process in which a pre-mRNA or mRNA molecule is cleaved at specific sites or in a regulated manner. mRNA cleavage The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic 'message', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes. mRNA catabolic process The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. Wikipedia:Translation_(genetics) translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. regulation of protein anabolism regulation of protein biosynthesis regulation of protein formation regulation of protein synthesis regulation of translation The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. PMID:15459659 PMID:15519848 Reactome:R-HSA-391251 Wikipedia:Protein_folding Due to the crowded envirnoment within the cell, many proteins must interact with molecular chaperones to attain their native conformation (reviewed in Young et al., 2004). Chaperones recognize and associate with proteins in their non-native state and facilitate their folding by stabilizing the conformation of productive folding intermediates. Chaperones that take part broadly in de novo protein folding, such as the Hsp70s and the chaperonins, facilitate the folding process through cycles of substrate binding and release regulated by their ATPase activity (see Young et al., 2004; Spiess et al., 2004; Bigotti and Clarke, 2008). protein folding Due to the crowded envirnoment within the cell, many proteins must interact with molecular chaperones to attain their native conformation (reviewed in Young et al., 2004). Chaperones recognize and associate with proteins in their non-native state and facilitate their folding by stabilizing the conformation of productive folding intermediates. Chaperones that take part broadly in de novo protein folding, such as the Hsp70s and the chaperonins, facilitate the folding process through cycles of substrate binding and release regulated by their ATPase activity (see Young et al., 2004; Spiess et al., 2004; Bigotti and Clarke, 2008). R-HSA-391251 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex. protein complex formation protein complex assembly The addition of an acetyl group to a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid. protein acetylation The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid. protein deacetylation A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins. protein glycosylation The covalent attachment of lipid groups to an amino acid in a protein. lipid:protein modification protein lipidation The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. Wikipedia:Proteolysis This term was intentionally placed under 'protein metabolic process ; GO:0019538' rather than 'protein catabolic process ; GO:0030163' to cover all processes centered on breaking peptide bonds, including those involved in protein processing. proteolysis The removal of sugar residues from a glycosylated protein. protein deglycosylation The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells. amino acid and derivative metabolism amino acid metabolic process cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process cellular amino acid metabolism cellular amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins. methionine metabolism methionine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism. S-adenosylmethionine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids. lipid metabolism lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. Wikipedia:Fatty_acid_metabolism fatty acid metabolism fatty acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. ISBN:0198547684 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. MetaCyc:PWY-4381 Wikipedia:Fatty_acid_synthesis fatty acid anabolism fatty acid biosynthesis fatty acid formation fatty acid synthesis fatty acid biosynthetic process A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). fatty acid beta-oxidation A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. phospholipid metabolism biological_process phospholipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. phosphatidylethanolamine anabolism phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis phosphatidylethanolamine formation phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis biological_process phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. ISBN:0198506732 The transfer of a phospholipid from its site of synthesis to the plasma membrane. phospholipid transfer to membrane The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. glycerophospholipid metabolism phosphoglyceride metabolic process phosphoglyceride metabolism alpha-glycerophosphate pathway glycerophospholipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids. phosphatidic acid anabolism phosphatidic acid biosynthesis phosphatidic acid formation phosphatidic acid synthesis phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. phosphatidylglycerol anabolism phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis phosphatidylglycerol formation phosphatidylglycerol synthesis phosphatidylglycerol biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. phosphatidylcholine anabolism phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis phosphatidylcholine formation phosphatidylcholine synthesis phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. They are important constituents of cell membranes. phosphatidylserine metabolism biological_process phosphatidylserine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. They are important constituents of cell membranes. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. phosphatidylserine anabolism phosphatidylserine biosyntheis phosphatidylserine biosynthesis phosphatidylserine formation phosphatidylserine synthesis biological_process phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. phosphatidylserine breakdown phosphatidylserine catabolism phosphatidylserine degradation biological_process phosphatidylserine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which the sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is synthesized when phosphatidic acid (PA) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) are converted into cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) followed by conversion into PI and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (Stuhne-Sekalec et al 1986, Lykidis et al. 1997). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0013926 PtdIns biosynthesis PtdIns biosynthetic process phosphatidylinositol anabolism phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis phosphatidylinositol formation phosphatidylinositol synthesis phosphoinositide biosynthesis phosphoinositide biosynthetic process phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which the sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol. CHEBI:28874 ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). sphingolipid metabolism sphingolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine. sphingomyelin metabolism biological_process sphingomyelin metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine. sphingomyelin breakdown sphingomyelin catabolism sphingomyelin degradation biological_process sphingomyelin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine. sphingomyelin anabolism sphingomyelin biosynthesis sphingomyelin formation sphingomyelin synthesis sphingomyelin biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reaction resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. GO:0006695 cholesterol biosynthetic process The chemical reactions resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile. bile acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants estrogen breakdown estrogen catabolism estrogen degradation estrogen catabolic process A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADH by the reduction of NAD+. NAD (reduced) regeneration reduced NAD regeneration reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide regeneration NADH regeneration A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADPH by the reduction of NADP+. Reactome:R-HSA-389542 https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-389542 NADP (reduced) regeneration reduced NADP regeneration reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate regeneration NADPH regeneration The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle CHEBI:16856 ISBN:0198506732 glutathione metabolism glutathione metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins. GO:0006750 https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-174403 glutathione anabolism glutathione biosynthesis glutathione formation glutathione synthesis glutathione biosynthetic process The chemical reaction resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. GO:0006754 ATP anabolism ATP biosynthesis ATP formation ATP synthesis ATP regeneration ATP biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, from less complex precursors. heme anabolism heme biosynthesis heme formation heme synthesis heme biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4). phosphorus metabolic process phosphorus metabolic process The chemical reactions and physical changes involving a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to living organisms. Used of chemical compounds, e. g. a xenobiotic chemical, such as a pesticide. (Gene Ontology) ISBN:0071769234 xenobiotic biotransformation Xenobiotic biotransformation is metabolic conversion of xenobiotic chemicals to more hydrophilic (water-soluble) compounds. xenobiotic metabolic process ISBN:0071769234 Biotransfomation to harmful products is called toxication/metabolic activation [casarett and doull's toxicology 8th ed.] The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein. transport The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of, within or between cells. ion transport The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. potassium ion transport The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of, within or between cells. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell. neurotransmitter transport The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. lipid transport The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. ISBN:0198506732 A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. Wikipedia:Endocytosis endocytosis A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0716731363 A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. Wikipedia:Phagocytosis phagocytosis A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. ISBN:0198506732 The initial step in phagocytosis involving adhesion to bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter, or an apoptotic cell and based on recognition of factors such as bacterial cell wall components, opsonins like complement and antibody or protein receptors and lipids like phosphatidyl serine, and leading to intracellular signaling in the phagocytosing cell. recognition of phagocytosed substance by phagocytic cell Note that cell surface molecules involved in the direct binding of bacteria may be also annotated to the molecular function term 'bacterial cell surface binding ; GO:0051635'. Note that cell surface molecules involved in the direct binding to opsonins such as complement components or antibodies may be also annotated to the term 'opsonin binding ; GO:0001846'. phagocytosis, recognition The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. nucleocytoplasmic transport The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation Wikipedia:Autophagy_(cellular) autophagy The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation ISBN:0198547684 PMID:11099404 PMID:9412464 A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. IEV:0000070 (obsolete) Wikipedia:Apoptosis apoptotic cell death apoptotic programmed cell death programmed cell death by apoptosis apoptotic process Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. cell locomotion cell movement movement of a cell cell motility Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). response to stress Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. immune response cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. response to oxidative stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. PMID:121115731 A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. organelle organisation organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. mitochondrion organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. cytoskeleton organisation cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. actin filament organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. cytoplasm organisation cytoplasm organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. vacuole organization The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a lysosome. lysosomal transport The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. cell cycle A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M). arrest of cell cycle progression cessation of cell cycle termination of cell cycle cell cycle arrest The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. Wikipedia:Cell_adhesion cell adhesion A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. EGF receptor signaling pathway EGFR signaling pathway epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Notch signaling pathway The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription. PMID:12773372 I-kappaB kinase-NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling The selective interaction of the transcription factor NF-kappaB with specific molecules in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting its translocation into the nucleus. cytoplasmic sequestering of NF-kappaB Behavior associated with the intake of food. Wikipedia:List_of_feeding_behaviours feeding behavior The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. Wikipedia:Metabolism metabolism Note that metabolic processes do not include single functions or processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein-nucleic acids, nor receptor-ligand interactions. metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. ISBN:0198547684 The chemical reactions and pathways involving estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants. estrogen metabolic process Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). cell death The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the rapid expansion of a cell population. This term was moved out from being a child of 'cellular process' because it is a cell population-level process, and cellular processes are restricted to those processes that involve individual cells. Also note that this term is intended to be used for the proliferation of cells within a multicellular organism, not for the expansion of a population of single-celled organisms. cell proliferation The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin. https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-74752 insulin receptor signalling pathway insulin receptor signaling pathway Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid. lipid binding The process of removing sections of the primary RNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the RNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the RNA. RNA splicing Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. GO:0008429 Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. phosphatidylethanolamine binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. lipid anabolism lipid biosynthesis lipid formation lipogenesis lipid biosynthetic process A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with a ligand binding to a death domain receptor on the cell surface, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. PMID:21525013 https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-140534&PATH=R-HSA-5357801,R-HSA-109581,R-HSA-5357769 extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors PMID:21525013 Gene products that may be annotated to this term include: 1) ligands such as FASL; 2) receptors such as FAS/CD95 (though care should be taken because FAS can also act as a non-apoptotic signal transducer); 3) signaling molecules such as FADD (FAS-associated protein with a death domain), cIAPs (cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins), c-FLIPs and caspases 8 and 10. Examples are TWEAK (TNF12) and FN14 (TNFRSF12A) (UniProt symbols O43508 and Q9NP84) The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. GO:0008643 sugar transport carbohydrate transport The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. phospholipid anabolism phospholipid biosynthesis phospholipid formation phospholipid synthesis phospholipid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism. Wikipedia:Catabolism catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism. ISBN:0198547684 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones. anabolism biosynthesis synthesis biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. Wikipedia:Fatty_acid_degradation fatty acid catabolism fatty acid degradation fatty acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom. vitamin B12 biosynthesis cobalamin biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). glycolipid anabolism glycolipid biosynthesis glycolipid biosynthetic process Translational attenuation is a regulatory mechanism analogous to ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation. the system requires the presence of a short orf, called a leader peptide, encoded in the mrna upstream of the ribosome-binding site and start codon of the gene whose translation is to be regulated. certain conditions, such as presence of the antibiotic tetracycline in bacteria or amino acid starvation, may cause slowing or stalling of the ribosome translating the leader peptide. the stalled ribosome masks a region of the mrna and affects which of two alternative mrna folded structures will form, therefore controlling whether or not a ribosome will bind and initiate translation of the downstream gene. translational attenuation is analogous to ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation, in which mrna remodeling caused by ribosome stalling regulates transcriptional termination rather than translational initiation. attenuation of translation Translational attenuation is a regulatory mechanism analogous to ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation. the system requires the presence of a short orf, called a leader peptide, encoded in the mrna upstream of the ribosome-binding site and start codon of the gene whose translation is to be regulated. certain conditions, such as presence of the antibiotic tetracycline in bacteria or amino acid starvation, may cause slowing or stalling of the ribosome translating the leader peptide. the stalled ribosome masks a region of the mrna and affects which of two alternative mrna folded structures will form, therefore controlling whether or not a ribosome will bind and initiate translation of the downstream gene. translational attenuation is analogous to ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation, in which mrna remodeling caused by ribosome stalling regulates transcriptional termination rather than translational initiation. PMID:15694341 PMID:15805513 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. phospholipid breakdown phospholipid catabolism phospholipid degradation phospholipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism. toxin metabolism toxin metabolic process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. response to environmental stimulus Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism. Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to endogenous stimulus The infolding of a membrane. membrane invagination The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Wikipedia:Gene_expression A changing process to convert a gene's sequenes into a mature gene prduct(s), i.e., (m)RNA, or protein. gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Wikipedia:Regulation_of_gene_expression regulation of protein expression This class covers any process that regulates the rate of production of a mature gene product, and so includes processes that regulate that rate by regulating the level, stability or availability of intermediates in the process of gene expression. For example, it covers any process that regulates the level, stability or availability of mRNA or circRNA for translation and thereby regulates the rate of production of the encoded protein via translation. regulation of gene expression The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. proteasome-mediated protein catabolic process proteasome-mediated protein catabolism proteasomal protein catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. regulation of autophagy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. negative regulation of autophagy Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. positive regulation of autophagy Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. positive regulation of gene expression Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. This term covers any process that negatively regulates the rate of production of a mature gene product, and so includes processes that negatively regulate that rate by reducing the level, stability or availability of intermediates in the process of gene expression. For example, it covers any process that reduces the level, stability or availability of mRNA or circRNA for translation and thereby reduces the rate of production of the encoded protein via translation. negative regulation of gene expression Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. macrophage derived foam cell differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation The accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. GO:0010878 cholesterol sequestration sequestration of cholesterol cholesterol storage Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development. negative regulation of lipid storage Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of phosphatidylcholine catabolism. Phosphatidylcholine catabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. [ regulation of cell death The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. bile acid transport bile acid and bile salt transport The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. PMID:12663868 PMID:14699511 Enables the transfer of bile acid from one side of a hepatocyte plasma membrane into a bile canaliculus. Bile canaliculi are the thin tubes formed by hepatocyte membranes. Bile acids are any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. canalicular bile acid transport The directed movement of choline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. choline transport The directed movement of a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. drug transport The directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis fatty acid transport The directed movement of long-chain fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22. long-chain fatty acid transport The directed movement of long-chain fatty acids into a peroxisome. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22. long-chain fatty acid import into peroxisome The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. phospholipid transport The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from electron transport. electron transport coupled proton transport The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Wikipedia:Lipid_catabolism lipid breakdown lipid catabolism lipid degradation lipolysis lipid catabolic process The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. cellular growth growth of cell cell growth The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. anabolic carbohydrate metabolic process anabolic carbohydrate metabolism carbohydrate anabolism carbohydrate biosynthesis carbohydrate formation carbohydrate synthesis carbohydrate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. carbohydrate biosynthesis carbohydrate catabolism carbohydrate degradation catabolic carbohydrate metabolic process catabolic carbohydrate metabolism carbohydrate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. ISBN:0198506732 A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. vesicle transport vesicular transport vesicle trafficking vesicle-mediated transport The directed movement of substances mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials enclosed in the lumen or located in the endosomal membrane. endosomal transport Assembly of gap junctions, which are found in most animal tissues, and serve as direct connections between the cytoplasms of adjacent cells. They provide open channels through the plasma membrane, allowing ions and small molecules (less than approximately a thousand daltons) to diffuse freely between neighboring cells, but preventing the passage of proteins and nucleic acids. Reactome:REACT_9509 gap junction assembly The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide. EC:2.7.-.- Wikipedia:Phosphorylation phosphorylation The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule. dephosphorylation The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Wikipedia:Cell_migration cell migration Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. protein maturation by peptide bond cleavage protein processing The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein. protein deubiquitination The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein. Wikipedia:SUMO_protein SUMO-protein conjugation protein sumolation sumoylation protein sumoylation Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any triester of glycerol. Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any triester of glycerol. GO:0017129 triglyceride binding The chemical reactions and pathways involving a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease; as used here antibiotic substances (see antibiotic metabolism) are considered to be drugs, even if not used in medical or veterinary practice. Wikipedia:Drug_metabolism drug metabolism drug metabolic process The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to a protein. protein myristoylation The modification of a protein by amino acid glucuronidation. glucronide conjugation protein glucuronidation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids. regulation of lipid metabolism regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. regulation of metabolism regulation of metabolic process The removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen. fatty acid oxidation The removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification. Wikipedia:Protein_metabolism protein metabolism protein metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group. glucuronate metabolic process The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. Wikipedia:Cytolysis cytolysis The accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development. lipid retention lipid sequestering retention of lipids sequestration of lipid sequestration of lipids storage of lipids lipid storage One of the distinct periods or stages into which the cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events. cell cycle phase A process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. extracellular matrix disassembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cellular component. cellular component assembly at cellular level cellular component assembly A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. Wikipedia:Electron_transport_chain electron transport chain A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. Wikipedia:Electron_transfer electron transfer respiratory electron transport chain A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. ISBN:0716720094 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. regulation of signaling The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. biological signaling (primitive) signalling (primitive) Note that a signal is any variable property or parameter that serves to convey information, and may be a physical entity such as a gene product or small molecule, a photon, or a change in state such as movement or voltage change. signaling [biological] (primitive) Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. negative regulation of signaling Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell. lamellipodium biogenesis A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin. In vertebrates, insulin is secreted from B granules in the B cells of the vertebrate pancreas and from insulin-producing cells in insects. insulin secretion The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin. In vertebrates, insulin is secreted from B granules in the B cells of the vertebrate pancreas and from insulin-producing cells in insects. ISBN:0198506732 The process of restoring a protein to its original state after damage by such things as oxidation or spontaneous decomposition of residues. protein repair The process in which a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of a lymphocyte. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. lymphocyte cell differentiation lymphocytic blood cell differentiation lymphocyte development Note that immunologists typically use the word 'development' to refer to cells of B or T cell lineages undergoing the process that GO describes as 'cell differentiation'. lymphocyte differentiation The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell in response to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IEV_0003880 NK cell activation natural killer cell activation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. Wikipedia:Cellular_differentiation cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. Wikipedia:Protein_catabolism protein breakdown protein catabolism protein degradation This term refers to the breakdown of mature proteins. For cleavage events involved in generating a mature protein from a precursor, consider instead the term 'protein maturation ; GO:0051604' and its children. protein catabolic process A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. extracellular matrix organization The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. T lymphocyte differentiation T-cell differentiation T-lymphocyte differentiation T cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage. macrophage cell differentiation macrophage differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage. ISBN:0781735149 The process in which peroxisomes are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing nutrient conditions. PMID:10547367 PMID:20083110 autophagy of peroxisome The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. cholesterol transport The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. ISBN:0198506732 Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway. negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway The movement of a leukocyte in response to an external stimulus. immune cell chemotaxis leucocyte chemotaxis leukocyte chemotaxis The process of binding or confining any triester of glycerol such that it is separated from other components of a biological system. GO:0030730 retention of triacylglycerol retention of triglyceride sequestering of triacylglycerol triacylglycerol sequestering triacylglycerol sequestration triacylglycerol storage triglyceride storage sequestering of triglyceride The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium. epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium. PMID:11839751 The post-translational removal of peptide sequences from within a protein sequence. protein splicing The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or other ER-related stress; results in changes in the regulation of transcription and translation. ER unfolded protein response Note that this term should not be confused with 'response to unfolded protein ; GO:0006986', which refers to any response to the presence of unfolded proteins anywhere in the cell or in multicellular organism. Also see 'ER-associated protein catabolic process ; GO:0030433'. endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or other ER-related stress; results in changes in the regulation of transcription and translation. PMID:12042763 The directed movement of unfolded or misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol through the translocon. PMID:11994744 protein retrotranslocation, ER to cytosol retrograde protein transport, endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol The directed movement of unfolded or misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol through the translocon. PMID:11994744 A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues. MESH:D005109 NCIT:C13232 extracellular matrix A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. intracellular membrane organelle membrane A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) cascade relays one or more of the signals. PMID:11790549 JNK signal transduction pathway stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade PMID:11790549 An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol. PtdIns catabolic process PtdIns catabolism phosphatidylinositol breakdown phosphatidylinositol catabolism phosphatidylinositol degradation phosphatidylinositol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol. GOC:mah Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylcholine, a class of glycophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. GO:0031210 phosphatidylcholine binding Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. down regulation of protein complex assembly down-regulation of protein complex assembly downregulation of protein complex assembly inhibition of protein complex assembly negative regulation of protein complex assembly negative regulation of protein complex assembly A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in dynamic structural changes to the arrangement of constituent parts of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. actin cytoskeleton remodeling actin cytoskeleton reorganization Any homeostatic process in which an organism produces heat, thereby raising its internal temperature. heat generation A series of molecular signals mediated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) proteins, members of the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase related kinase (PIKK) family that act as serine/threonine kinases in response to nutrient availability or growth factors. TOR signaling cascade TOR signaling pathway target of rapamycin signaling pathway TOR signaling Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. NIF_Subcellular:sao1687101204 nuclear membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NIF_Subcellular:sao1045389829 mitochondrial membrane Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. membrane-bounded vesicle membrane-enclosed vesicle vesicle The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mitochondrial DNA. mitochondrial DNA catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cardiolipin, 1,3-bis(3-phosphatidyl)glycerol. MetaCyc:PWY-5269 diphosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis diphosphatidylglycerol biosynthetic process cardiolipin biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cardiolipin, 1,3-bis(3-phosphatidyl)glycerol. CHEBI:28494 GOC:mah The assembly of a bleb, a cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Plasma membrane blebbing occurs during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses. membrane blebbing PMID:12083798 PMID:16624291 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleb_(cell_biology) cell blebbing plasma membrane bleb assembly bleb assembly The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule. methylation The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from recycling endosomes back to the plasma membrane where they are recycled for further rounds of transport. retrograde transport of endocytic vesicles endocytic recycling The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from recycling endosomes back to the plasma membrane where they are recycled for further rounds of transport. PMID:16473635 chemokine production The appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. chemokine production type I interferon production The appearance of type I interferon due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families. type I interferon production interferon-gamma production The appearance of interferon-gamma due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. interferon-gamma production The appearance of interleukin-1 beta due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. IL-1 beta production interleukin-1 production The appearance of interleukin-1 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. GO:0032612 interleukin-1 production The appearance of interleukin-2 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. interleukin-2 production tumor necrosis factor production The appearance of tumor necrosis factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. TNF alpha production tumor necrosis factor production The regulated release of bile acid, composed of any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, by a cell or a tissue. Bile contains bile acids, glutathione, phospholipids, cholesterol, bilirubin, and other organic anions, proteins, metals, ions, and xenobiotics. Hepatocytes begins the formation of bile by transporting bile acids, glutathione, and other solutes including Xenobiotics and their metabolites into the canalicular lumen. The major driving force of bile formation is the active transport of bile salts and other osmolytes into the canalicular lumen. Most conjugated bile acids (taurine and glycine conjugates) and some unconjugated bile acids are transported into hepatocytes by sodium-dependent transporters. Sodium-independent uptake of conjugated and unconjugated bile acids is performed by members of the organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs). OATPs also transport numerous drugs and hepatotoxicants. Lipophilic cationic drugs, estrogens, and lipids are exported by the canalicular multiple-drug resistance (MDR) P-glycoproteins, one of which is exclusive for phospholipids. Conjugates of glutathione, glucuronide, and sulfate are exported by multidrug resistance-associated protein2 (MRP2). bile acid secretion transforming growth factor beta1 production The appearance of transforming growth factor-beta1 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. transforming growth factor beta1 production The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone) assembly mitochondrial complex I assembly mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a tumor necrosis factor to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle. cholesterol export cholesterol efflux The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the mitochondrial inner membrane. mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase complex assembly mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV assembly The directed movement of a phospholipid out of a cell or organelle. phospholipid efflux Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 4. toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway TLR4 signaling pathway Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 9. toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway TLR9 signaling pathway The directed movement of triglyceride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins. triacylglycerol transport triglyceride transport A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell junction. cell junction assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. adherens junction assembly The non-covalent aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids in the liver to form a very-low-density lipoprotein particle. very-low-density lipoprotein particle assembly A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lipid particle. lipid droplet organization The removal of one or more electrons from a lipid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen. lipid oxidation The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. phosphatidylglycerol breakdown phosphatidylglycerol catabolism phosphatidylglycerol degradation phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. GOC:mah The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex (also known as ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase), in the mitochondrial inner membrane. mitochondrial cytochrome bc(1) complex assembly mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex II, in the mitochondrial inner membrane. mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II assembly The directed movement of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. glutathione transport The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. phosphatidylcholine breakdown phosphatidylcholine catabolism phosphatidylcholine degradation phosphatidylcholine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. GOC:jp Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. ER stress response cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress response to ER stress response to endoplasmic reticulum stress Downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: endolytic cleavage of mRNA cleavage or translational repression, usually accompanied by poly-A tail shortening and subsequent degradation of the mRNA. gene silencing by miRNA Downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: endolytic cleavage of mRNA cleavage or translational repression, usually accompanied by poly-A tail shortening and subsequent degradation of the mRNA. PMID:14744438 PMID:15066275 PMID:23209154 Positive regulation of an adaptive immune response mediated via cytokine production by helper T cell. helper T cell enhancement of adaptive immune response The removal of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, from a protein amino acid. protein deacylation A change in the morphology or behavior of a hepatic stellate cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, hormone, cellular ligand or soluble factor. hepatic stellate cell activation Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the mitochondrial membrane. positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a long-chain fatty acid. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22. long-chain fatty acid binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a long-chain fatty acyl-CoA. A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA is any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in a thioester linkage with a long-chain fatty-acyl group. Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoAs have chain lengths of C13 or more. long-chain fatty acyl-CoA binding The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications). Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification). protein modification process A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to the receptor Fas on the surface of the cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Fas is a death domain-containing member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily. Fas signaling pathway A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1 (Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease). Begins with activation of IRE1 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. One target of activated IRE1 is the transcription factor HAC1 in yeast, or XBP1 in mammals; IRE1 cleaves an intron of a mRNA coding for HAC1/XBP1 to generate an activated HAC1/XBP1 transcription factor, which controls the up regulation of UPR-related genes. At least in mammals, IRE1 can also signal through additional intracellular pathways including JNK and NF-kappaB. UPR signaling by IRE1 stress sensor endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response; IRE1 signaling IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1 (Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease). Begins with activation of IRE1 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. One target of activated IRE1 is the transcription factor HAC1 in yeast, or XBP1 in mammals; IRE1 cleaves an intron of a mRNA coding for HAC1/XBP1 to generate an activated HAC1/XBP1 transcription factor, which controls the up regulation of UPR-related genes. At least in mammals, IRE1 can also signal through additional intracellular pathways including JNK and NF-kappaB. PMID:22013210 A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor PERK (PKR-like ER kinase). Begins with activation of PERK in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The main substrate of PERK is the translation initiation factor eIF2alpha. Serine-phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by PERK inactivates eIF2alpha and inhibits general protein translation. In addition, eIF2alpha phosphorylation preferentially increases the translation of selective mRNAs such as ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), which up regulates a subset of UPR genes required to restore folding capacity. UPR signaling by PERK stress sensor endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response; PERK signaling PERK-mediated unfolded protein response A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor PERK (PKR-like ER kinase). Begins with activation of PERK in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The main substrate of PERK is the translation initiation factor eIF2alpha. Serine-phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by PERK inactivates eIF2alpha and inhibits general protein translation. In addition, eIF2alpha phosphorylation preferentially increases the translation of selective mRNAs such as ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), which up regulates a subset of UPR genes required to restore folding capacity. PMID:22013210 A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). Begins with activation of ATF6 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, ATF6 translocates to the Golgi where it is processed by proteases to release a cytoplasmic domain (ATF6f), which operates as a transcriptional activator of many genes required to restore folding capacity. activating transcription factor 6 signaling in unfolded protein response endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response; ATF6 signaling ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). Begins with activation of ATF6 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, ATF6 translocates to the Golgi where it is processed by proteases to release a cytoplasmic domain (ATF6f), which operates as a transcriptional activator of many genes required to restore folding capacity. PMID:22013210 The protein catabolic pathway which targets endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident proteins for degradation by the cytoplasmic proteasome. It begins with recognition of the ER-resident protein, includes retrotranslocation (dislocation) of the protein from the ER to the cytosol, protein modifications necessary for correct substrate transfer (e.g. ubiquitination), transport of the protein to the proteasome, and ends with degradation of the protein by the cytoplasmic proteasome. endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation protein degradation by ERAD ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathways target misfolded ER lumenal proteins (ERAD-L), ER membrane proteins (ERAD-M), and ER proteins with misfolded cytosolic domains (ERAD-C) by recognizing aberrant proteins, retrotranslocating these substrates to the cytosol, followed by substrate ubiquitination and proteosomal-mediated degradation. In contrast the stress-induced homeostatically regulated protein degradation (SHRED) pathway (GO:0120174), although inducible by stress, targets diverse ER membrane, and cytosolic proteins as well as numerous other native proteins in the absence of stress. Stress results in the protease-mediated (Nma111p) generation of a Roq1p cleavage product that then binds to the type-1 active site of Ubr1p, altering its substrate specificity, and leading to the proteasome-mediated degradation of both misfolded and native proteins. Although the SHRED pathway may contain some components in common with ERAD pathways (GO:0036503), such as UBR1, RAD6 and CDC48, other ERAD components, such as HRD1 and DOA10, do not appear to be involved, and as such these pathways are currently considered to be distinct. ERAD pathway The protein catabolic pathway which targets endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident proteins for degradation by the cytoplasmic proteasome. It begins with recognition of the ER-resident protein, includes retrotranslocation (dislocation) of the protein from the ER to the cytosol, protein modifications necessary for correct substrate transfer (e.g. ubiquitination), transport of the protein to the proteasome, and ends with degradation of the protein by the cytoplasmic proteasome. PMID:20940304 PMID:21969857 A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-2 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. IL-2-mediated signaling pathway interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway A series of molecular signals mediated by CCL2 (C-C chemokine CCL2). A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL2 to a C-C chemokine type 2 receptor (CCR2) on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. CCL2-activated CCR2 signaling pathway CCL2 signal transduction pathway The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. growth Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. locomotion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence. regulation of gene expression, epigenetic Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence. PMID:10521337 The process carried out by a cell that restores the biological activity of an unfolded or misfolded protein, using helper proteins such as chaperones. PMID:23637286 protein refolding Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity. down regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of EGF receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of EGF receptor signalling pathway negative regulation of EGFR signaling pathway negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokines, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity. cytokine anabolism cytokine biosynthesis cytokine formation cytokine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokines, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity. ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0198599471 The expansion of a T cell population by cell division. Follows T cell activation. T lymphocyte proliferation T-cell proliferation T-lymphocyte proliferation T cell proliferation The expansion of a T cell population by cell division. Follows T cell activation. GO:0042098 The expansion of a B cell population by cell division. Follows B cell activation. B lymphocyte proliferation B-cell proliferation B-lymphocyte proliferation B cell proliferation The expansion of a B cell population by cell division. Follows B cell activation. GO:0042100 The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. T cell activation A change in morphology and behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. macrophage polarization macrophage activation The chemical reaction resulting in the formation of any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the covalently attached nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. lipoprotein anabolism lipoprotein biosynthesis lipoprotein biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. negative regulation of protein catabolic process Any process that results in the repair of damaged RNA. RNA repair Tissue regeneration is a subtype of changing material: The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues. tissue regeneration The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. hormone metabolism hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. CHEBI:24621 Cytoplasmic organelles, spherical or oval in shape, that are bounded by a single membrane and contain oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). microbody Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state. homeostatic process The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP. ATP synthesis coupled electron transport The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. ISBN:0716731363 Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process. Reactome:R-HSA-169911 regulation of apoptotic process Reactome:R-HSA-169911 http://www.reactome.org/content/detail/REACT_13648 Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. positive regulation of apoptotic process up regulation of apoptosis up-regulation of apoptosis upregulation of apoptosis activation of apoptosis pro-apoptosis positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. GO:0043066 anti-apoptosis down regulation of apoptosis down-regulation of apoptosis downregulation of apoptosis inhibition of apoptosis negative regulation of apoptosis pro-survival negative regulation of apoptotic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. NIF_Subcellular:sao1539965131 Wikipedia:Organelle organelle membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. membrane-bounded organelle The internal volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle; includes the volume enclosed by a single organelle membrane, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the volume enclosed by the innermost of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope, e.g. nuclear lumen. organelle lumen Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. regulation of potassium ion transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. negative regulation of potassium ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. positive regulation of potassium ion transport Apoptosis triggered by inadequate or inappropriate adherence to substrate e.g. after disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix. An adherent cell-restricted lethal cascade that is ignited by detachment from the matrix and that is characterized by (i) lack of beta1-integrin engagement, (ii) downregulation of EGFR expression, (iii) inhibition of extracellular-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) signaling, and (iv) overexpression of the BCL-2 family member BIM. It should be noted that in most, if not all, instances, the cell death program ignited by anoikis is executed by the molecular machinery for intrinsic apoptosis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252826/ Wikipedia:Anoikis anoikis The recognition and removal of an apoptotic cell by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte. apoptotic cell removal apoptotic cell clearance The recognition and removal of an apoptotic cell by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte. PMID:14685684 The process of assisting in the disassembly of non-covalent linkages in a protein or protein aggregate, often where the proteins are in a non-functional or denatured state. chaperone-mediated protein transport involved in chaperone-mediated autophagy subClassOf : has_part some protein unfolding protein unfolding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and the processes involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in an organism, tissue or cell, occurring in response to some external stimulus. accumulation of pigments A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound. PMID:20517722 GO:004349 AKT signaling protein kinase B signaling The addition of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, to a protein amino acid. protein acylation Small molecules in GO include monosaccharides but exclude disaccharides and polysaccharides. The chemical reactions and pathways involving small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule. small molecule metabolic process Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. cellular subcomponent cell part The expansion of a dendritic cell population by cell division. A dendritic cell is a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. dendritic cell proliferation The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next cell cycle phase. cell cycle transition cell cycle phase transition A specialized resting state that cells enter in response to cues from the cell's environment. Quiescence is characterized by the absence of cell growth and division, by a reprogramming of global gene expression, and by changes characteristic of the organism and specific cell type. Depending on external conditions, quiescence may persist until cell death or cells may resume cell growth and division. In some cell types or under certain conditions, cellular metabolism may proceed. cell quiescence The cell cycle process by which a cell in G2 phase commits to M phase. cell cycle G2/M phase transition The cell cycle process by which a cell in G1 phase commits to S phase. cell cycle G1/S phase transition Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. innate immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection. regulation of innate immune response The covalent attachment of a palmitoleyl group to a protein. protein palmitoleylation A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. immune cell activation leucocyte activation leukocyte activation The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. adipocyte cell differentiation adipose cell differentiation fat cell differentiation Adipocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers. myoblast cell differentiation myoblast differentiation The process in which a mesodermal, bone marrow or neural crest cell acquires specialized features of an endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell. A layer of such cells lines the inside surfaces of body cavities, blood vessels, and lymph vessels, making up the endothelium. endothelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features. regulation of cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis. down regulation of gluconeogenesis down-regulation of gluconeogenesis downregulation of gluconeogenesis negative regulation of gluconeogenesis Negative regulation of DNA repair is a subtype of negative regulation process: A process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair. negative regulation of DNA repair Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. positive regulation of cell cycle progression positive regulation of progression through cell cycle positive regulation of cell cycle Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. negative regulation of endocytosis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis. down regulation of glycolysis down-regulation of glycolysis downregulation of glycolysis negative regulation of glycolytic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. positive regulation of proteolysis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. down regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent down-regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. ATP metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving aflatoxin, a fungal metabolite found as a contaminant in moldy grains that induces liver cancer. Aflatoxin induces a G to T transversion at codon 249 of p53, leading to its inactivation. Aflatoxin is converted to a chemical carcinogen by P450. aflatoxin metabolism aflatoxin metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. phosphatidylethanolamine breakdown phosphatidylethanolamine catabolism phosphatidylethanolamine degradation biological_process phosphatidylethanolamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. They are important constituents of cell membranes. phosphatidylcholine metabolism biological_process phosphatidylcholine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. They are important constituents of cell membranes. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. They are important constituents of cell membranes. phosphatidylglycerol metabolism biological_process phosphatidylglycerol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. They are important constituents of cell membranes. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids. phosphatidic acid metabolism biological_process phosphatidic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. glycerophospholipid anabolism glycerophospholipid biosynthesis glycerophospholipid formation glycerophospholipid synthesis phosphoglyceride biosynthesis phosphoglyceride biosynthetic process biological_process glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. glycerophospholipid breakdown glycerophospholipid catabolism glycerophospholipid degradation phosphoglyceride catabolic process phosphoglyceride catabolism biological_process glycerophospholipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol. PtdIns metabolic process PtdIns metabolism phosphatidylinositol metabolism phosphoinositide metabolic process phosphoinositide metabolism phosphatidylinositol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol. CHEBI:28874 ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid. ceramide anabolism ceramide biosynthesis ceramide formation ceramide synthesis ceramide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramides, any N-acetylated sphingoid. catabolosm ceramide breakedown ceramide degradation ceramide catabolic process The directed movement of a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease, out of a cell or organelle. drug export A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IEV_0003879 lymphocyte activation The expansion of a lymphocyte population by cell division. lymphocyte proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the release of insulin. negative regulation of insulin secretion The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation). protein autophosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids. positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process ketone body biosynthetic process is a subtype of generating: A process that synthesizes ketone body resulting in having output (s). ketone body biosynthetic process The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway HGFR signal transduction pathway The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. Golgi vesicle transport A small, subcellular membrane-bounded vesicle containing pigment and/or pigment precursor molecules. Pigment granule biogenesis is poorly understood, as pigment granules are derived from multiple sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, coated vesicles, lysosomes, and endosomes. pigment granule Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a chemical. chemical homeostasis The regulated release of cytokines from a cell. Cytokines are any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity. cytokine secretion The regulated release of cytokines from a cell. Cytokines are any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity. ISBN:0198599471 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus. regulation of immune response Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. response to stimulus The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. immune cell migration immune cell trafficking leucocyte migration leucocyte trafficking leukocyte trafficking leukocyte migration The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. ISBN:0781735149 PMID:14680625 PMID:14708592 PMID:7507411 PMID:8600538 Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. positive regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. regulation of transport (biology) Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids. down regulation of lipid biosynthetic process down-regulation of lipid biosynthetic process downregulation of lipid biosynthetic process negative regulation of lipid anabolism negative regulation of lipid biosynthesis negative regulation of lipid formation negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. export from nucleus nucleus export nuclear export The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. GO:0051168 The directed movement of substances into, out of, or within the nucleus. nucleus transport nuclear transport The directed movement of substances into the nucleus. nuclear import nucleus import substance nuclear import import into nucleus The process of binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. calcium ion (Ca2+) retention calcium ion (Ca2+) sequestering calcium ion (Ca2+) sequestration calcium ion (Ca2+) storage retention of calcium ion (Ca2+) sequestering of calcium ion (Ca2+) storage of calcium ion (Ca2+) sequestering of calcium ion The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. protein polymerization chromosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information. This term covers covalent modifications at the molecular level as well as spatial relationships among the major components of a chromosome. chromosome organization The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. Wikipedia:Cell_division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IEV_0003382　(obsolete) cell division The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis) and the beginning of DNA synthesis. MeSH:D016193 G1 phase The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis). MeSH:D016195 PMID:24885854 Wikipedia:G2_phase Note that this term should not be used for direct annotation. If you are trying to make an annotation to x phase, it is likely that the correct annotation is 'regulation of x/y phase transition' or to a process which occurs during the reported phase (i.e mitotic DNA replication for mitotic S-phase). To capture the phase when a specific location or process is observed, the phase term can be used in an annotation extension (PMID:24885854) applied to a cellular component term (with the relation exists_during) or a biological process term (with the relation happens_during). G2 phase The cell cycle phase, following G1, during which DNA synthesis takes place. MeSH:D016196 S phase Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. cell cycle modulation cell cycle regulation control of cell cycle progression modulation of cell cycle progression regulation of cell cycle progression regulation of progression through cell cycle regulation of cell cycle Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division. up regulation of cell division positive regulation of cell division Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B. negative regulation of AKT signalling cascade negative regulation of PKB signaling cascade negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling The modification of a xenobiotic substance by the conjugation of glucuronic acid. The resultant glucuronosides are often much more water-soluble than the xenobiotic precursor, enabling efficient excretion. xenobiotic glucuronidation An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane. endosomal recycling compartment ERC endosome recycling compartment recycling endosome The process in which a solute is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. membrane transport Transmembrane transport requires transport of a solute across a lipid bilayer. Note that transport through the nuclear pore complex is not transmembrane because the nuclear membrane is a double membrane and is not traversed. For transport through the nuclear pore, consider instead the term 'nucleocytoplasmic transport ; GO:0006913' and its children. Note also that this term is not intended for use in annotating lateral movement within membranes. transmembrane transport Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of phospholipid within an organism or cell. maintaining phospholipid homeostasis A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons. oxidation reduction oxidoreductase process oxidation-reduction process The conversion of a differentiated cell of one fate into a differentiated cell of another fate without first undergoing cell division or reversion to a more primitive or stem cell-like fate. Wikipedia:Transdifferentiation Transdifferentiation Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of phospholipid catabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. cellular membrane organisation membrane organization A cytosolic protein complex that is capable of activating caspase-1. inflammasome complex The membrane invagination process by which an autophagosomal membrane surrounds an object that will be degraded by macroautophagy. engulfment of target by autophagosome The selective autophagy process in which a damaged lysosome is degraded by macroautophagy. lysophagy The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a complex. macromolecular complex assembly protein-containing complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and lipids to form a protein-lipid complex. protein-lipid complex assembly The covalent attachment and further modification of carbohydrate residues to a substrate molecule. glycosylation A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-6 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. IL-6-mediated signaling pathway interleukin-6-mediated signalling pathway interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway A type of cell death that is morphologically characterized by an increasingly translucent cytoplasm, swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. Necrotic cells do not fragment into discrete corpses as their apoptotic counterparts do. Moreover, their nuclei remain intact and can aggregate and accumulate in necrotic tissues. cellular necrosis Note that the word necrosis has been widely used in earlier literature to describe forms of cell death which are now known by more precise terms, such as apoptosis. Necrosis can occur in a regulated fashion, involving a precise sequence of signals; in this case, consider annotating to GO:0097300 'programmed necrotic cell death' or to its more specific child GO:0070266 'necroptotic process'. necrosis A type of cell death that is morphologically characterized by an increasingly translucent cytoplasm, swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. Necrotic cells do not fragment into discrete corpses as their apoptotic counterparts do. Moreover, their nuclei remain intact and can aggregate and accumulate in necrotic tissues. PMID:18846107 PMID:20823910 A caspase-1-dependent cell death subroutine that is associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators such as IL-1beta and IL-18. PMID: 21760595 PMID:18846107 PMID:21760595 pyroptosis PMID: 21760595 The term ‘pyroptosis' has been introduced in 2000 by Brennan and Cookson to functionally describe the peculiar death of macrophages infected by Salmonella typhimurium. Several other bacterial triggers of this atypical cell death modality have been identified, including Shigella flexneri, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Francisella tularensis and the Bacillus anthracis. However, it has become clear that pyroptosis neither constitutes a macrophage-specific process nor a cell death subroutine that only results from bacterial infection. Of note, pyroptotic cells can exhibit apoptotic and/or necrotic morphological features. Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidic acid, any of a class of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids. GO:0070300 phosphatidic acid binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidic acid, any of a class of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids. CHEBI:16337 A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-1 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. IL-1-mediated signaling pathway interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway IL-1 signal transduction pathway A protein modification process in which one or more covalently attached groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are removed from a target protein. protein modification by small protein removal A protein modification process in which one or more groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to or removed from a target protein. protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal The process of removing one or more methyl groups from a molecule. demethylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids. positive regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process transforming growth factor beta production The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. transforming growth factor beta production chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 production The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 production The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. CCL1 production T cell activation 3 production TCA-3 production chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 production tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production The appearance of any member of the TNF superfamily due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins transported from the endoplasmic reticulum and targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation. ER-associated misfolded protein breakdown ER-associated misfolded protein catabolism ER-associated misfolded protein degradation endoplasmic reticulum-associated misfolded protein catabolic process endoplasmic reticulum-associated misfolded protein catabolism endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. cellular component organization or biogenesis The cellular DNA metabolic process resulting in the formation of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long unbranched macromolecule formed from one or two strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides, the 3'-phosphate group of each constituent deoxyribonucleotide being joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage to the 5'-hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose moiety of the next one. DNA anabolism DNA biosynthesis DNA formation DNA synthesis DNA biosynthetic process A series of molecular signals transduced with the regulation of transcription of target genes by p53. signal transduction by p53 class mediator The multiplication or reproduction of hepatocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Hepatocytes form the main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. hepatocellular hyperplasia hepatocyte proliferation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. foam cell differentiation The directed movement of low-density lipoprotein particle from endosomes to lysosomes. endosome to lysosome transport of LDL endosome to lysosome transport of low-density lipoprotein particle A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane. endoplasmic reticulum membrane organization A cell aging process stimulated in response to cellular stress, whereby normal cells lose the ability to divide through irreversible cell cycle arrest. cellular senescence A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP). intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the apoptosome, a multisubunit protein complex involved in the signaling phase of the apoptotic process. apoptosome assembly chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 production The appearance of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 production A programmed cell death characterized morphologically by the presence of smaller than normal mitochondria with condensed mitochondrial membrane densities, reduction or vanishing of mitochondria crista, and outer mitochondrial membrane rupture. Activation of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels and mitogen-activated protein kinases, upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inhibition of cystine/glutamate antiporter are involved in the induction of ferroptosis. This process is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from iron metabolism. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), heat shock protein beta-1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 function as negative regulators of ferroptosis by limiting ROS production and reducing cellular iron uptake, respectively. In contrast, NADPH oxidase and p53 act as positive regulators of ferroptosis by promotion of ROS production and inhibition of expression of SLC7A11 (a specific light-chain subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter), respectively. Misregulated ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes. pmid:25236395 pmid:26794443 feroptosis Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. detoxification Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide. cellular oxidant detoxification An infolding of the plasma membrane. plasma membrane invagination Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to oxidative stress. positive regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macromitophagy. regulation of mitophagy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy. positive regulation of mitophagy Interacting selectively and non-covalently with fatty acid derivative. fatty acid derivative binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylglycerol. GO:1901611 phosphatidylglycerol binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator. downregulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator negative regulation of p53 signaling Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proteasomal protein catabolic process. negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process Negative regulation of cell junction assembly is a subtype of negative regulation process: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell junction assembly. inhibition of cell junction assembly negative regulation of cell junction assembly Any DNA replication initiation that is involved in cell cycle DNA replication. DNA replication initiation involved in cell cycle DNA replication DNA-dependent DNA replication initiation involved in cell cycle DNA replication cell cycle DNA replication initiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication. down regulation of DNA replication involved in S phase negative regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication The directed movement of a proton across a membrane. proton transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone. negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone The chemical reaction resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. reactive oxygen species biosynthesis reactive oxygen species formation reactive oxygen species synthesis reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process reactive oxygen species synthesis PMID:24252804 Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ROS. negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process negative regulation of ROS formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gap junction assembly. negative regulation of gap junction assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione biosynthetic process. positive regulation of glutathione anabolism positive regulation of glutathione biosynthesis positive regulation of glutathione formation positive regulation of glutathione synthesis up regulation of glutathione anabolism up regulation of glutathione biosynthesis positive regulation of glutathione biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ERAD pathway. positive regulation of ERAD Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein refolding. up regulation of protein refolding up-regulation of protein refolding upregulation of protein refolding positive regulation of protein refolding The orderly movement of a macrophage from one site to another. macrophage migration Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. cellular detoxification The multiplication or reproduction of hepatic stellate cells, resulting in the expansion of a hepatic stellate cell population. Hepatic stellate cells are found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver, and are capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver. Ito cell proliferation hepatic perisinusoidal cell proliferation perisinusoidal cell proliferation hepatic stellate cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular senescence. negative regulation of cellular senescence As a result of binding to Bid, Bax oligomerizes and integrates in the outer mitochondrial membrane that triggers cytochrome c release. Bax mitochondrial membrane insertion triggered by Bid may represent a key step in pathways leading to apoptosis (Eskes et al., 2000) Reactome:R-HSA-114294.2 Activation, translocation and oligomerization of BAX As a result of binding to Bid, Bax oligomerizes and integrates in the outer mitochondrial membrane that triggers cytochrome c release. Bax mitochondrial membrane insertion triggered by Bid may represent a key step in pathways leading to apoptosis (Eskes et al., 2000) Reactome tBID binds to its mitochondrial partner BAK to release cytochrome c. Activated tBID results in an allosteric activation of BAK. This may induce its intramembranous oligomerization into a pore for cytochrome c efflux. Reactome:R-HSA-114294.2 Activation and oligomerization of BAK protein Activation of BH3-only proteins Xenobiotics that contain either a carboxylic group or an aromatic hydroxylamine group are possible substrates for amino acid conjugation. Xenobiotics with a carboxylic group conjugate with an amino group of amino acids such as glycine, taurine and glutamine. The hydroxylamine group conjugates with the carboxylic group of amino acids such as proline and serine. amino acid conjugation The combination of glutamate, cysteine and ATP is required to form glutathione. The steps involved in the synthesis and recycling of glutathione are outlined (Meister, 1988). PMID:3053703 Reactome: R-HSA-174403.4 Glutathione synthesis and recycling Reactome: R-HSA-174403.4 https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-156580&SEL=R-HSA-174403 Transport of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane. Translocation of NF-kappaB from the cytosol to the nucleus A phenotypic abnormality. Phenotypic abnormality An abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of the body. Dropsy Fluid retention Hydrops Oedema Water retention edema An increased concentration of glucose in the blood. High blood glucose High blood sugar Hyperglycemia A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. information content entity A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. measurement datum GO:0005110 Wnt GO:0005113 Hh hedgehog NCBI-Human-GeneID:6469 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:20423 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29499 HHG-1 Sonic hedgehog SHH (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:6469 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6469 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:20423 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/20423 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29499 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/29499 IL Interleukin GO:0005134 Interleukin-2 TCGF IL-2 GO:0005137 interleukin-5 IL-5 GO:0005138 interleukin-6 IL-6 (mol) GO:0005149 interleukin-1 IL-1 (mol) GO:0005135 interleukin-3 IL-3 GO:0005142 interleukin-11 IL-11 Wikipedia:Thrombopoietin thrombopoietin TPO GO:0005128 OMIM: 133170 Wikipedia:Erythropoietin erythropoietin EPO granulocyte colony-stimulating factor related molecular function GO:0005130 G-CSF OMIM: 138960 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor relate molecular function GO:0005129 GM-CSF OMIM: 159540 leukemia inhibitory factor LIF OMIM: 184745 Wikipedia:Stem_cell_factor related molecular function GO:0005173 stem cell factor SCF GO:0005164 IPR:006052 TNF superfamily CD178 antigen CD95L Fas ligand FasL Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 FasL GO:0005174 CD154 CD40 ligand gp39 CD40L TNF tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF alpha TNF beta lymphotoxin lymphotoxin alpha LT alpha IFN Interferon GO:0005132 type I Interferon IFN type I GO:0005133 type II Interferon IFN type II GO:0005172 NCBI-Human-GeneID:7422 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:22339 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:83785 VEGFA vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:7422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7422 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:22339 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/22339 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:83785 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/83785 GO:0005161 platelet derived growth factor PDGF GO:0005171 hepatocyte growth factor scatter factor HGF GO:0005165 nerve growth factor family neurotrophin NGF family acidic cytokeratin type I cytokeratin The TGF-beta superfamily of growth factors regulate many cellular functions, which includes TGF-betas, activins and inhibins, nodal, BMPs and GDFs. TGF-beta/BMP-like proteins are found in various species, including Xenopus, C.elegans and D.melanogaster. GO:0005160 transforming growth factor beta superfamily TGF-beta superfamily The TGF-beta superfamily of growth factors regulate many cellular functions, which includes TGF-betas, activins and inhibins, nodal, BMPs and GDFs. TGF-beta/BMP-like proteins are found in various species, including Xenopus, C.elegans and D.melanogaster. PMID:12485160 PMID:18000526 PMID:9759503 GO:0016916 inhibin GO:0016915 activin BMPs belong to the TGF-beta superfamily. BMP-like molecules have been identified in various species including D.melanogaster (Dpp, Gbb/60A and Scw) and C.elegans. Bone morphogenetic protein family BMP family BMPs belong to the TGF-beta superfamily. BMP-like molecules have been identified in various species including D.melanogaster (Dpp, Gbb/60A and Scw) and C.elegans. PMID:15871923 PMID:9720756 PMID:9759503 GO:0005160 TGF-beta family GO:0005160 transforming growth factor-beta 1 TGF-beta1 GO:0005160 transforming growth factor-beta 2 TGF-beta2 GO:0005160 transforming growth factor-beta 3 TGF-beta3 GO:0005160 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor GDNF Nodal family epidermal growth factor family EGF family NRG neuregulin GO:0005104 Fibroblast growth factor HBGF Heparin-binding growth factor FGF neutral to basic cytokeratin type II cytokeratin leptin A protein hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, generally promoting the cellular utilization of glucose. It is also an important regulator of protein and lipid metabolism. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. IMR:0010309 IMR:0011543 IMR:0011922 GO:0016088 MeSH:D007328 Humulin Insulin precursor insulin A chain insulin B chain insulin fragments insulin A protein hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, generally promoting the cellular utilization of glucose. It is also an important regulator of protein and lipid metabolism. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. MeSH:D007328 cytokeratin 1 GO:0005027 tumor necrosis factor receptor family TNFR family GO:0005028 CD40 Apo-1 CD95 Fas receptor FasR GO:0005032 tumor necrosis factor receptor, type I TNFR1 GO:0005033 tumor necrosis factor receptor, type II TNFR2 GO:0005017 platelet derived growth factor receptor PDGF receptor GO:0005018 alpha platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha PDGF receptor GO:0005019 beta platelet derived growth factor receptor beta PDGF receptor insulin receptor family anaplastic lymphoma kinase ALK leukocyte tyrosine kinase LTK IMR:0010308 IMR:0011304 IMR:0011542 GO:0005009 CD220 antigen IR insulin receptor alpha subunit insulin receptor beta subunit insulin receptor precursor insulin receptor The vertebrate Fgfr gene family consists of four highly related genes, Fgfr1-4. GO:0005007 fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR family The vertebrate Fgfr gene family consists of four highly related genes, Fgfr1-4. PMID:15689573 GO:0005006 epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR (mol) GO:0008095 IP3R inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate receptor IP3 receptor GO:0004887 c-erbA thyroid hormone receptor TR cytokeratin 3 Estrogen receptor transcription factors that are activated by ligands and heterodimerize with RETINOID X RECEPTORS and bind to peroxisome proliferator response elements in the promoter regions of target genes. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D047492 Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor PPAR Retinoic acid receptor RAR GO:0005024 Transforming growth factor-beta receptor TGF-beta receptor GO:0005025 Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type I TGF-beta receptor type I GO:0005026 Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II TGF-beta receptor type II GO:0004907 interleukin receptor GO:0004911 interleukin-2 receptor IL-2 receptor GO:0004914 interleukin-5 receptor IL-5 receptor GO:0004915 interleukin-6 receptor IL-6 receptor GO:0004913 interleukin-4 receptor IL-4 receptor GO:0004912 interleukin-3 receptor IL-3 receptor GO:0004917 interleukin-7 receptor IL-7 receptor GO:0004919 interleukin-9 receptor IL-9 receptor GO:0016515 interleukin-13 receptor IL-13 receptor GO:0042010 interleukin-15 receptor IL-15 receptor GO:0004908 interleukin-1 receptor IL-1 receptor GO:0042008 IL-1Rrp IL1 receptor-related protein Interleukin-18 receptor IL-18 receptor Toll-like receptor TLR OB-R leptin receptor GO:0004904 interferon receptor IFNR GO:0004905 IFNAR Interferon alpha/beta receptor IFNR type I GO:0004906 IFNGR Interferon-gamma receptor IFNR type II GO:0042611 major histocompatibility complex MHC family MHC class Ia (classical) molecules, termed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, HLA-B and HLA-C in humans and H2-K, H2-D and H2-L in mice, are highly polymorphic glycoproteins composed of a single membrane-spanning alpha chain paired with the soluble protein beta2 microglobulin. GO:0042612 MHC class Ia molecule classical MHC class I molecule major histocompatibility complex class I molecule MHC class I molecule MHC class Ia (classical) molecules, termed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, HLA-B and HLA-C in humans and H2-K, H2-D and H2-L in mice, are highly polymorphic glycoproteins composed of a single membrane-spanning alpha chain paired with the soluble protein beta2 microglobulin. ISBN:0815340729 PMID:10607669 PMID:16860610 MHC class II molecules are composed of membrane-spanning alpha and beta chains. GO:0042613 classical MHC class II molecule major histocompatibility complex class II molecule MHC class II molecule MHC class II molecules are composed of membrane-spanning alpha and beta chains. ISBN:0815340729 PMID:10607669 cytokeratin 4 T-cell receptor TCR family GO:0019815 B cell receptor B cell receptor complex B-cell antigen receptor BCR complex BCR FcR FcepsilonRI High affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I FcgammaRI Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma FC region receptor III FcgammaRIII Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II FcgammaRII cytokeratin 5 cytokeratin 7 cytokeratin 8 IMR:0000260 cytokeratin 6D cytokeratin 6A cadherin Arc-1 Epithelial-cadherin L-CAM Uvomorulin cadherin-1 cell-CAM120/80 E-cadherin A-CAM Neural-cadherin cadherin-2 N-cadherin Retinal-cadherin cadherin-4 R-cadherin Vascular endothelial-cadherin cadherin-5 VE-cadherin Integrins comprise a large family of cell surface receptors that are found in many animal species, ranging from sponge to mammals. They are composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and each alpha beta combination has its own binding specificity and signaling properties. integrin Integrins comprise a large family of cell surface receptors that are found in many animal species, ranging from sponge to mammals. They are composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and each alpha beta combination has its own binding specificity and signaling properties. PMID:10446041 Integrin alpha Integrin beta alpha-catenin named 'beta-catenin family' formerly. beta-catenin intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM neuronal cell adhesion molecule N-CAM paxillin A role played by the protein contributes to the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton. IMR:0000188 (obsolete) actin filament cytoskeletal protein related cellular component GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton protein alpha-actinin actin myosin tropomyosin troponin kinesin dynein cytokeratin keratin GO:0005883 neurofilament protein dystrophin Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein APC ankyrin IMR:0000302 cytokeratin 6F cytokeratin 6B MeSH:D019061 Src family C-terminal Src kinase Csk Janus kinases (Jaks) are non-receptor tyrosine kinases. In mammals, the family has four members, Jak1, Jak2, Jak3 and Tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2). In Drosophila there is only one Jak kinase, Hopscotch (Hop). GO:0004718 Janus kinase JAK Janus kinases (Jaks) are non-receptor tyrosine kinases. In mammals, the family has four members, Jak1, Jak2, Jak3 and Tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2). In Drosophila there is only one Jak kinase, Hopscotch (Hop). PMID:15575979 Fak/Pyk2 GO:0004717 Focal adhesion kinase Fak CADTK Cak beta RAFTK calcium-dependent tyrosine kinase cell adhesion kinase beta prolin-rich tyrosine kinase 2 related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase Pyk2 ZAP-70/Syk ZAP-70 Spleen tyrosine kinase Syk Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, ERK-1/2, JNK/SAPK, p38 and ERK5. MAPKs are activated by dual phosphorylation on both tyrosine and threonine residues of a conserved TXY motif. GO:0004707 IPR:003527 MAP kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, ERK-1/2, JNK/SAPK, p38 and ERK5. MAPKs are activated by dual phosphorylation on both tyrosine and threonine residues of a conserved TXY motif. PMID:11242034 PMID:9922370 GO:0016909 IPR:008351 c-jun N-terminal kinase stress-activated protein kinase JNK/SAPK IPR:008352 p38 ERK1 and ERK2 are isoforms of the 'classical' MAPK. Both ERK1 and ERK2 (referred to as ERK1/2) are activated by MAP/ERK kinase 1 (MEK1) and MEK2 (referred to as MEK1/2). MEK1/2 phosphorylates threonine and tyrosine residues in the Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) sequence of ERK1/2. Activated ERK1/2 phosphorylates many substrates including transcription factors, such as Elk1 and c-Myc, and protein kinases, such as ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK). IPR:008349 ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinase MAPK/ERK p42/p44 MAP kinase p42/p44 MAPK ERK1/2 ERK1 and ERK2 are isoforms of the 'classical' MAPK. Both ERK1 and ERK2 (referred to as ERK1/2) are activated by MAP/ERK kinase 1 (MEK1) and MEK2 (referred to as MEK1/2). MEK1/2 phosphorylates threonine and tyrosine residues in the Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) sequence of ERK1/2. Activated ERK1/2 phosphorylates many substrates including transcription factors, such as Elk1 and c-Myc, and protein kinases, such as ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK). PMID:16880823 GO:0004709 MAP kinase kinase kinase MAPKK kinase MKKK MAPKKK c-mos mos Raf MOM-4 TGF-bata activated kinase 1 TAK1 Cot Est Tumor progression locus 2 cancer Osaka thyroid oncogene Tpl2 GO:0004710 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase MEKK PAK MLK family GO:0004704 NF-kappa B-inducing kinase NIK GO:0008385 I-kappaB kinase complex IKK complex IMR:0000270 cytokeratin 6E cytokeratin 6C GO:0004697 protein kinase C PKC novel PKC isoforms (delta, epsilon, eta and theta) are regulated by DAG and phospholipids. novel protein kinase C nPKC novel PKC isoforms (delta, epsilon, eta and theta) are regulated by DAG and phospholipids. PMID:15282562 atypical PKC isoforms (zeta and lambda/iota; PKC-lambda is the mouse ortholog of human PKC-iota) are insensitive to both calcium and DAG. GO:0004700 atypical protein kinase C aPKC atypical PKC isoforms (zeta and lambda/iota; PKC-lambda is the mouse ortholog of human PKC-iota) are insensitive to both calcium and DAG. PMID:15282562 A family of 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK; also known as p90rsk or MAPK-activated protein kinase-1, MAPKAP-K1). The RSK family of kinases includes three isoforms: RSK1, RSK2 and RSK3 that are encoded by distinct genes and show 75-80% amino acid identity. RSK proteins is regulated by the ERK kinase pathway. GO:0004711 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase MAPK-activated protein kinase-1 MAPKAP kinase-1 MAPKAP-K1 p90rsk RSK A family of 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK; also known as p90rsk or MAPK-activated protein kinase-1, MAPKAP-K1). The RSK family of kinases includes three isoforms: RSK1, RSK2 and RSK3 that are encoded by distinct genes and show 75-80% amino acid identity. RSK proteins is regulated by the ERK kinase pathway. PMID:10411321 PKA is comprised of two types of subunits. Two catalytic (C) subunits bind to a regulatory (R) subunit dimer to form an inactive holoenzyme complex. Binding of cAMP to the regulatory subunit causes the catalytic subunit to be unleashed. GO:0004691 GO:0005952 cAMP-dependent protein kinase protein kinase A PKA PKA is comprised of two types of subunits. Two catalytic (C) subunits bind to a regulatory (R) subunit dimer to form an inactive holoenzyme complex. Binding of cAMP to the regulatory subunit causes the catalytic subunit to be unleashed. PMID:17996741 PKB RAC serine/threonine protein kinase RAC-PK protein kinase B Akt GO:0004692 cGMP-dependent protein kinase PKG Ste20 homolog family mammalian Ste20-like kinases (MAPKKKK) G-protein coupled receptor kinase IMR:0010402 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 hPDK1 phosphatidylinositol-dependent kinase PDK polo-like kinase Plk GO:0004696 glycogen synthase kinase 3 GSK3 GO:0004708 MAP kinase kinase MAPK kinase MAPKK MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases. MAPKK1/2 MEK MEK1/2 MKK1/2 MEK1/2(MKK1/2) MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases. PMID:11242034 PMID:9922370 MKK4 and MKK7 phosphorylate and activate JNK MAP kinases. MKK4/7(JNKK1/2) MKK4 and MKK7 phosphorylate and activate JNK MAP kinases. PMID:11242034 PMID:9922370 MKK3 and MKK6 phosphorylate and activate p38 MAP kinases. MKK3/6 MKK3 and MKK6 phosphorylate and activate p38 MAP kinases. PMID:11242034 PMID:9922370 Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+). GO:0016303 PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PI3-kinase Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 regulatory subunit PI3-kinase p85 subunit Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p110 catalytic subunit PI3-kinase p110 subunit Receptor interacting protein Receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase RIP Src homology-2 domain-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase SHIP SHP family HCP PTP1C SH-PTP1 Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 SHP-1 PTP1D SH-PTP2 Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 Syp SHP-2 phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate. EC:3.1.1.4 GO:0004623 PMID:30077006 phospholipase A2 PLA2 (mol) EC:3.1.4.11 GO:0004629 phospholipase C PLC (mol) MeSH: D051966 phospholipase C gamma PLC gamma phospholipase C beta PLCbeta EC:3.1.4.4 GO:0004630 phospholipase D PLD IPR:003577 Ras family Ras GTPase Ras NCBI-Human-GeneID:3845 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:16653 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:24525 K-Ras Ki-ras KRAS (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:3845 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3845 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:16653 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/16653 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:24525 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/24525 related to Ras R-Ras Ras-like Ral Ras proximal Rap IPR:003578 Rho family Rho Rac IPR:003579 Ras genes from rat brain Rab IPR:002041 Ras-like nuclear protein TC4 Ran Arf/Sar EC:3.4.-.- GO:0008233 peptidase protease GO:0030693 caspase (family) effector caspase signaling (initiator) caspase The 26S proteasome is a 2.5-MDa molecular machine built from ~31 different subunits, which catalyzes protein degradation. It contains a barrel-shaped proteolytic core complex (the 20S proteasome), capped at one or both ends by 19S regulatory complexes, which recognize ubiquitinated proteins. GO:0000502 26S proteasome The 26S proteasome is a 2.5-MDa molecular machine built from ~31 different subunits, which catalyzes protein degradation. It contains a barrel-shaped proteolytic core complex (the 20S proteasome), capped at one or both ends by 19S regulatory complexes, which recognize ubiquitinated proteins. PMID:10872471 PMID:9228274 PMID:9647729 EC:3.6.5.1 G-protein, alpha subunit Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha subunit G-alpha G-alpha-s class G-alpha-i class G-alpha-i Galphao, the most abundant G protein in mammalian brain, occurs at least in two subforms, i.e., Galphao1 and Galphao2, derived by alternative splicing of the mRNA. IMR:0100371 IMR:0100372 G-alpha-o Galphao, the most abundant G protein in mammalian brain, occurs at least in two subforms, i.e., Galphao1 and Galphao2, derived by alternative splicing of the mRNA. PMID:9990023 transducin alpha G-alpha-t G-alpha-z G-alpha-q class G-alpha-12/13 class Catalysis role of the reaction: E1 + ubiquitin + ATP--> E1-ubiquitin + AMP + PPi, where the E1-ubiquitin linkage is a thioester bond between the C-terminal glycine of Ub and a sulfhydryl side group of an E1 cysteine residue. This is the first step in a cascade of reactions in which ubiquitin is ultimately added to a protein substrate. EC:6.2.1.45 IMR:0000327 (obsolete) Wikipedia:Ubiquitin-activating_enzyme E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) related molecular function GO:0004839 ubiquitin activating enzyme E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme http://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/6.2.1.45 EC:1.14.99.1 prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase COX Alternative splicing of the mammal crk gene yields two translation products designated the 28-kDa Crk-I and the 42-kDa Crk-II protein. CT-10 regulator of kinase Proto-oncogene C-crk Crk Alternative splicing of the mammal crk gene yields two translation products designated the 28-kDa Crk-I and the 42-kDa Crk-II protein. PMID:10393272 Crk I Crk-like protein Crk-L Crk II The best characterised member of the SH2/SH3 adaptor protein family is Grb2, the human homologue of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans protein Sem-5. The structure of Grb2 consists of one SH2 domain flanked by two SH3 domains. Recently, further members of the Grb2 family have been isolated, Grap protein and Gads. Grb2 family The best characterised member of the SH2/SH3 adaptor protein family is Grb2, the human homologue of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans protein Sem-5. The structure of Grb2 consists of one SH2 domain flanked by two SH3 domains. Recently, further members of the Grb2 family have been isolated, Grap protein and Gads. PMID:10393272 IMR:0010276 ASH protein Ash GRB2 adapter protein Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 SH2/SH3 adapter GRB2 abundant Src homology protein growth factor receptor bound protein 2 Grb2 Grb2-related adaptor protein Grap The widely expressed Nck is a 47-kDa cytosolic protein exclusively composed of one SH2 and three SH3 domains. Recently, a second member of the Nck family has been isolated (Nck beta/Grb4) which shows 68% amino acid identity to Nck (Nck alpha). Nck family The widely expressed Nck is a 47-kDa cytosolic protein exclusively composed of one SH2 and three SH3 domains. Recently, a second member of the Nck family has been isolated (Nck beta/Grb4) which shows 68% amino acid identity to Nck (Nck alpha). PMID:10393272 IMR:0011207 Cytoplasmic protein NCK1 IRS-4a-P NCK adaptor protein 1 Nck alpha SH2/SH3 adaptor protein NCK-alpha Nck IMR:0011208 Cytoplasmic protein NCK2 IRS-4b-P NCK adaptor protein 2 Nck-2 SH2/SH3 adaptor protein NCK-beta Nck beta/Grb4 src homology and collagen Shc SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kD SLP-76 insulin receptor substrate IRS cytokeratin 9 BLNK/SLP-65 Cbl Growth factor receptor-bound protein 7 Grb7 cytokeratin 10 cytokeratin 12 cytokeratin 13 cytokeratin 14 cytokeratin 15 cytokeratin 16 Smads is a conserved family of signal transducers. Functionally, Smads fall into three subfamilies:R-Smads; Co-Smads; I-Smads. Eight Smad proteins are encoded in vertebrate, four in Drosophila, and three in C. elegans. IPR:001132 SMAD Smad Smads is a conserved family of signal transducers. Functionally, Smads fall into three subfamilies:R-Smads; Co-Smads; I-Smads. Eight Smad proteins are encoded in vertebrate, four in Drosophila, and three in C. elegans. PMID:11792802 PMID:16322555 PMID:9393997 There are five vertebrate R-Smads, Smad1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad5 and Smad8 and they are phosphorylated in response to different types of TGF-beta ligands. Phosphorylated R-Smads can form complexes with Smad4 and positively or negatively regulate transcription. The Mad protein in Drosophila is the ortholog of Smad1/5, whereas dSmad2 is the ortholog of Smad2/3. In C. elegans, sma-2 and sma-3 proved to be homologous to Mad of Drosophila. receptor-activated Smad receptor-regulated Smad R-Smad There are five vertebrate R-Smads, Smad1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad5 and Smad8 and they are phosphorylated in response to different types of TGF-beta ligands. Phosphorylated R-Smads can form complexes with Smad4 and positively or negatively regulate transcription. The Mad protein in Drosophila is the ortholog of Smad1/5, whereas dSmad2 is the ortholog of Smad2/3. In C. elegans, sma-2 and sma-3 proved to be homologous to Mad of Drosophila. PMID:16322555 PMID:18061509 PMID:9393997 PMID:9880789 Co-Smad forms hetero-oligomers with R-Smads, which in turn translocate into the nucleus and regulate transcriptional responses. Only Smad4 has been identified as a common-mediator Smad in vertebrates. A Smad4 homologue has been identified in Drosophila (Medea) and C. elegans (Sma-4). Smad4 co-mediator Smad common Smad common-mediator Smad common-partner Smad Co-Smad Co-Smad forms hetero-oligomers with R-Smads, which in turn translocate into the nucleus and regulate transcriptional responses. Only Smad4 has been identified as a common-mediator Smad in vertebrates. A Smad4 homologue has been identified in Drosophila (Medea) and C. elegans (Sma-4). PMID:16322555 PMID:9393997 Smad6 and Smad7 are inhibitory Smads that serve as decoys interfering with Smad-receptor or Smad-Smad interactions. Inhibitory Smads have also been detected in Drosophila (Dad). inhibitory Smad I-Smad Smad6 and Smad7 are inhibitory Smads that serve as decoys interfering with Smad-receptor or Smad-Smad interactions. Inhibitory Smads have also been detected in Drosophila (Dad). PMID:16322555 PMID:9393997 signal tranducers and activators of transcription STAT There are two STAT1 isoforms (STAT1alpha and STAT1beta) produced by alternative splicing of a single mRNA. signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 STAT1 (mol) There are two STAT1 isoforms (STAT1alpha and STAT1beta) produced by alternative splicing of a single mRNA. PMID:1105043 signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 STAT2 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 STAT3 (mol) signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 STAT4 signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a STAT5a signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b STAT5b signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 STAT6 Members of this family include p50, p52, p65, c-Rel, v-Rrel, RelB, and the Drosophila proteins, Dorsal, Dif and Relish. Most of these transcription factors bind as homo- and heterodimers to the consensus a DNA sequence motif termed kappa-B. IPR:000451 NF-kappa-B NFkB Rel/NF-kappaB family nuclear factor-kappa B NF-kappaB Members of this family include p50, p52, p65, c-Rel, v-Rrel, RelB, and the Drosophila proteins, Dorsal, Dif and Relish. Most of these transcription factors bind as homo- and heterodimers to the consensus a DNA sequence motif termed kappa-B. IPR:000451 NCBI-Human-GeneID:4609 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:17869 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:24577 c-Myc Myc (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:4609 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4609 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:17869 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/17869 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:24577 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/24577 interferon regulatory factor family IRF family interferon regulatory factor-1 IRF-1 interferon regulatory factor-2 IRF-2 IRF-3 IRF-4 IRF-5 IRF-6 IRF-7 ICSBP IRF9 ISGF3 gamma p48 IPR:000418 E26 transformation-specific ets ets-related gene ERG E26 transformation-specific1 ETS1 E26 transformation-specific2 ETS2 (mol) EGR family Krox24 NGFI-A TIS8 Zif268 pAT225 EGR1 (mol) Krox20 pAT591 EGR2 EGR3 NGFI-C pAT133 EGR4 c-Myb Myb The NFI family is composed of four members in vertebrates (NFI-A, NFI-B, NFI-C and NFI-X). IPR:000647 CCAAT box-binding transcription factor CTF NFI nuclear factor 1 NF1 (mol) The NFI family is composed of four members in vertebrates (NFI-A, NFI-B, NFI-C and NFI-X). PMID:10831836 IPR:004826 musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma Maf family cytokeratin 17 The AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factor is a dimeric complex that comprises members of the JUN, FOS, ATF (activating transcription factor) and MAF (musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma) protein families. The AP-1 complex can therefore form many different combinations of heterodimers and homodimers, and this combination determines the genes that are regulated by AP-1. AP-1 The AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factor is a dimeric complex that comprises members of the JUN, FOS, ATF (activating transcription factor) and MAF (musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma) protein families. The AP-1 complex can therefore form many different combinations of heterodimers and homodimers, and this combination determines the genes that are regulated by AP-1. PMID:14668816 IPR:000837 FOS family IPR:002112 JUN (mol) BCL-6 belongs to a subset of transcription factors which all have a similar structure composed of an amino-terminal 'POZ' domain and several zinc finger modules at the carboxy-terminus. BCL-6 is highly conserved among vertebrate species. BCL-6 homologues have been identified from human, mouse, frog, and chicken species. BCL-6 BCL-6 belongs to a subset of transcription factors which all have a similar structure composed of an amino-terminal 'POZ' domain and several zinc finger modules at the carboxy-terminus. BCL-6 is highly conserved among vertebrate species. BCL-6 homologues have been identified from human, mouse, frog, and chicken species. PMID:11796228 T-cell factor/lymphoid-enhancer factor TCF/LEF-1 family NFAT proteins are a family of transcription factors (NFATC1~C4) whose activation is controlled by calcineurin, a Ca2+-dependent phosphatase. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells NF-AT NFAT proteins are a family of transcription factors (NFATC1~C4) whose activation is controlled by calcineurin, a Ca2+-dependent phosphatase. PMID:11877454 PMID:11983154 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein C/EBP p300/CBP RGS proteins act as negative regulators of G protein dependent signaling, at least in part, because they stimulate hydrolysis of the GTP bound to activated G alpha subunits. GO:0016299 regulator of G protein signaling RGS RGS proteins act as negative regulators of G protein dependent signaling, at least in part, because they stimulate hydrolysis of the GTP bound to activated G alpha subunits. PMID:9064301 Axin/conductin Axin GO:0005085 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF Vav Drosophila Son of Sevenless (SOS) is homologous to the yeast exchange factor for Ras, CDC25. Mammalian cells contain two closely related homologs of Drosophila SOS: SOS1 and SOS2. Biochemical studies have established that SOS indeed functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras. son of sevenless Sos Drosophila Son of Sevenless (SOS) is homologous to the yeast exchange factor for Ras, CDC25. Mammalian cells contain two closely related homologs of Drosophila SOS: SOS1 and SOS2. Biochemical studies have established that SOS indeed functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras. UniProt:12177507 Crk SH3 domein binding GEF Guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 C3G Dbl cytohesin GO:0008321 Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factor RalGEF RasGRF GO:0005096 GTPase activating protein GAP family GO:0005099 Ras GTPase-activating protein Ras GAP GO:0005092 GDP-dissociation inhibitor guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor GDI GO:0004861 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor CKI Cip/Kip family INK4 family The Bcl-2 family consists of about 20 homologues of important pro- and anti-apoptotic regulators of programmed cell death. B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 family Bcl-2 family The Bcl-2 family consists of about 20 homologues of important pro- and anti-apoptotic regulators of programmed cell death. PMID:14634621 PMID:14996506 BAK BAX (mol) inhibitor of apoptosis-family IAP-family The term 14-3-3 denotes a large family of ~30 kDa acidic proteins that exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells. Their unusual name refers to their elution position on DEAE-cellulose chromatography and gel electrophoresis during a systematic attempt at classifying bovine brain proteins. In humans, there are seven distinct 14-3-3 genes denoted beta, gamma, epsilon, eta, sigma, tau (theta) and zeta (as well as a number of potential pseudogenes), while yeast and plants contain between 2 and 15 genes. IPR:000308 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003237 14-3-3 The term 14-3-3 denotes a large family of ~30 kDa acidic proteins that exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells. Their unusual name refers to their elution position on DEAE-cellulose chromatography and gel electrophoresis during a systematic attempt at classifying bovine brain proteins. In humans, there are seven distinct 14-3-3 genes denoted beta, gamma, epsilon, eta, sigma, tau (theta) and zeta (as well as a number of potential pseudogenes), while yeast and plants contain between 2 and 15 genes. PMID:11911880 cytokeratin 18 cytokeratin 19 CIS Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein SSI STAT induced STAT inhibitor Suppressor of cytokine signaling SOCS TNF receptor associated factor family TRAF family I-kappaB family IkB inhibitor of NF-kappaB I-kappaB cytokeratin 20 cytokeratin 23 cytokeratin 6 cytokeratin 21 NF-H NF-L NF-M alpha-actinin 1 alpha-actinin 2 alpha-actinin 3 alpha-actinin 4 cytoplasmic actin beta-actin cardiac muscle actin alpha-cardiac actin gamma-actin skeletal muscle alpha-actin alpha-actin 1 alpha-actin gamma-actin 2 gamma-enteric actin smooth muscle (enteric type) gamma-actin smooth muscle gamma-actin alpha-actin 3 smooth muscle alpha-actin (aortic type) alpha-actin 2 caveolin arrestin Aquaporin connexin myelin protein GO:0005581 collagen Types I, II and III collagens constitute the classical fibrillar collagens and account for 80-90% of all the collagen in the body. Types V and XI collagens are also classified as fibrillar collagens on the basis of thier homology with types I-III collagens. GO:0005583 fibrillar forming collagen fibrillar collagen Types I, II and III collagens constitute the classical fibrillar collagens and account for 80-90% of all the collagen in the body. Types V and XI collagens are also classified as fibrillar collagens on the basis of thier homology with types I-III collagens. ISBN:0120689111 associate with the surface of fibrils and modify their interactive properties. GO:0005593 FACIT collagen fibril associated collagens with interrupted triple helix fibril-associated collagen associate with the surface of fibrils and modify their interactive properties. ISBN:0120689111 fibronectin elastin GO:0005587 type IV collagen Proteoglycans are a diverse family of molecules characterized by a core protein to which is attached one or more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side-chains. proteoglycan Proteoglycans are a diverse family of molecules characterized by a core protein to which is attached one or more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side-chains. ISBN:0120689111 laminin family kalinin disabled The MyD118/CR6/Gadd45 gene family (also termed Gadd45b, Gadd45g, Gadd45a) encodes for small (18 kd), evolutionary conserved proteins that are highly homologous to each other (55 57% overall identity at the amino acid level), are highly acidic (pI=4.0 4.2), and are primarily localized within the cell nucleus. MyD118/CR6/GADD45 serve similar, but not identical, functions along different apoptotic and growth inhibitory pathways. They interact with cell cycle proteins. growth arrest and DNA damage inducible 45 GADD45 The MyD118/CR6/Gadd45 gene family (also termed Gadd45b, Gadd45g, Gadd45a) encodes for small (18 kd), evolutionary conserved proteins that are highly homologous to each other (55 57% overall identity at the amino acid level), are highly acidic (pI=4.0 4.2), and are primarily localized within the cell nucleus. MyD118/CR6/GADD45 serve similar, but not identical, functions along different apoptotic and growth inhibitory pathways. They interact with cell cycle proteins. PMID:12032777 presenilin Placental-cadherin cadherin-3 P-cadherin Kidney-cadherin cadherin-6 K-cadherin IFN alpha-1 IFN alpha-2 IFN alpha-4 IFN alpha-5 IFN alpha-6 IFN alpha-7 IFN alpha-8 IFN alpha-9 IFN alpha-10 IFN alpha-14 IFN alpha-16 IFN alpha-17 IFN alpha-21 GO:0005136 interleukin-4 IL-4 (mol) GO:0005139 interleukin-7 IL-7 interleukin-8 IL-8 GO:0005140 interleukin-9 IL-9 GO:0005141 interleukin-10 IL-10 (mol) interleukin-12 IL-12 IL-1RI : IL-1R AcP IL-1RII : IL-1R AcP interleukin-13 IL-13 High molecular weight B-cell growth factor interleukin-14 IL-14 interleukin-15 IL-15 LCF interleukin-16 lymphocyte chemoattractant factor IL-16 CTLA-8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 8 interleukin-17 IL-17 GO:0030368 interleukin-17 receptor IL-17 receptor interleukin-18 IL-18 GO:0016517 interleukin-12 receptor IL-12 receptor GO:0004918 interleukin-8 receptor IL-8 receptor interleukin-8 receptor A IL-8RA interleukin-8 receptor B IL-8RB GO:0004920 interleukin-10 receptor IL-10 receptor GO:0004921 IL-11 receptor NRG-1 neuregulin-1 NRG-2 neuregulin-2 NRG-3 neuregulin-3 NRG-4 neuregulin-4 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule 2 ICAM-2 intercellular adhesion molecule 3 ICAM-3 intercellular adhesion molecule 4 ICAM-4 intercellular adhesion molecule 5 ICAM-5 Integrin alpha-1 Integrin alpha-2 Integrin alpha-3 Integrin alpha-4 Integrin alpha-5 Integrin alpha-6 Integrin alpha-7 Integrin alpha-8 Integrin alpha-9 Integrin alpha-10 Integrin alpha-11 Integrin alpha-IIb Integrin alpha-D Integrin alpha-E Integrin alpha-L Integrin alpha-M Integrin alpha-V Integrin alpha-X Integrin beta-1 Integrin beta-2 Integrin beta-3 Integrin beta-4 Integrin beta-5 Integrin beta-6 Integrin beta-7 Integrin beta-8 CD44 (mol) LFA-1 PAK2 PAK3 PAK4 PAK5 PAK6 PAK5 PAK7 A-Raf B-Raf IMR:0000678 type I alpha cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I beta cGMP-dependent protein kinase cGMP-dependent protein kinase I type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase cGMP-dependent protein kinase II Plk1 Plk3 SAPK-1 p54 gamma SAPK JNK1 p54 alpha SAPK JNK2 p54 beta SAPK JNK3 CRK1 CSBP1 CSBP2 MPK2 Mxi2 RK RK/p38 SAPK-2 SAPK2a p38 MAPK p38/HOG1 p40 p38alpha SAPK2b p38-2 p38beta ERK6 SAPK-3 p38gamma SAPK-4 p38delta IMR:0011341 NCBI-Human-GeneID:3265 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:15461 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:293621 H-Ras HRAS Ha-ras Transforming protein p21/H-Ras-1 c-H-ras HRAS (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:3265 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3265 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:15461 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/15461 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:293621 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/293621 IMR:0011343 NCBI-Human-GeneID:4893 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18176 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:24605 N-Ras Transforming protein N-Ras NRAS (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:4893 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4893 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18176 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/18176 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:24605 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/24605 IMR:0011342 K-Ras 2A K-Ras4A KRAS2 Ki-Ras Transforming protein p21A c-K-ras K-Ras2A K-Ras4B K-Ras2B Cdc42 p50:RelA GO:0008384 I-kappaB kinase family IKK family phospholipase C beta 1 PLCbeta1 phospholipase C beta 2 PLCbeta2 phospholipase C beta 3 PLCbeta3 phospholipase C beta 4 PLCbeta4 phospholipase D1 PLD1 phospholipase D2 PLD2 phospholipase C gamma 1 PLC gamma1 phospholipase C gamma 2 PLC gamma2 prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 COX-1 NCBI-Human-GeneID:5743 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:19225 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29527 cyclooxygenase 2 prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 COX-2 (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:5743 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5743 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:19225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/19225 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29527 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/29527 IMR:0010277 GRB10 adaptor protein Growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 Insulin receptor binding protein GRB-IR Grb10 Grb14 IMR:0010596 IMR:0011555 ShcA ShcB ShcC Gads is a member of the family of SH2 and SH3 domain containing adaptor proteins that is expressed specifically in hematopoietic cells and functions in the coordination of tyrosine kinase mediated signal transduction. Gads is a unique member of the Grb2 adaptor family. Grb2-related adaptor downstream of Shc Gads Gads is a member of the family of SH2 and SH3 domain containing adaptor proteins that is expressed specifically in hematopoietic cells and functions in the coordination of tyrosine kinase mediated signal transduction. Gads is a unique member of the Grb2 adaptor family. PMID:11607830 Alternative splicing of the mammal crk gene yields two translation products designated the 28-kDa Crk-I and the 42-kDa Crk-II protein. The Crk-II protein contains an amino-terminal SH2 domain followed by two SH3 domains. The Crk-I protein does not contain the second SH3 domain. The 36-kDa Crk-L protein is similar to CrkII, but is encoded by a separate gene. Crk family Alternative splicing of the mammal crk gene yields two translation products designated the 28-kDa Crk-I and the 42-kDa Crk-II protein. The Crk-II protein contains an amino-terminal SH2 domain followed by two SH3 domains. The Crk-I protein does not contain the second SH3 domain. The 36-kDa Crk-L protein is similar to CrkII, but is encoded by a separate gene. PMID:10393272 RyR ryanodine receptor GADD45 alpha MyD118 GADD45 beta CR6 GADD45 gamma disabled-1 DOC-2 disabled-2 B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) - the two structurally homologous ligands of CD28 - are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and activated B cells, belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and might exist as dimers and monomers, respectively. B7.1 CD80 B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) - the two structurally homologous ligands of CD28 - are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and activated B cells, belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and might exist as dimers and monomers, respectively. PMID:14647476 B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) - the two structurally homologous ligands of CD28 - are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and activated B cells, belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and might exist as dimers and monomers, respectively. B7.2 CD86 B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) - the two structurally homologous ligands of CD28 - are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and activated B cells, belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and might exist as dimers and monomers, respectively. PMID:14647476 c-FOS FOSB FRA-1 FRA-2 AP-1 c-JUN JUNB (mol) JUND (mol) c-Maf MafF MafG MafK MafB activating transcription factor ATF activating transcription factor 1 ATF-1 (mol) activating transcription factor 2 ATF-2 (mol) activating transcription factor 5 ATF-5 (mol) activating transcription factor 6 alpha ATF-6 alpha activating transcription factor 6 beta ATF-6 beta ATF-a activating transcription factor 7 ATF-7 (mol) CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha C/EBP alpha CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta C/EBP beta CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta C/EBP delta CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gamma C/EBP gamma CCAAT/enhancer binding protein epsilon C/EBP epsilon NF-ATc1 NF-ATc2 NF-ATc3 NF-ATc4 IMR:0010101 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha KCIP-1 Protein 1054 Protein kinase C inhibitor protein-1 14-3-3 beta 14-3-3 gamma 14-3-3 epsilon 14-3-3 eta 14-3-3 sigma 14-3-3 tau/theta 14-3-3 zeta A-Myb B-Myb Myb family IMR:0010365 CCAAT-box binding transcription factor CTF NF-I/A NF1-A NFI-A Nuclear factor 1 A-type Nuclear factor 1/A TGGCA-binding protein NF1-A IMR:0010366 CCAAT-box binding transcription factor CTF NF-I/B NF1-B NFI-B Nuclear factor 1 B-type Nuclear factor 1/B TGGCA-binding protein NF1-B IMR:0010367 CCAAT-box binding transcription factor CTF NF-I/C NF1-C NFI-C Nuclear factor 1 C-type Nuclear factor 1/C TGGCA-binding protein NF1-C IMR:0010368 CCAAT-box binding transcription factor CTF NF-I/X NF1-X NFI-X Nuclear factor 1 X-type Nuclear factor 1/X TGGCA-binding protein NF1-X NF-kappaB2 NFKB2 p100 p52 CHEBI:24020 fat-soluble vitamin TFIIA TFIID TFIIE TFIIF TFIIH pol II general transcription factor transcription factor for RNA polymerase II TFII IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 IRAK-1 IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-2 IRAK-2 IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 IRAK-4 Toll-interacting protein Tollip 40S ribosomal protein 60S ribosomal protein heterotrimer of alpha, beta, gamma subunits. binds the initiator Met-tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit. GTP binding to eIF2 is necessary for formation of a stable eIF2:GTP:Met-tRNA ternary complex (TC). Following TC binding to the ribosome triggers GTP hydrolysis by eIF2. eukaryotic initiation factor 2 eIF2 heterotrimer of alpha, beta, gamma subunits. binds the initiator Met-tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit. GTP binding to eIF2 is necessary for formation of a stable eIF2:GTP:Met-tRNA ternary complex (TC). Following TC binding to the ribosome triggers GTP hydrolysis by eIF2. PMID:12581660 PMID:14635255 heteropentamer of alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon subunits. guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of eIF2B is necessary to recycle eIF2:GTP to eIF2:GTP. eukaryotic initiation factor 2B eIF2B heteropentamer of alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon subunits. guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of eIF2B is necessary to recycle eIF2:GTP to eIF2:GTP. PMID:12581660 PMID:14635255 consists of a core of five non-identical subunits (eIF3a, eIF3b, eIF3c, eIF3i and eIF3g in yeast) and up to six additional subunits in mammals (eIF3d, eIF3e, eIF3f, eIF3h, eIFj and eIF3k). binding to and stabilization of ternary complex, binding to the 40S ribosome, facilitating the binding of mRNA to the 40S ribosome, and promoting dissociation of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits eukaryotic initiation factor 3 eIF3 consists of a core of five non-identical subunits (eIF3a, eIF3b, eIF3c, eIF3i and eIF3g in yeast) and up to six additional subunits in mammals (eIF3d, eIF3e, eIF3f, eIF3h, eIFj and eIF3k). binding to and stabilization of ternary complex, binding to the 40S ribosome, facilitating the binding of mRNA to the 40S ribosome, and promoting dissociation of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits PMID:11426420 PMID:14635255 eIF4A is a DEADbox helicase that can unwind RNA secondary structure in the cap-proximal region of the mRNA. eukaryotic initiation factor 4A eIF4A eIF4A is a DEADbox helicase that can unwind RNA secondary structure in the cap-proximal region of the mRNA. PMID:14635255 eIF1 (mol) eIF4F is a heterotrimeric complex that binds to the cap structure at the 50 end of the mRNA. It is composed of eIF4G and the cap-binding protein eIF4E and the ATPdependent RNA helicase eIF4A. eIF4F eIF4F is a heterotrimeric complex that binds to the cap structure at the 50 end of the mRNA. It is composed of eIF4G and the cap-binding protein eIF4E and the ATPdependent RNA helicase eIF4A. PMID:14635255 Mammalian cells contain two isoforms of eIF4G (I&II). eIF4G is a subunit of the heterotrimeric eIF4F complex that binds to the cap structure at the 50 end of the mRNA. eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G eIF4G Mammalian cells contain two isoforms of eIF4G (I&II). eIF4G is a subunit of the heterotrimeric eIF4F complex that binds to the cap structure at the 50 end of the mRNA. PMID:14635255 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3 eIF-4-gamma 3 eIF-4-gamma II eIF-4G 3 eIF4G 3 eIF4GII eIF4F subunit eIF2 subunit eIF2B subunit eIF3 subunit LDL receptor-related protein 3 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 3 LRP3 LDL receptor-related protein 4 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 LRP4 LDL receptor-related protein 5 LRP7 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 LRP5 chemical hormone LDL receptor-related protein 6 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 LRP6 LDL receptor-related protein 8 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 LRP8 (mol) GO:0005041 LDLR family low density lipoprotein receptor family low-density lipoprotein receptor family LDL receptor family LDL receptor-related protein 1B LRP1B LDL receptor-related protein 10 LRP10 LDL receptor-related protein 11 LRP11 LDL receptor-related protein 12 LRP12 low density lipoprotein receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor LDL receptor cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D High-affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B CGB-PDE cGMP-binding cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase High-affinity cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 9A GMP-PDE gamma Retinal cone rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase gamma-subunit Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase alpha-subunit GMP-PDE beta Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase beta-subunit Cone cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase alpha'-subunit GMP-PDE delta Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase delta-subunit GMP-PDE gamma Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase gamma-subunit group III secretory phospholipase A2 group V phospholipase A2 group VI phospholipase A2 group IIA phospholipase A2 group IID secretory phospholipase A2 group IIE secretory phospholipase A2 group IIF secretory phospholipase A2 group X secretory phospholipase A2 group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein group IVA phospholipase A2 group IVC phospholipase A2 group IIC secretory phospholipase A2 EC:3.1.2.- thiolester hydrolases EC:3.1.2.15 ubiquitin carboxy-terminal esterase ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase ubiquitin thiolesterase KPNA1 NPI-1 importin alpha S1 importin alpha5 karyopherin alpha1 importin alpha1 KPNA2 importin alpha P1 importin alpha1 karyopherin alpha2 importin alpha2 KPNA3 importin alpha Q2 importin alpha4 karyopherin alpha3 importin alpha3 KPNA4 Qip1 importin alpha Q1 importin alpha3 karyopherin alpha4 importin alpha4 KPNA5 karyopherin alpha5 importin alpha6 KPNA6 importin alpha S2 karyopherin alpha6 importin alpha7 exportin 1 CRM1 Members of importin beta family (importins/exportins, karyopherins) have been classified as importins or exportins on the basis of the direction they carry their cargo. Kap inportin beta family inportin beta-like family inportin beta-like protein inportin beta-like receptor karyopherin karyopherin beta family importin/exportin Members of importin beta family (importins/exportins, karyopherins) have been classified as importins or exportins on the basis of the direction they carry their cargo. PMID:11423015 PMID:11729264 PMID:12600309 PMID:15450977 FLI1 ETV5 ERM Elk-1 Elk-4 Sap-1 importin beta2 karyopherin beta2 transportin 1 transportin SR exportin 4 RanBP16 exportin 7 exportin-t RanBP5 karyopherin beta3 importin 5 RanBP7 importin 7 importin 11 Elk-3 Sap-2 Net importin 13 PU.1 IQGAP1 karyopherin beta2b transportin 2 RanBP17 RanBP6 RanBP8 importin 8 importin 4 importin 9 exportin 5 IQGAP2 RASAL1 RASA4 GO:0005598 short chain collagen GO:0005599 type X collagen GO:0005591 type VIII collagen basement membrane collagen HSPG heparan sulfate proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan chondroitin/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan chondroitin/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan keratan sulfate proteoglycan lumican neurocan basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan PG-M versican aggrecan agrin brevican decorin keratocan GPI-anchored membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan glypican (mol) glypican-1 HSPG-M13 cerebroglycan K-glypican biglycan NG2 PKC alpha PKC beta PKC gamma PKC delta PKC epsilon PKC-L PKC eta PKC zeta PKC lambda/iota Apo-2 ligand Apo2L TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand TNFSF10 TRAIL DR4 TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 TRAIL receptor-1 TRAIL-R1 death receptor 4 TRAIL-R1 DR5 KILLER TRAIL receptor-2 TRAIL-R2 TRICK2 death receptor 5 TRAIL-R2 Apaf-1 Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. MeSH:D003574 MeSH:D045304 Cyt c cytochrome c Bmf DLC8b dynein light chain 2 DLC2 Noxa bbc3 Puma DLC8a PIN dynein light chain 1 protein inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase DLC1 Axin Axin1 Axil Axin-like protein conductin Axin2 CHEBI:23447 cyclic nucleotide IMR:0200191 GDP Gli1 Gli2 Gli3 Ci/Gli phosphoinositol inositol phosphate CREB-binding protein CBP p300 Gab proteins contain a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and binding sites for SH2 and SH3 domains. Gab family include mammalian Gab1, Gab2, Gab3, Drosophila Dos, and C. elegans Soc1. Grb2-associated binder Gab Gab proteins contain a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and binding sites for SH2 and SH3 domains. Gab family include mammalian Gab1, Gab2, Gab3, Drosophila Dos, and C. elegans Soc1. PMID:14662016 Grb2-associated binder 1 Gab1 (mol) Grb2-associated binder 2 Gab2 Grb2-associated binder 3 Gab3 ISGF3 is a heterotrimer of STAT1, STAT2 and p48/ISGF3gamma/IRF9. IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 ISGF3 ISGF3 is a heterotrimer of STAT1, STAT2 and p48/ISGF3gamma/IRF9. PMID:11050435 PMID:12040185 STAT1 dimers form the IFNgamma-activated factor (GAF). IFNgamma-activated factor gamma-activated factor GAF STAT1 dimers form the IFNgamma-activated factor (GAF). PMID:11050435 PMID:12040185 BMP2 Bone morphogenetic protein 2 BMP-2 BMP3 Bone morphogenetic protein 3 BMP-3 BMP3b Bone morphogenetic protein 3b GDF-10 GDF10 BMP-3b BMP4 Bone morphogenetic protein 4 BMP-4 BMP5 Bone morphogenetic protein 5 BMP-5 BMP6 Bone morphogenetic protein 6 Vgr-1 BMP-6 BMP7 Bone morphogenetic protein 7 OP-1 BMP-7 BMP8a Bone morphogenetic protein 8a OP-2 BMP-8a BMP8b Bone morphogenetic protein 8b OP-3 BMP-8b BMP10 Bone morphogenetic protein 10 BMP-10 BMP15 Bone morphogenetic protein 15 GDF-9b GDF9b Growth/differentiation factor 9B BMP-15 BMP-11 BMP11 Bone morphogenetic protein 11 GDF11 Growth/differentiation factor 11 GDF-11 BMP-9 BMP9 Bone morphogenetic protein 9 Growth/differentiation factor-2 GDF-2 NCBI-Human-GeneID:7099 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:21898 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29260 Toll-like receptor 4 TLR4 (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:7099 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7099 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:21898 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/21898 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29260 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/29260 Toll-like receptor 1 TLR1 Toll-like receptor 2 TLR2 Toll-like receptor 5 TLR5 Toll-like receptor 3 TLR3 Toll-like receptor 6 TLR6 Toll-like receptor 7 TLR7 Toll-like receptor 8 TLR8 NCBI-Human-GeneID:54106 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:81897 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:338457 Toll-like receptor 9 TLR9 (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:54106 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/54106 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:81897 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/81897 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:338457 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/338457 DOCK1 DOCK180 Superfamily members of DOCK180 possess the DHR-2 domain and bind to and exchange GDP for GTP on either Rac or Cdc42. DOCK Superfamily members of DOCK180 possess the DHR-2 domain and bind to and exchange GDP for GTP on either Rac or Cdc42. PMID:12432077 DOCK2 DOCK3 DOCK4 DOCK5 DOCK6 DOCK7 DOCK8 DOCK9 DOCK10 Rac1 Rac2 Rac3 Rap1 Rap1A Rap1B Rap2 Rap2A Rap2B Rap2C RalA RalB R-Ras1 R-Ras2 R-Ras3 M-Ras Rab1A Rab1B Rab2A Rab2B Rab3A Rab3B Rab3C Rab3D Rab4A Rab4B Rab5A Rab5B Rab5C Rab6A Rab6B Rab6C Rab7 Rab7L Rab8A Rab8B Rab9A Rab9B Rab10 Rab11A Rab11B Rab12 Rab13 (mol) Rab14 Rab15 Rab17 Rab18 Rab19 Rab20 Rab21 Rab22A Rab23 Rab24 Rab25 Rab26 Rab27A Rab27B Rab28 Rab30 Rab31 Rab32 Rab33A Rab33B (mol) Rab34 Rab35 Rab36 Rab37 Rab38 Rab39A Rab39B Rab40A Rab40B Rab40C RABL2A RABL2B Cav-1 caveolin-1 Cav-2 caveolin-2 Cav-3 caveolin-3 CHEBI:27305 vitamin RGS1 RGS2 RGS3 RGS4 RGS5 RGS6 RGS7 RGS8 RGS9 RGS10 RGS11 RGS12 RGS13 RGS14 RGS16 RGS17 RGS18 RGS19 RGS20 MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK3 can be activated by p38 and activated MAPKAPK2/3 can phosphorylate small heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2/3 MAPK-activated protein kinase 2/3 MAPKAPK2/3 MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK3 can be activated by p38 and activated MAPKAPK2/3 can phosphorylate small heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). PMID:9628874 MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase 1 MAP kinase-interacting kinase 1 MNK1 MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase 2 MAP kinase-interacting kinase 2 MNK2 HSP27 A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) CHEBI:32952 MeSH:D000588 amine A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) MeSH:D000588 CHEBI:33567 catecholamine Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed) glycoside Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed) MeSH:D006027 Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a unique and essential component of the cell wall of virtually all bacteria, is not present in eukaryotes, and is an excellent target for the innate immune system. MeSH:D010457 PGN murein peptidoglycan Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a unique and essential component of the cell wall of virtually all bacteria, is not present in eukaryotes, and is an excellent target for the innate immune system. PMID:16263004 Involved in cell adhesion. May be involved in the attachment of the actin-based microfilaments to the plasma membrane. vinculin Involved in cell adhesion. May be involved in the attachment of the actin-based microfilaments to the plasma membrane. UniProt:P18206 component of fungal cell walls. MeSH:C033363 (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucan (1,3)-beta-D-glucan (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (1->3)-beta-D-glucan beta-1,3-D-glucan beta-1,3-glucan component of fungal cell walls. MeSH:C033363 ribosomal S6 protein kinase S6K 70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase p70S6K 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase1 p90RSK1 RSK1 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase2 p90RSK2 RSK2 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase3 p90RSK3 RSK3 a disintegrin and metalloproteinase ADAM family ADAM17 TNF-alpha converting enzyme a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 TACE a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 ADAM10 mastermind family MAM family MAML1 RhoA GO:0005089 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor RhoGEF Epac1 (cAMP-GEFI) and Epac2 (cAMP-GEFII) are closely related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small GTPase Rap1 and Rap2, which are directly regulated by cAMP. exchange protein directly activated by cAMP Epac Epac1 (cAMP-GEFI) and Epac2 (cAMP-GEFII) are closely related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small GTPase Rap1 and Rap2, which are directly regulated by cAMP. PMID:9856955 Epac cAMP-GEFI Epac1 cAMP-GEFII Epac2 GO:0017034 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor RapGEF NDK5 NDK6 NDK7 fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 FGFR1 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 FGFR4 Sos1 Sos2 Antibody molecule (immunoglobulin) consists of four polypeptides chains, two identical light (L) chains and two identical heavy (H) chains. In mammals, there are five classes of antibodies, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. GO:0003823 Ig antibody immunoglobulin Antibody molecule (immunoglobulin) consists of four polypeptides chains, two identical light (L) chains and two identical heavy (H) chains. In mammals, there are five classes of antibodies, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. ISBN:0815340729 immunoglobulin A IgA immunoglobulin E IgE immunoglobulin G IgG CHEBI:27584 11beta,21-Dihydroxy-3,20-dioxo-4-pregnen-18-al Aldosterone aldosterone A group of naturally occurring amines derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of the natural amino acids. Many have powerful physiological effects (e.g., histamine, serotonin, epinephrine, tyramine). Those derived from aromatic amino acids, and also their synthetic analogs (e.g., amphetamine), are of use in pharmacology. CHEBI:22879 MeSH:D001679 biogenic amine A group of naturally occurring amines derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of the natural amino acids. Many have powerful physiological effects (e.g., histamine, serotonin, epinephrine, tyramine). Those derived from aromatic amino acids, and also their synthetic analogs (e.g., amphetamine), are of use in pharmacology. MeSH:D001679 methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin beta-LPH beta lipotropin gamma-LPH gamma lipotropin T-cell receptor gamma TCR gamma T-cell receptor delta TCR delta UBE2N Uev1A The MHC class Ib family members include HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G and HFE (HLA-H) in humans and gene products from the H2-M, H2-Q and H2-T regions in mice. MHC class Ib molecule nonclassical MHC class I molecule The MHC class Ib family members include HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G and HFE (HLA-H) in humans and gene products from the H2-M, H2-Q and H2-T regions in mice. PMID:10607669 PMID:16860610 MHC class II-like proteins are produced from the class II region of the MHC, HLA-DM (DM) and HLA-DO (DO) (called H2-M, or H2-DM and H2-O in the mouse). nonclassical MHC class II molecule MHC class II-like proteins are produced from the class II region of the MHC, HLA-DM (DM) and HLA-DO (DO) (called H2-M, or H2-DM and H2-O in the mouse). PMID:10837054 Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinases (IP3-3K) are the enzymes responsible for the ATP-dependent conversion of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Three mammalian isoforms of this enzyme have so far been isolated and designated the A, B and C isoforms. GO:0008440 IP(3) 3-kinase IP(3)K IP3 3-kinase IP3-3K IP3K Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinases (IP3-3K) are the enzymes responsible for the ATP-dependent conversion of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Three mammalian isoforms of this enzyme have so far been isolated and designated the A, B and C isoforms. PMID:15093605 PMID:15740635 IP3K-A inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase A IP3K-B inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B IP3K-C inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase C CARMEN CIPER CLAP c-E10 mE10 BCL10 IGFBPs are a family of secreted proteins that bind IGF with high affinities that are equal to or greater than those of the IGF-IR. Six distinct IGFBPs, designated as IGFBP-1 to -6, have been isolated and characterized from human and a variety of vertebrate species. IGF-binding protein insulin-like growth factor-binding protein IGFBP IGFBPs are a family of secreted proteins that bind IGF with high affinities that are equal to or greater than those of the IGF-IR. Six distinct IGFBPs, designated as IGFBP-1 to -6, have been isolated and characterized from human and a variety of vertebrate species. PMID:12466191 PMID:15862547 PMID:15935690 IGFBP-2 IGFBP-3 IGFBP-4 IGFBP-5 IGFBP-6 GO:0045519 interleukin-23 IL-23 GO:0042020 interleukin-23 receptor IL-23 receptor GO:0045523 interleukin-27 IL-27 TOR TSC2 AMPK beta subunit AMPK gamma subunit S6K1 S6K2 FOXO proteins are conserved from worm to human. To date, only one FOXO species has been identified in invertebrates (called dauer formation-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans and dFOXO in Drosophila). In mammals, four subfamily members have been identified: FOXO1 (previously known as FKHR), FOXO3 (previously known as FKHRL1), FOXO4 (previously known as AFX) and FOXO6. FOXO family FOXO proteins are conserved from worm to human. To date, only one FOXO species has been identified in invertebrates (called dauer formation-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans and dFOXO in Drosophila). In mammals, four subfamily members have been identified: FOXO1 (previously known as FKHR), FOXO3 (previously known as FKHRL1), FOXO4 (previously known as AFX) and FOXO6. PMID:18391973 FOXO1 (mol) FOXO3 FOXO4 FOXO6 Insulin superfamily genes are ubiquitous in vertebrates, and have been identified in invertebrates, including insects, molluscs, and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Seven members of the insulin superfamily have been identified in humans, including insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) I and II, relaxins HI and HII, early placenta insulin-like peptide (EPIL), and relaxin-like factor. insulin family Insulin superfamily genes are ubiquitous in vertebrates, and have been identified in invertebrates, including insects, molluscs, and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Seven members of the insulin superfamily have been identified in humans, including insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) I and II, relaxins HI and HII, early placenta insulin-like peptide (EPIL), and relaxin-like factor. PMID:11274053 B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) - the two structurally homologous ligands of CD28 - are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and activated B cells, belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and might exist as dimers and monomers, respectively. B7.1/B7.2 CD80/CD86 B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) - the two structurally homologous ligands of CD28 - are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and activated B cells, belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and might exist as dimers and monomers, respectively. PMID:14647476 Arrow/Lrp5/Lrp6 is a subfamily of the LDL receptor (LDLR) family. Arrow, and also its counterparts LRP5 and LRP6 in mammals and in frogs, appears to function as a coreceptor for Wnt together with the seven-transmembrane receptor Frizzled (frz) in forming the Wnt receptor signaling complex. Arrow/LRP5/LRP6 Arrow/Lrp5/Lrp6 is a subfamily of the LDL receptor (LDLR) family. Arrow, and also its counterparts LRP5 and LRP6 in mammals and in frogs, appears to function as a coreceptor for Wnt together with the seven-transmembrane receptor Frizzled (frz) in forming the Wnt receptor signaling complex. PMID:12045102 PMID:15084453 Lrp5 and Lrp6 are highly homologous, and are widely co-expressed during embryogenesis and in adult tissues. An orthologue in Drosophila melanogaster is known as arrow, a gene that functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. LRP5/LRP6 Lrp5 and Lrp6 are highly homologous, and are widely co-expressed during embryogenesis and in adult tissues. An orthologue in Drosophila melanogaster is known as arrow, a gene that functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. PMID:12045102 PMID:15084453 GRK2 beta-arrestin 1 beta-arrestin 2 Dlp/Dally ETV6 TEL TEL1 Kif3A alpha PIX The BMP-1/TLD metalloproteinases, conserved in species ranging from Drosophila to humans, act in dorsal-ventral patterning via activation of BMP2, BMP4 (vertebrates) and Dpp (arthropods). There are four mammalian BMP-1/TLD-like proteinases, including BMP-1/mTLD, which is encoded by alternatively spliced mRNA produced by the Bmp1 gene, and TLL1 and TLL2, which are genetically distinct. bone morphogenetic protein-1/tolloid family BMP-1/TLD family The BMP-1/TLD metalloproteinases, conserved in species ranging from Drosophila to humans, act in dorsal-ventral patterning via activation of BMP2, BMP4 (vertebrates) and Dpp (arthropods). There are four mammalian BMP-1/TLD-like proteinases, including BMP-1/mTLD, which is encoded by alternatively spliced mRNA produced by the Bmp1 gene, and TLL1 and TLL2, which are genetically distinct. PMID:17560775 PMID:19429706 CDMP-1 Growth/differentiation factor-5 cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1 GDF-5 BMP-13 Bone morphogenetic protein-13 CDMP-2 Growth/differentiation factor 6 cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2 GDF-6 BMP-12 Bone morphogenetic protein-12 Growth/differentiation factor 7 GDF-7 Growth/differentiation factor-8 myostatin GDF-8 Growth/differentiation factor-9 GDF-9 Growth/differentiation factor-3 Vgr-2 GDF-3 BMP-related proteins can be subdivided into several groups based on their structures and functions. BMP-2, BMP-4, and the Drosophila Dpp form one subgroup. BMP-2/4 group BMP-2 subfamily BMP-related proteins can be subdivided into several groups based on their structures and functions. BMP-2, BMP-4, and the Drosophila Dpp form one subgroup. PMID:15871923 PMID:9720756 PMID:9759503 BMP-related proteins can be subdivided into several groups based on their structures and functions. BMP-5, BMP-6, BMP-7 (OP-1), BMP-8 (OP-2), and the Drosophila Gbb form one subgroup. OP-1 group BMP-5 subfamily BMP-related proteins can be subdivided into several groups based on their structures and functions. BMP-5, BMP-6, BMP-7 (OP-1), BMP-8 (OP-2), and the Drosophila Gbb form one subgroup. PMID:15871923 PMID:9720756 PMID:9759503 BMP-related proteins can be subdivided into several groups based on their structures and functions. GDF-5 (CDMP- 1), GDF-6 (CDMP-2 or BMP-13), and GDF-7 (BMP-12) form one sugroup. GDF-5 subfamily BMP-related proteins can be subdivided into several groups based on their structures and functions. GDF-5 (CDMP- 1), GDF-6 (CDMP-2 or BMP-13), and GDF-7 (BMP-12) form one sugroup. PMID:15871923 PMID:9720756 PMID:9759503 Nucleoside diphoshate kinases (NDKs), an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins, synthesize nucleoside triphosphates from nucleoside diphosphates and ATP. To date, eight human NDK homologues have been identified. EC:2.7.4.6 GO:0004550 NDK NDP kinase NME Nm23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase Nucleoside diphoshate kinases (NDKs), an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins, synthesize nucleoside triphosphates from nucleoside diphosphates and ATP. To date, eight human NDK homologues have been identified. PMID:11768308 PMID:16313181 negative elongation factor NELF Translation initiation in eukaryotes is an intricate process requiring at least 11 eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). eukaryotic initiation factor eIF Translation initiation in eukaryotes is an intricate process requiring at least 11 eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). PMID:11426420 PMID:12581660 PMID:14635255 SIII Elongin Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A role played by the entity which catalyses the reaction: acetyl-CoA + n malonyl-CoA + 2n NADPH + 2n H+ = long-chain fatty acid + n+1 CoA + n CO2 + 2n NADP+. EC:2.3.1.85 related molecular function GO:0004312 fatty acid synthase EC:1.11.1.9 Cellular glutathione peroxidase GSHC GSHPx-1 Glutathione peroxidase 1 glutathione peroxidase monomer Glutathione peroxidase GTR1 Glucose transporter type 1, erythrocyte/brain HepG2 glucose transporter Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter, member 1 GLUT1 GTR2 Glucose transporter type 2, liver Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter, member 2 GLUT2 GTR4 Glucose transporter type 4, insulin-responsive Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter, member 4 GLUT4 Solute carrier family 25, member 15 Mitochondrial ornithine transporter 1 57 kDa RNA-binding protein PPTB-1 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I PTB hnRNP I Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 CSA-19 60S ribosomal protein L10a 23 kDa highly basic protein 60S ribosomal protein L13a Q9UNX3 60S ribosomal protein L26-like 1 40S small ribosomal protein 27A 40S ribosomal protein S27a P18077 60S ribosomal protein L35a 60S ribosomal protein L37a Negative elongation factor E RD protein NELF-E Laminin receptor homolog QM protein Tumor suppressor QM 60S ribosomal protein L10 60S ribosomal protein L11 P30050 60S ribosomal protein L12 Breast basic conserved protein 1 60S ribosomal protein L13 CAG-ISL 7 60S ribosomal protein L14 P39030 60S ribosomal protein L15 L23 60S ribosomal protein L17 Q07020 60S ribosomal protein L18 60S ribosomal protein L19 Q02543 60S ribosomal protein L18a P46778 60S ribosomal protein L21 EAP EBER associated protein Epstein-Barr virus small RNA associated protein Heparin binding protein HBp15 60S ribosomal protein L22 L17 60S ribosomal protein L23 L30 60S ribosomal protein L24 60S ribosomal protein L26 60S ribosomal protein L27 P46779 60S ribosomal protein L28 Cell surface heparin binding protein HIP 60S ribosomal protein L29 P46776 60S ribosomal protein L27a P29316 60S ribosomal protein L23a 60S ribosomal protein L30 60S ribosomal protein L31 60S ribosomal protein L32 P49207 60S ribosomal protein L34 P42766 60S ribosomal protein L35 Q9Y3U8 60S ribosomal protein L36 G1.16 60S ribosomal protein L37 60S ribosomal protein L38 60S ribosomal protein L39 Q92901 60S ribosomal protein L3-like HIV-1 TAR RNA binding protein B TARBP-B 60S ribosomal protein L3 CEP52 60S ribosomal protein L40 HG12 60S ribosomal protein L41 60S ribosomal protein L44 60S ribosomal protein L36a L1 60S ribosomal protein L4 P46777 60S ribosomal protein L5 Neoplasm-related protein C140 TAX-responsive enhancer element binding protein 107 TAXREB107 60S ribosomal protein L6 PLA-X polypeptide Surfeit locus protein 3 60S ribosomal protein L7a P18124 60S ribosomal protein L7 60S ribosomal protein L8 60S ribosomal protein L9 P32969 60S ribosomal protein L9 L10E 60S acidic ribosomal protein P0 P05386 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1 P05387 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2 ROA0 hnRNP A0 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 Helix-destabilizing protein ROA1 Single-strand binding protein hnRNP A1 hnRNP core protein A1 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 ROA2 hnRNP A2 hnRNP A2 / hnRNP B1 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 D10S102 ROA3 hnRNP A3 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 ROC hnRNP C1 / hnRNP C2 hnRNP C1/C2 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins C1/C2 AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 ROD hnRNP D0 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 ROF hnRNP F Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F Glycoprotein p43 RNA binding motif protein, X chromosome ROG hnRNP G Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G ROH1 hnRNP H Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H FTP-3 ROH2 hnRNP H' Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H' CSBP DC-stretch binding protein ROK TUNP Transformation upregulated nuclear protein hnRNP K Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K ROL hnRNP L Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L ROM hnRNP M Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M ROR hnRNP R Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R ROU SAF-A Scaffold attachment factor A hnRNP U Heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U 40S small ribosomal protein 10 40S ribosomal protein S10 40S small ribosomal protein 11 40S ribosomal protein S11 40S small ribosomal protein 12 40S ribosomal protein S12 40S small ribosomal protein 13 40S ribosomal protein S13 40S small ribosomal protein 14 40S ribosomal protein S14 40S small ribosomal protein 15 RIG protein 40S ribosomal protein S15 40S small ribosomal protein 16 40S ribosomal protein S16 40S small ribosomal protein 17 40S ribosomal protein S17 40S small ribosomal protein 18 KE-3 KE3 40S ribosomal protein S18 40S small ribosomal protein 19 40S ribosomal protein S19 40S small ribosomal protein 1A 40S ribosomal protein S15a 40S small ribosomal protein 20 40S ribosomal protein S20 40S small ribosomal protein 21 40S ribosomal protein S21 40S small ribosomal protein 23 40S ribosomal protein S23 40S small ribosomal protein 24 S19 40S ribosomal protein S24 40S small ribosomal protein 25 40S ribosomal protein S25 40S small ribosomal protein 26 40S ribosomal protein S26 40S small ribosomal protein 27 MPS-1 Metallopan-stimulin 1 40S ribosomal protein S27 40S small ribosomal protein 28 40S ribosomal protein S28 40S small ribosomal protein 29 40S ribosomal protein S29 40S small ribosomal protein 2 LLREP3 protein S4 40S ribosomal protein S2 40S small ribosomal protein 30 40S ribosomal protein S30 40S small ribosomal protein 3A 40S ribosomal protein S3a 40S small ribosomal protein 3 40S ribosomal protein S3 40S small ribosomal protein 4Y 40S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 40S small ribosomal protein 4 SCR10 Single copy abundant mRNA protein 40S ribosomal protein S4, X isoform 40S small ribosomal protein 5 40S ribosomal protein S5 40S small ribosomal protein 7 40S ribosomal protein S7 40S small ribosomal protein 8 40S ribosomal protein S8 40S small ribosomal protein 9 40S ribosomal protein S9 40S small ribosomal protein P4 laminin receptor 40S ribosomal protein SA Transcription elongation factor A protein 1 Transcription elongation factor A protein 1 (Transcription elongation factor S-II protein 1) (Transcription elongation factor TFIIS.o) Transcription elongation factor S-II protein 1 Transcription elongation factor TFIIS.o TFIIS protein General transcription factor TFIIB RNA polymerase II alpha initiation factor S300-II Transcription factor E Transcription initiation factor IIB TFIIB IMR:0011979 EIF- 2alpha EIF-2A Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha subunit Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 eIF-2-alpha translation initiation factor 2 alpha subunit translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 eIF2-alpha Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2 eIF-2-beta eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 beta subunit eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 eIF2-beta Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 eIF-2-gamma eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 gamma subunit eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 3 eIF2-gamma Translation initiation factor eIF-2B alpha subunit eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor, alpha subunit translation initiation factor 2B alpha subunit eIF2B-alpha S20I15 S20III15 Translation initiation factor eIF-2B beta subunit eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor, beta subunit translation initiation factor 2B beta subunit eIF2B-beta Translation initiation factor eIF-2B delta subunit eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor, delta subunit translation initiation factor 2B delta subunit eIF2B-delta Translation initiation factor eIF-2B epsilon subunit eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor, epsilon subunit translation initiation factor 2B epsilon subunit eIF2B-epsilon Translation initiation factor eIF-2B gamma subunit eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor eIF-2B GDP-GTP exchange factor, gamma subunit translation initiation factor 2B gamma subunit eIF2B-gamma This subunit is not part of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae core eIF3 complex. Possible eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 30 kDa subunit eIF-3 30 kDa eIF-3 alpha eIF3 p35 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 eIF3j This subunit is not part of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae core eIF3 complex. PMID:11426420 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 39 kDa subunit Suppressor of uncontrolled mitosis 1 TGF-beta receptor interacting protein 1 TRIP-1 Translation initiation factor eIF3, p39 subunit eIF-3 beta eIF3 p36 eIF3 p39 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 2 eIF3i Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 RNA-binding subunit Translation initiation factor eIF3, p33 subunit eIF-3 RNA-binding subunit eIF-3 delta eIF3 p33 eIF3 p42 eIF3 p44 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 4 eIF3g eIF-3 epsilon eIF3 p47 eIF3 p47 subunit eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 eIF3f Cell cycle regulation and translation initiation protein Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 90 kDa subunit eIF-3 eta eIF3 p110 eIF3 p116 eIF3 p90 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 9 eIF3b eIF-3 gamma eIF3 p40 eIF3 p40 subunit eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 3 eIF3h Translation initiation factor eIF3, p110 subunit eIF-3 theta eIF3 p110 eIF3 p167 eIF3 p180 eIF3 p185 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 10 eIF3a eIF-3 zeta eIF3 p66 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 7 eIF3d Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 93 kDa subunit Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 8 Nuclear transport protein NIP1 eIF3 p110 eIF3 p93 eIF3c Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 6 Mammary tumor-associated protein INT-6 Viral integration site protein INT-6 eIF-3 p48 eIF3e ARG134 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 11 HSPC029 Muscle specific gene M9 protein PTD001 eIF-3 p25 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 11 eIF3k Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, Y-chromosomal eIF-1A eIF-1A X isoform eIF-1A Y isoform eIF-4C eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A eIF1A eIF-4A-I eIF4AI eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I eIF4A-I IMR:0011606 eIF-4A-II eIF4AII eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-II eIF4A-II IMR:0011556 IF4E eIF-4E eIF-4F 25 kDa subunit eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E mRNA cap-binding protein eIF4E P220 eIF-4-gamma 1 eIF-4G eIF-4G1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 eIF4GI eIF-4B eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B eIF4B Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosome region 1 protein eIF-4H eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H eIF4H Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 eIF-5 eIF5 EloA Elongin 110 kDa subunit Elongin A MSTP059 RNA polymerase II transcription factor SIII subunit A1 SIII p110 Transcription elongation factor B polypeptide 3 Elongin A1 protein EloC Elongin 15 kDa subunit Elongin C RNA polymerase II transcription factor SIII subunit C SIII p15 Transcription elongation factor B polypeptide 1 Elongin B protein EloB Elongin 18 kDa subunit Elongin B RNA polymerase II transcription factor SIII subunit B SIII p18 Transcription elongation factor B polypeptide 2 Elongin C protein NELF-A Negative elongation factor A P/OKCL.15 Wolf-Hirshhorn syndrome candidate 2 protein mWHSC2 NELF-A protein Cofactor of BRCA1 NELF-B Negative elongation factor B NELF-B protein HSPC130 NELF-C/D Negative elongation factor C/D TH1-like protein NELF-C/D protein NDKA NDKB NDK3 NDKM EC:3.1.4.35 GO:0004116 cGMP-specific PDE cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase cGMP phosphodiesterase importin exportin Naturally occurring compounds derived from the parent C20 acid, prostanoic acid. CAS:11000-26-3 prostaglandin Any icosanoid from that family of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives generated by leukocytes from arachidonic acid, each member having four double bonds of which three are conjugated. leukotriene 3',5'-Cyclic AMP Adenosine 3',5'-phosphate Cyclic AMP Cyclic adenylic acid cAMP IMR:0200372 3',5'-Cyclic GMP Cyclic GMP Guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate Guanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate cGMP DAG DG Diglyceride diacylglyceride diacylglycerol IMR:0200332 1,4,5-InsP3 1D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate IP3 IMR:0200210 1D-myo-Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate D-myo-Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 IP4 CHEBI:26764 steroid hormone 4-Pregnene-3,20-dione progesterone stress hormone glucocorticoid CHEBI:25354 mineralocorticoid vitamin D Retin A Tretinoin all-trans-Retinoic Acid all-trans-Vitamin A acid vitamin A acid retinoic acid MeSH:D013963 thyroid hormone (substance) MeSH:D013974 3,5,3'5'-Tetraiiodo-L-thyronine L-Thyroxine Levothyroxin O-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-diidophenyl)-3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine T4 Thyroid Hormone thyroxine MeSH:D014284 3,3'5-Triiodo-L-thyronine 3,5,3'-Triiodo-L-thyronine 3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine L-3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine Liothyronine T3 Thyroid Hormone Triiodothyronine triiodothyronine A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults. MeSH:D002116 calcitonin A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults. MeSH:D002116 A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety. MeSH:D002766 CCK cholecystokinin A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety. MeSH:D002766 A gastrointestinal peptide hormone of about 43-amino acids. MeSH:D005749 GIP gastric inhibitory polypeptide A gastrointestinal peptide hormone of about 43-amino acids. MeSH:D005749 A peptide of about 22-amino acids isolated from the DUODENUM. At low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulating effect. MeSH:D009037 motilin A peptide of about 22-amino acids isolated from the DUODENUM. At low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulating effect. MeSH:D009037 A polypeptide hormone that originates in the hypothalamus and stimulates the secretion of prolactin in the pituitary gland. MeSH:D011390 PRF PRH PrRP prolactin-releasing factor rolactin-releasing peptide prolactin-releasing hormone A polypeptide hormone that originates in the hypothalamus and stimulates the secretion of prolactin in the pituitary gland. MeSH:D011390 A tripeptide hormone that originates in the HYPOTHALAMUS and stimulates the secretion of THYROTROPIN from the PITUITARY GLAND. In humans, it also acts as a prolactin-releasing factor. It is also a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. MeSH:D013973 5-oxo-prolyl-histidyl-prolinamide TRH protirelin thyroliberin thyrotropin-releasing hormone A tripeptide hormone that originates in the HYPOTHALAMUS and stimulates the secretion of THYROTROPIN from the PITUITARY GLAND. In humans, it also acts as a prolactin-releasing factor. It is also a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. MeSH:D013973 Hypothalamic peptide that regulates the synthesis and secretion of GROWTH HORMONE in the anterior pituitary gland. MeSH:D013007 GHRH SRH Somatoliberin somatotropin-releasing hormone growth hormone-releasing hormone Hypothalamic peptide that regulates the synthesis and secretion of GROWTH HORMONE in the anterior pituitary gland. MeSH:D013007 MSHRH MSH-releasing hormone A peptide hormone of about 22 amino acids. It is derived from PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN and has natriuretic activity. MeSH:D019824 beta-Melanotropin beta-MSH A peptide hormone of about 22 amino acids. It is derived from PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN and has natriuretic activity. MeSH:D019824 IMR:0200455 MeSH:D008550 Melatonin N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine melatonin Neuropeptide and gut hormone that helps regulate GASTRIC ACID secretion and motor function. Once released from nerves in the antrum of the STOMACH, the neuropeptide stimulates release of GASTRIN from the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. MeSH:D019886 GRP gastrin-releasing peptide Neuropeptide and gut hormone that helps regulate GASTRIC ACID secretion and motor function. Once released from nerves in the antrum of the STOMACH, the neuropeptide stimulates release of GASTRIN from the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. MeSH:D019886 A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors ( RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE). MeSH:D014660 VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors ( RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE). MeSH:D014660 HORMONES secreted by the gastrointestinal mucosa that affect the timing or the quality of secretion of digestive enzymes, and regulate the motor activity of the digestive system organs. MeSH:D005768 Enteric Hormone Intestinal Hormone gastrointestinal hormones HORMONES secreted by the gastrointestinal mucosa that affect the timing or the quality of secretion of digestive enzymes, and regulate the motor activity of the digestive system organs. MeSH:D005768 A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion. MeSH:D019894 peptide YY A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion. MeSH:D019894 A peptide hormone of about 27 amino acids from the duodenal mucosa that activates pancreatic secretion and lowers the blood sugar level. MeSH:D012633 secretin A peptide hormone of about 27 amino acids from the duodenal mucosa that activates pancreatic secretion and lowers the blood sugar level. MeSH:D012633 Peptide hormones secreted into the blood by cells in the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS of the pancreas. The alpha cells secrete glucagon; the beta cells secrete insulin; the delta cells secrete somatostatin; and the PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide. MeSH:D010187 pancreatic hormone Peptide hormones secreted into the blood by cells in the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS of the pancreas. The alpha cells secrete glucagon; the beta cells secrete insulin; the delta cells secrete somatostatin; and the PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide. MeSH:D010187 A pancreatic peptide hormone of about 29 amino acids secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It has an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. MeSH:D005934 glucagon A pancreatic peptide hormone of about 29 amino acids secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It has an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. MeSH:D005934 Hormones isolated from the hypothalamus which exercise control over other organs, primarily the pituitary gland. Well-known members include certain pituitary hormone-releasing hormones and pituitary hormone release inhibiting hormones. Vasopressin and oxytocin which are found in the posterior pituitary may also be secreted by the hypothalamus but are not grouped here ( PITUITARY HORMONES, POSTERIOR). MeSH:D007028 hypothalamic hormone Hormones isolated from the hypothalamus which exercise control over other organs, primarily the pituitary gland. Well-known members include certain pituitary hormone-releasing hormones and pituitary hormone release inhibiting hormones. Vasopressin and oxytocin which are found in the posterior pituitary may also be secreted by the hypothalamus but are not grouped here ( PITUITARY HORMONES, POSTERIOR). MeSH:D007028 Parathormone parathyroid hormone Hormones secreted by the PITUITARY GLAND including those from the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis), the posterior lobe (neurohypophysis), and the ill-defined intermediate lobe. MeSH:D010907 pituitary hormone Hormones secreted by the PITUITARY GLAND including those from the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis), the posterior lobe (neurohypophysis), and the ill-defined intermediate lobe. MeSH:D010907 Hormones produced by the placenta include CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN. Not include steroid hormones ( ESTROGENS; PROGESTERONE). MeSH:D010926 placental hormone, peptide Hormones produced by the placenta include CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN. Not include steroid hormones ( ESTROGENS; PROGESTERONE). MeSH:D010926 Hormones that stimulate gonadal functions such as GAMETOGENESIS and sex steroid hormone production in the OVARY and the TESTIS. Major gonadotropins are glycoproteins produced primarily by the adenohypophysis ( GONADOTROPINS, PITUITARY) and the placenta ( CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN). In some species, pituitary PROLACTIN and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN exert some luteotropic activities. MeSH:D006062 gonadotropin Hormones that stimulate gonadal functions such as GAMETOGENESIS and sex steroid hormone production in the OVARY and the TESTIS. Major gonadotropins are glycoproteins produced primarily by the adenohypophysis ( GONADOTROPINS, PITUITARY) and the placenta ( CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN). In some species, pituitary PROLACTIN and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN exert some luteotropic activities. MeSH:D006062 thymus hormone Polypeptide hormones produced in the hypothalamus which inhibit the release of pituitary hormones. Used for PHRIH in general or for which there is no specific heading. MeSH:D010905 PHRIH pituitary hormone release inhibiting hormone Polypeptide hormones produced in the hypothalamus which inhibit the release of pituitary hormones. Used for PHRIH in general or for which there is no specific heading. MeSH:D010905 MSHRIH Melanostatin MSH release-inhibiting hormone PIH prolactin release-inhibiting hormone Hormones released by one structure (e.g., the hypothalamus or the thyroid gland) that effect the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland. MeSH:D010906 PHRH pituitary hormone-releasing hormone Hormones released by one structure (e.g., the hypothalamus or the thyroid gland) that effect the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland. MeSH:D010906 CRH Corticotropin-releasing factor corticotropin-releasing hormone A decapeptide hormone released by the hypothalamus. It stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. MeSH:D007987 FSH-Releasing Hormone GnRH LH-Releasing Hormone LHRH gonadoliberin gonadorelin gonadotropin-releasing hormone A decapeptide hormone released by the hypothalamus. It stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. MeSH:D007987 Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). MeSH:D010908 pituitary hormone, anterior Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). MeSH:D010908 The alpha chain of pituitary glycoprotein hormones ( THYROTROPIN; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; LUTEINIZING HORMONE) and the placental CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Within a species, the alpha subunits of these four hormones are identical; the distinct functional characteristics of these glycoprotein hormones are determined by the unique beta subunits. Both subunits, the non-covalently bound heterodimers, are required for full biologic activity. MeSH:D015292 glycoprotein hormone, alpha subunit The alpha chain of pituitary glycoprotein hormones ( THYROTROPIN; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; LUTEINIZING HORMONE) and the placental CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Within a species, the alpha subunits of these four hormones are identical; the distinct functional characteristics of these glycoprotein hormones are determined by the unique beta subunits. Both subunits, the non-covalently bound heterodimers, are required for full biologic activity. MeSH:D015292 Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR) that stimulate gonadal functions in both males and females. They include FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE that stimulates germ cell maturation ( OOGENESIS; SPERMATOGENESIS), and LUTEINIZING HORMONE that stimulates the production of sex steroids ( ESTROGENS; PROGESTERONE; ANDROGENS). MeSH:D006065 gonadotropin, pituitary Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR) that stimulate gonadal functions in both males and females. They include FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE that stimulates germ cell maturation ( OOGENESIS; SPERMATOGENESIS), and LUTEINIZING HORMONE that stimulates the production of sex steroids ( ESTROGENS; PROGESTERONE; ANDROGENS). MeSH:D006065 A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D005640 FSH follitropin follicle stimulating hormone A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D005640 A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D005640 LH lutropin luteinizing hormone A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D005640 A polypeptide that is secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, stimulates mitosis, cell differentiation and cell growth. Species-specific growth hormones have been synthesized. MeSH:D013006 GH somatotropin growth hormone (mol) A polypeptide that is secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, stimulates mitosis, cell differentiation and cell growth. Species-specific growth hormones have been synthesized. MeSH:D013006 Hormones released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary, including vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) and oxytocin. They are formed in the neuronal cells of the hypothalamic nuclei and stored in nerve cell endings in the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis). MeSH:D010909 Pituitrin pituitary hormone, posterior Hormones released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary, including vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) and oxytocin. They are formed in the neuronal cells of the hypothalamic nuclei and stored in nerve cell endings in the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis). MeSH:D010909 A nonapeptide posterior pituitary hormone that causes UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and stimulates MILK EJECTION. MeSH:D010121 OXT Ocytocin Pitocin oxtocin oxytocin A nonapeptide posterior pituitary hormone that causes UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and stimulates MILK EJECTION. MeSH:D010121 A polypeptide hormone of approximately 25 kDa that is produced by the SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS of the PLACENTA, also known as chorionic somatomammotropin. It has both GROWTH HORMONE and PROLACTIN activities on growth, lactation, and luteal steroid production. MeSH:D010928 Choriomammotropin placental lactogen A polypeptide hormone of approximately 25 kDa that is produced by the SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS of the PLACENTA, also known as chorionic somatomammotropin. It has both GROWTH HORMONE and PROLACTIN activities on growth, lactation, and luteal steroid production. MeSH:D010928 A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D006063 CG chorionic gonadotropin A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D006063 Thymulin thymic factor, circulating thymopoietin thymosin O-Acetylcholine acetylcholine IMR:0200003 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol Dopamine dopamine IMR:0200335 (R)-(-)-Adnephrine (R)-(-)-Adrenaline (R)-(-)-Epinephrine (R)-(-)-Epirenamine 4-[(1R)-1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]-1,2-benzenediol L-Adrenaline adrenalin IMR:0200116 4-[(1R)-2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-1,2-benzenediol Arterenol L-Noradrenaline LEVOPHED (TN) Norepinephrine noradrenalin IMR:0200145 4-Amino-butanoic acid 4-aminobutanoic acid GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid IMR:0200057 Aminoacetic acid Gly Glycine glycine IMR:0200156 L-Glutamate L-Glutamic acid L-Glutaminic acid glutamic acid IMR:0200071 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid Taurine taurine 1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol p-hydroxyphenylethanolamine octopamine IMR:0200412 3-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol 5-Hydroxytryptamine Serotonin enteramine serotonin IMR:0200018 2-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)ethylamine Tyramine tyramine IMR:0200295 1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine 2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine Histamine histamine Hypertensin angiotensin angiotensin I angiotensin III beta-endorphin MeSH:D001920 bradykinin kallidin Somatomedin is a group of hormones that is produced, when stimulated by somatotropin (STH), to promote cell growth and division. In this way, they mediate the effect of somatotropin (also known as growth hormone). They have similar biological effects to somatotropin. Three forms include: * somatomedin A, which is another name for insulin-like growth factor 2 * somatomedin B, which is derived from vitronectin * somatomedin C, which is another name for insulin-like growth factor 1 MeSH:D013002 somatomedin Somatomedin is a group of hormones that is produced, when stimulated by somatotropin (STH), to promote cell growth and division. In this way, they mediate the effect of somatotropin (also known as growth hormone). They have similar biological effects to somatotropin. Three forms include: * somatomedin A, which is another name for insulin-like growth factor 2 * somatomedin B, which is derived from vitronectin * somatomedin C, which is another name for insulin-like growth factor 1 Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatomedin IGF-I insulin-like growth factor I IGF-II insulin-like growth factor II MeSH:D000809 angiotensin angiotensin II opioid peptide endorphin alpha-endorphin gamma-endorphin enkephalin leucine enkephalin adrenorphin alpha-neoendorphin rimorphin The kinins are pharmacologically active polypeptides released in the tissues and body fluids as a result of the enzymatic action of kallikreins on kininogens. The kinin family includes bradykinin (Arg-Pro-Pro-gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), kallidin (Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg) and methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin (Met-Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Arg). MeSH:D007705 plasmakinin kinin The kinins are pharmacologically active polypeptides released in the tissues and body fluids as a result of the enzymatic action of kallikreins on kininogens. The kinin family includes bradykinin (Arg-Pro-Pro-gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), kallidin (Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg) and methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin (Met-Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Arg). PMID:16513476 21-Amino-acid peptides produced by vascular endothelial cells and functioning as potent vasoconstrictors. The endothelin family consists of three members, ENDOTHELIN-1; ENDOTHELIN-2; and ENDOTHELIN-3. All three peptides contain 21 amino acids, but vary in amino acid composition. The three peptides produce vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in various parts of the body. However, the quantitative profiles of the pharmacological activities are considerably different among the three isopeptides. MeSH:D016232 endothelin 21-Amino-acid peptides produced by vascular endothelial cells and functioning as potent vasoconstrictors. The endothelin family consists of three members, ENDOTHELIN-1; ENDOTHELIN-2; and ENDOTHELIN-3. All three peptides contain 21 amino acids, but vary in amino acid composition. The three peptides produce vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in various parts of the body. However, the quantitative profiles of the pharmacological activities are considerably different among the three isopeptides. MeSH:D016232 ET-1 endothelin-1 ET-2 endothelin-2 ET-3 endothelin-3 kinesin superfamily kinesin-like protein A lactogenic hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). It is a polypeptide of approximately 23 kD. Besides its major action on lactation, in some species prolactin exerts effects on reproduction, maternal behavior, fat metabolism, immunomodulation and osmoregulation. Prolactin receptors are present in the mammary gland, hypothalamus, liver, ovary, testis, and prostate. MeSH:D011388 PRL prolactin A lactogenic hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). It is a polypeptide of approximately 23 kD. Besides its major action on lactation, in some species prolactin exerts effects on reproduction, maternal behavior, fat metabolism, immunomodulation and osmoregulation. Prolactin receptors are present in the mammary gland, hypothalamus, liver, ovary, testis, and prostate. MeSH:D011388 An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the secretion of CORTICOSTEROIDS and induces growth of the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is a single-chain polypeptide of about 39 amino acids, the first 24 of which are identical in all species. This 24-amino acid segment is said to be responsible for the biological activity of the peptide while the remaining 15-amino acid segment is said to be necessary for any immunological specificity. MeSH:D000324 ACTH Adrenocorticotropic hormone corticotropin An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the secretion of CORTICOSTEROIDS and induces growth of the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is a single-chain polypeptide of about 39 amino acids, the first 24 of which are identical in all species. This 24-amino acid segment is said to be responsible for the biological activity of the peptide while the remaining 15-amino acid segment is said to be necessary for any immunological specificity. MeSH:D000324 A 13-amino acid peptide derived from the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND in man and from the pars intermedia in lower vertebrates. Its amino acid sequence is identical to the first 13 amino acids of ACTH. It influences the formation of deposition of MELANIN in the body. MeSH:D000521 alpha-MSH A 13-amino acid peptide derived from the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND in man and from the pars intermedia in lower vertebrates. Its amino acid sequence is identical to the first 13 amino acids of ACTH. It influences the formation of deposition of MELANIN in the body. MeSH:D000521 Lipotropic or pituitary lipotropic hormone. A pituitary hormone mobilizing fat from adipose tissue. Beta-lipotropin is a single-chain peptide of about 90 residues that contains the sequences of endorphins and metenkephalin, and may be a precursor of beta-melanotropin and beta-endorphin. Gamma-lipotropin is shorter and is identical in sequence to the first 58 residues of beta-lipotropin. Both contain sequences common to ACTH and beta-melanotropin. MeSH:D008083 LPH lipotropin Lipotropic or pituitary lipotropic hormone. A pituitary hormone mobilizing fat from adipose tissue. Beta-lipotropin is a single-chain peptide of about 90 residues that contains the sequences of endorphins and metenkephalin, and may be a precursor of beta-melanotropin and beta-endorphin. Gamma-lipotropin is shorter and is identical in sequence to the first 58 residues of beta-lipotropin. Both contain sequences common to ACTH and beta-melanotropin. MeSH:D008083 Peptide hormones secreted by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary that stimulate melanin release and dispersal. Melanocyte-stimulating hormones are also found in the brain where they are presumed to play a signaling role. MeSH:D009074 Intermedin Melanotropin MSH Peptide hormones secreted by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary that stimulate melanin release and dispersal. Melanocyte-stimulating hormones are also found in the brain where they are presumed to play a signaling role. MeSH:D009074 A peptide hormone of about 11 amino acids derived from PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN that has natriuretic activity. MeSH:D019825 gamma-Melanotropin gamma-MSH A peptide hormone of about 11 amino acids derived from PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN that has natriuretic activity. MeSH:D019825 A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones ( THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D013972 TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone thyrotropin A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis ( PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones ( THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. MeSH:D013972 Octapeptide antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (chemical composition varies with species). They control water metabolism and balance by regulating LUNG; GILLS; KIDNEY; etc., and water loss, and also contract smooth muscle. They may also be NEUROTRANSMITTERS. MeSH:D014667 ADH Antidiuretic hormone VP vasopressin Octapeptide antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (chemical composition varies with species). They control water metabolism and balance by regulating LUNG; GILLS; KIDNEY; etc., and water loss, and also contract smooth muscle. They may also be NEUROTRANSMITTERS. MeSH:D014667 karyopherin alpha importin alpha karyopherin beta1 importin beta CAS/CSE Regulator of chromosome condensation RCC1 GO:0005098 Ran GTPase-activating protein Ran GAP GO:0008349 MAP kinase kinase kinase kinase MAPKKKK A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters. MeSH:D005755 gastrin A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters. MeSH:D005755 A 36-amino acid polypeptide secreted by the PANCREAS that has physiological regulatory functions. Plasma pancreatic polypeptide increases after ingestion of food, with age, and in disease states. A lack of pancreatic polypeptide in the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS has been associated with the OBESITY in rats and mice. MeSH:D010191 pancreatic polypeptide A 36-amino acid polypeptide secreted by the PANCREAS that has physiological regulatory functions. Plasma pancreatic polypeptide increases after ingestion of food, with age, and in disease states. A lack of pancreatic polypeptide in the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS has been associated with the OBESITY in rats and mice. MeSH:D010191 A polypeptide hormone produced in the HYPOTHALAMUS, and other tissues and organs. It inhibits the release of growth hormone ( SOMATOTROPIN), and also modulates important physiological functions of the kidney, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin receptors are widely expressed throughout the body. Somatostatin also acts as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems. MeSH:D013004 SRIH growth hormone-release inhibiting factor growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone somatotropin release-inhibiting hormone somatostatin A polypeptide hormone produced in the HYPOTHALAMUS, and other tissues and organs. It inhibits the release of growth hormone ( SOMATOTROPIN), and also modulates important physiological functions of the kidney, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin receptors are widely expressed throughout the body. Somatostatin also acts as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems. MeSH:D013004 ERK5, also known as big MAP kinase 1 (BMK1), is twice the size of other MAPKs. The amino-terminal half contains the kinase domain, which is similar to that of ERK1/2 and has the TEY activation motif, whereas the carboxy-terminal half is unique. MEK5 phosphorylates and activates ERK5, and then the activated ERK5 phosphorylates substrates including myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). BMK1 ERK5 ERK5, also known as big MAP kinase 1 (BMK1), is twice the size of other MAPKs. The amino-terminal half contains the kinase domain, which is similar to that of ERK1/2 and has the TEY activation motif, whereas the carboxy-terminal half is unique. MEK5 phosphorylates and activates ERK5, and then the activated ERK5 phosphorylates substrates including myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). PMID:16880823 Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 5 MAPKKK5 MEK kinase 5 MEKK 5 apoptosis inducing kinase1 ASK1 TAO1 MAPKKK6 ASK2 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1 MEK kinase 1 MEKK1 MAP kinase kinase 5 MAPK/ERK kinase 5 MAPKK 5 MEK5 MKK5 MEK5(MKK5) MLK7 MLTK MRK zipper sterile alpha motif kinase ZAK mixed lineage kinase MLK MAP3K9 MLK1 MAP3K10 MKN28 derived serine / threonine kinase MST MLK2 MAP3K11 PTK1 SH3 domain containing proline rich kinase SPRK protein tyrosine kinase 1 MLK3 MLK4 dual leucine zipper bearing kinase DLK Dual leucine zipper bearing kinase Leucine-zipper protein kinase MAP3K12 MAPK upstream kinase MUK ZPK zipper protein kinase DLK family MAP3K13 leucine zipper kinase LZK SLP-76 family MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 MAPK- activated protein kinase 2 MK2 MAPKAPK2 3PK MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 3 MAPK- activated protein kinase 3 MAPKAPK3 GO:0005100 Rho GTPase-activating protein Rho GAP GO:0005097 Rab GTPase-activating protein Rab GAP GO:0008060 Arf GTPase-activating protein Arf GAP Four groups of kinases have been shown to be activated by MAP kinases, ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK also known as MAPKAPK1), MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2/3 (MAPKAPK2/3), MAP kinase-interacting kinase or MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase (MNK) and MAPKAPK5 (PRAK). MAP kinase-activated protein kinase MAP kinase-regulated protein kinase MAPK-activated protein kinase MAPKAPK Four groups of kinases have been shown to be activated by MAP kinases, ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK also known as MAPKAPK1), MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2/3 (MAPKAPK2/3), MAP kinase-interacting kinase or MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase (MNK) and MAPKAPK5 (PRAK). PMID:12639708 PMID:9628874 MAPKAPK5 (PRAK) activity is regulated by p38 and activated MAPKAPK5 in turn phosphorylates small heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 5 MAPK-activated protein kinase 5 PRAK MAPKAPK5 MAPKAPK5 (PRAK) activity is regulated by p38 and activated MAPKAPK5 in turn phosphorylates small heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). PMID:9628874 MNK1/2 are regulated by p38 and ERK, but not by JNK. MNK1/2 can phosphorylate eukaryotic initiation factor-4E (eIF-4E). MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase MAP kinase-interacting kinase MNK MNK1/2 are regulated by p38 and ERK, but not by JNK. MNK1/2 can phosphorylate eukaryotic initiation factor-4E (eIF-4E). PMID:9628874 AR SDGF amphiregulin BTC betacellulin EPR epiregulin heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor HB-EGF transforming growth factor alpha TGF-alpha GO:0005154　epidermal growth factor receptor binding epidermal growth factor EGF (mol) IkB-alpha inhibitor of NF-kappaB alpha I-kappaB alpha IkB-beta inhibitor of NF-kappaB beta I-kappaB beta IkB-epsilon inhibitor of NF-kappaB epsilon I-kappaB epsilon Bad (mol) Bid (mol) Bcl-2 interacting killer Bik BIM (mol) A1 Bfl-1 Bcl-xL caspase-6 caspase-7 caspase-9 caspase-8 caspase-10 NCBI-Human-GeneID:834 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:25166 caspase-1 NCBI-Human-GeneID:834 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/834 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:25166 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/25166 caspase-2 (mol) caspase-4 caspase-5 caspase-11 caspase-12 caspase-14 caspase-13 Smad1 Smad2 Smad3 Smad5 Smad9 Smad8 Smad4 Smad6 Smad7 JAK1 JAK2 JAK3 Tyk2 CDw119 IFNG receptor alpha chain IFNGR-1 IFNG receptor beta chain accessory factor-1 IFNGR-2 neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein NAIP HIAP2 MIHB cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 mammalian IAP homologue B c-IAP1 HIAP1 MIHC cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-2 mammalian IAP homologue C c-IAP2 IAP-like protein ILP-1 MIHA X-linked IAP mammalian IAP homologue A XIAP Survivin RasGRF1 RasGRF2 RasGRP T-cell receptor alpha TCR alpha T-cell receptor beta TCR beta P59-FYN SLK SYN Fyn LSK P56-LCK T cell-specific protein-tyrosine kinase Lck c-Raf c-Raf-1 Raf-1 PAK1 Cbl-b Cbl-c Cbl-3 G-alpha-s G-alpha-olf G-alpha-i 1 G-alpha-i 2 G-alpha-i 3 transducin alpha-1 G-alpha-t 1 transducin alpha-2 G-alpha-t 2 G-alpha-11 G-alpha-14 G-alpha-15 G-alpha-q G-alpha-Y G-alpha-12 G-alpha-13 Grb7/10/14 family Cdk inhibitor protein cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 p21 Cip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 p27Kip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 p57KIP2 Interferon alpha IFN alpha Interferon omega IFN omega Interferon beta IFN beta Interferon delta IFN delta Interferon gamma IFN gamma Interferon alpha/beta receptor-1 IFNAR-1 Interferon alpha/beta receptor-2 IFNAR-2 IMR:0010311 IMR:0011340 IMR:0011552 IRS1 insulin receptor substrate-1 IRS-1 IMR:0010312 IMR:0011553 IRS2 insulin receptor substrate-2 IRS-2 insulin receptor substrate-3 pp60 IRS-3 insulin receptor substrate-4 IRS-4 GO:0005163 nerve growth factor NGF brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF neurotrophic factor 3 neurotrophin-3 NT-3 NT-4 NT-5 neurotrophic factor 4 neurotrophic factor 5 neurotrophin-4 neurotrophin-5 NT-4/5 TR alpha 1 c-erbA-alpha 2 TR alpha 2 TR beta 1 TR beta 2 TNF receptor associated factor 1 TRAF1 TNF receptor associated factor 2 TRAF2 (mol) TNF receptor associated factor 3 TRAF3 (mol) TNF receptor associated factor 4 TRAF4 TNF receptor associated factor 5 TRAF5 TNF receptor associated factor 6 TRAF6 GAP1m Ins P4-binding protein GAP1(IP4BP) Neurofibromatosis-related protein NF-1 Neurofibromin NF-1 GAP GTPase-activating protein Ras p21 protein activator p120GAP RasGAP RalGEF RalGDS GO:0005088 Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGEF p65 RelA NF-kappaB1 NFKB1 p105 p50 IMR:0010357 ERK-1 ERT2 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 Insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase MAP kinase 1 MAPK 1 Microtubule- associated protein-2 kinase Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (EC 2.7.1.-) (Extracellular signal- regulated kinase 1) (ERK-1) (Insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase) (MAP kinase 1) (MAPK 1) (p44-ERK1) (ERT2) (p44-MAPK) (Microtubule- associated protein-2 kinase) p44-ERK1 p44-MAPK ERK1 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 MAP kinase 2 MAPK 2 p42 MAPK ERK2 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 2 MEK kinase 2 MEKK2 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 3 MEK kinase 3 MEKK3 ERK activator kinase 1 MAP kinase kinase 1 MAPK/ERK kinase 1 MAPKK 1 MEK1 MKK1 MEK1(MKK1) ERK activator kinase 2 MAP kinase kinase 2 MAPK/ERK kinase 2 MAPKK 2 MEK2 MKK2 MEK2(MKK2) JNK activating kinase 1 JNKK JNKK 1 JNKK1 MAP kinase kinase 4 MKK4 SAPK/ERK kinase 1 SEK1 c- Jun N-terminal kinase kinase 1 MKK4(JNKK1)(SEK1) JNK activating kinase 2 JNK kinase 2 JNKK 2 JNKK2 MAP kinase kinase 7 MAPK/ERK kinase 7 MAPKK 7 MKK7 SKK4 c-Jun N-terminal kinase kinase 2 MKK7(JNKK2) MAP kinase kinase 3 MAPK/ERK kinase 3 MAPKK 3 MKK3 MAP kinase kinase 6 MAPK/ERK kinase 6 MAPKK 6 SAPKK3 MKK6 Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase alpha subunit IKK alpha Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase beta subunit IKK beta NEMO NF-kappaB essential modulator IKK gamma IKK epsilon Fas-associated death domain MORT1 mediator of receptor-induced toxicity FADD TNF receptor-associated death domain TNFR-associated death domain tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated death domain TRADD (mol) myeloid differentiation factor 88 MyD88 RAIDD RIP-associated ICH-1/CED-3-homologous protein with a death domain caspase and RIP adaptor with death domain CRADD SCF ubiquitin ligase complex is a subtype of molecular complex. Skp1/Cul1/F-box protein complex SCF ubiquitin ligase complex protein kinase C theta PKC theta classical PKC isoforms (alpha, betaI, betaII and gamma) are regulated by calcium, diacylglycerol (DAG) and phospholipids. conventional PKC cPKC classical PKC isoforms (alpha, betaI, betaII and gamma) are regulated by calcium, diacylglycerol (DAG) and phospholipids. PMID:15282562 IL-1 receptor-associated kinase Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase Pelle-like protein kinase IRAK Smads 2 and 3 serve principally as substrates for the TGFbeta, activin, and Nodal receptors. Smad2/3 Smads 2 and 3 serve principally as substrates for the TGFbeta, activin, and Nodal receptors. PMID:16322555 Smads 1, 5, and 8 serve principally as substrates for the BMP and anti-Muellerian receptors. Smad1/5/8 Smads 1, 5, and 8 serve principally as substrates for the BMP and anti-Muellerian receptors. PMID:16322555 Smad ubiquitin regulatory factors Smurf E3 ubiquitin ligase Smad-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 Ubiquitin--protein ligase SMURF1 Ubiquitin-protein ligase hSMURF1 xSMURF1 Smurf1 Smad-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase 2 Ubiquitin--protein ligase SMURF2 hSMURF2 Smurf2 GCK family germinal center kinase GCK GCK related KHS1 germinal center kinase related GCKR GCK-like kinase GLK Sequestosome 1 p62 GO:0004685 Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CaM-kinase CaMK Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II CaMKII CaM-kinase II PDGF A-chain PDGF B-chain AFGF Acidic fibroblast growth factor Beta-endothelial cell growth factor ECGF-beta HBGF-1 FGF-1 BFGF Basic fibroblast growth factor HBGF-2 Prostatropin FGF-2 Fibroblast growth factor-3 HBGF-3 INT-2 FGF-3 HBGF-4 HST HST-1 Heparin secretory transforming protein K-fibroblast growth factor KFGF Transforming protein KS3 FGF-4 HBGF-5 Smag-82 FGF-5 HBGF-6 HST-2 FGF-6 Fibroblast growth factor-7 HBGF-7 KGF FGF-7 AIGF Fibroblast growth factor-8 HBGF-8 FGF-8 Fibroblast growth factor-9 GAF HBGF-9 FGF-9 Keratinocyte growth factor 2 FGF-10 FHF-3 Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 3 FGF-11 FHF-1 Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 1 Myocyte-activating factor FGF-12 FHF-2 Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 2 FGF-13 FHF-4 Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 4 FGF-14 FGF-15 FGF-16 FGF-17 zFGF5 FGF-18 FGF-19 FGF-20 FGF-21 FGF-22 Tumor-derived hypophosphatemia inducing factor FGF-23 NCBI-Human-GeneID:6714 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:20779 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:83805 c-Src p60-Src Src (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:6714 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6714 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:20779 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/20779 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:83805 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/83805 transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan CD138 antigen SYND1 syndecan-1 HSPG Heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein SYND2 fibroglycan syndecan-2 N-syndecan Neuroglycan SYND3 syndecan-3 Amphiglycan Ryudocan core protein SYND4 syndecan-4 IMR:0010392 PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory alpha subunit PtdIns-3-kinase p85-alpha PI3-kinase p85-alpha subunit IMR:0010393 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory beta subunit PtdIns-3-kinase p85-beta PI3-kinase p85-beta subunit IMR:0010389 PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit, alpha isoform (EC 2.7.1.137) (PI3-kinase p110 subunit alpha) (PtdIns-3-kinase p110) (PI3K) Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit, alpha isoform PtdIns-3-kinase p110 PI3-kinase p110 subunit alpha IMR:0010390 PI3K PI3Kbeta Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit, beta isoform (EC 2.7.1.137) (PI3-kinase p110 subunit beta) (PtdIns-3-kinase p110) (PI3K) (PI3Kbeta) Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit, beta isoform PtdIns-3-kinase p110 PI3-kinase p110 subunit beta PI3K Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit, delta isoform PtdIns-3-kinase p110 p110delta PI3-kinase p110 subunit delta IMR:0010763 CDC28 CDK1 Cdc2 Cell division control protein 2 homolog Cell division control protein 2 homolog (EC 2.7.1.-) (p34 protein kinase) (Cyclin-dependent kinase 1) (CDK1) Cell division control protein 2 homolog (EC 2.7.1.-) (p34 protein kinase) (Cyclin-dependent kinase 1) (CDK1) form Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 p34 protein kinase Cdc2 (mol) IMR:0010671 Cdk2 Cell division protein kinase 2 Cell division protein kinase 2 (EC 2.7.1.-)(p33 protein kinase)(CDK2) cyclin-dependent kinase 2 p33 protein kinase CDK2 (mol) Cell division protein kinase 3 CDK3(mol) CRK6 Cell division protein kinase 5 Serine/threonine protein kinase PSSALRE TPKII catalytic subunit Tau protein kinase II catalytic subunit CDK5(mol) IMR:0010667 CRK2 Cdk6 Cell division protein kinase 6 Cell division protein kinase 6 (EC 2.7.1.-)(Serine/threonine-protein kinase) (PLSTIRE)(CDK6) Serine/threonine protein kinase PLSTIRE CDK6(mol) IMR:0010771 39 kDa protein kinase 39 protein kinase CAK CAK1 CDK-activating kinase CR4 protein kinase Cdk7 Cell division protein kinase 7 Cell division protein kinase 7 (EC 2.7.1.-) (CDK-activating kinase) (CAK)(TFIIH) (basal transcription factor complex kinase subunit) (39 kDa protein kinase) (P39 Mo15)(STK1)(CAK1) P39 Mo15 Protein-tyrosine kinase MPK-7 STK1 TFIIH basal transcription factor complex kinase subunit CDK7(mol) Cell division protein kinase 8 Protein kinase K35 CDK8(mol) IMR:0010181 C-2K Cdk 9 protein Cell division protein kinase 9 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PITALRE CDK9(mol) cyclin cyclin A IMR:0010764 IMR:0011589 CGA1 Cyclin A1 cyclin A1 IMR:0010768 IMR:0011591 CGA2 Cyclin A Cyclin A2 cyclin A cyclin A2 cyclin B IMR:0010767 IMR:0011592 CGB1 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin B1 cyclin B1 IMR:0010766 IMR:0011593 CGB2 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin B2 cyclin B2 cyclin C cyclin D IMR:0010664 IMR:0011612 BCL-1 oncogene CGD1 G1/S-specific cyclin D1 PRAD1 oncogene cyclin D1 IMR:0010668 IMR:0011614 CGD2 G1/S-specific cyclin D2 Vin-1 proto-oncogene cyclin D2 IMR:0010666 IMR:0011615 CGD3 G1/S-specific cyclin D3 cyclin D3 cyclin E IMR:0010670 IMR:0011462 CGE1 G1/S-specific cyclin E1 cyclin E1 IMR:0010672 IMR:0011595 CGE2 G1/S-Specific cyclin E2 cyclin E2 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin F cyclin F cyclin G cyclin G cyclin G1 cyclin G2 IMR:0010772 IMR:0011707 CYCH Cyclin H MO15-associated protein p34 p37 cyclin H cyclin I cyclin K cyclin T IMR:0010177 IMR:0011619 CCT1 CycT1 Cyclin T Cyclin T1 cyclin T cyclin T1 IMR:0010178 Cyclin T2 cyclin T2 CDK-activating kinase CAK CDK inhibitor p40 SIC1 protein Sic1 Caspase-like protein ESPL1 Cut1 Esp1 Extra spindle poles-like 1 protein separin separase IMR:0010777 IMR:0011713 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003035 Antigen NY-CO-13 Cellular tumor antigen p53 P53 Phosphoprotein p53 Tumor suppressor p53 p53 protein p53 (mol) IMR:0010776 Double minute 2 protein Hdm2 Oncoprotein Mdm2 Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3 Mdm2 Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3 Mdm2 (EC 6.3.2.-) (p53-binding protein Mdm2) (Oncoprotein Mdm2) (Double minute 2 protein) (Hdm2) p53-binding protein Mdm2 Mdm2 (mol) G1/S-specific cyclin CLN1 Cln1 G1/S-specific cyclin CLN2 Cln2 G1/S-specific cyclin CLN3 Cln3 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 1 Clb1 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 2 Clb2 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 3 Clb3 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 4 Clb4 S-phase entry cyclin 5 Clb5 S-phase entry cyclin 6 Clb6 G1-cyclin G1/S-cyclin S-cyclin G2/M-cyclin M-cyclin TNF alpha receptor CD221 antigen Insulin-like growth factor I receptor precursor IGF-1 receptor IMR:0200368 1D-myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate D-myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate IP2 EC:3.1.4.17 GO:0004115 cAMP-specific PDE cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase cAMP phosphodiesterase EC:3.1.3.67 phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase PTEN GO:0008603 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulatory chain PKA regulatory subunit GO:0004691 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit PKA catalytic subunit Prothrombin thrombin pro-survival Bcl-2 family anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family Bcl-2 subfamily pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family Bax subfamily Bik family BH3 subfamily IMR:0010562 40S ribosomal subunit protein S6 40S small ribosomal protein 6 40S ribosomal protein S6 IPR:008297 N Notch NCBI-Human-GeneID:4851 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18128 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:25496 Notch-1 Notch1 Notch 1 (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:4851 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4851 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18128 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/18128 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:25496 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/25496 NCBI-Human-GeneID:4853 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18129 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29492 Notch-2 Notch2 Notch 2 (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:4853 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4853 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18129 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/18129 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:29492 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/29492 NCBI-Human-GeneID:4854 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18131 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:56761 Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 precursor Notch-3 Notch3 Notch 3 (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:4854 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4854 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:18131 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/18131 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:56761 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/56761 Notch-4 Notch4 Notch 4 Delta DLL1 Delta1 Delta-like1 DLL3 Delta-like3 DLL4 Delta4 Delta-like4 PS-1 S182 protein presenilin 1 AD3LP AD5 ALG-3 Alzheimer disease 4 homolog E5-1 PS-2 STM-2 presenilin 2 STAT5 GSK-3 alpha NCBI-Human-GeneID:50846 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:13363 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:84380 Desert hedgehog HHG-3 DHH (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:50846 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/50846 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:13363 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/13363 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:84380 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/84380 NCBI-Human-GeneID:3549 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:16147 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:84399 HHG-2 Indian hedgehog IHH (mol) NCBI-Human-GeneID:3549 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3549 NCBI-Mouse-GeneID:16147 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/16147 NCBI-Rat-GeneID:84399 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/84399 T cell-specific transcription factor 1-alpha TCF1-alpha LEF-1 T-cell factor 1 T-cell-specific transcription factor 1 TCF-1 TCF7 Transcription factor 7 TCF-1 HMG-box transcription factor 3 TCF-3 TCF7L1 Transcription factor 7-like 1 mTCF-3 TCF-3 HMG box transcription factor 4 T-cell-specific transcription factor 4 TCF-4 TCF7L2 hTCF-4 mTCF-4 TCF-4 IPR:008339 dishevelled family Dsh family DSH homolog 1 Dishevelled-1 Dvl-1 DSH homolog 2 Dishevelled-2 Dvl-2 DSH homolog 3 Dishevelled-3 Dvl-3 DSH homolog 1-like Dishevelled-1-like Dvl-1-like Int-1 Wnt-1 IRP protein Int-1 related protein Wnt-2 Wnt-13 Wnt-2b Wnt-3 Wnt-3a Wnt-4 Wnt-5a Wnt-5b Wnt-6 Wnt-7a Wnt-7b Wnt-8d Wnt-8a Wnt-8b Wnt-14 Wnt-9a Wnt-14b Wnt-15 Wnt-9b Wnt-10a Wnt-12 Wnt-10b Wnt-11 Wnt-16 LDL receptor-related protein low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein LRP family LDL receptor-related protein 1 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 LRP1 Glycoprotein 330 LDL-receptor-related protein 2 Megalin gp330 low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein 2 LRP2 GO:0004681 Casein kinase I CK1 Casein kinase I, alpha isoform CKI-alpha Casein kinase I, gamma 1 isoform CKI-gamma 1 Casein kinase I, gamma 2 isoform CKI-gamma 2 Casein kinase I, gamma 3 isoform CKI-gamma 3 CKId Casein kinase I, delta isoform CKI-delta CKIe Casein kinase I, epsilon isoform CKI-epsilon JAB JAK-binding protein SSI-1 STAT induced STAT inhibitor 1 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 TIP-3 Tec-interacting protein 3 SOCS-1 CIS-2 Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 2 SSI-2 STAT induced STAT inhibitor 2 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 SOCS-2 CIS-3 Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 3 Protein EF-10 SSI-3 STAT induced STAT inhibitor 3 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 SOCS-3 CIS-4 Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 4 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 SOCS-4 CIS-6 Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 6 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 SOCS-5 NAP-4 Nck, Ash and phospholipase C gamma-binding protein Nck-associated protein 4 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 SOCS-6 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 7 SOCS-7 C-AKT PKB alpha RAC-PK-alpha RAC-alpha serine/threonine protein kinase protein kinase B alpha Akt1 (mol) PKB beta RAC-PK-beta RAC-beta serine/threonine protein kinase protein kinase B beta Akt2 (mol) PKB gamma RAC-PK-gamma RAC-gamma serine/threonine protein kinase STK-2 protein kinase B gamma Akt3 TSE1 Tissue-specific extinguisher-1 cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory chain PKA type I alpha regulatory subunit cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-beta regulatory chain PKA type I beta regulatory subunit cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory chain PKA type II alpha regulatory subunit cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory chain PKA type II beta regulatory subunit PKA C-alpha cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit PKA alpha catalytic subunit PKA C-beta cAMP-dependent protein kinase, beta-catalytic subunit PKA beta catalytic subunit PKA C-gamma cAMP-dependent protein kinase, gamma-catalytic subunit PKA gamma catalytic subunit Interleukin-1 alpha IL-1 alpha Interleukin-1 beta IL-1 beta Prostaglandin F2 L-Asparagine L-Histidine L-Lysine Prostaglandin E2 L-Threonine L-Proline L-Tyrosine L-Alanine Prostaglandin H2 L-Isoleucine L-Phenylalanine Prostaglandin I2 L-Dopa GMP L-Tryptophan L-Ornithine L-Arginine L-Glutamine L-Serine Prostaglandin D2 L-Aspartic acid L-Cysteine L-Methionine L-Leucine Prostaglandin G2 L-Valine reduced oxygenation of body tissues resulting in the decreased pressure of this component of body gases; commonly due to hypoxemia decreased tissue partial O2 level hypoxia house mouse mouse mus musculus rat rats rattus PMID:23020233 eucaryotes eukaryotes Eukaryota http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T015 mammal mammals mammalia Vertebrata vertebrates vertebrate http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T016 human homo sapiens rodent rodentia A synthetic amino acid. Buthionine sulfoximine irreversibly inhibits gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase, thereby depleting cells of glutathione, a metabolite that plays a critical role in protecting cells against oxidative stress, and resulting in free radical-induced apoptosis. Elevated glutathione levels are associated with tumor cell resistance to alkylating agents and platinum compounds. By depleting cells of glutathione, this agent may enhance the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicities of various chemotherapeutic agents in drug-resistant tumors. Buthionine sulfoximine may also exhibit antiangiogenesis activity. (NCI04) BSO Buthionine sulfoximine A family of transmembrane proteins that play a role in the transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin. OATP SLCO Solute Carrier Organic Anion OATP family Non-neoplastic macrophages that are found in close proximity to or within a tumor mass. [ NCI ] CD163-positive cells TAM tumor-associated macrophage A laboratory test or analysis of the biological activity of a substance performed by studying its effect in an experimental situation outside the organism, e.g. in the test tube rather than in living systems. in vitro assay A laboratory test or analysis of the biological activity of a substance performed by studying its effect in an experimental situation outside the organism, e.g. in the test tube rather than in living systems. https://ncim.nci.nih.gov/ncimbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI Metathesaurus&code=C1511123 http://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200906081082476489 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D002470 cell survival Drug-, radiation-induced, or spontaneous injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal double-helical conformation. These changes include structural distortions that interfere with replication and transcription, as well as point mutations that disrupt base pairs and exert damaging effects on future generations through changes in DNA sequence. If the damage is minor, it can often be repaired (DNA repair); extensive damage can induce apoptosis. MeSH:D004249 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16507 DNA damage A chemical reaction that uses water to break down a compound. hydrolysis A pathological process in which normal cells are transformed into malignant cancer cells within a primary tumor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C18078 ncit:C18078 Carcinogenesis carcinogenesis A pathologic process that involves the transformation of normal cells to a neoplastic state and resulting in polyclonal or monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation. A pathologic process that involves the transformation of normal cells to a neoplastic state and resulting in polyclonal or monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C18121 ncit:C18121 Oncogenesis tumorigenesis The spread or migration of cancer cells from one part of the body (the organ in which it first appeared) to another. The secondary tumor contains cells that are like those in the original (primary) tumor. metastasis The processes which result in cancers in the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19427 ncit:C19427 liver carcinogenesis hepatocarcinogenesis Multiplication or reproduction by cell division of a population of identical cells descended from a single progenitor. In immunology, may refer to the clonal proliferation of cells responsive to a specific antigen as part of an immune response. (NCI) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20613 clonal expansion Organic Cation Transporter proteins carry positively charged chemical substances containing covalently bound carbon atoms through solubility barriers, such as lipid membranes or across epithelial layers. After binding substrate, transmembrane transporters often undergo an energy-dependent conformational change that moves the substrate across the membrane with (symport) or against (antiport) concentration gradients. OCT family Organic Cation Transport Protein Organic Cation Transporter A usually exophytic mass attached to the underlying tissue by a broad base or a thin stalk. Polyps can be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Neoplastic polyps usually represent proliferations of the epithelium, and are commonly seen in the gastrointestinal tract. Polyps of the gastrointestinal tract are often called adenomas, are associated with dysplasia, and may eventually transform into carcinomas. Non-neoplastic polyps may be inflammatory, degenerative, or the result of malformations. polyp The level of degree is high in comparison to medium. high level Obstruction or a closure of hollow organ, passageway or vessel; also the transient approximation of the edges of a natural opening; imperforation. The act of closure or the state of being closed; an obstruction; the relationship between all of the components of the masticatory system in normal function, dysfunction, and parafunction; momentary complete closure of some area in the vocal tract, causing stoppage of the breath and accumulation of pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C50678 occlusion A set or series of interactions, often forming a network, which biologists have found useful to group together for organizational, historic, biophysical, or other reasons. pathway a role which inheres in material entities and is realized in the processes of making, enforcing or being defined by legislation or orders issued by a governmental body. OBI, CDISC Regulatory agency, Ethics committee, Approval letter; example: Browse these EPA Regulatory Role subtopics http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/enviregulatoryrole.html Feb 29, 2008 govt agents responsible for creating regulations; proxies for enforcing regulations. CDISC definition: regulatory authorities. Bodies having the power to regulate. NOTE: In the ICH GCP guideline the term includes the authorities that review submitted clinical data and those that conduct inspections. These bodies are sometimes referred to as competent regulatory role A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. scientific observation assay a role which inheres in a person and is realized by the process of being under the care of a physician or health care provider OBI, CDISC CDISC definition: patient. Person under a physician's care for a particular disease or condition. NOTE: A subject in a clinical trial is not necessarily a patient, but a patient in a clinical trial is a subject. See also subject, trial subject, healthy volunteer. Often used interchangeably patient role An imaging assay is an assay to produce a picture of an entity. imaging assay pathogen role is a role which inheres in an organism and realized in the process of disease course in the organism bearing host role caused by the organism bearing pathogen role OBI pathogen role An imaging assay in which an electrons are used to probe the density, shape and composition of an input material which are detected in an electron microscope and utilized to produce an image of the material. electron microscopy imaging assay secondary cultured cell A cultured cell that has been passaged or derives from a cell that has been passaged in culture. The term 'secondary cell culture' is generally used in biological texts/protocols to refer to any culture following an initial passage. We include it here because there are often a number of passages between a primary culture and the establishment of a stable, homogenous cell line. Such cultures are considered to be 'secondary cultures' but not 'cell lines' during this intermediate passaging/selection period between their derivation from a 'primary cell culture' and derivation into a 'cell line', which is a more specific type of secondary culture. Person: Matthew Brush A secondary cultured cell has been passaged in culture or is a descendant of such a cell that is derived through propagation in culture. secondary cultured cell An organism is material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Its function is to do life activity. organism A data item that was generated on the basis of a calculation or logical reasoning predicted data item occurrence of infectious disease Is an occurrence of a disease caused by an infection IEDB IEDB occurrence of infectious disease occurrence of allergy The process of an allergic disease occurring in an organism. IEDB IEDB occurrence of allergy A gene is a material entity that represents the entire DNA sequence required for synthesis of a functional protein or RNA molecule. Physical and functional unit of heredity, which carries information from one generation to the next. In molecular terms, it is the entire DNA sequence including exons, introns, and noncoding transcription-control regions necessary for production of a functional protein or RNA. gene A gene is a material entity that represents the entire DNA sequence required for synthesis of a functional protein or RNA molecule. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21640/ Physical and functional unit of heredity, which carries information from one generation to the next. In molecular terms, it is the entire DNA sequence including exons, introns, and noncoding transcription-control regions necessary for production of a functional protein or RNA. ISBN:9780716737063 A gene of an organism of Eukaryota Yue Liu, Bin Zhao, Oliver He 2759 gene of Eukaryota A gene of an organism of Homo sapiens Yue Liu, Bin Zhao, Oliver He 9606 gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a protein-coding gene disposition Bin Zhao, Oliver He 9606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a pseudo gene disposition Bin Zhao, Oliver He 9606 pseudo gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a ncRNA gene disposition Bin Zhao, Oliver He 9606 ncRNA gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a RNA gene disposition Bin Zhao, Oliver He 9606 RNA gene of Homo sapiens Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AACT ACT GIG25 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene SERPINA3 serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 3 12 GIG24 14q32.1 9606 14 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003677 (EC: TAS, PMID: 14668352); GO_0004867 (EC: IBA); GO_0004867 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2404007); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12709365); GO_0005576 (EC: IBA); GO_0005576 (EC: NAS, PMID: 14718574); GO_0005622 (EC: NAS, PMID: 9880565); GO_0005634 (EC: TAS, PMID: 14668352); GO_0006953 (EC: IEA); GO_0006954 (EC: NAS, PMID: 12475184); GO_0010951 (EC: IBA); GO_0019216 (EC: NAS, PMID: 11835318); GO_0030162 (EC: IBA); GO_0030277 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8647626); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_0072562 (EC: IDA) PMID: 123121; 1311327; 1351206; 1618300; 2016749; 2190106; 2404007; 2432851; 2435303; 2456771; 2787670; 2945424; 3028924; 3257719; 3260956; 3485824; 3490907; 3492865; 3637050; 6547997; 6556193; 6606438; 6687683; 6762318; 7521171; 7528097; 7588564; 7759598; 7873202; 7924407; 7966721; 8011628; 8216224; 8226889; 8244391; 8267879; 8365378; 8376411; 8647626; 8718849; 8732755; 8739078; 8836107; 8849841; 9042371; 9261179; 9428387; 9521649; 9580375; 9635374; 9698370; 9824262; 9880565; 10048303; 10209959; 10228625; 10512690; 10618372; 10660528; 10759471; 10829039; 11096092; 11099722; 11132933; 11161981; 11274154; 11289720; 11290389; 11295654; 11317942; 11385264; 11692021; 11735417; 11769703; 11798857; 11835318; 11916200; 11936240; 11959399; 11992569; 12023832; 12126519; 12324297; 12475184; 12477932; 12600202; 12685871; 12709365; 12736093; 12754519; 12782964; 14668352; 14687906; 14702039; 14718574; 14760718; 15014966; 15131125; 15159602; 15482730; 15489334; 15530656; 15542006; 15546506; 15612581; 15638460; 15653173; 15659365; 15718509; 15907346; 15935385; 16099106; 16137793; 16278826; 16303762; 16335952; 16424370; 16453284; 16565071; 16712791; 16892178; 16968986; 17207965; 17608807; 17690329; 17854420; 18056971; 18078695; 18248459; 18383875; 18401426; 18408372; 18842294; 18991685; 19008959; 19056867; 19165527; 19247692; 19341158; 19390575; 19525388; 19578796; 19590686; 19789190; 19907165; 19913121; 19933216; 19959196; 20117085; 20158662; 20302328; 20378355; 20444200; 20628086; 21067581; 21296644; 21674799; 21693707; 21730889; 21988832; 22079093; 22246292; 22272609; 22294107; 22806587; 22869038; 23669352; 24172014 serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 3 Ensembl:ENSG00000196136 HGNC:16 HPRD:00120 MIM:107280 Vega:OTTHUMG00000029851 Other designations: alpha-1-antichymotrypsin|cell growth-inhibiting gene 24/25 protein|growth-inhibiting protein 24|growth-inhibiting protein 25|serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor, clade A, member 3|serpin A3 SERPINA3 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ACAC ACACAD ACC ACC1 ACCA WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ACACA acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha 31 17q21 9606 17 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001894 (EC: IEA); GO_0003989 (EC: ISS); GO_0003989 (EC: TAS); GO_0004075 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16326698); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: ISS); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006084 (EC: ISS); GO_0006112 (EC: TAS); GO_0006633 (EC: ISS); GO_0006766 (EC: TAS); GO_0006767 (EC: TAS); GO_0006768 (EC: TAS); GO_0006853 (EC: TAS); GO_0019432 (EC: TAS); GO_0031325 (EC: TAS); GO_0035338 (EC: TAS); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044268 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0051289 (EC: ISS); GO_0055088 (EC: IEA); GO_2001295 (EC: IEA) PMID: 2900138; 2900140; 2906852; 7732023; 7905825; 7907095; 7915280; 8944226; 10677481; 10737800; 11052978; 12360400; 12477932; 12810950; 14643797; 15302935; 15333468; 15607423; 16169070; 16326698; 16698035; 16713569; 16794074; 16806233; 17081983; 17372234; 17521700; 17620599; 17631500; 18031993; 18056116; 18303054; 18452305; 18455495; 18487259; 18614941; 18614968; 18660489; 18678647; 18996102; 19061860; 19343720; 19380743; 19543203; 19710915; 19720090; 19723093; 19738201; 19842072; 19846279; 19913121; 20139635; 20379614; 20431927; 20457939; 20562859; 20602615; 20628086; 20877624; 20965718; 21139048; 21344388; 21471234; 21638027; 21642987; 21726077; 21890473; 21906983; 22238651; 22268729; 22505724; 22586326; 22863883; 22939629; 23000302; 23181366; 23383273; 23455922; 23535730; 23886516; 24457600 acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha Ensembl:ENSG00000132142 HGNC:84 HPRD:01938 MIM:200350 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133064 Other designations: ACC-alpha|acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1|acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase alpha ACACA Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ACC2 ACCB HACC275 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ACACB acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta 32 12q24.11 9606 12 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003989 (EC: IDA); GO_0004075 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16794074); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006084 (EC: IDA); GO_0006112 (EC: TAS); GO_0006633 (EC: IEA); GO_0006766 (EC: TAS); GO_0006767 (EC: TAS); GO_0006768 (EC: TAS); GO_0006853 (EC: TAS); GO_0009374 (EC: IEA); GO_0012505 (EC: IEA); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0031325 (EC: TAS); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0051289 (EC: IDA); GO_2001295 (EC: IEA) PMID: 8670171; 8876158; 9099716; 9148944; 9284908; 10677481; 11257506; 12086953; 12413941; 12477932; 14532170; 14613924; 14627750; 15060529; 15590647; 16054041; 16794074; 16854592; 17223360; 17521700; 18029348; 18031993; 18455495; 18976975; 18996102; 19034549; 19190759; 19322201; 19390150; 19618481; 19720090; 19846279; 19900410; 20085763; 20139635; 20168990; 20379614; 20468064; 20514549; 20519229; 20599696; 20602615; 20799892; 20855566; 20877624; 20965718; 21139048; 21344388; 21553357; 21887335; 21906983; 21908218; 21953464; 23081748; 23156397; 23455922; 23460794; 24255178 acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta Ensembl:ENSG00000076555 HGNC:85 HPRD:07044 MIM:601557 Vega:OTTHUMG00000169250 Other designations: ACC-beta|acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2|acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta ACACB Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ACOX PALMCOX SCOX WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ACOX1 acyl-CoA oxidase 1, palmitoyl 51 17q25.1 9606 17 GO_0000038 (EC: IMP, PMID:18536048); GO_0003995 (EC: IEA); GO_0003997 (EC: IDA, PMID:8117268); GO_0003997 (EC: IGI, PMID:17458872); GO_0003997 (EC: IMP, PMID:18536048); GO_0003997 (EC: TAS); GO_0005102 (EC: IPI); GO_0005504 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005777 (EC: IDA, PMID:17881773); GO_0005778 (EC: IEA); GO_0005782 (EC: TAS); GO_0006091 (EC: IMP, PMID:7876265); GO_0006629 (EC: IDA, PMID:8117268); GO_0006693 (EC: IMP, PMID:7876265); GO_0007283 (EC: IEA); GO_0016401 (EC: IDA, PMID:17603022); GO_0016401 (EC: IEA); GO_0016559 (EC: IGI); GO_0019395 (EC: IGI); GO_0019395 (EC: IMP, PMID:7876265); GO_0030165 (EC: IDA); GO_0033540 (EC: IEA); GO_0033540 (EC: IMP, PMID:18536048); GO_0033540 (EC: TAS); GO_0033559 (EC: TAS); GO_0036109 (EC: TAS); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0047485 (EC: IPI, PMID:18281296); GO_0050660 (EC: IEA); GO_0055088 (EC: IDA); GO_0055088 (EC: IGI); GO_0071949 (EC: IDA, PMID:17603022); GO_2000189 (EC: IGI) PMID:1464743; 7668838; 7876265; 8040306; 8117268; 8125298; 8159712; 8507686; 8798738; 10856712; 10960480; 11076863; 11230166; 11815777; 12477932; 14702039; 15489334; 15489336; 16381901; 16396496; 16756494; 17081983; 17458872; 17603022; 17881773; 18281296; 18536048; 18660489; 20178365; 20195242; 21139048; 22002062; 22939629 acyl-CoA oxidase 1, palmitoyl Ensembl:ENSG00000161533 HGNC:119 HPRD:02030 MIM:609751 Vega:OTTHUMG00000180027 Other designations: AOX|acyl-CoA oxidase, straight-chain|acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1, palmitoyl|palmitoyl-CoA oxidase|peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1|peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase|straight-chain acyl-CoA oxidase ACOX1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CD156 CD156a MS2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ADAM8 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 101 10q26.3 9606 10 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000902 (EC: ISS); GO_0001525 (EC: ISS); GO_0002102 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15220135); GO_0002523 (EC: ISS); GO_0002675 (EC: ISS); GO_0004222 (EC: IEA); GO_0005509 (EC: ISS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12777399); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18397961); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18397961); GO_0006954 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0008237 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12777399); GO_0008270 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18397961); GO_0009986 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0010954 (EC: NAS, PMID: 17548643); GO_0016337 (EC: IEA); GO_0022407 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0022617 (EC: TAS); GO_0030198 (EC: TAS); GO_0032010 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0032127 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0033089 (EC: ISS); GO_0035419 (EC: ISS); GO_0042581 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0043524 (EC: ISS); GO_0043621 (EC: TAS, PMID: 12777399); GO_0045780 (EC: ISS); GO_0045785 (EC: ISS); GO_0048247 (EC: ISS); GO_0050714 (EC: IC, PMID: 17548643); GO_0050839 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12777399); GO_0051044 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15220135); GO_0051092 (EC: ISS); GO_0051897 (EC: ISS); GO_0070245 (EC: ISS); GO_0070820 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_0071065 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: colocalizes_with, PMID: 15220135); GO_0071133 (EC: ISS); GO_0071456 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18566576); GO_2000309 (EC: ISS); GO_2000391 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17548643); GO_2000415 (EC: ISS); GO_2000418 (EC: ISS) PMID: 9126482; 10354553; 12135759; 12477932; 12777399; 15220135; 15574124; 15623614; 16344560; 16385451; 17339047; 17548643; 17979891; 18397961; 18566576; 18682798; 18691140; 18710625; 18811590; 19284887; 19397475; 19469654; 19575316; 19601829; 19714641; 19766586; 20453887; 20628624; 21077325; 21640993; 21679521; 21728902; 21983884; 22215309; 22229154; 22878099; 22941466; 22959284; 22965687; 23670189 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 Ensembl:ENSG00000151651 HGNC:215 HPRD:03777 MIM:602267 Vega:OTTHUMG00000019309 Other designations: a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 8|cell surface antigen MS2|disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 8|human leukocyte differentiation antigen ADAM8 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ADFP ADRP WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene PLIN2 perilipin 2 123 RP11-151J10.1 9p22.1 9606 9 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0005576 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9003395); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005783 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9003395); GO_0005811 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14741744); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0015909 (EC: IEA); GO_0019915 (EC: IEA); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 1518805; 7829101; 9003395; 9799447; 12114189; 12387890; 12477932; 12591929; 14671211; 14707038; 14741744; 15136565; 15146197; 15336557; 15489334; 15545278; 16230742; 16391323; 16489205; 16808905; 16884492; 16936283; 17200350; 17322100; 17446422; 17620659; 17927964; 18188946; 18393390; 18606814; 18624398; 18827892; 18832575; 19054096; 19169702; 19351497; 19460752; 19602560; 19638644; 19843633; 19851831; 20032580; 20118912; 20143336; 20504295; 20661576; 20887090; 21566511; 21828233; 21906983; 22238364; 22496505; 22667335; 22949030; 22952953; 23129790; 23603836; 23688400 perilipin 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000147872 HGNC:248 HPRD:00057 MIM:103195 Vega:OTTHUMG00000019624 Other designations: adipophilin|adipose differentiation-related protein|perilipin-2 PLIN2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ADH2 HEL-S-117 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ADH1B alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide 125 4q23 20140408 9606 4 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004024 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9982); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006069 (EC: IDA, PMID: 2398055); GO_0006069 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008270 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9982); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 9982; 1896463; 2169444; 2210383; 2295648; 2347582; 2398055; 2547609; 2679216; 2737681; 2935533; 2935875; 2986130; 3000832; 3006456; 3397059; 3619918; 6374651; 6391920; 8201622; 8663387; 8889548; 10424757; 10733556; 11051375; 11117576; 11238183; 11259352; 11274460; 11398342; 11410735; 11584144; 11696658; 11748356; 11781503; 11781511; 11966948; 12080432; 12081471; 12089173; 12153842; 12173598; 12189549; 12211622; 12213289; 12244546; 12351924; 12419833; 12452180; 12461493; 12477932; 12505800; 12517056; 12519453; 12545748; 12554615; 12658118; 12668919; 12710951; 12713190; 12777946; 12824748; 12884000; 12915514; 12915519; 14634838; 14693654; 14745297; 14768474; 15084894; 15162847; 15220553; 15318096; 15318112; 15327835; 15342556; 15456134; 15489334; 15511718; 15519646; 15534263; 15542751; 15597094; 15842823; 15863807; 15886702; 15902904; 15957670; 16006997; 16078602; 16086315; 16117582; 16127737; 16135443; 16163053; 16184481; 16235983; 16307179; 16309369; 16324524; 16332725; 16358724; 16385179; 16404797; 16423594; 16440362; 16520888; 16600530; 16608143; 16685648; 16702384; 16737450; 16758956; 16822169; 16930209; 16958672; 16970620; 17036331; 17071628; 17134659; 17134660; 17180580; 17185388; 17207821; 17250612; 17268812; 17279314; 17285601; 17289126; 17292341; 17293864; 17295732; 17421009; 17454860; 17471563; 17486761; 17489985; 17515815; 17517051; 17559546; 17618743; 17631643; 17762315; 17847010; 17850643; 17885622; 17923853; 17963305; 18033686; 18049455; 18056758; 18078815; 18216179; 18254707; 18266839; 18299763; 18322963; 18331377; 18336668; 18336671; 18382665; 18439068; 18500343; 18510611; 18516948; 18715275; 18761854; 18763293; 18773092; 18782342; 18784359; 18818748; 18936436; 18996923; 19019335; 19068087; 19094228; 19124091; 19124506; 19164089; 19185835; 19193628; 19250143; 19262484; 19298323; 19339270; 19343046; 19365573; 19403456; 19420105; 19449376; 19452585; 19469618; 19486361; 19527514; 19550411; 19618839; 19655364; 19667493; 19687126; 19698717; 19706845; 19751749; 19769429; 19799139; 19812523; 19826048; 19860798; 19861527; 19874574; 19887496; 19898482; 19913121; 19948975; 20010786; 20025435; 20031627; 20077761; 20101753; 20140262; 20171022; 20180859; 20205700; 20219057; 20336794; 20357489; 20401433; 20403997; 20437850; 20462248; 20477764; 20477767; 20494945; 20568895; 20598484; 20628086; 20634891; 20685249; 20700531; 20806441; 20833657; 21048924; 21133627; 21157980; 21166830; 21168396; 21284671; 21303386; 21351086; 21355870; 21378355; 21437268; 21497796; 21517275; 21576033; 21601984; 21635275; 21895720; 21917409; 21968928; 21988832; 22004471; 22048268; 22150722; 22231434; 22287615; 22292652; 22325912; 22363810; 22560290; 22674868; 22690706; 22703580; 22930414; 22931071; 22960999; 23149980; 23266708; 23285246; 23296215; 23414439; 23456092; 23468174; 23550892; 23615284; 23701534; 23743675; 23806636; 24217933 alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide HGNC:250 HPRD:00065 MIM:103720 Other designations: ADH, beta subunit|alcohol dehydrogenase 1B|alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (class I), beta polypeptide|alcohol dehydrogenase subunit beta|aldehyde reductase|epididymis secretory protein Li 117 ADH1B Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He bHLHe76 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene AHR aryl hydrocarbon receptor 196 7p15 9606 7 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000122 (EC: IEA); GO_0001568 (EC: NAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0003677 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15681594); GO_0003677 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0003700 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11782478); GO_0003705 (EC: IEA); GO_0004871 (EC: IEA); GO_0004879 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10395741); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10395741); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005667 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0006355 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10395741); GO_0006357 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15681594); GO_0006366 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10395741); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID: 12213388); GO_0006950 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7961644); GO_0007049 (EC: TAS, PMID: 12213388); GO_0008134 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9079689); GO_0009410 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7961644); GO_0010468 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15681594); GO_0030522 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10395741); GO_0030850 (EC: IEA); GO_0030888 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15681594); GO_0034752 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA); GO_0044212 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15681594); GO_0045899 (EC: IEA); GO_0046982 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0046983 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19538249); GO_0051879 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9079689) PMID: 7488247; 7515333; 7550366; 7566098; 7628454; 7716743; 7883760; 7961644; 7961671; 8074712; 8125016; 8246913; 8384309; 8393992; 8794892; 9079689; 9083006; 9111057; 9170146; 9446600; 9704006; 9712901; 9759704; 9787404; 9837941; 9887096; 9972449; 10048154; 10395741; 10428779; 10471301; 10497241; 10620335; 10644764; 10739168; 10903152; 10986286; 10999956; 11013261; 11032419; 11114727; 11207035; 11259606; 11259609; 11259615; 11393538; 11408954; 11425848; 11505220; 11689007; 11698344; 11742002; 11756572; 11768231; 11782478; 11805098; 11835227; 11866883; 12024042; 12065584; 12139968; 12181450; 12200463; 12203118; 12213388; 12213390; 12215427; 12237327; 12477932; 12480531; 12520072; 12566446; 12586752; 12592376; 12597446; 12612060; 12637498; 12690205; 12730383; 12774124; 12837759; 12852830; 12853948; 12917420; 14550747; 14560034; 14634838; 14973392; 14978034; 14985336; 15026081; 15069065; 15123621; 15190133; 15342792; 15474075; 15489334; 15499202; 15572374; 15641800; 15681594; 15728486; 15758562; 15774926; 15837795; 15863442; 15897893; 15917307; 15964790; 16084889; 16091746; 16103451; 16109480; 16153594; 16257957; 16337337; 16403814; 16480812; 16481407; 16538170; 16582008; 16619036; 16675542; 16762319; 16891617; 16922649; 16952353; 16985026; 16985033; 17053541; 17140257; 17174437; 17200336; 17209571; 17223712; 17244640; 17311112; 17392787; 17429315; 17490615; 17498780; 17502624; 17511620; 17552871; 17559847; 17596880; 17642299; 17823287; 17823304; 17900530; 17963696; 18029348; 18037991; 18059014; 18065768; 18259752; 18302886; 18303622; 18358233; 18359762; 18433817; 18483242; 18510611; 18515748; 18524851; 18628420; 18632753; 18636124; 18676680; 18677463; 18708059; 18708364; 18818557; 18923163; 18990750; 19013013; 19018768; 19027718; 19034627; 19114668; 19138996; 19158084; 19170196; 19255421; 19333233; 19340314; 19356061; 19356098; 19358281; 19360915; 19371443; 19380484; 19390533; 19415745; 19447902; 19460354; 19463884; 19465936; 19535631; 19536146; 19538249; 19556287; 19574409; 19592671; 19625176; 19651607; 19690180; 19692168; 19726680; 19736056; 19755661; 19789301; 19815066; 19821039; 19917880; 19941898; 20000589; 20032195; 20044593; 20053997; 20064835; 20130088; 20140206; 20146706; 20171126; 20237496; 20301892; 20354149; 20395535; 20401977; 20453000; 20460431; 20511231; 20619336; 20634891; 20676092; 20709182; 20804740; 20823264; 20878756; 20973933; 21072210; 21081473; 21205295; 21262915; 21316925; 21357676; 21374063; 21441140; 21462134; 21486221; 21490707; 21600206; 21613234; 21627536; 21640702; 21689841; 21693764; 21742528; 21804081; 21828262; 21878739; 21886157; 21906983; 21963094; 21976023; 21987572; 21988832; 21996739; 22052373; 22053597; 22071320; 22123295; 22138065; 22235307; 22273977; 22296396; 22311706; 22361730; 22388733; 22486318; 22495716; 22495806; 22539616; 22553215; 22596188; 22628113; 22649193; 22728919; 22754483; 22759865; 22761424; 22840970; 22854411; 22903824; 22915253; 23022626; 23030067; 23037589; 23141164; 23208493; 23228475; 23229511; 23288144; 23317198; 23370907; 23382382; 23419638; 23430108; 23439269; 23452206; 23492908; 23528250; 23583297; 23604401; 23614276; 23614742; 23723449; 23733406; 23802610; 23831623; 23994556; 24023334; 24091107; 24106308; 24302727; 24309559; 24316275; 24355420; 24380854 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Ensembl:ENSG00000106546 HGNC:348 HPRD:02596 MIM:600253 Vega:OTTHUMG00000149967 Other designations: AH-receptor|ah receptor|aromatic hydrocarbon receptor|class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76 AHR Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AKT CWS6 PKB PKB-ALPHA PRKBA RAC RAC-ALPHA WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene AKT1 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 207 14q32.32 9606 14 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000060 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16280327); GO_0001649 (EC: IEA); GO_0001893 (EC: IEA); GO_0001934 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19057511); GO_0001938 (EC: IMP, PMID: 19850054); GO_0004672 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10570282); GO_0004674 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10102273); GO_0004674 (EC: TAS); GO_0005080 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 11154276); GO_0005524 (EC: IC, PMID: 11994271); GO_0005524 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16540465); GO_0005547 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19203586); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005634 (EC: TAS); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19203586); GO_0005737 (EC: ISS); GO_0005737 (EC: TAS); GO_0005819 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14749367); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005978 (EC: IEA); GO_0005979 (EC: IMP, PMID: 8940145); GO_0006006 (EC: IEA); GO_0006412 (EC: IEA); GO_0006417 (EC: IEA); GO_0006464 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10570282); GO_0006468 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11994271); GO_0006469 (EC: IMP, PMID: 9373175); GO_0006469 (EC: ISS); GO_0006809 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10376602); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006924 (EC: IMP, PMID: 14749367); GO_0006954 (EC: IEA); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS); GO_0007173 (EC: TAS); GO_0007186 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10570282); GO_0007281 (EC: IEA); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0007596 (EC: TAS); GO_0008283 (EC: TAS); GO_0008286 (EC: IMP, PMID: 8978681); GO_0008543 (EC: TAS); GO_0008637 (EC: IEA); GO_0009408 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10958679); GO_0010467 (EC: TAS); GO_0010507 (EC: IMP, PMID: 18387192); GO_0010748 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0010765 (EC: IEA); GO_0010907 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0010951 (EC: IMP, PMID: 18387192); GO_0010975 (EC: ISS); GO_0015630 (EC: IDA); GO_0015758 (EC: IEA); GO_0016070 (EC: TAS); GO_0016071 (EC: TAS); GO_0016301 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14749367); GO_0016310 (EC: IDA); GO_0016567 (EC: IEA); GO_0018105 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16139227); GO_0019899 (EC: ISS); GO_0030030 (EC: IEA); GO_0030154 (EC: TAS); GO_0030163 (EC: IEA); GO_0030168 (EC: TAS); GO_0030212 (EC: IEA); GO_0030235 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10376603); GO_0030307 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19203586); GO_0030334 (EC: IMP, PMID: 19934221); GO_0030334 (EC: TAS); GO_0031018 (EC: TAS); GO_0031295 (EC: TAS); GO_0031659 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18483258); GO_0031999 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0032094 (EC: IEA); GO_0032270 (EC: ISS); GO_0032287 (EC: IEA); GO_0032436 (EC: IEA); GO_0032869 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0032869 (EC: ISS); GO_0033138 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19667065); GO_0034405 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10376603); GO_0035556 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14749367); GO_0038095 (EC: TAS); GO_0042593 (EC: IEA); GO_0042640 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI, PMID: 7891724); GO_0043065 (EC: IEA); GO_0043066 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19203586); GO_0043154 (EC: ISS); GO_0043325 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19203586); GO_0043491 (EC: IEA); GO_0043536 (EC: IDA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045429 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10376603); GO_0045600 (EC: IMP, PMID: 8940145); GO_0045725 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0045725 (EC: NAS, PMID: 17925406); GO_0045792 (EC: IEA); GO_0045861 (EC: IMP, PMID: 18387192); GO_0045907 (EC: IEA); GO_0045944 (EC: IEA); GO_0046209 (EC: TAS); GO_0046326 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0046329 (EC: IEA); GO_0046777 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16280327); GO_0046889 (EC: IMP, PMID: 8940145); GO_0048009 (EC: IMP, PMID: 8978681); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0048015 (EC: TAS); GO_0050999 (EC: TAS); GO_0051000 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10376603); GO_0051091 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19057511); GO_0051146 (EC: IEA); GO_0060644 (EC: TAS); GO_0060709 (EC: IEA); GO_0060716 (EC: IEA); GO_0061024 (EC: TAS); GO_0070141 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18483258); GO_0071260 (EC: IEA); GO_0071364 (EC: IEA); GO_0071456 (EC: IEA); GO_0071889 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10102273); GO_0090004 (EC: IMP, PMID: 8940145); GO_0090201 (EC: ISS); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097194 (EC: IEA); GO_1900740 (EC: TAS); GO_1901976 (EC: TAS); GO_1902176 (EC: NAS, PMID: 16604263); GO_2001240 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10748004) PMID: 1533586; 1718748; 1851997; 3037531; 3384441; 7774014; 7891724; 8524413; 8940145; 8978681; 9005852; 9019819; 9312003; 9368760; 9373175; 9381178; 9394803; 9395488; 9512493; 9736715; 9768361; 9812896; 9829964; 9973250; 10082674; 10085094; 10102273; 10217147; 10224060; 10226025; 10358014; 10376602; 10376603; 10438924; 10454575; 10485710; 10485711; 10490823; 10490848; 10491192; 10497255; 10527852; 10542266; 10570282; 10576742; 10617634; 10635328; 10698680; 10748004; 10833263; 10866658; 10869359; 10869418; 10872470; 10896934; 10910062; 10926925; 10930578; 10958679; 10983986; 10995457; 11035810; 11042204; 11116148; 11139588; 11154276; 11154281; 11156376; 11156964; 11162552; 11208609; 11274386; 11278835; 11278894; 11313365; 11313479; 11404460; 11410590; 11410591; 11425855; 11438723; 11445557; 11500364; 11504915; 11508278; 11509608; 11535620; 11546794; 11579209; 11583630; 11585925; 11598301; 11689711; 11696579; 11707444; 11707464; 11710897; 11715018; 11723139; 11756412; 11773441; 11777913; 11782427; 11809791; 11825911; 11828257; 11855836; 11877387; 11884598; 11902142; 11903042; 11923280; 11956222; 11960368; 11976320; 11994271; 11994280; 12009899; 12011046; 12042314; 12062056; 12062094; 12070137; 12077256; 12112022; 12124386; 12138087; 12138205; 12145204; 12149249; 12150915; 12167664; 12167717; 12176337; 12176338; 12176997; 12194869; 12218048; 12244133; 12244301; 12244302; 12244303; 12297295; 12376533; 12393747; 12438239; 12446767; 12446787; 12446789; 12458207; 12477932; 12524439; 12527373; 12529294; 12535517; 12586360; 12592338; 12621049; 12637511; 12722480; 12727836; 12734380; 12741986; 12750378; 12757707; 12768030; 12782295; 12783873; 12791994; 12808085; 12808093; 12853467; 12874217; 12888921; 12919677; 12952968; 12972603; 14499622; 14500673; 14505491; 14520710; 14523021; 14534536; 14560023; 14566704; 14568991; 14611643; 14612949; 14623889; 14625285; 14636889; 14645242; 14645548; 14647146; 14657000; 14679206; 14702039; 14713953; 14742298; 14749367; 14749388; 14749719; 14755253; 14761976; 14970221; 14973226; 14985374; 15001646; 15010337; 15016818; 15026145; 15047604; 15047866; 15060171; 15067058; 15102693; 15115729; 15118108; 15136501; 15146197; 15149849; 15156201; 15173318; 15183529; 15187088; 15187138; 15194442; 15203190; 15217935; 15231831; 15242771; 15262962; 15262978; 15263908; 15271644; 15283964; 15284024; 15306850; 15316080; 15326564; 15331441; 15342781; 15342917; 15385469; 15388791; 15389633; 15459205; 15465021; 15467757; 15470047; 15475446; 15489334; 15492215; 15522255; 15525681; 15527798; 15533996; 15539407; 15545269; 15545271; 15545519; 15546863; 15572689; 15574337; 15580267; 15581622; 15607733; 15609321; 15616007; 15665327; 15665818; 15668028; 15678105; 15688030; 15689238; 15705789; 15710591; 15718470; 15722337; 15723049; 15743789; 15778376; 15784622; 15800029; 15802268; 15806160; 15808505; 15809304; 15817639; 15818404; 15831676; 15833736; 15837948; 15840729; 15843522; 15845076; 15845651; 15856005; 15861136; 15879168; 15888491; 15896313; 15896703; 15905178; 15910284; 15911620; 15922745; 15961723; 15982448; 15987444; 15993382; 15994200; 15998799; 16007092; 16007163; 16007172; 16007182; 16009706; 16012720; 16019536; 16026766; 16027121; 16027165; 16027169; 16036916; 16049004; 16049961; 16055703; 16076959; 16091017; 16098514; 16099944; 16107690; 16114056; 16115861; 16123141; 16128748; 16139227; 16141217; 16142341; 16148125; 16160160; 16163388; 16174774; 16177823; 16186112; 16202996; 16210317; 16216590; 16224021; 16243840; 16263580; 16272144; 16274701; 16278380; 16280327; 16282323; 16293694; 16338927; 16354698; 16362038; 16365168; 16373405; 16395129; 16405925; 16407258; 16407271; 16412424; 16417524; 16428439; 16434970; 16453020; 16466644; 16474850; 16478297; 16508008; 16524887; 16532026; 16532036; 16537497; 16540465; 16543232; 16549426; 16551632; 16564100; 16568092; 16571745; 16583435; 16601838; 16603397; 16604263; 16613989; 16616456; 16644866; 16651639; 16670089; 16682946; 16684529; 16723503; 16732486; 16763222; 16774943; 16775835; 16785234; 16790501; 16790529; 16792529; 16797529; 16814735; 16818690; 16820098; 16820947; 16822839; 16836907; 16839745; 16840713; 16841089; 16842970; 16844778; 16849522; 16862180; 16897758; 16912864; 16916907; 16926151; 16932738; 16946008; 16951146; 16962653; 16972255; 16977260; 16981720; 16982329; 16987028; 16987250; 16988010; 16990258; 17006541; 17006756; 17008323; 17012749; 17015676; 17016437; 17024099; 17030608; 17041888; 17043653; 17050554; 17052453; 17060455; 17065200; 17068339; 17081983; 17088265; 17097759; 17098228; 17099727; 17113264; 17128418; 17136479; 17136481; 17141917; 17143278; 17148458; 17151107; 17157319; 17169805; 17173971; 17179152; 17210635; 17214972; 17215852; 17233643; 17235455; 17244606; 17274640; 17276404; 17287851; 17299206; 17300918; 17307335; 17310852; 17317726; 17317825; 17318185; 17318262; 17333095; 17335965; 17342093; 17349711; 17351066; 17360849; 17375124; 17383860; 17386267; 17400190; 17404186; 17406055; 17428466; 17443665; 17458890; 17461449; 17462862; 17468516; 17469127; 17470458; 17471535; 17478078; 17483438; 17493174; 17495954; 17495959; 17501982; 17504381; 17505062; 17507655; 17507800; 17512923; 17513297; 17513702; 17520698; 17521720; 17522055; 17522703; 17533377; 17535800; 17544405; 17544543; 17546049; 17549359; 17551921; 17553806; 17554339; 17565979; 17566113; 17569669; 17577629; 17580302; 17581609; 17584963; 17594810; 17599831; 17599906; 17601486; 17606718; 17609269; 17611497; 17612563; 17615157; 17616681; 17616684; 17616691; 17635910; 17638918; 17666398; 17681738; 17687643; 17696196; 17706139; 17712528; 17716861; 17721885; 17721920; 17725107; 17726016; 17761832; 17804197; 17804734; 17822324; 17823925; 17825267; 17825284; 17826033; 17827393; 17855350; 17868340; 17883592; 17890457; 17891137; 17892507; 17895832; 17898861; 17901375; 17906677; 17909223; 17914025; 17914096; 17915974; 17921701; 17924977; 17925406; 17925408; 17927847; 17928528; 17932490; 17935714; 17950696; 17951252; 17957242; 17959676; 17960583; 17962807; 17977950; 18021174; 18023414; 18029348; 18035048; 18037896; 18041764; 18046412; 18048359; 18048937; 18053070; 18059161; 18063683; 18064631; 18071906; 18072631; 18079201; 18083769; 18087195; 18097023; 18167217; 18172656; 18174256; 18182168; 18182859; 18184439; 18187454; 18187620; 18191226; 18194602; 18197291; 18198266; 18199533; 18199536; 18201823; 18204201; 18204829; 18216097; 18227124; 18231751; 18240972; 18247380; 18249092; 18256540; 18262492; 18264090; 18270579; 18273051; 18292230; 18300076; 18309287; 18316593; 18317451; 18319625; 18323784; 18331557; 18332138; 18332867; 18332868; 18339899; 18351386; 18353776; 18355439; 18355897; 18356162; 18374639; 18387192; 18392055; 18395956; 18395980; 18398749; 18400376; 18404535; 18409144; 18410456; 18411301; 18413665; 18420583; 18425364; 18434090; 18437054; 18439422; 18440314; 18450971; 18451027; 18451140; 18458059; 18458087; 18466879; 18469852; 18479604; 18483258; 18483275; 18487214; 18487454; 18490760; 18495460; 18497887; 18499442; 18504432; 18505677; 18505846; 18509361; 18512729; 18519641; 18519679; 18524825; 18550470; 18552504; 18562279; 18562319; 18566587; 18574502; 18583979; 18593948; 18596081; 18606817; 18611285; 18611860; 18617528; 18622039; 18624398; 18625725; 18635704; 18635812; 18639865; 18640717; 18644989; 18644990; 18650932; 18660489; 18665177; 18668138; 18673414; 18676680; 18676830; 18676874; 18678286; 18682509; 18686341; 18687691; 18689794; 18701703; 18701709; 18711014; 18711316; 18713840; 18714568; 18718903; 18720410; 18723000; 18725974; 18728011; 18728784; 18754328; 18767116; 18769058; 18769147; 18769720; 18771702; 18774962; 18776922; 18782222; 18782353; 18783292; 18790560; 18794113; 18798227; 18798258; 18802038; 18813808; 18813944; 18824170; 18826385; 18826950; 18829502; 18838169; 18838251; 18838536; 18841391; 18844239; 18855532; 18922901; 18924134; 18931307; 18936167; 18937284; 18948104; 18948272; 18949384; 18954143; 18974133; 18976975; 18981248; 18981303; 18996102; 18996844; 19002588; 19010915; 19011679; 19017490; 19017978; 19018001; 19020711; 19020728; 19029952; 19048112; 19050243; 19050262; 19051289; 19054571; 19057511; 19058874; 19059380; 19062713; 19067848; 19068477; 19068483; 19070520; 19073147; 19074768; 19074832; 19074868; 19074885; 19074894; 19078992; 19079342; 19091404; 19095734; 19098000; 19103742; 19107873; 19109741; 19110052; 19114998; 19115062; 19116269; 19116273; 19118218; 19124015; 19132987; 19136058; 19138978; 19142871; 19142997; 19144640; 19147496; 19147772; 19151754; 19158829; 19160403; 19162005; 19164214; 19170196; 19176054; 19176518; 19176689; 19179443; 19188658; 19193378; 19201817; 19203586; 19219602; 19219857; 19224164; 19229860; 19236051; 19239323; 19240722; 19240976; 19250936; 19250983; 19261608; 19261616; 19262695; 19267882; 19270310; 19270694; 19270695; 19276265; 19278624; 19286607; 19303863; 19318457; 19323811; 19324870; 19328625; 19339247; 19353338; 19356729; 19357198; 19367581; 19376889; 19377290; 19389506; 19405949; 19406989; 19407222; 19409087; 19415690; 19417030; 19418217; 19420344; 19428048; 19429661; 19435822; 19437103; 19447872; 19453261; 19453843; 19457567; 19458356; 19461960; 19473116; 19473971; 19479051; 19479902; 19481529; 19482076; 19483721; 19484147; 19487299; 19488783; 19489223; 19491896; 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19882362; 19885574; 19885581; 19887561; 19887570; 19889638; 19889640; 19891769; 19897009; 19898424; 19903888; 19913121; 19917135; 19920252; 19922411; 19924282; 19925030; 19926313; 19931325; 19933775; 19934221; 19935854; 19940129; 19948975; 19953087; 19954644; 19956840; 19956847; 19965664; 19966853; 19995607; 19997873; 20003467; 20005908; 20008098; 20008289; 20012528; 20018888; 20018937; 20018949; 20019835; 20019839; 20022634; 20026048; 20026773; 20028853; 20030877; 20033742; 20041213; 20041238; 20042122; 20046382; 20048146; 20053726; 20054340; 20055757; 20056178; 20059950; 20067111; 20072648; 20081374; 20086095; 20086174; 20088406; 20093341; 20098747; 20100200; 20101210; 20102399; 20103602; 20106550; 20107185; 20109457; 20110348; 20126987; 20127017; 20127709; 20132317; 20133737; 20141546; 20154081; 20157733; 20159991; 20164223; 20164304; 20173664; 20182617; 20186153; 20186503; 20187936; 20190811; 20198299; 20201953; 20214684; 20216540; 20228224; 20231902; 20232298; 20237237; 20301425; 20306497; 20307589; 20308328; 20332111; 20333297; 20333651; 20336670; 20339081; 20339252; 20346214; 20346360; 20347887; 20354121; 20360004; 20361045; 20361981; 20362557; 20368287; 20371257; 20372801; 20372806; 20383191; 20388781; 20389136; 20395438; 20398329; 20400976; 20400979; 20407443; 20410674; 20412774; 20414143; 20416077; 20417028; 20419107; 20421846; 20432460; 20432929; 20436671; 20447721; 20453000; 20457218; 20458733; 20459571; 20471940; 20478633; 20484047; 20488790; 20490331; 20492754; 20493625; 20506505; 20506537; 20509930; 20512574; 20512787; 20513428; 20514448; 20514451; 20516073; 20520724; 20523723; 20525693; 20526288; 20530239; 20530298; 20530554; 20530982; 20534535; 20536315; 20541701; 20555032; 20557351; 20560677; 20562913; 20566894; 20574456; 20578837; 20585556; 20585984; 20586915; 20592362; 20595063; 20600027; 20605778; 20607350; 20620179; 20622004; 20622047; 20623644; 20628086; 20643654; 20648653; 20651405; 20657188; 20661303; 20671123; 20672329; 20679348; 20682768; 20687898; 20688159; 20693286; 20697673; 20703095; 20723296; 20725137; 20726858; 20731018; 20734064; 20805333; 20808831; 20818434; 20818790; 20826237; 20829512; 20837477; 20838929; 20844931; 20854947; 20856200; 20860430; 20863633; 20864106; 20872231; 20878056; 20886116; 20886414; 20921115; 20940316; 20947498; 20956948; 20957008; 20957047; 20959404; 20975834; 20978158; 20980511; 20980808; 21029719; 21035469; 21035497; 21040950; 21041608; 21042744; 21042767; 21044950; 21045156; 21045158; 21045808; 21048031; 21049487; 21059203; 21061022; 21062993; 21075859; 21078168; 21082206; 21087080; 21092549; 21093899; 21106245; 21110830; 21113787; 21118808; 21127195; 21127264; 21129241; 21131356; 21135252; 21139048; 21151116; 21151390; 21159778; 21168265; 21169559; 21177249; 21177334; 21185392; 21191179; 21209368; 21212269; 21212275; 21228233; 21238503; 21242970; 21253589; 21254169; 21255011; 21263216; 21266843; 21276823; 21284870; 21288887; 21289304; 21289308; 21290341; 21294052; 21295396; 21297666; 21308747; 21309701; 21320536; 21321111; 21321378; 21325624; 21333377; 21334199; 21339740; 21343617; 21355052; 21358672; 21365510; 21370247; 21380726; 21385902; 21390332; 21391741; 21394210; 21396404; 21405945; 21406404; 21407808; 21412012; 21423810; 21430300; 21432781; 21436142; 21437936; 21440011; 21440577; 21442372; 21444773; 21445305; 21454528; 21454539; 21454620; 21460223; 21464307; 21464312; 21464729; 21468601; 21474332; 21474915; 21478156; 21480388; 21482133; 21483469; 21487020; 21490677; 21499215; 21501368; 21507933; 21513698; 21521253; 21532145; 21536374; 21539865; 21557211; 21566129; 21570709; 21590431; 21592330; 21592956; 21606541; 21609291; 21621563; 21623170; 21624038; 21632881; 21633372; 21646299; 21646525; 21658387; 21659549; 21660042; 21667138; 21669872; 21670080; 21673026; 21673516; 21680733; 21685937; 21696297; 21697490; 21701506; 21705328; 21707707; 21708191; 21709150; 21713404; 21715568; 21718677; 21720709; 21722267; 21732363; 21741444; 21742779; 21742938; 21750652; 21757645; 21757743; 21763505; 21765914; 21767636; 21775008; 21775054; 21775285; 21775495; 21775978; 21777568; 21777670; 21778238; 21788944; 21793738; 21794903; 21799016; 21819378; 21824802; 21828040; 21828127; 21832049; 21837363; 21837670; 21840940; 21842521; 21849454; 21855541; 21856935; 21859846; 21862580; 21868077; 21869603; 21872252; 21873248; 21873430; 21874010; 21878648; 21878679; 21880746; 21881167; 21884932; 21887250; 21890473; 21890492; 21900206; 21901101; 21906983; 21908613; 21908615; 21908616; 21910869; 21913799; 21914810; 21915031; 21915327; 21925532; 21930127; 21939655; 21945955; 21949775; 21954225; 21959954; 21975932; 21975935; 21978279; 21980128; 21987722; 21991300; 21994334; 22005766; 22014666; 22021428; 22029423; 22031597; 22031698; 22033727; 22045027; 22051934; 22070874; 22072736; 22084251; 22093097; 22094587; 22095135; 22105580; 22107784; 22116552; 22116667; 22117074; 22131882; 22140653; 22146375; 22146979; 22150081; 22169232; 22171994; 22173970; 22174934; 22183914; 22184110; 22185283; 22189542; 22192357; 22198382; 22199277; 22199300; 22199303; 22208359; 22213015; 22213475; 22231444; 22234835; 22235305; 22249415; 22251423; 22268450; 22270359; 22271581; 22277669; 22280833; 22285928; 22297255; 22301279; 22309289; 22314363; 22315412; 22328503; 22328975; 22334668; 22335196; 22336203; 22337773; 22339676; 22340730; 22343475; 22345097; 22351695; 22354785; 22360859; 22363436; 22363598; 22366458; 22375056; 22384056; 22384099; 22384145; 22389405; 22391209; 22391563; 22393424; 22394200; 22394497; 22394561; 22410793; 22417847; 22426999; 22430898; 22445357; 22451658; 22455883; 22457005; 22463491; 22465665; 22471665; 22480519; 22480544; 22487681; 22488590; 22491319; 22494103; 22496232; 22505016; 22508044; 22525159; 22532149; 22535956; 22539090; 22547695; 22552281; 22552284; 22554284; 22562131; 22563025; 22563076; 22567126; 22569334; 22569400; 22571340; 22575839; 22577119; 22588279; 22590527; 22591684; 22607554; 22614013; 22619175; 22626691; 22647853; 22648906; 22674407; 22675553; 22682934; 22685591; 22687243; 22705004; 22706160; 22727668; 22728329; 22740686; 22748472; 22752602; 22760211; 22768179; 22805337; 22808143; 22809628; 22815832; 22831980; 22833150; 22837212; 22840496; 22842582; 22875023; 22876373; 22895070; 22895078; 22896661; 22897592; 22901187; 22904195; 22905202; 22905203; 22907434; 22910909; 22923366; 22928011; 22929028; 22936801; 22938585; 22945510; 22952709; 22954457; 22957045; 22961111; 22964641; 22967500; 22975685; 22990118; 22995914; 23021375; 23035900; 23039130; 23041284; 23043959; 23046567; 23047954; 23060458; 23069661; 23082158; 23092880; 23092893; 23095753; 23097134; 23107319; 23112296; 23125486; 23127761; 23133535; 23134728; 23135917; 23135998; 23138182; 23147115; 23167739; 23169238; 23176396; 23182717; 23185040; 23188060; 23192081; 23192871; 23195959; 23200933; 23205493; 23208492; 23225414; 23227138; 23235274; 23236232; 23237847; 23246288; 23249714; 23255608; 23261389; 23271397; 23272133; 23280503; 23297824; 23300340; 23300741; 23303682; 23314850; 23315288; 23318419; 23319332; 23321169; 23325864; 23334667; 23338526; 23340251; 23340270; 23348505; 23352210; 23354687; 23354912; 23379509; 23380710; 23383273; 23384770; 23386617; 23389849; 23409016; 23409128; 23417403; 23418602; 23419514; 23421998; 23424671; 23429328; 23430973; 23434580; 23437141; 23440515; 23442539; 23444215; 23457304; 23457334; 23459592; 23463506; 23463670; 23474367; 23499907; 23504323; 23507869; 23511556; 23512990; 23521913; 23525579; 23546174; 23546450; 23546602; 23547889; 23553960; 23558942; 23561972; 23563091; 23563706; 23567263; 23574721; 23580656; 23583197; 23603894; 23613227; 23615537; 23615713; 23624506; 23625205; 23626817; 23629924; 23639623; 23640046; 23667466; 23677479; 23684008; 23685151; 23686362; 23708780; 23710442; 23710710; 23711387; 23724143; 23725225; 23726842; 23728071; 23740762; 23741320; 23742646; 23743572; 23754751; 23757022; 23765166; 23786162; 23788636; 23791833; 23792459; 23792604; 23796964; 23811754; 23812726; 23824745; 23832540; 23838801; 23840064; 23841076; 23843462; 23852728; 23863161; 23867821; 23869765; 23876532; 23884311; 23884447; 23884910; 23886157; 23896866; 23898095; 23923067; 23934627; 23996929; 24001613; 24005670; 24015256; 24030155; 24081328; 24095799; 24099783; 24113181; 24120917; 24152492; 24154876; 24157255; 24225136; 24297901; 24314632; 24321521; 24458280; 24600969 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000142208 HGNC:391 HPRD:01261 MIM:164730 Vega:OTTHUMG00000170795 Other designations: PKB alpha|RAC-PK-alpha|RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase|protein kinase B alpha|proto-oncogene c-Akt|rac protein kinase alpha AKT1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He HIHGHH PKBB PKBBETA PRKBB RAC-BETA WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene AKT2 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 208 19q13.1-q13.2 9606 19 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001934 (EC: ISS); GO_0004674 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16540465); GO_0004674 (EC: TAS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10490823); GO_0005524 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16540465); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005634 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005886 (EC: ISS); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005938 (EC: ISS); GO_0005978 (EC: IEA); GO_0006006 (EC: IEA); GO_0006417 (EC: IEA); GO_0006464 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1409633); GO_0006915 (EC: IEA); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS); GO_0008286 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0008286 (EC: TAS); GO_0008643 (EC: IEA); GO_0010748 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0010907 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0016301 (EC: TAS); GO_0030334 (EC: TAS); GO_0031340 (EC: ISS); GO_0032000 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0032287 (EC: IEA); GO_0032587 (EC: ISS); GO_0032859 (EC: IEA); GO_0032869 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0045444 (EC: TAS); GO_0045725 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0046326 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16814735); GO_0060644 (EC: TAS); GO_0061024 (EC: TAS); GO_0065002 (EC: ISS); GO_0071156 (EC: TAS); GO_0072659 (EC: IEA); GO_0090314 (EC: ISS); GO_2000147 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17332325); GO_2001275 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1409633; 1801921; 3037531; 8622988; 8889548; 9374542; 9394803; 9512493; 9528769; 9736715; 10490823; 10491192; 10869418; 10983986; 11139588; 11156964; 11208609; 11278835; 11313479; 11432835; 11445557; 11500317; 11507039; 11546794; 11707444; 11781143; 11903042; 11948187; 11988487; 11994280; 12048203; 12114503; 12149249; 12167664; 12176337; 12176997; 12181350; 12434148; 12477932; 12480711; 12482965; 12517337; 12517798; 12524439; 12545160; 12663464; 12697749; 12733712; 12791994; 12808085; 14500673; 14504284; 14612499; 14637151; 14645242; 14654898; 14699494; 14702039; 14735903; 14973226; 15010337; 15070827; 15102693; 15111130; 15144186; 15146197; 15166380; 15314020; 15489334; 15531580; 15557754; 15616007; 15678105; 15689238; 15890450; 15987444; 16221682; 16365168; 16402276; 16524887; 16540465; 16814735; 16841089; 16982699; 17012749; 17030088; 17157319; 17276404; 17327441; 17332325; 17349711; 17372934; 17482291; 17535800; 17576055; 17577629; 17804734; 17825284; 17895832; 17908691; 17914025; 17962807; 18048359; 18187620; 18281467; 18300076; 18316591; 18353613; 18660489; 18768676; 18826950; 18842333; 18996102; 19064572; 19074768; 19075230; 19079138; 19110052; 19164214; 19197940; 19261608; 19435822; 19453261; 19479051; 19713527; 19771908; 19797172; 19825827; 19843246; 19875456; 19913121; 19933843; 20012528; 20018949; 20019835; 20041213; 20056178; 20056908; 20059950; 20102399; 20109457; 20116920; 20133737; 20167810; 20186503; 20354455; 20398329; 20409325; 20447721; 20514445; 20602615; 20628086; 20661303; 20687898; 20688159; 20691427; 20818790; 20848774; 20856200; 21029719; 21048031; 21050850; 21092549; 21179235; 21182834; 21297943; 21423810; 21432781; 21483469; 21507933; 21518566; 21590431; 21606541; 21618512; 21636708; 21680733; 21697490; 21722267; 21763505; 21765914; 21832049; 21890473; 21906983; 21932427; 21979934; 21979951; 21988832; 22031698; 22107784; 22158034; 22261254; 22480544; 22556379; 22748472; 22778840; 22809628; 22904195; 22939624; 22952844; 23018889; 23092922; 23250987; 23305873; 23321478; 23444369; 23468863; 23567263; 23777806; 24030155; 24056770; 24250222; 24321521 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000105221 HGNC:392 HPRD:01262 MIM:164731 Vega:OTTHUMG00000137375 Other designations: PKB beta|RAC-PK-beta|RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase|murine thymoma viral (v-akt) homolog-2|protein kinase Akt-2|protein kinase B beta|rac protein kinase beta AKT2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALAS ALAS3 ALASH MIG4 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ALAS1 aminolevulinate, delta-, synthase 1 211 OK/SW-cl.121 3p21.1 9606 3 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003870 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005759 (EC: TAS); GO_0006778 (EC: TAS); GO_0006782 (EC: IEA); GO_0006783 (EC: TAS); GO_0030170 (EC: IEA); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 2095458; 2263504; 2347585; 3671094; 7698013; 8424176; 11267664; 11566198; 11929042; 11929048; 12433930; 12477932; 12878157; 15028279; 15123725; 15477213; 15489334; 15547665; 15710391; 15797241; 16234850; 16730941; 16751776; 17628775; 17672918; 18029348; 18719978; 19460752; 19477221; 19656447; 19913121; 20237496; 20628086; 20877624; 21048031; 21659532; 21900206; 21906983; 21926972; 21963094; 21987572; 21988832; 22505724; 23024262; 23974872; 24250222 aminolevulinate, delta-, synthase 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000023330 HGNC:396 HPRD:00505 MIM:125290 Vega:OTTHUMG00000158108 Other designations: 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial|5-aminolevulinic acid synthase 1|ALAS-H|delta-ALA synthase 1|delta-aminolevulinate synthase 1|migration-inducing protein 4 ALAS1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALDC ALDH-E1 ALDH1 ALDH11 HEL-9 HEL-S-53e HEL12 PUMB1 RALDH1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ALDH1A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 216 RP11-151D14.2 9q21.13 9606 9 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001758 (EC: IEA); GO_0004029 (EC: EXP); GO_0005099 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1709013); GO_0005497 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1709013); GO_0005737 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2987944); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006069 (EC: TAS); GO_0006081 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1709013); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0032320 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1709013); GO_0042572 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867) PMID: 224930; 730161; 1709013; 2591967; 2776714; 2987944; 3013004; 3397064; 3676276; 4015823; 6427007; 6723659; 8214422; 8493914; 9166904; 9240474; 9723161; 12081471; 12174908; 12477932; 14506398; 14678778; 15489334; 15597079; 15852347; 16189514; 16857736; 16878979; 17175089; 17222227; 17286337; 17502835; 17628022; 18029348; 18082256; 18331377; 18343808; 18371393; 18450747; 18496131; 18644979; 18848913; 18854779; 19018242; 19025616; 19056867; 19129088; 19296407; 19329942; 19343046; 19385968; 19447584; 19450560; 19478994; 19696793; 19703508; 19706361; 19774675; 19808966; 19874574; 19911270; 20010854; 20019840; 20142235; 20228222; 20379614; 20422001; 20516116; 20585849; 20596639; 20606680; 20634891; 20889728; 20959018; 20959469; 21045151; 21098716; 21118965; 21231983; 21282737; 21336637; 21371077; 21399615; 21441790; 21482329; 21695188; 21708005; 21804471; 21827011; 21907803; 21988832; 22005464; 22012766; 22014057; 22080062; 22098156; 22101256; 22115706; 22123295; 22131125; 22195027; 22260461; 22380773; 22417385; 22430847; 22544210; 22581680; 22591209; 22608744; 22617249; 22649953; 22710732; 22725270; 22782852; 22877687; 22878609; 22887839; 22899292; 22928012; 22930220; 22938492; 23084350; 23112116; 23132408; 23220285; 23236537; 23252868; 23267077; 23295229; 23332924; 23434145; 23438482; 23454351; 23465277; 23483187; 23585015; 23759596; 23762304; 23787917; 23799031; 23805041; 23845466; 24043631; 24080087; 24120944; 24289252; 24511023 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Ensembl:ENSG00000165092 HGNC:402 HPRD:00001 MIM:100640 Vega:OTTHUMG00000020019 Other designations: ALDH class 1|ALHDII|RALDH 1|acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1|aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, soluble|aldehyde dehydrogenase, liver cytosolic|epididymis luminal protein 12|epididymis luminal protein 9|epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 53e|retinal dehydrogenase 1|retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 ALDH1A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALDB ALDO2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ALDOB aldolase B, fructose-bisphosphate 229 RP11-490D19.1 9q21.3-q22.2 20140408 9606 9 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004332 (EC: EXP); GO_0004332 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10625657); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 18000879); GO_0005815 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18000879); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005975 (EC: TAS); GO_0006000 (EC: IMP, PMID: 3383242); GO_0006001 (EC: TAS); GO_0006006 (EC: TAS); GO_0006094 (EC: TAS); GO_0006096 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10625657); GO_0006096 (EC: IEA); GO_0006096 (EC: TAS); GO_0006116 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17576770); GO_0008092 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9244396); GO_0030388 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10625657); GO_0032781 (EC: IGI, PMID: 17576770); GO_0034451 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18000879); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10625657); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0051117 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17576770); GO_0070061 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10625657); GO_0070072 (EC: IGI, PMID: 17576770) PMID: 1967768; 2336380; 2410860; 2649152; 2830249; 3000275; 3016456; 3383242; 6548561; 6585824; 6689266; 7717389; 8162030; 8299883; 8535439; 9244396; 10024431; 10625657; 10970798; 11241348; 11399750; 11679716; 11752456; 12205126; 12417303; 12464284; 12477932; 14966907; 15063762; 15532022; 15880727; 16406649; 17292585; 17457694; 17576770; 17955389; 18000879; 18029348; 18541450; 18700007; 19817957; 20033295; 20162364; 20848650; 20882353; 21166391; 21832049; 21890473; 21963094; 21987572; 21988832; 22001757; 22505724; 22911800 aldolase B, fructose-bisphosphate Ensembl:ENSG00000136872 HGNC:417 HPRD:01972 MIM:612724 Vega:OTTHUMG00000020378 Other designations: aldolase 2|aldolase B, fructose-bisphosphatase|fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B|liver-type aldolase ALDOB Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALS9 HEL168 RAA1 RNASE4 RNASE5 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ANG angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5 283 14q11.1-q11.2 9606 14 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001525 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8448182); GO_0001525 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17125737); GO_0001525 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16567967); GO_0001541 (EC: NAS, PMID: 12770725); GO_0001556 (EC: NAS, PMID: 11438326); GO_0001666 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10999833); GO_0001666 (EC: NAS, PMID: 15776477); GO_0001890 (EC: NAS, PMID: 11984825); GO_0001938 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9122172); GO_0003677 (EC: IC, PMID: 10649442); GO_0003779 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11782452); GO_0004519 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10103013); GO_0004540 (EC: IDA, PMID: 2424496); GO_0005102 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9122172); GO_0005507 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9245697); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10413501); GO_0005605 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15166501); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16461950); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10649442); GO_0005730 (EC: ISS); GO_0006651 (EC: IDA, PMID: 2457905); GO_0007154 (EC: NAS, PMID: 10103013); GO_0007202 (EC: IMP, PMID: 2457905); GO_0008201 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10103013); GO_0008219 (EC: IEA); GO_0009303 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15735021); GO_0009725 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10999833); GO_0016477 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17125737); GO_0016892 (EC: IEA); GO_0017148 (EC: IEA); GO_0019843 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2457905); GO_0030041 (EC: ISS); GO_0030426 (EC: ISS); GO_0032148 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17125737); GO_0032311 (EC: IPI, PMID: 3470787); GO_0032431 (EC: IMP, PMID: 2646638); GO_0042277 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11782452); GO_0042327 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17125737); GO_0042592 (EC: NAS, PMID: 15166501); GO_0043025 (EC: ISS); GO_0048662 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10103013); GO_0050714 (EC: IDA, PMID: 2646638); GO_0050714 (EC: ISS); GO_0090305 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10103013); GO_0090501 (EC: IDA, PMID: 2424496) PMID: 1400510; 1978563; 2276743; 2424496; 2440105; 2457905; 2479414; 2646638; 2730651; 2742853; 2866794; 2866795; 3470787; 3619929; 3663649; 7679494; 7945327; 8127865; 8159679; 8448182; 9122172; 9245697; 9311977; 9461294; 9707554; 9918722; 10103013; 10413501; 10648935; 10649442; 10999833; 11374889; 11438326; 11468363; 11751393; 11752456; 11782452; 11847008; 11851402; 11919285; 11984825; 12168899; 12209593; 12477932; 12515546; 12705339; 12770725; 12842050; 14593238; 14671622; 14756559; 15064314; 15067362; 15128420; 15166501; 15182336; 15236995; 15489334; 15557516; 15558023; 15735021; 15737636; 15776477; 15979542; 16169070; 16322296; 16461950; 16490744; 16567967; 16712791; 16937522; 17113198; 17125737; 17207965; 17462671; 17703939; 17886298; 17900154; 17991437; 18087731; 18636464; 18808740; 18852347; 18936943; 18955785; 19158252; 19160530; 19253715; 19262607; 19287993; 19332886; 19363631; 19423182; 19625371; 19631914; 20045391; 20105109; 20137109; 20174961; 20301623; 20452482; 20472325; 20484129; 20577002; 20629092; 20673868; 20838751; 20923443; 20952631; 20955379; 21085671; 21091473; 21103661; 21154263; 21209106; 21364907; 21375772; 21439815; 21528671; 21539846; 21621297; 21711968; 21778318; 21800332; 21808991; 21919032; 21988832; 22148849; 22190368; 22194915; 22266868; 22292798; 22292843; 22372545; 22384259; 22438557; 22449478; 22526325; 22633874; 22694909; 22940420; 23229115; 23231972; 23351638; 23379493; 23409128; 23665167; 23989187; 24122807; 24337645 angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5 Ensembl:ENSG00000214274 HGNC:483 HPRD:00105 MIM:105850 Vega:OTTHUMG00000029576 Other designations: RNase 5|angiogenin|epididymis luminal protein 168|ribonuclease 5|ribonuclease A A1 ANG Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AGP1 AGPT ANG1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ANGPT1 angiopoietin 1 284 8q23.1 9606 8 GO_0001701 (EC: IEA); GO_0001936 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT, PMID:8980223); GO_0002040 (EC: IDA, PMID:10218485); GO_0002092 (EC: IDA, PMID:19424712); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA, PMID:10218485); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA, PMID:19424712); GO_0005902 (EC: IDA, PMID:19424712); GO_0007162 (EC: IDA, PMID:19674970); GO_0007171 (EC: IDA, PMID:19424712); GO_0007596 (EC: TAS); GO_0010595 (EC: IDA, PMID:12958144); GO_0014068 (EC: IEA); GO_0014842 (EC: IDA, PMID:19733541); GO_0030097 (EC: IEA); GO_0030154 (EC: IEA); GO_0030210 (EC: IDA, PMID:19297368); GO_0030971 (EC: IPI, PMID:19922791); GO_0031398 (EC: IDA, PMID:19689429); GO_0031589 (EC: IEA); GO_0033138 (EC: IEA); GO_0034394 (EC: IDA, PMID:19615361); GO_0043066 (EC: IDA, PMID:10218485); GO_0043116 (EC: IDA, PMID:14978158); GO_0043524 (EC: IEA); GO_0043536 (EC: IDA, PMID:9660821); GO_0045121 (EC: IDA, PMID:19615361); GO_0045785 (EC: IEA); GO_0048014 (EC: IDA, PMID:19689429); GO_0050731 (EC: IDA, PMID:15851516); GO_0050900 (EC: TAS); GO_0050918 (EC: IDA, PMID:9660821); GO_0051897 (EC: IDA, PMID:18425120); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID:19199708); GO_0070374 (EC: IDA, PMID:18425120); GO_0072012 (EC: ISS); GO_2000352 (EC: IDA, PMID:19674970) PMID:7584026; 7584028; 7642106; 8980223; 8980224; 9204896; 9525952; 9545648; 9560344; 9660821; 9723709; 10051567; 10218485; 10343124; 10514510; 10706866; 10766762; 10854239; 10944458; 11165944; 11729102; 11776343; 11827452; 11856872; 11870550; 11891175; 11967990; 12138242; 12168954; 12213874; 12239588; 12243755; 12402160; 12427764; 12477932; 12612904; 12649156; 12717391; 12810673; 12816861; 12890486; 12958144; 12958167; 14561809; 14597243; 14665640; 14672554; 14715662; 14749497; 14978158; 14991531; 15001532; 15019820; 15094228; 15161644; 15198927; 15213103; 15242771; 15284220; 15381091; 15453096; 15498854; 15542434; 15562207; 15692086; 15694363; 15746084; 15769741; 15781448; 15823283; 15851516; 15892598; 16000309; 16020388; 16049136; 16229183; 16354591; 16547766; 16614513; 16645159; 16690881; 16723371; 16803467; 16830384; 16917117; 16956819; 17039426; 17168735; 17322632; 17341311; 17466926; 17525262; 17558601; 17562701; 17603084; 17637706; 17724803; 17728252; 17785951; 17803352; 17943167; 18035072; 18080866; 18092380; 18199826; 18269030; 18310225; 18326231; 18330951; 18382887; 18425120; 18664247; 18675456; 18807212; 18823985; 18991494; 18996102; 19010534; 19028450; 19082480; 19082594; 19086654; 19127216; 19148554; 19199708; 19223473; 19297368; 19300530; 19301945; 19322669; 19339077; 19351722; 19424712; 19460752; 19476937; 19478794; 19487284; 19543148; 19567053; 19615361; 19674970; 19689429; 19733541; 19815705; 19875484; 19916173; 19919521; 19922791; 19954476; 20036815; 20056911; 20072144; 20098680; 20099495; 20185425; 20208992; 20346360; 20378606; 20471887; 20554518; 20602615; 20629092; 20696814; 20863203; 21042788; 21140268; 21168819; 21179479; 21212269; 21273558; 21300047; 21380565; 21400522; 21660578; 21672190; 21710361; 21778249; 21849906; 21858121; 21878936; 21884468; 21885850; 21905000; 21905955; 21906428; 21948244; 21963094; 22000910; 22015631; 22033412; 22095586; 22143796; 22205728; 22229541; 22235284; 22334788; 22391155; 22449617; 22483377; 22496856; 22583143; 22642477; 22867989; 22901561; 22949515; 23024612; 23099117; 23123737; 23190105; 23232696; 23288163; 23302768; 23382691; 23504320; 23592718; 23652985; 23686433; 23770419; 23785018; 23835996; 23840065; 24010773 angiopoietin 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000154188 HGNC:484 HPRD:03392 MIM:601667 Vega:OTTHUMG00000164812 Other designations: ANG-1|angiopoietin-1 ANGPT1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AGPT2 ANG2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ANGPT2 angiopoietin 2 285 8p23.1 9606 8 GO_0001525 (EC: IEA); GO_0001666 (EC: IEA); GO_0005102 (EC: TAS, PMID:10766762); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA, PMID:9660821); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005886 (EC: IEA); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS, PMID:10766762); GO_0007281 (EC: IEA); GO_0007596 (EC: TAS); GO_0009314 (EC: IEA); GO_0009612 (EC: IEA); GO_0009749 (EC: IEA); GO_0010812 (EC: IEA); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0014823 (EC: IEA); GO_0016525 (EC: IEA); GO_0030971 (EC: IPI, PMID:19922791); GO_0031100 (EC: IEA); GO_0042995 (EC: IEA); GO_0043537 (EC: IDA, PMID:9660821); GO_0045766 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0048014 (EC: IDA, PMID:19922791); GO_0050900 (EC: TAS); GO_0050928 (EC: IDA, PMID:9660821); GO_0060135 (EC: IEA); GO_0071363 (EC: IEA); GO_0072012 (EC: ISS) PMID:8125298; 9204896; 9545648; 9660821; 9723709; 9927494; 10051567; 10343124; 10514510; 10766762; 10964717; 11447223; 11578860; 11856872; 11861279; 12138242; 12176040; 12213874; 12427764; 12477932; 12612904; 12717391; 12810677; 12861074; 14507641; 14556828; 14568550; 14702352; 14726409; 14767538; 14768007; 14976056; 14991531; 15002056; 15003510; 15094228; 15112366; 15127326; 15161644; 15198927; 15213103; 15284088; 15284220; 15375511; 15489334; 15498854; 15542434; 15562207; 15642468; 15694966; 15734895; 15743799; 15769741; 15823283; 15893672; 16009172; 16020388; 16129411; 16182107; 16229183; 16242072; 16290311; 16338068; 16344560; 16417407; 16424009; 16458662; 16465407; 16525658; 16538528; 16614513; 16629644; 16690881; 16714355; 16723371; 16790091; 16803467; 16830384; 16877277; 16956819; 16978237; 16978614; 17003480; 17030814; 17141400; 17167981; 17200776; 17258205; 17287278; 17322632; 17341311; 17361220; 17395886; 17409768; 17505039; 17513791; 17558601; 17601353; 17630849; 17673702; 17704802; 17724803; 17785951; 17828495; 17904634; 17928052; 17931370; 17943167; 18006475; 18092380; 18182823; 18269030; 18310225; 18382887; 18483397; 18516587; 18541195; 18564921; 18568888; 18644593; 18664247; 18675456; 18720385; 18727515; 18791490; 18807212; 18952457; 18957536; 18991494; 18996102; 19010534; 19018553; 19082594; 19086654; 19102939; 19112163; 19164323; 19223473; 19226440; 19228739; 19271210; 19300530; 19339208; 19341361; 19351722; 19403561; 19435449; 19438587; 19476937; 19478794; 19499513; 19502452; 19539650; 19543148; 19551369; 19567053; 19616847; 19728062; 19815705; 19875484; 19913849; 19922791; 19954476; 20067780; 20068079; 20072144; 20088942; 20099495; 20179005; 20208992; 20213583; 20348331; 20359117; 20379614; 20382847; 20452482; 20482750; 20501615; 20519501; 20562294; 20583134; 20599737; 20629092; 20670479; 20673868; 20696814; 20806109; 20863203; 21042788; 21081932; 21119365; 21131273; 21143700; 21149250; 21163858; 21168819; 21179479; 21248670; 21257790; 21269615; 21300047; 21337734; 21368233; 21380565; 21400522; 21439064; 21450636; 21565611; 21575447; 21576085; 21603628; 21643812; 21672190; 21680733; 21685330; 21750433; 21762624; 21778249; 21809353; 21849906; 21851472; 21858121; 21884204; 21884468; 21900206; 21948244; 21956768; 21963094; 22000910; 22015631; 22095586; 22142364; 22182412; 22229541; 22279570; 22289349; 22311497; 22327175; 22342979; 22449617; 22483377; 22585576; 22640261; 22642477; 22659681; 22728324; 22730375; 22750392; 22770562; 22777681; 22949515; 22989097; 22995870; 23024612; 23099117; 23123737; 23149917; 23174599; 23190105; 23190218; 23232696; 23284823; 23302768; 23305976; 23409162; 23419030; 23421785; 23467610; 23503679; 23536671; 23587231; 23649549; 23652985; 23758184; 23785018; 23803577; 23826161; 23835996; 23899926; 24106271; 24355874; 24373251; 24421076 angiopoietin 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000091879 HGNC:485 HPRD:03563 MIM:601922 Vega:OTTHUMG00000090365 Other designations: ANG-2|Tie2-ligand|angiopoietin-2|angiopoietin-2B|angiopoietin-2a ANGPT2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He 1 AAC1 ANT ANT 1 ANT1 MTDPS12 PEO2 PEO3 T1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene SLC25A4 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; adenine nucleotide translocator), member 4 291 4q35 9606 4 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000002 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10926541); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16507998); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2823266); GO_0006091 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2823266); GO_0006112 (EC: TAS); GO_0006810 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2823266); GO_0008637 (EC: IEA); GO_0015207 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2823266); GO_0015853 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2823266); GO_0016032 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0050796 (EC: TAS); GO_0060546 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16507998) PMID: 1582253; 2541251; 2547778; 2823266; 2829183; 8103757; 8479824; 8619474; 8644740; 9110174; 9748162; 9874241; 10364542; 10620603; 10926541; 11175251; 11181702; 11193032; 11287411; 11756592; 11756613; 11809823; 12039962; 12112115; 12140186; 12149099; 12450408; 12477932; 12565915; 12663490; 12707443; 12750393; 12750404; 14729611; 15033717; 15142377; 15231833; 15489334; 15551024; 15638722; 15725353; 15792871; 15817944; 15832179; 16020522; 16107323; 16120388; 16155110; 16226712; 16236267; 16354571; 16429131; 16492162; 16507998; 16511342; 16556444; 16887100; 17203973; 17328670; 17331040; 17420318; 17586316; 17586317; 18094160; 18504126; 18575922; 18781797; 18852887; 19149577; 19232058; 19275580; 19275583; 19275588; 19425506; 19840444; 19965780; 20007455; 20012529; 20160640; 20181062; 20186120; 20504995; 20528917; 20698827; 20843780; 20877624; 20972266; 21139048; 21145461; 21196320; 21318276; 21319273; 21586654; 21890473; 21906983; 21918813; 21963094; 22178446; 22187496; 22350218; 22354994; 22797925; 22939629; 23000965; 23246001; 23266187; 23401503; 23464991; 24244333 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; adenine nucleotide translocator), member 4 Ensembl:ENSG00000151729 HGNC:10990 HPRD:00058 MIM:103220 Vega:OTTHUMG00000134299 Other designations: ADP,ATP carrier protein 1|ADP,ATP carrier protein, heart/skeletal muscle|ADP/ATP translocase 1|adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (skeletal muscle)|heart/skeletal muscle ATP/ADP translocator|solute carrier family 25 member 4 SLC25A4 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He APAF-1 CED4 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene APAF1 apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 317 12q23 9606 12 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000166 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10383829); GO_0001843 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10206961); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006309 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006919 (EC: IDA); GO_0006952 (EC: IEA); GO_0007399 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9753320); GO_0008635 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9267021); GO_0008635 (EC: TAS); GO_0008656 (EC: NAS, PMID: 15009102); GO_0030900 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IEA); GO_0042981 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10441496); GO_0043065 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0043293 (EC: IDA); GO_0043293 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0043531 (EC: IEA); GO_0051402 (EC: IEA); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_0072432 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_2001235 (EC: IEA) PMID: 9267021; 9390557; 9455477; 9488720; 9539746; 9651578; 9753320; 9829980; 9837928; 9878060; 9922454; 10206961; 10322433; 10364241; 10376594; 10383829; 10393175; 10441496; 10486928; 10543941; 10578182; 10702682; 10722681; 10764728; 10934467; 10949025; 11113115; 11230124; 11242052; 11389439; 11457460; 11550094; 11864614; 12021264; 12147322; 12149244; 12168954; 12477932; 12549820; 12615903; 12637514; 12804598; 12963020; 14566819; 14747474; 14993223; 15001356; 15009102; 15026369; 15033720; 15103018; 15262985; 15305193; 15378005; 15590702; 15649154; 15692060; 15703181; 15735003; 15829969; 15832174; 15832175; 15863166; 15972851; 16046141; 16098052; 16231040; 16232302; 16331630; 16420245; 16595687; 16951219; 16979168; 17081983; 17133271; 17274640; 17348858; 17361096; 17418785; 17534194; 17541304; 17603079; 17876870; 17882496; 17885667; 18029348; 18042457; 18093951; 18309324; 18373966; 18439902; 18587251; 18676680; 18719738; 18834886; 19056867; 19058789; 19074885; 19141860; 19170196; 19238172; 19322201; 19455599; 19603830; 19625176; 19662370; 19675677; 19692168; 19698783; 19801675; 19809088; 19913121; 20345447; 20379614; 20453000; 20628086; 20959405; 20977544; 21104989; 21139048; 21297999; 21528061; 21659556; 21890473; 21906983; 21922274; 22101335; 22143029; 22246185; 22335196; 22632162; 22996741; 23085065; 23207240; 23326121; 23521171; 23822711 apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000120868 HGNC:576 HPRD:03755 MIM:602233 Vega:OTTHUMG00000170214 Other designations: apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 APAF1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He HEL-S-92n PTX2 SAP WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene APCS amyloid P component, serum 325 1q21-q23 9606 1 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0005576 (EC: NAS, PMID: 14718574); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA); GO_0006457 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10812074); GO_0006953 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2987268); GO_0031012 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: colocalizes_with); GO_0043234 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0051082 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10812074); GO_0051131 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10972085); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_0072562 (EC: IDA) PMID: 81686; 1477104; 1602151; 2987268; 3029048; 3172210; 3211159; 3759147; 3915434; 4055725; 7592941; 8114934; 8144569; 8202534; 8417122; 8662978; 8999915; 9217261; 10631319; 10812074; 10972085; 11359830; 11441067; 11984001; 12015594; 12100475; 12126626; 12432394; 12477932; 12528126; 12767937; 14500533; 14519527; 14607961; 14718574; 15031287; 15174148; 15489334; 15649951; 15837583; 16335952; 16380821; 16643876; 16710414; 16784490; 17138933; 17530641; 17630380; 17676666; 18174230; 18624398; 19011614; 19052452; 19056867; 19948975; 20189569; 20237496; 20300636; 20930309; 20932823; 21044893; 21106539; 21223953; 21278351; 21360619; 21900206; 21988832; 22205573; 22396542; 22493081; 22867744; 22939635; 23385359; 23390551; 23423137; 23527487; 23544079; 23600950; 23966633 amyloid P component, serum Ensembl:ENSG00000132703 HGNC:584 HPRD:00101 MIM:104770 Vega:OTTHUMG00000022741 Other designations: 9.5S alpha-1-glycoprotein|epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 92n|pentaxin-related|serum amyloid P-component APCS Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AD2 LDLCQ5 LPG WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene APOE apolipoprotein E 348 19q13.2 9606 19 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000302 (EC: NAS, PMID: 11743999); GO_0001523 (EC: TAS); GO_0001540 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11305869); GO_0001937 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9685360); GO_0002021 (EC: IEA); GO_0005319 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17305370); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12950167); GO_0005543 (EC: IDA, PMID: 4066713); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA); GO_0005737 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8083695); GO_0005737 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9622609); GO_0005769 (EC: TAS); GO_0005770 (EC: IEA); GO_0005794 (EC: IEA); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0006641 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9649566); GO_0006641 (EC: IMP, PMID: 3771793); GO_0006707 (EC: IEA); GO_0006874 (EC: IEA); GO_0006898 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1917954); GO_0007010 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9622609); GO_0007186 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16443932); GO_0007263 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8995232); GO_0007271 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9622609); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0007603 (EC: TAS); GO_0008201 (EC: IDA, PMID: 2745454); GO_0008203 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9649566); GO_0008203 (EC: IMP, PMID: 3771793); GO_0008219 (EC: IEA); GO_0008289 (EC: IDA, PMID: 4066713); GO_0010544 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8995232); GO_0010873 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15654758); GO_0010875 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14754908); GO_0010875 (EC: IGI, PMID: 12401887); GO_0014012 (EC: IEA); GO_0016209 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9685360); GO_0017127 (EC: IEA); GO_0019934 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8995232); GO_0030195 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8995232); GO_0030425 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8083695); GO_0030516 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9622609); GO_0030828 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8995232); GO_0031232 (EC: IEA); GO_0032489 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16443932); GO_0032526 (EC: IEA); GO_0032805 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15950758); GO_0032868 (EC: IEA); GO_0033344 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11162594); GO_0033700 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11162594); GO_0034361 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17154273); GO_0034362 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8245722); GO_0034363 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17336988); GO_0034364 (EC: IDA, PMID: 210174); GO_0034372 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15654758); GO_0034372 (EC: IGI, PMID: 12401887); GO_0034374 (EC: IEA); GO_0034375 (EC: IGI, PMID: 12401887); GO_0034380 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17305370); GO_0034382 (EC: IMP, PMID: 7175379); GO_0034384 (EC: IDA, PMID: 210175); GO_0034447 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1917954); GO_0034447 (EC: IMP, PMID: 9649566); GO_0042157 (EC: TAS); GO_0042158 (EC: IEA); GO_0042159 (EC: IEA); GO_0042311 (EC: IEA); GO_0042627 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16935699); GO_0042632 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9649566); GO_0042802 (EC: IDA, PMID: 4066713); GO_0042803 (EC: IPI, PMID: 8245722); GO_0043025 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8083695); GO_0043407 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9685360); GO_0043524 (EC: IEA); GO_0043537 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9685360); GO_0043691 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8127890); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0045541 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1917954); GO_0045773 (EC: IEA); GO_0046848 (EC: IEA); GO_0046907 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9622609); GO_0046911 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9685360); GO_0048156 (EC: IPI, PMID: 7566652); GO_0048168 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9622609); GO_0048709 (EC: IEA); GO_0048844 (EC: IEA); GO_0050728 (EC: IC, PMID: 8995232); GO_0050750 (EC: IDA, PMID: 210175); GO_0050750 (EC: IPI, PMID: 17326667); GO_0051000 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8995232); GO_0051044 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15950758); GO_0051651 (EC: IEA); GO_0060228 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15654758); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_0070326 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1384047); GO_0070326 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12950167); GO_0071347 (EC: IEA); GO_0071363 (EC: IEA); GO_0071397 (EC: IEA); GO_0071682 (EC: TAS); GO_0071813 (EC: IEA); GO_0072562 (EC: IDA) PMID: 210174; 210175; 759055; 1356443; 1360898; 1361196; 1384047; 1617762; 1674745; 1713245; 1730728; 1917954; 2063194; 2101409; 2313204; 2341812; 2470732; 2498325; 2539388; 2556398; 2738044; 2745454; 2760009; 2779654; 2851587; 2987927; 2992507; 3038959; 3243553; 3283935; 3771793; 3922972; 3947350; 4066713; 4345202; 6199196; 6289314; 6323533; 6325438; 6327682; 6897404; 7068630; 7175379; 7263700; 7498414; 7566652; 7581381; 7586659; 7635945; 7761390; 7768901; 7797576; 7833947; 7972031; 8063017; 8083695; 8127890; 8245722; 8287539; 8300609; 8346443; 8488843; 8620924; 8624078; 8626535; 8756331; 8995232; 9012418; 9147408; 9218423; 9236223; 9360638; 9512010; 9622609; 9649566; 9685360; 9831625; 9869645; 9931331; 10520737; 10559559; 10662539; 10850798; 10962542; 10993992; 11030801; 11032626; 11033977; 11042151; 11055796; 11058710; 11060506; 11061249; 11063158; 11064931; 11072138; 11074789; 11076057; 11079660; 11095479; 11095526; 11096027; 11099722; 11100124; 11106322; 11109009; 11110974; 11113217; 11118024; 11118260; 11118404; 11118932; 11119301; 11121165; 11125748; 11126401; 11129109; 11129992; 11140838; 11140944; 11141572; 11143490; 11152862; 11153762; 11156623; 11157409; 11160955; 11162594; 11166913; 11166947; 11171287; 11171894; 11172628; 11173876; 11173877; 11173882; 11176958; 11177205; 11182472; 11204323; 11218879; 11229422; 11231028; 11236867; 11244490; 11254923; 11256794; 11257253; 11257255; 11259129; 11269459; 11269753; 11273849; 11273909; 11277566; 11280044; 11281447; 11281508; 11285089; 11295126; 11299424; 11302074; 11303757; 11305732; 11305851; 11305869; 11311499; 11315514; 11320185; 11326299; 11328206; 11332642; 11334266; 11334897; 11340230; 11341749; 11343612; 11343837; 11351136; 11354629; 11355019; 11357958; 11359065; 11360807; 11376902; 11378846; 11383910; 11388660; 11398147; 11401504; 11401610; 11412677; 11420577; 11420784; 11421127; 11421132; 11421580; 11422615; 11431078; 11434425; 11445282; 11445633; 11454010; 11456487; 11458997; 11463413; 11471927; 11472462; 11474482; 11475012; 11477126; 11482130; 11484169; 11484172; 11487204; 11494308; 11495026; 11495633; 11500190; 11501342; 11502364; 11504565; 11509287; 11512679; 11516561; 11526473; 11535238; 11546879; 11552016; 11553047; 11558492; 11559372; 11560764; 11563433; 11568917; 11571342; 11574101; 11580926; 11585357; 11589721; 11592046; 11592592; 11665324; 11673588; 11673590; 11676289; 11676291; 11684342; 11684904; 11698154; 11701639; 11702052; 11711204; 11714857; 11714860; 11720484; 11721184; 11722155; 11723294; 11730829; 11738493; 11739991; 11740190; 11743999; 11748362; 11755017; 11755252; 11756600; 11769625; 11769703; 11769724; 11775232; 11780357; 11780396; 11784357; 11784371; 11788473; 11788960; 11791620; 11793025; 11798896; 11803456; 11804199; 11804704; 11805010; 11807891; 11807900; 11814460; 11820771; 11823668; 11830396; 11834531; 11836653; 11840773; 11840804; 11844848; 11849659; 11849755; 11857554; 11860878; 11860925; 11862316; 11863377; 11873594; 11879722; 11882334; 11882335; 11882522; 11882743; 11882744; 11884656; 11884660; 11885754; 11889238; 11890580; 11893833; 11901276; 11903341; 11903399; 11904138; 11910554; 11912196; 11920850; 11921083; 11922198; 11931575; 11931577; 11936239; 11936240; 11939894; 11939896; 11940690; 11940706; 11949718; 11950276; 11952809; 11954859; 11959333; 11966948; 11971052; 11971084; 11981126; 11983298; 11983299; 11984219; 11987699; 11988589; 11988615; 11990879; 11992263; 11992569; 12000192; 12003251; 12003753; 12006218; 12006397; 12007670; 12009520; 12015813; 12015945; 12019933; 12023414; 12023438; 12028246; 12028507; 12030385; 12032151; 12036962; 12040140; 12042130; 12042142; 12042316; 12042669; 12042894; 12044628; 12049183; 12057992; 12059987; 12061406; 12069854; 12071547; 12074828; 12075916; 12077730; 12082592; 12086087; 12086099; 12086229; 12087994; 12093429; 12094820; 12095653; 12105308; 12107813; 12112161; 12113906; 12116196; 12116231; 12117364; 12118856; 12123486; 12123862; 12128082; 12133811; 12135350; 12138091; 12142731; 12143056; 12145452; 12148096; 12160362; 12164879; 12165926; 12166499; 12167620; 12167762; 12168771; 12175441; 12185156; 12185856; 12192621; 12192623; 12195533; 12196500; 12198535; 12200750; 12205106; 12205649; 12210279; 12213685; 12213863; 12214086; 12220441; 12221169; 12226739; 12231459; 12232782; 12243365; 12269825; 12270650; 12297572; 12325053; 12359980; 12364385; 12370113; 12379839; 12393935; 12394840; 12397634; 12398946; 12401887; 12405546; 12406021; 12411758; 12411763; 12413003; 12414984; 12417285; 12417379; 12417380; 12417381; 12417453; 12419494; 12433268; 12434887; 12438469; 12438664; 12439225; 12439291; 12444925; 12444983; 12454737; 12457072; 12459519; 12461692; 12471457; 12473860; 12475089; 12477932; 12480082; 12480755; 12486288; 12495080; 12495081; 12495082; 12497107; 12497631; 12498968; 12499050; 12500534; 12502505; 12507914; 12512226; 12518038; 12521230; 12527542; 12529167; 12533090; 12535745; 12536572; 12544508; 12552038; 12552039; 12556576; 12558712; 12561220; 12566177; 12567264; 12573381; 12576523; 12579507; 12580702; 12580859; 12581338; 12584430; 12587416; 12588864; 12588928; 12593496; 12593615; 12595762; 12600078; 12604387; 12605101; 12618306; 12624708; 12631135; 12632068; 12634288; 12636937; 12637699; 12638732; 12644914; 12647263; 12648751; 12649507; 12654974; 12656452; 12657090; 12657895; 12658367; 12658375; 12662159; 12666069; 12668918; 12669678; 12675686; 12677480; 12678662; 12682309; 12691171; 12701674; 12706318; 12707932; 12707937; 12707938; 12714797; 12715012; 12719629; 12722493; 12729008; 12736093; 12736801; 12739024; 12742846; 12746397; 12749052; 12753088; 12754278; 12769659; 12771320; 12774036; 12778454; 12778455; 12782148; 12782337; 12782964; 12787320; 12788901; 12794386; 12796755; 12798568; 12799433; 12809979; 12810154; 12810485; 12810796; 12810820; 12811635; 12812866; 12815750; 12817590; 12818409; 12818414; 12821037; 12821754; 12833399; 12833577; 12837283; 12837518; 12841538; 12845379; 12850485; 12857755; 12860263; 12864777; 12871600; 12873586; 12876232; 12876259; 12880539; 12881819; 12882872; 12883119; 12886039; 12889841; 12897404; 12899198; 12901521; 12901781; 12905860; 12915220; 12915699; 12917433; 12919138; 12920078; 12923233; 12923801; 12926843; 12928055; 12928512; 12930057; 12930912; 12935416; 12939405; 12940632; 12940873; 12946561; 12950167; 12951205; 12954489; 12957508; 12959500; 12960780; 12962909; 12963757; 12963763; 12964943; 12966036; 13129656; 13680463; 14500990; 14501969; 14504972; 14506116; 14512205; 14512206; 14512715; 14520543; 14523627; 14523999; 14530190; 14563588; 14566994; 14569045; 14570844; 14572957; 14583365; 14585838; 14587032; 14588111; 14593964; 14594022; 14596852; 14609807; 14612205; 14614898; 14615042; 14615272; 14624406; 14625044; 14638877; 14639046; 14646029; 14650352; 14656220; 14659862; 14672279; 14674716; 14675603; 14677138; 14680604; 14681851; 14681915; 14687732; 14688411; 14688681; 14694215; 14695944; 14695947; 14698449; 14705977; 14706682; 14709760; 14711551; 14718482; 14718574; 14720419; 14726545; 14734213; 14739281; 14739533; 14741429; 14743603; 14746139; 14754908; 14755445; 14757931; 14759632; 14763959; 14763962; 14766005; 14767871; 14769392; 14769603; 14966149; 14982742; 14986172; 14986436; 14989602; 14997020; 15000890; 15003956; 15007140; 15014128; 15018693; 15019539; 15023809; 15026113; 15031162; 15033184; 15034781; 15036621; 15045621; 15048651; 15048896; 15048897; 15050032; 15060087; 15060098; 15060316; 15066991; 15073531; 15076187; 15077085; 15079025; 15079806; 15084782; 15084783; 15090300; 15090562; 15093983; 15096402; 15098180; 15099158; 15102883; 15106838; 15109264; 15111581; 15111582; 15123333; 15123334; 15123497; 15124760; 15129156; 15131109; 15133863; 15135251; 15136700; 15138483; 15142050; 15144588; 15145993; 15146195; 15147594; 15152345; 15157846; 15159498; 15159600; 15159602; 15161645; 15161775; 15165699; 15167692; 15174051; 15174235; 15181244; 15181247; 15181372; 15181744; 15183747; 15184597; 15184600; 15184602; 15184605; 15184629; 15186949; 15186962; 15187200; 15193960; 15201366; 15201477; 15202770; 15202789; 15202933; 15207528; 15207892; 15210882; 15211066; 15211070; 15212826; 15213448; 15217762; 15220465; 15221639; 15222689; 15222690; 15222832; 15223114; 15224026; 15226466; 15227722; 15236771; 15239601; 15245790; 15246985; 15246987; 15247087; 15250257; 15252864; 15256516; 15258198; 15258208; 15258620; 15259389; 15262670; 15264189; 15264223; 15266206; 15266207; 15276243; 15276511; 15277615; 15286151; 15286454; 15286456; 15300423; 15311189; 15312249; 15312696; 15314125; 15319409; 15326233; 15326239; 15326261; 15326295; 15328426; 15331430; 15336915; 15337261; 15337270; 15339912; 15340366; 15345809; 15345810; 15358178; 15359535; 15362374; 15364413; 15364690; 15365129; 15370197; 15370375; 15374124; 15374172; 15375590; 15375600; 15377701; 15377739; 15379569; 15383745; 15448517; 15450205; 15452311; 15455263; 15461196; 15465089; 15465740; 15466371; 15468911; 15469418; 15477512; 15477533; 15477624; 15482730; 15485881; 15487712; 15488782; 15488872; 15489334; 15503099; 15505155; 15514092; 15519745; 15522251; 15523694; 15525904; 15526312; 15530909; 15531082; 15531693; 15534175; 15534246; 15538542; 15540997; 15543563; 15545327; 15548484; 15548496; 15549499; 15549644; 15554031; 15557508; 15559160; 15559755; 15562392; 15563891; 15569012; 15571629; 15571826; 15573849; 15576362; 15579298; 15583000; 15583995; 15584785; 15584908; 15585207; 15585342; 15585780; 15591802; 15592132; 15596614; 15598211; 15600186; 15607989; 15608561; 15611352; 15623696; 15627759; 15627763; 15634227; 15636076; 15636224; 15636592; 15641930; 15642911; 15642920; 15643038; 15644277; 15648787; 15653173; 15653176; 15654758; 15656760; 15657615; 15657798; 15660776; 15663009; 15664112; 15665311; 15668424; 15670698; 15674008; 15678256; 15679697; 15686675; 15689450; 15692115; 15696482; 15696494; 15697227; 15699298; 15699382; 15699383; 15699400; 15699916; 15702779; 15708851; 15713714; 15716154; 15721023; 15725730; 15726267; 15728313; 15730956; 15735320; 15739386; 15746021; 15748778; 15754975; 15754976; 15755832; 15760646; 15764642; 15767511; 15769204; 15769335; 15769795; 15774818; 15781953; 15785096; 15791170; 15793777; 15793794; 15804918; 15805147; 15809232; 15809899; 15817610; 15819712; 15820227; 15824354; 15825968; 15829498; 15830056; 15830139; 15834029; 15838630; 15841787; 15843343; 15852364; 15854776; 15860477; 15861030; 15862889; 15863833; 15867282; 15879922; 15880838; 15882073; 15882786; 15883313; 15895300; 15895461; 15896001; 15903153; 15904995; 15910869; 15919549; 15921030; 15925094; 15931081; 15931608; 15932949; 15935014; 15936307; 15936464; 15936467; 15939044; 15942165; 15942426; 15944651; 15950758; 15952022; 15953853; 15956166; 15956169; 15956634; 15961292; 15964100; 15975088; 15979312; 15983323; 15992403; 15998356; 16005361; 16013355; 16013913; 16015283; 16019571; 16021346; 16023140; 16027737; 16028714; 16030523; 16033781; 16033878; 16038892; 16039291; 16040191; 16043164; 16043796; 16051894; 16055229; 16082716; 16086293; 16092050; 16096813; 16099324; 16099779; 16100021; 16103669; 16103896; 16106048; 16107349; 16110302; 16113584; 16116137; 16116614; 16118069; 16122874; 16123547; 16127101; 16128374; 16131735; 16131797; 16133550; 16136540; 16142021; 16142566; 16143024; 16148883; 16152798; 16153291; 16157450; 16157749; 16161810; 16165272; 16166776; 16169331; 16170092; 16176061; 16176168; 16179831; 16182410; 16183800; 16185081; 16186632; 16188386; 16189709; 16193886; 16195918; 16199552; 16199891; 16201140; 16202217; 16202482; 16204452; 16207619; 16207841; 16210555; 16223550; 16233903; 16242874; 16248984; 16250071; 16251607; 16254254; 16254428; 16257094; 16258842; 16261623; 16266401; 16270124; 16275829; 16275840; 16276010; 16276176; 16278220; 16278853; 16282051; 16282567; 16288198; 16295048; 16298355; 16298992; 16299033; 16306239; 16306248; 16314757; 16317171; 16327942; 16328515; 16332659; 16334787; 16335008; 16337304; 16340087; 16343062; 16344478; 16351773; 16352910; 16358334; 16362800; 16367893; 16368754; 16374834; 16378065; 16380608; 16382017; 16385096; 16387995; 16388493; 16389198; 16389649; 16390369; 16390371; 16391475; 16399213; 16401069; 16401755; 16401842; 16402284; 16406547; 16410051; 16417614; 16418216; 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23079898; 23088986; 23091810; 23096223; 23098561; 23100402; 23100439; 23102119; 23103838; 23110764; 23110818; 23113606; 23118302; 23123227; 23132858; 23134888; 23134962; 23142051; 23142524; 23146133; 23152815; 23159043; 23159296; 23171142; 23175721; 23183136; 23186985; 23204275; 23213264; 23232444; 23238736; 23242296; 23242623; 23247007; 23251595; 23255503; 23255822; 23270420; 23272070; 23273617; 23275593; 23286790; 23288845; 23289212; 23290018; 23291160; 23292450; 23293020; 23296339; 23302659; 23312054; 23317568; 23320904; 23321337; 23324992; 23326517; 23364031; 23371373; 23372804; 23380990; 23382465; 23384034; 23384292; 23385359; 23396426; 23407349; 23407718; 23408335; 23411028; 23413428; 23415434; 23419831; 23424640; 23429815; 23430611; 23430745; 23455636; 23466070; 23492875; 23503772; 23522842; 23525328; 23537987; 23546960; 23553344; 23562540; 23565137; 23571587; 23573206; 23576895; 23581910; 23583468; 23584199; 23587637; 23587689; 23588940; 23590983; 23593485; 23603214; 23612909; 23613766; 23620513; 23624169; 23631810; 23631828; 23642733; 23652625; 23660682; 23663404; 23669301; 23684315; 23687437; 23701536; 23723060; 23726366; 23729930; 23731072; 23737466; 23743349; 23769398; 23771217; 23773371; 23779114; 23786792; 23808899; 23815818; 23826174; 23844046; 23844141; 23855979; 23865355; 23876113; 23883936; 23888546; 23902934; 23902937; 23919842; 23965289; 24009459; 24023260; 24023310; 24023758; 24145446; 24145819; 24163986; 24239320; 24276092; 24291031; 24308640; 24340925; 24448836; 24464001 apolipoprotein E Ensembl:ENSG00000130203 HGNC:613 HPRD:00135 MIM:107741 Vega:OTTHUMG00000128901 Other designations: apo-E|apolipoprotein E3 APOE Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALPS1A APO-1 APT1 CD95 FAS1 FASTM TNFRSF6 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene FAS Fas cell surface death receptor 355 RP11-399O19.7 10q24.1 9606 10 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0002377 (EC: IEA); GO_0003014 (EC: IEA); GO_0004871 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10875918); GO_0004872 (EC: NAS, PMID: 7533181); GO_0004888 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10918185); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: NAS, PMID: 7533181); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA); GO_0005886 (EC: IMP); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0006461 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10875918); GO_0006915 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9681877); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006919 (EC: TAS); GO_0006924 (EC: IEA); GO_0006925 (EC: IEA); GO_0006927 (EC: IEA); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9360929); GO_0008625 (EC: IEA); GO_0009636 (EC: IEA); GO_0009897 (EC: IEA); GO_0009986 (EC: IDA); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0019724 (EC: IEA); GO_0019900 (EC: IPI, PMID: 7538908); GO_0031264 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11101870); GO_0031265 (EC: IDA); GO_0032464 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI); GO_0042981 (EC: NAS, PMID: 7533181); GO_0043065 (EC: IDA); GO_0043065 (EC: IMP); GO_0043066 (EC: IEA); GO_0045060 (EC: IEA); GO_0045121 (EC: IDA); GO_0045619 (EC: IEA); GO_0045637 (EC: IEA); GO_0048536 (EC: IEA); GO_0050869 (EC: IEA); GO_0051260 (EC: IEA); GO_0051384 (EC: IEA); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID: 19593445); GO_0071285 (EC: IEA); GO_0071455 (EC: IMP); GO_0097049 (EC: IEA); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS); GO_0097191 (EC: IMP); GO_0097192 (EC: IEA); GO_0097527 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16507998); GO_2001239 (EC: TAS); GO_2001241 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1375228; 1385299; 1385309; 1713127; 2469768; 2787530; 7510905; 7514572; 7529798; 7530336; 7533181; 7536190; 7536343; 7538907; 7538908; 7539892; 7540117; 7542559; 7543095; 7575433; 7859281; 8521815; 8524870; 8598453; 8626376; 8648105; 8681376; 8780394; 8864141; 8906799; 8929361; 8940097; 8967952; 8976184; 9002959; 9028321; 9028957; 9039262; 9045686; 9079683; 9082980; 9126929; 9159204; 9199966; 9208847; 9215629; 9223324; 9226175; 9228058; 9247148; 9257699; 9263011; 9267021; 9268734; 9322534; 9325248; 9360929; 9427646; 9475352; 9560245; 9681877; 9721089; 9727492; 9740801; 9751072; 9787134; 9821419; 9835052; 9847311; 9857224; 9920849; 9927496; 9971775; 10068040; 10072505; 10090885; 10200300; 10235259; 10340403; 10462485; 10505674; 10506221; 10535980; 10542291; 10620127; 10625668; 10630977; 10671224; 10706119; 10709732; 10713117; 10799864; 10871852; 10875918; 10918185; 10978533; 11003656; 11034606; 11035039; 11036836; 11048727; 11048730; 11101867; 11101870; 11112409; 11129341; 11177389; 11193028; 11208609; 11298454; 11323689; 11418480; 11436125; 11483955; 11495919; 11550967; 11606059; 11692157; 11733515; 11771526; 11773067; 11779855; 11782802; 11786482; 11786908; 11788891; 11790791; 11809905; 11824955; 11830507; 11836578; 11857317; 11861273; 11864613; 11867183; 11877055; 11891278; 11895550; 11909874; 11920253; 11941452; 11949822; 11961305; 11965496; 11975981; 11986289; 11994542; 12021072; 12032668; 12034188; 12037669; 12040174; 12049185; 12060388; 12060768; 12064832; 12067476; 12096347; 12096925; 12098516; 12107169; 12131184; 12137598; 12139945; 12140383; 12150947; 12163388; 12169207; 12177303; 12185583; 12188927; 12196516; 12198154; 12207331; 12207908; 12220552; 12221075; 12234263; 12244143; 12270344; 12324452; 12372427; 12388693; 12393468; 12393649; 12393889; 12397013; 12414525; 12415011; 12419941; 12452031; 12455036; 12466128; 12477932; 12482410; 12482505; 12485855; 12497631; 12507389; 12513829; 12515395; 12515623; 12516573; 12557947; 12581154; 12583439; 12586732; 12587820; 12604424; 12623840; 12629150; 12646947; 12679613; 12698366; 12699879; 12702723; 12706861; 12710855; 12717632; 12724420; 12742662; 12742739; 12753742; 12757469; 12770553; 12783210; 12788915; 12794152; 12803240; 12824926; 12855571; 12855687; 12867600; 12874203; 12880639; 12883671; 12887920; 12907599; 12923319; 12952224; 12963547; 14506242; 14512182; 14514471; 14530312; 14533029; 14534720; 14557654; 14573612; 14585083; 14594800; 14625033; 14625298; 14625471; 14637155; 14638442; 14644092; 14644197; 14644318; 14647422; 14668794; 14672901; 14676203; 14694156; 14698859; 14714559; 14719092; 14719118; 14724564; 14736971; 14739003; 14739535; 14739941; 14745445; 14759258; 14967838; 14977837; 14981943; 14991945; 15016553; 15019807; 15039424; 15042330; 15054468; 15055260; 15078899; 15138553; 15159312; 15159409; 15160902; 15161716; 15183989; 15203866; 15207703; 15214041; 15215233; 15218339; 15220220; 15238425; 15240787; 15251990; 15277733; 15280387; 15287856; 15289903; 15297424; 15301860; 15345718; 15365741; 15383280; 15390286; 15459302; 15465831; 15467462; 15480430; 15489334; 15492869; 15497017; 15500551; 15502938; 15514680; 15542843; 15556626; 15556941; 15557123; 15563545; 15592292; 15617242; 15632129; 15637757; 15641141; 15645122; 15659383; 15665818; 15670977; 15672026; 15680394; 15688389; 15695771; 15704653; 15723707; 15726829; 15748958; 15786554; 15795317; 15803113; 15806311; 15808689; 15816832; 15818415; 15829968; 15833141; 15838728; 15843521; 15855233; 15858021; 15860671; 15894356; 15907374; 15911745; 15917238; 15929764; 15936090; 15937082; 15938782; 15944736; 15962371; 15963548; 15967797; 15968727; 15972662; 15975999; 15996722; 16000573; 16018969; 16081586; 16087126; 16091761; 16124644; 16129703; 16143308; 16148554; 16157125; 16158329; 16163374; 16169070; 16215672; 16215685; 16255757; 16273638; 16304056; 16306044; 16313826; 16343245; 16344560; 16358967; 16364925; 16368755; 16385451; 16393952; 16403915; 16436054; 16438619; 16441482; 16463650; 16469115; 16472594; 16473667; 16474169; 16507928; 16507998; 16515587; 16524887; 16538171; 16538172; 16643620; 16691186; 16723718; 16736614; 16741989; 16750039; 16765090; 16788566; 16808908; 16820946; 16822901; 16895904; 16899302; 16914910; 16917513; 16921240; 16936193; 16937440; 16948902; 16972019; 16987075; 17000697; 17006606; 17009393; 17014078; 17014925; 17053166; 17056024; 17062728; 17130290; 17135269; 17159907; 17159908; 17161551; 17174268; 17183065; 17194564; 17195092; 17198275; 17203787; 17219051; 17336828; 17376892; 17406980; 17465232; 17485109; 17487740; 17493146; 17504511; 17516614; 17544837; 17545588; 17559541; 17561354; 17564320; 17589525; 17597021; 17598974; 17603079; 17622942; 17657164; 17657791; 17667965; 17684774; 17692455; 17704746; 17704785; 17708363; 17724145; 17762757; 17853317; 17878356; 17891455; 17909299; 17912028; 17912957; 17916181; 17932249; 17938571; 17941899; 17962219; 17962369; 17970696; 17978477; 17982483; 17993614; 17997887; 18000680; 18003704; 18029348; 18045865; 18056484; 18057579; 18068525; 18078642; 18078929; 18088463; 18090928; 18162459; 18174230; 18208868; 18217400; 18220834; 18227168; 18234961; 18243739; 18268284; 18292515; 18302883; 18316328; 18324486; 18328427; 18337305; 18342935; 18361934; 18383830; 18411295; 18422813; 18427836; 18439588; 18441236; 18445624; 18463097; 18473402; 18483392; 18488389; 18494554; 18505906; 18508922; 18508927; 18512812; 18548110; 18552209; 18561948; 18582468; 18588573; 18609513; 18614439; 18635548; 18666137; 18676032; 18679533; 18685642; 18718055; 18727868; 18753860; 18754288; 18757527; 18787411; 18796602; 18800686; 18804468; 18813857; 18818748; 18844072; 18844210; 18851835; 18854777; 18923451; 18948840; 18949391; 18949744; 18972838; 19004284; 19009351; 19010354; 19012493; 19015953; 19019335; 19019483; 19020991; 19037097; 19043361; 19047119; 19067240; 19073786; 19076218; 19077906; 19103758; 19112091; 19118384; 19125371; 19141320; 19141860; 19146781; 19155494; 19161534; 19168581; 19170196; 19173804; 19181929; 19219602; 19225810; 19240174; 19241965; 19262492; 19263494; 19266094; 19270351; 19272297; 19293475; 19298528; 19305072; 19332441; 19336370; 19391241; 19404646; 19458913; 19480241; 19487421; 19509307; 19521670; 19527514; 19538867; 19538884; 19542541; 19561642; 19565204; 19572057; 19573080; 19593445; 19615968; 19625176; 19628789; 19634684; 19653342; 19669200; 19680267; 19692168; 19692467; 19698994; 19716115; 19718569; 19723039; 19726736; 19737931; 19751723; 19758996; 19759548; 19766542; 19773279; 19788921; 19789190; 19798106; 19810143; 19811416; 19812265; 19817952; 19826071; 19890662; 19895798; 19911702; 19913121; 19926197; 19927299; 19937732; 19940360; 19941645; 19950259; 19954064; 19966861; 20012528; 20052288; 20064083; 20074157; 20085233; 20101431; 20106900; 20137575; 20140262; 20164160; 20181888; 20187936; 20193111; 20204402; 20205514; 20219325; 20222173; 20237496; 20301287; 20352431; 20353032; 20359312; 20360470; 20378664; 20380574; 20385987; 20393185; 20394629; 20396760; 20396799; 20408337; 20416077; 20438363; 20438666; 20453000; 20470393; 20501759; 20505730; 20534173; 20547950; 20553075; 20558744; 20568250; 20572163; 20618494; 20620960; 20628086; 20629322; 20638642; 20658220; 20666744; 20673483; 20682001; 20694011; 20726226; 20737708; 20800603; 20802294; 20813889; 20819778; 20822933; 20842669; 20876301; 20934723; 20935634; 20936988; 20947025; 20951677; 20953611; 20959405; 20960177; 20981796; 21036138; 21041692; 21048031; 21049406; 21076068; 21081533; 21087335; 21103345; 21107705; 21120501; 21131755; 21145805; 21167737; 21173302; 21196076; 21233219; 21250890; 21257927; 21271302; 21286777; 21317766; 21321117; 21324892; 21354149; 21359408; 21382479; 21390503; 21430781; 21454681; 21466843; 21468569; 21485506; 21490157; 21516345; 21518761; 21526201; 21526501; 21528407; 21530489; 21549565; 21550977; 21557211; 21557277; 21613217; 21619451; 21625619; 21651830; 21691772; 21706480; 21717192; 21729539; 21741956; 21752354; 21757675; 21762074; 21792914; 21793106; 21803845; 21806408; 21808135; 21852034; 21864388; 21864851; 21869830; 21879377; 21885602; 21906983; 21910009; 21912376; 21917312; 21940365; 21961589; 21963094; 21971214; 21988832; 22027769; 22036455; 22042271; 22065776; 22076446; 22084312; 22095627; 22147197; 22173501; 22182632; 22183068; 22186140; 22194871; 22197557; 22199270; 22207003; 22211869; 22237435; 22252758; 22285488; 22299671; 22331638; 22344564; 22352690; 22357491; 22364882; 22386066; 22398398; 22422199; 22425739; 22431000; 22438247; 22492046; 22499988; 22508480; 22609371; 22622132; 22631677; 22645131; 22649200; 22669972; 22670178; 22677152; 22683265; 22698280; 22702044; 22706245; 22726303; 22752343; 22771321; 22805310; 22806078; 22815944; 22821704; 22842170; 22864571; 22891283; 22898262; 22934709; 22946667; 22983578; 22992806; 23033661; 23045958; 23053964; 23065220; 23114924; 23152563; 23153021; 23166734; 23234803; 23235765; 23240581; 23251661; 23269121; 23280017; 23285481; 23322903; 23326385; 23326448; 23326557; 23327061; 23330016; 23333919; 23338968; 23364796; 23372841; 23392773; 23420824; 23430061; 23434371; 23492187; 23499736; 23524443; 23580232; 23582102; 23582741; 23590971; 23618817; 23619472; 23636796; 23662689; 23667901; 23681795; 23697029; 23762329; 23770605; 23792529; 23846229; 23865866; 23880344; 23894399; 23900676; 23923075; 23932896; 23979975; 24014103; 24043286; 24091673; 24178789; 24331540 Fas cell surface death receptor Ensembl:ENSG00000026103 HGNC:11920 HPRD:00609 MIM:134637 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018701 Other designations: APO-1 cell surface antigen|CD95 antigen|Delta Fas/APO-1/CD95|FAS 827dupA|FAS receptor variant 9|FASLG receptor|Fas (TNF receptor superfamily, member 6)|Fas AMA|TNF receptor superfamily member 6|apoptosis antigen 1|apoptosis-mediating surface antigen FAS|tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6|tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 6 FAS Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALPS1B APT1LG1 APTL CD178 CD95-L CD95L FASL TNFSF6 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene FASLG Fas ligand (TNF superfamily, member 6) 356 1q23 9606 1 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000122 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17557115); GO_0005102 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7826947); GO_0005125 (EC: IEA); GO_0005164 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12198154); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18835034); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17557115); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7826947); GO_0005901 (EC: IEA); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006919 (EC: IGI, PMID: 19364818); GO_0006919 (EC: IMP, PMID: 18293083); GO_0006919 (EC: TAS); GO_0006925 (EC: IEA); GO_0006955 (EC: IEA); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7826947); GO_0007267 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7826947); GO_0008284 (EC: IEA); GO_0008625 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18835034); GO_0009897 (EC: IEA); GO_0016525 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18835034); GO_0030644 (EC: IEA); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0043065 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14749367); GO_0043123 (EC: IEP, PMID: 12761501); GO_0043202 (EC: IEA); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0045742 (EC: IEA); GO_0046666 (EC: IEA); GO_0048388 (EC: IEA); GO_0048471 (EC: IEA); GO_0060205 (EC: IEA); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17076679); GO_0070231 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17076679); GO_0070266 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11101870); GO_0070848 (EC: IEA); GO_0097190 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11101870); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS); GO_0097191 (EC: IDA); GO_0097527 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11101870); GO_2000353 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18835034); GO_2001239 (EC: TAS) PMID: 7505205; 7528780; 7530336; 7536190; 7539892; 7566174; 7589480; 7826947; 7980502; 8521815; 8681376; 8787672; 8906799; 8910274; 9002959; 9022072; 9126929; 9215629; 9226175; 9228058; 9247148; 9261095; 9405425; 9427603; 9475352; 9672636; 9721089; 9801169; 9872321; 9920849; 9971775; 10072505; 10224289; 10318773; 10630977; 10671224; 10799864; 11013215; 11036836; 11048727; 11101870; 11208609; 11276204; 11438180; 11500835; 11559749; 11606059; 11716959; 11739488; 11741599; 11751256; 11786482; 11788891; 11801650; 11809905; 11830480; 11845233; 11856352; 11882326; 11895550; 11908702; 11909874; 11925103; 11961305; 11965496; 11994433; 11994542; 12009596; 12021072; 12021310; 12023017; 12100038; 12113885; 12137598; 12161534; 12198154; 12208869; 12220636; 12372468; 12393889; 12414525; 12414956; 12421989; 12454289; 12464266; 12477932; 12482410; 12482505; 12490654; 12507389; 12513781; 12515623; 12557947; 12559631; 12583439; 12594300; 12618758; 12629150; 12637505; 12651606; 12698366; 12700199; 12707034; 12710855; 12717632; 12742662; 12742739; 12753742; 12761501; 12783210; 12787425; 12794109; 12803240; 12807917; 12849704; 12854132; 12867600; 12884192; 12887920; 12918731; 12923319; 12928375; 12930319; 14514471; 14534535; 14560009; 14602201; 14625471; 14634098; 14642527; 14644197; 14668794; 14669310; 14698859; 14705811; 14739003; 14739407; 14739535; 14749367; 14962292; 14967838; 14977837; 14988839; 14996347; 15019279; 15042330; 15073283; 15078178; 15093732; 15138553; 15173177; 15178561; 15183989; 15195700; 15218339; 15240787; 15272306; 15277733; 15287856; 15302589; 15314293; 15337758; 15339846; 15358139; 15457562; 15480896; 15489334; 15492869; 15542843; 15557763; 15579659; 15653751; 15659383; 15674374; 15686714; 15694838; 15791651; 15795317; 15803113; 15806311; 15814666; 15816832; 15833141; 15843521; 15849828; 15858021; 15870081; 15870181; 15907374; 15928037; 15936090; 15937082; 15938782; 15962391; 15968727; 15975999; 15979995; 15991293; 15996722; 16000573; 16081306; 16087126; 16124644; 16133992; 16155003; 16157125; 16157266; 16158329; 16163374; 16181301; 16186185; 16204241; 16212902; 16273638; 16282344; 16298578; 16306044; 16313826; 16318909; 16332967; 16332972; 16364925; 16441482; 16474169; 16487513; 16498403; 16512757; 16514159; 16538171; 16538172; 16595635; 16595663; 16601838; 16627752; 16691186; 16710414; 16736614; 16767155; 16770006; 16808908; 16858424; 16868256; 16902496; 16972019; 16987075; 16990614; 17000697; 17008914; 17014925; 17053166; 17056762; 17071607; 17076679; 17101499; 17118988; 17123522; 17123604; 17136494; 17164290; 17173971; 17183065; 17198275; 17290285; 17381722; 17465232; 17491259; 17545588; 17557115; 17559541; 17564320; 17598974; 17605793; 17654480; 17667919; 17688234; 17703232; 17704118; 17704746; 17727731; 17762757; 17823283; 17853317; 17912957; 17916181; 17938571; 17941899; 17943461; 17961631; 17962219; 17966039; 17969524; 17997887; 18000680; 18045865; 18050226; 18057579; 18068525; 18069935; 18076022; 18078642; 18162459; 18174230; 18217400; 18220834; 18292515; 18293083; 18302883; 18314443; 18316328; 18324486; 18359029; 18361934; 18374107; 18383830; 18392917; 18422813; 18427836; 18473402; 18483392; 18501631; 18505906; 18509086; 18541195; 18548110; 18561948; 18567840; 18577653; 18666137; 18676680; 18727868; 18757527; 18789888; 18800686; 18813857; 18818748; 18835034; 18844072; 18854777; 19009351; 19010354; 19015953; 19019335; 19041431; 19052714; 19079288; 19124506; 19141860; 19146781; 19155494; 19170196; 19176318; 19181929; 19183163; 19219602; 19240174; 19244619; 19266094; 19305072; 19332441; 19337311; 19364818; 19390575; 19403301; 19434529; 19458913; 19505222; 19527514; 19531476; 19535642; 19538867; 19542541; 19565204; 19572057; 19573080; 19614955; 19625176; 19628789; 19641134; 19692168; 19773279; 19779494; 19789190; 19807924; 19810143; 19812265; 19826071; 19854829; 19890662; 19926197; 19937732; 19941645; 19960225; 20012528; 20013612; 20074157; 20101459; 20106900; 20150914; 20165911; 20190752; 20193111; 20204402; 20219325; 20222173; 20237496; 20301287; 20353032; 20359312; 20371612; 20378615; 20379197; 20379614; 20385987; 20393600; 20394629; 20406899; 20408337; 20438363; 20501759; 20533543; 20568250; 20572163; 20602615; 20618494; 20624652; 20650551; 20673483; 20675370; 20726934; 20842669; 20959405; 21087335; 21102463; 21107701; 21122378; 21152963; 21159039; 21227011; 21270445; 21271302; 21285513; 21286777; 21354149; 21368861; 21466843; 21516345; 21528407; 21605112; 21691772; 21725926; 21729539; 21746966; 21803845; 21806408; 21807637; 21808135; 21864388; 21864851; 21879377; 21909273; 21910009; 21940365; 21955608; 22027769; 22161157; 22172872; 22182632; 22199323; 22207003; 22211869; 22330070; 22331638; 22341864; 22344564; 22449797; 22461695; 22499988; 22535954; 22558309; 22609371; 22631677; 22645131; 22702044; 22706245; 22726303; 22732091; 22763913; 22821704; 22842170; 22860894; 22927007; 22946667; 23045958; 23065018; 23076876; 23128233; 23153021; 23177026; 23184030; 23192951; 23234803; 23269121; 23280017; 23285481; 23330016; 23392773; 23405244; 23420824; 23504349; 23534738; 23582102; 23618817; 23681795; 23682624; 23697029; 23923075; 24072745; 24178789; 24184557; 24265545; 24291222 Fas ligand (TNF superfamily, member 6) Ensembl:ENSG00000117560 HGNC:11936 HPRD:00610 MIM:134638 Vega:OTTHUMG00000034841 Other designations: CD95 ligand|apoptosis (APO-1) antigen ligand 1|apoptosis antigen ligand|fas antigen ligand|tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 6|tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 FASLG Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AC ACDase ASAH PHP PHP32 SMAPME WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ASAH1 N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (acid ceramidase) 1 427 HSD33 8p22 9606 8 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003824 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8955159); GO_0006665 (EC: TAS); GO_0006672 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8955159); GO_0006687 (EC: TAS); GO_0008219 (EC: IEA); GO_0010033 (EC: IEA); GO_0017040 (EC: TAS); GO_0030324 (EC: IEA); GO_0043202 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867) PMID: 7744740; 8125298; 8889549; 8955159; 9838138; 10610716; 10959093; 10974027; 11241842; 11451951; 12477932; 12638942; 12754519; 12764132; 12815059; 14702039; 15088070; 15210766; 15489334; 16169070; 16263699; 16335952; 16344560; 16500425; 16806233; 17713573; 17881906; 18245333; 18477771; 19056867; 19298866; 19905902; 19913121; 20360068; 20379614; 20520628; 20628086; 20871013; 21139048; 21335555; 21375364; 21493710; 21504271; 21552555; 21700700; 21846728; 21890473; 21893389; 21988832; 22079093; 22261821; 22268729; 22322590; 22515519; 22703880; 22927646; 23423838; 23518908; 23602568; 23707712; 23777806; 24091326 N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (acid ceramidase) 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000104763 HGNC:735 HPRD:01969 MIM:613468 Vega:OTTHUMG00000096997 Other designations: acid CDase|acid ceramidase|acylsphingosine deacylase|putative 32 kDa heart protein ASAH1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ACY2 ASP WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ASPA aspartoacylase 443 17p13.3 20140408 9606 17 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004046 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8252036); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0006533 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8252036); GO_0016788 (EC: IEA); GO_0019807 (EC: IEA); GO_0022010 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0048714 (EC: IEA) PMID: 27051; 3116332; 7599639; 7668285; 8023850; 8088831; 8252036; 8659549; 9407392; 10564886; 10837925; 10909858; 12205125; 12477932; 12638939; 12706335; 14699612; 15489334; 16189514; 16437572; 16669630; 16935940; 17027983; 17194761; 17391648; 18029348; 18264947; 18293939; 20201926; 20301412; 22019069; 22219087; 22468686; 22750302; 22878930; 23049088 aspartoacylase HGNC:756 HPRD:02033 MIM:608034 Other designations: ACY-2|aminoacylase 2|aminoacylase-2 ASPA Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He EWS-ATF1 FUS/ATF-1 TREB36 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ATF1 activating transcription factor 1 466 12q13 9606 12 GO_0002224 (EC: TAS); GO_0002755 (EC: TAS); GO_0002756 (EC: TAS); GO_0003700 (EC: TAS, PMID:2196176); GO_0003705 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:10722738); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005667 (EC: IEA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0010976 (EC: IEA); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0032025 (EC: IEA); GO_0032403 (EC: IEA); GO_0034134 (EC: TAS); GO_0034138 (EC: TAS); GO_0034142 (EC: TAS); GO_0034146 (EC: TAS); GO_0034162 (EC: TAS); GO_0034166 (EC: TAS); GO_0035666 (EC: TAS); GO_0038123 (EC: TAS); GO_0038124 (EC: TAS); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA); GO_0043623 (EC: IEA); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045740 (EC: IEA); GO_0045944 (EC: IEA); GO_0046982 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0051403 (EC: TAS) PMID:1655749; 2196176; 2516827; 7730336; 8384217; 8401579; 8570175; 8621702; 8663317; 8798441; 8889548; 9016641; 9671480; 9685505; 9824209; 10567391; 10585419; 10722738; 10945975; 11014230; 11018520; 11877423; 11909979; 11992546; 12195699; 12391222; 12444143; 12477932; 12527906; 12631284; 12734209; 12748173; 12760902; 12805554; 14767471; 15041276; 15276183; 15489334; 15806162; 15884099; 16227528; 16327442; 16344560; 16716376; 17565989; 18794154; 18950845; 19561568; 19714462; 19913121; 19950226; 20398657; 20413592; 20453000; 20536573; 20628086; 20945072; 20972440; 21484932; 21658281; 21890473; 21963094; 22052915; 22505724; 22510762; 22631637; 22939629; 23000965; 24051143 activating transcription factor 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000123268 HGNC:783 HPRD:00440 MIM:123803 Vega:OTTHUMG00000169482 Other designations: cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1|cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 ATF1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ATF3 activating transcription factor 3 467 RP11-338C15.1 1q32.3 9606 1 GO_0003700 (EC: IEA); GO_0003714 (EC: TAS, PMID:7515060); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:16291753); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA); GO_0006094 (EC: IEA); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0006987 (EC: TAS); GO_0008284 (EC: IEA); GO_0030968 (EC: TAS); GO_0035914 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI, PMID:18255255); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA); GO_0044267 (EC: TAS); GO_0045892 (EC: IEA) PMID:1827203; 2516827; 7515060; 7692236; 8152431; 8576171; 8622660; 8649793; 11375399; 11726207; 11792711; 11810028; 12034827; 12161427; 12372430; 12386811; 12392999; 12477932; 12718878; 12805554; 12833146; 12881527; 14667575; 14673171; 14702039; 14759258; 15280448; 15385533; 15489334; 15670751; 15933712; 16079301; 16109718; 16169070; 16263788; 16286461; 16291753; 16306208; 16344560; 16484797; 16613840; 16912181; 16989641; 17014422; 17042743; 17102133; 17178897; 17295236; 17437852; 17599613; 17952119; 18001166; 18029348; 18192274; 18235102; 18255255; 18426833; 18692824; 18755691; 18802113; 18922905; 19050264; 19060337; 19136462; 19164757; 19219066; 19582787; 19647793; 19913121; 19932681; 20002170; 20110283; 20167600; 20180416; 20211142; 20215396; 20304822; 20351107; 20360311; 20398657; 20413626; 20423458; 20485437; 20581861; 20592017; 20628086; 20696134; 20930144; 21061913; 21129190; 21139048; 21191795; 21294679; 21300803; 21315420; 21324310; 21414204; 21421043; 21451046; 21454613; 21467165; 21495874; 21514952; 21554132; 21593605; 21629765; 21645504; 21668942; 21693764; 21801305; 21821004; 21844328; 21900211; 21906983; 21927023; 21986529; 22046379; 22179317; 22347845; 22475484; 22485215; 22665497; 22753726; 22764884; 22768301; 22851689; 22939624; 22978410; 22989952; 22991139; 23002211; 23088992; 23187734; 23269699; 23455924; 23536558; 23560949; 23661758; 23733932; 23868936; 23921126; 24098051 activating transcription factor 3 Other designations: cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3|cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 ATF3 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CREB-2 CREB2 TAXREB67 TXREB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ATF4 activating transcription factor 4 468 22q13.1 9606 22 GO_0003677 (EC: IDA, PMID:15788408); GO_0003677 (EC: ISS); GO_0003700 (EC: ISS); GO_0003700 (EC: TAS, PMID:12689582); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:11238952); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA, PMID:16682973); GO_0005634 (EC: ISS); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005667 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: ISS); GO_0005815 (EC: IEA); GO_0006094 (EC: ISS); GO_0006355 (EC: ISS); GO_0006366 (EC: ISS); GO_0006520 (EC: TAS, PMID:12689582); GO_0006987 (EC: TAS); GO_0007214 (EC: IEA); GO_0008022 (EC: IEA); GO_0030968 (EC: TAS); GO_0032590 (EC: IEA); GO_0034976 (EC: IDA, PMID:19061639); GO_0043267 (EC: IEA); GO_0043525 (EC: ISS); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA); GO_0044267 (EC: TAS); GO_0045893 (EC: IDA, PMID:15775988); GO_0045893 (EC: IMP, PMID:11960987); GO_0045893 (EC: ISS); GO_0045893 (EC: NAS, PMID:9190894); GO_0045944 (EC: IMP, PMID:15788408); GO_0045944 (EC: ISS); GO_0070059 (EC: ISS) PMID:1371974; 1534408; 1827203; 1847461; 2516827; 8939898; 9190894; 9295363; 9488481; 10419887; 10591208; 11018027; 11025215; 11087824; 11238952; 11274184; 11564156; 11960987; 12477932; 12689582; 12743605; 12805554; 12812986; 12860379; 14561767; 14623284; 14630807; 14630918; 14695168; 14747470; 15277680; 15314157; 15385533; 15461802; 15475356; 15489334; 15677469; 15775988; 15788408; 16169070; 16189514; 16219772; 16343488; 16682973; 16687408; 16751776; 17042743; 17346882; 17347301; 17369260; 17684156; 17707795; 17726049; 17822787; 17938202; 17996332; 18052253; 18163433; 18171674; 18189280; 18195013; 18255255; 18276110; 18408768; 18451308; 18635891; 18697751; 18940792; 19017641; 19053519; 19061639; 19073601; 19114033; 19164757; 19193809; 19251251; 19417138; 19447967; 19453261; 19509279; 19855386; 19922526; 19946894; 20022965; 20185790; 20211142; 20398657; 20473272; 20514020; 20551969; 20564243; 20592469; 20724472; 20732869; 20873783; 20936779; 21044953; 21087962; 21113145; 21203563; 21244365; 21683813; 21693764; 21706477; 21801305; 21832049; 21866569; 21906983; 21951999; 21963094; 21966512; 21988832; 22007000; 22016052; 22017875; 22050711; 22052162; 22082360; 22233381; 22246806; 22338651; 22363646; 22422769; 22435535; 22485215; 22609407; 22691366; 22813743; 22848420; 22915762; 22955275; 23001845; 23078367; 23090478; 23128233; 23153536; 23205607; 23241898; 23242184; 23339444; 23392669; 23471465; 23661758; 23665047; 23792164; 23908598; 23975372; 24021586 activating transcription factor 4 Ensembl:ENSG00000128272 HGNC:786 HPRD:06817 MIM:604064 Vega:OTTHUMG00000151099 Other designations: DNA-binding protein TAXREB67|cAMP response element-binding protein 2|cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4|cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2|cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4|cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 2|tax-responsive enhancer element B67|tax-responsive enhancer element-binding protein 67 ATF4 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He FCTCS FRP1 MEC1 SCKL SCKL1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ATR ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related 545 3q23 9606 3 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000077 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14657349); GO_0001741 (EC: IEA); GO_0003677 (EC: IEA); GO_0004672 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14657349); GO_0004674 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9733515); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 14657349); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005694 (EC: ISS); GO_0006260 (EC: TAS); GO_0006281 (EC: TAS); GO_0006974 (EC: TAS, PMID: 15538388); GO_0007049 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9590286); GO_0007275 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9590286); GO_0008156 (EC: IMP, PMID: 14657349); GO_0016605 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12814551); GO_0018105 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9733515); GO_0032405 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16713580); GO_0032407 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16713580); GO_0034644 (EC: IMP, PMID: 9925639); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0043393 (EC: IEA); GO_0043517 (EC: IMP, PMID: 9925639); GO_0046777 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9733515); GO_0071480 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9925639); GO_0090399 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15149599) PMID: 8610130; 8843195; 8978690; 9427750; 9590286; 9636169; 9733515; 9765199; 9766667; 9857181; 9925639; 10435622; 10545197; 10597277; 10608806; 10673501; 10747897; 10749680; 10859164; 10889046; 10951572; 10973490; 11016625; 11114888; 11163154; 11252893; 11278964; 11390642; 11393670; 11418864; 11459832; 11470508; 11551930; 11673449; 11688760; 11709713; 11715017; 11721054; 11790298; 11799063; 11865061; 11883897; 11927575; 12011431; 12024051; 12147700; 12446774; 12493754; 12519769; 12526805; 12629512; 12640452; 12679521; 12738771; 12766152; 12773400; 12791699; 12791985; 12814551; 12915485; 12959929; 14657349; 14724280; 14729972; 14729973; 14742437; 14755251; 14871897; 14988723; 15050919; 15149599; 15159397; 15195100; 15210935; 15235112; 15279777; 15282542; 15302935; 15314022; 15374968; 15451423; 15456891; 15466211; 15485898; 15496423; 15527801; 15533933; 15538388; 15539948; 15616588; 15635413; 15640246; 15650165; 15650754; 15680327; 15707391; 15734998; 15743907; 15758953; 15775976; 15854902; 15933716; 15987455; 16009130; 16051665; 16086026; 16122425; 16122426; 16195237; 16260606; 16293623; 16306615; 16354571; 16431910; 16436511; 16461339; 16474843; 16488880; 16530042; 16540648; 16675950; 16705183; 16713580; 16738325; 16741947; 16757521; 16827800; 16872911; 16880517; 16909103; 16943440; 16951182; 16956949; 16968694; 17010193; 17015476; 17030982; 17035231; 17118963; 17124492; 17140287; 17148452; 17157788; 17210576; 17260016; 17272271; 17292679; 17376433; 17384638; 17384681; 17409144; 17478428; 17526493; 17616578; 17616665; 17620599; 17638878; 17686975; 17716975; 17879369; 17934520; 17976513; 18003706; 18025301; 18032786; 18160036; 18162465; 18202016; 18245444; 18283122; 18344416; 18357388; 18381943; 18434539; 18451105; 18451257; 18480045; 18495871; 18514189; 18519640; 18536714; 18550533; 18583959; 18625709; 18642075; 18664457; 18757420; 18931676; 18936170; 18950845; 18985806; 18995830; 19004803; 19064565; 19064572; 19074885; 19097996; 19109555; 19116388; 19119425; 19124506; 19146767; 19154794; 19197236; 19242509; 19244116; 19275579; 19275588; 19285939; 19330022; 19351817; 19372558; 19444312; 19470935; 19477925; 19527713; 19536649; 19570909; 19584262; 19586908; 19633697; 19690177; 19714462; 19798433; 19805520; 19828454; 19889979; 19903823; 20005840; 20008788; 20012529; 20029092; 20048340; 20060399; 20084458; 20103595; 20147462; 20233725; 20301772; 20347598; 20368801; 20424596; 20427275; 20427287; 20453000; 20469721; 20496165; 20513533; 20515729; 20566845; 20616048; 20634891; 20731661; 20798688; 20801936; 20810650; 20818375; 20847938; 20861269; 20930849; 21034966; 21139048; 21144835; 21224401; 21242293; 21270107; 21284603; 21285353; 21294646; 21308861; 21383502; 21502314; 21566061; 21659603; 21680529; 21705319; 21857991; 21859891; 21874023; 21890473; 21906983; 21908846; 21963094; 21976111; 21994772; 21995812; 21998596; 22053931; 22084169; 22123827; 22159421; 22174788; 22179839; 22184063; 22341969; 22435685; 22505724; 22535492; 22556425; 22621920; 22713662; 22735644; 22740051; 22797063; 22807682; 22842784; 22939629; 22948311; 23000965; 23029527; 23085754; 23135710; 23144622; 23176708; 23178497; 23255133; 23272087; 23284306; 23345434; 23401567; 23438602; 23447674; 23447702; 23451157; 23454212; 23548269; 23592782; 23592994; 23600770; 23684611; 23696651; 23698467; 23733185; 23807228; 23844225; 23861882; 23873943; 23874235; 23897887; 23901102; 23956138; 24005565; 24045107; 24267891 ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related Ensembl:ENSG00000175054 HGNC:882 HPRD:08369 MIM:601215 Vega:OTTHUMG00000159234 Other designations: FRAP-related protein 1|FRAP-related protein-1|MEC1, mitosis entry checkpoint 1, homolog|Rad3 related protein|ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein|protein kinase ATR|serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR ATR Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BBC2 BCL2L8 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BAD BCL2-associated agonist of cell death 572 11q13.1 9606 11 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001836 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10949025); GO_0005543 (EC: IMP); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005741 (EC: IDA); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006007 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19667065); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7834748); GO_0006919 (EC: ISS); GO_0007173 (EC: TAS); GO_0008289 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19667065); GO_0008543 (EC: TAS); GO_0008625 (EC: IEA); GO_0008630 (EC: IEA); GO_0008656 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18402937); GO_0009749 (EC: IEA); GO_0010508 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0010918 (EC: ISS); GO_0019050 (EC: IEA); GO_0019221 (EC: IEA); GO_0019901 (EC: IPI, PMID: 17270021); GO_0030346 (EC: IEA); GO_0032024 (EC: ISS); GO_0032355 (EC: IEA); GO_0032570 (EC: IEA); GO_0033133 (EC: ISS); GO_0033574 (EC: IEA); GO_0034201 (EC: IEA); GO_0035774 (EC: IEA); GO_0038095 (EC: TAS); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0042542 (EC: IEA); GO_0042593 (EC: ISS); GO_0043065 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9388232); GO_0043065 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0043065 (EC: TAS); GO_0043200 (EC: IEA); GO_0043280 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18402937); GO_0043422 (EC: IEA); GO_0044342 (EC: ISS); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0045579 (EC: IEA); GO_0045582 (EC: IEA); GO_0045862 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18387192); GO_0046031 (EC: ISS); GO_0046034 (EC: ISS); GO_0046902 (EC: IMP); GO_0046931 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19667065); GO_0046982 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0048015 (EC: TAS); GO_0050679 (EC: IMP, PMID: 19593445); GO_0051384 (EC: IEA); GO_0051592 (EC: IEA); GO_0060139 (EC: IEA); GO_0060154 (EC: IEA); GO_0071247 (EC: IEA); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID: 19593445); GO_0071316 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18676776); GO_0071396 (EC: IEA); GO_0071456 (EC: IEP); GO_0090200 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS); GO_0097191 (EC: IMP, PMID: 18852119); GO_0097192 (EC: IEA); GO_0097193 (EC: IMP, PMID: 18676776); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097202 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18387192); GO_1900740 (EC: TAS); GO_1901216 (EC: IEA); GO_2000078 (EC: ISS); GO_2001244 (EC: TAS) PMID: 7834748; 8929531; 8929532; 9130713; 9305851; 9369453; 9381178; 9388232; 9389483; 9463381; 9651683; 9824152; 9878060; 9973195; 10195903; 10381646; 10407019; 10521512; 10558990; 10579309; 10611223; 10620799; 10811615; 10837486; 10837489; 10880354; 10949025; 10949026; 11077446; 11206074; 11278245; 11410287; 11483855; 11494146; 11500364; 11544290; 11583631; 11689886; 11697890; 11717309; 11739707; 11742726; 11781193; 11839683; 11878929; 11908866; 11994280; 12084714; 12087097; 12115603; 12137781; 12239175; 12376548; 12477932; 12657644; 12754297; 12787561; 12842996; 12897128; 12931191; 12954615; 12965220; 14702039; 14767529; 14967141; 15033904; 15078178; 15131699; 15183529; 15226424; 15231831; 15280438; 15489334; 15574335; 15694340; 15705582; 15721256; 15731037; 15751984; 15767261; 15784622; 15849194; 15901741; 15978696; 15990872; 15998799; 16148027; 16189514; 16297499; 16403219; 16413544; 16445909; 16484005; 16603546; 16697956; 16710454; 16728406; 16767165; 16785131; 16843435; 16847055; 16908594; 16932738; 16949642; 16978419; 17011751; 17110373; 17270021; 17274640; 17287851; 17289999; 17393317; 17404594; 17420275; 17438366; 17446862; 17457084; 17474147; 17499381; 17541305; 17544220; 17557568; 17670745; 17696955; 17696989; 17900801; 17927446; 17979178; 18006502; 18029348; 18165867; 18246127; 18276761; 18309324; 18387192; 18391004; 18402774; 18402937; 18420586; 18449891; 18508762; 18508827; 18568448; 18593990; 18628207; 18636124; 18651163; 18651222; 18676776; 18775810; 18798227; 18832722; 18852119; 18973553; 19168699; 19171933; 19508210; 19587239; 19593445; 19624871; 19641507; 19667065; 19679565; 19730683; 19773546; 19882362; 19895838; 19913121; 20012528; 20043968; 20339252; 20596645; 20618440; 20628086; 20647330; 20691103; 20700721; 20810912; 20855536; 20877624; 20936779; 21076048; 21081150; 21187157; 21302807; 21317286; 21419810; 21444773; 21674599; 21849418; 21900206; 21918885; 21988832; 22011203; 22057915; 22096607; 22172950; 22214866; 22423221; 22464442; 22805310; 22837380; 23135712; 23383273; 23547889; 24255178 BCL2-associated agonist of cell death Ensembl:ENSG00000002330 HGNC:936 HPRD:04409 MIM:603167 Vega:OTTHUMG00000134302 Other designations: BCL-X/BCL-2 binding protein|BCL2-antagonist of cell death protein|BCL2-binding component 6|BCL2-binding protein|bcl-2-binding component 6|bcl-2-like protein 8|bcl-XL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter|bcl2 antagonist of cell death|bcl2-L-8 BAD Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BAK BAK-LIKE BCL2L7 CDN1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BAK1 BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 578 6p21.3 9606 6 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001782 (EC: IEA); GO_0001783 (EC: IEA); GO_0001836 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16199525); GO_0001836 (EC: IGI); GO_0001974 (EC: IEA); GO_0002262 (EC: IEA); GO_0002352 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10381623); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0005741 (EC: IBA); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005783 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0007420 (EC: IEA); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0008053 (EC: IEA); GO_0008283 (EC: IEA); GO_0008285 (EC: IEA); GO_0008630 (EC: IBA); GO_0008635 (EC: IEA); GO_0009620 (EC: IEA); GO_0010046 (EC: IEA); GO_0010225 (EC: IEA); GO_0010248 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0010332 (EC: IEA); GO_0010524 (EC: IEA); GO_0010629 (EC: IEA); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0031018 (EC: IEA); GO_0031072 (EC: IEA); GO_0031100 (EC: IEA); GO_0031307 (EC: ISS); GO_0032469 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0032471 (EC: IEA); GO_0033137 (EC: IEA); GO_0034644 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15901672); GO_0034644 (EC: ISS); GO_0035108 (EC: IEA); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0042542 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI, PMID: 15901672); GO_0042803 (EC: IBA); GO_0043065 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0043496 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043497 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9111042); GO_0044346 (EC: IEA); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0045862 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18387192); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0046902 (EC: IDA); GO_0046930 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0046982 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10837489); GO_0048597 (EC: IEA); GO_0051087 (EC: IEA); GO_0051400 (EC: IEA); GO_0051726 (EC: IEA); GO_0051881 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0060068 (EC: IEA); GO_0070059 (EC: IEA); GO_0070242 (EC: IEA); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID: 19593445); GO_0090200 (EC: IEA); GO_0097190 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15901672); GO_0097192 (EC: IBA); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097202 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18387192); GO_1900103 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16645094); GO_1901030 (EC: TAS); GO_1902262 (EC: IEA) PMID: 7715729; 7715730; 7715731; 8521816; 8887627; 9020082; 9111042; 9463381; 9573342; 9843949; 9878060; 10085290; 10365962; 10381623; 10381646; 10579309; 10639121; 10837489; 10950869; 11175750; 11206074; 11326099; 11571294; 11728179; 11795669; 11867266; 11908704; 11929871; 11932420; 11940658; 11964315; 12070120; 12137781; 12176904; 12297281; 12454021; 12477932; 12624108; 12624178; 12721291; 12808108; 12847083; 12881569; 14574404; 14596824; 14647456; 14702039; 14980220; 15003505; 15077116; 15124764; 15159409; 15194786; 15248898; 15292519; 15322047; 15351796; 15467752; 15478112; 15489334; 15637055; 15638360; 15638362; 15757910; 15846303; 15846589; 15901672; 16172118; 16199525; 16341674; 16376985; 16410245; 16436379; 16439990; 16529740; 16645094; 16712791; 16794010; 16847458; 16874066; 16978419; 16988840; 17015472; 17074758; 17188240; 17227835; 17235284; 17289999; 17353931; 17513609; 17686864; 17698840; 17699158; 17724463; 17879944; 17880809; 17927446; 17991745; 18056640; 18178565; 18251703; 18299329; 18309324; 18349538; 18362892; 18387192; 18413764; 18471982; 18472157; 18524770; 18593893; 18636124; 18665919; 18676680; 18715924; 18927073; 19041633; 19056676; 19060904; 19074885; 19135534; 19148187; 19168699; 19170196; 19255499; 19282307; 19343496; 19351886; 19381065; 19463775; 19481066; 19483681; 19514060; 19587033; 19593445; 19625176; 19692168; 19820697; 19875445; 19898928; 19913121; 19955184; 20034877; 20139978; 20308427; 20428767; 20453000; 20460378; 20503275; 20561923; 20618440; 20628086; 20629644; 20836993; 20855536; 20877624; 20930068; 20959805; 20978950; 21036904; 21041309; 21148306; 21158936; 21159883; 21196599; 21233848; 21613222; 21617256; 21656147; 21658363; 21712378; 21726118; 21727192; 21852253; 21900206; 21988832; 22024133; 22056880; 22065578; 22072546; 22139419; 22188816; 22253918; 22257632; 22297299; 22354970; 22378505; 22423221; 22440942; 22479585; 22493436; 22504646; 22515821; 22526391; 22686245; 22700719; 22719244; 22939629; 23140172; 23189150; 23192964; 23217248; 23229512; 23242420; 23251661; 23263863; 23283967; 23303126; 23389372; 23404709; 23480852; 23604079; 23666239; 23666240; 23770605; 23798675; 23928699; 23954442; 23954445; 23966164; 24026423; 24074954; 24097825; 24100034; 24265320 BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000030110 HGNC:949 HPRD:02744 MIM:600516 Vega:OTTHUMG00000014530 Other designations: BCL2-like 7 protein|apoptosis regulator BAK|bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer|bcl-2-like protein 7|bcl2-L-7|pro-apoptotic protein BAK BAK1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BCL2L4 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BAX BCL2-associated X protein 581 19q13.3-q13.4 9606 19 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001101 (EC: IEA); GO_0001541 (EC: IEA); GO_0001764 (EC: IEA); GO_0001777 (EC: IEA); GO_0001782 (EC: IEA); GO_0001783 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15214043); GO_0001822 (EC: IEA); GO_0001836 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16199525); GO_0001844 (EC: IEA); GO_0001974 (EC: IEA); GO_0002262 (EC: IEA); GO_0002352 (EC: IEA); GO_0002358 (EC: IEA); GO_0002904 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10753914); GO_0005634 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15102863); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11912183); GO_0005741 (EC: IBA); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005757 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0005783 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16424160); GO_0005789 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16424160); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11912183); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006687 (EC: IEA); GO_0006808 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: NAS, PMID: 9920818); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006919 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11912183); GO_0006919 (EC: IMP, PMID: 11350920); GO_0006927 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10739008); GO_0007281 (EC: IEA); GO_0008053 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14769861); GO_0008289 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14522999); GO_0008625 (EC: IC, PMID: 16199525); GO_0008630 (EC: IBA); GO_0008635 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15214043); GO_0008637 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0009566 (EC: IEA); GO_0009636 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16307838); GO_0009651 (EC: IEA); GO_0010248 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0010332 (EC: IEA); GO_0015267 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0016032 (EC: IEA); GO_0021854 (EC: IEA); GO_0021987 (EC: IEA); GO_0030264 (EC: IEA); GO_0032091 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9388232); GO_0032461 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19805544); GO_0032469 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0032471 (EC: IEA); GO_0032976 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0033137 (EC: IEA); GO_0033599 (EC: IEA); GO_0034644 (EC: IEA); GO_0035234 (EC: IEA); GO_0042475 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10620504); GO_0042803 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16608847); GO_0042803 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043065 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0043496 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043497 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043524 (EC: IEA); GO_0043525 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15637643); GO_0043653 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12499352); GO_0045136 (EC: IEA); GO_0046666 (EC: IEA); GO_0046930 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0046982 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9111042); GO_0048087 (EC: IEA); GO_0048147 (EC: IEA); GO_0048515 (EC: IEA); GO_0048597 (EC: IEA); GO_0048678 (EC: IEA); GO_0048873 (EC: IEA); GO_0051259 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19074440); GO_0051260 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14522999); GO_0051281 (EC: IEA); GO_0051402 (EC: IEA); GO_0051434 (EC: IDA); GO_0051434 (EC: IPI, PMID: 15705586); GO_0051726 (EC: IEA); GO_0051881 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9843949); GO_0060011 (EC: IEA); GO_0060041 (EC: IEA); GO_0060058 (EC: IEA); GO_0060068 (EC: IEA); GO_0070059 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16645094); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA); GO_0070242 (EC: IEA); GO_0071310 (EC: IEA); GO_0072332 (EC: IEA); GO_0090200 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14963330); GO_0097136 (EC: IDA); GO_0097144 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19767770); GO_0097190 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16424160); GO_0097191 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15214043); GO_0097192 (EC: IBA); GO_0097193 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16462759); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097296 (EC: IEA); GO_1900103 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16645094); GO_1901030 (EC: TAS); GO_1902262 (EC: IEA); GO_1902263 (EC: IEA); GO_1902512 (EC: IMP, PMID: 11350920); GO_1990009 (EC: IMP, PMID: 10702418); GO_1990117 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15214043); GO_2001234 (EC: IEA); GO_2001241 (EC: IEA); GO_2001244 (EC: IMP, PMID: 14963330) PMID: 7566098; 7607685; 7834749; 8358790; 8521816; 8580080; 8760290; 8889548; 8961277; 9020077; 9027312; 9111042; 9130713; 9153240; 9219694; 9372935; 9388232; 9449720; 9463381; 9531611; 9565621; 9742125; 9748162; 9824152; 9843949; 9920818; 9988273; 10200447; 10365962; 10381646; 10437917; 10620504; 10620603; 10620799; 10629050; 10702418; 10716992; 10739008; 10753914; 10772918; 10837489; 10854321; 10908576; 10942389; 11060313; 11106734; 11136736; 11161816; 11175251; 11175336; 11251969; 11259440; 11278245; 11283018; 11350920; 11437653; 11571294; 11574543; 11602639; 11642719; 11742726; 11759059; 11759062; 11782443; 11787859; 11839668; 11839683; 11842081; 11850803; 11850816; 11852106; 11867266; 11869962; 11875499; 11894116; 11899739; 11909872; 11911971; 11912124; 11912183; 11922616; 11929871; 11932420; 11943780; 11949842; 11992551; 11994280; 11997495; 12023951; 12025227; 12032841; 12036888; 12058280; 12070030; 12070120; 12082629; 12137781; 12151395; 12161031; 12165421; 12169275; 12176904; 12189556; 12193163; 12214154; 12215338; 12215842; 12270344; 12359369; 12388688; 12389125; 12393866; 12393884; 12408758; 12419244; 12426317; 12439925; 12445631; 12454021; 12477729; 12477932; 12481899; 12490315; 12496485; 12499352; 12510156; 12575534; 12579342; 12583439; 12592374; 12606781; 12732850; 12737446; 12743423; 12749011; 12767928; 12782632; 12808108; 12816867; 12837286; 12839682; 12853473; 12901880; 12907654; 12917444; 12963997; 12970744; 14522999; 14550297; 14559989; 14596892; 14606101; 14612448; 14612938; 14628086; 14631373; 14634023; 14647416; 14647455; 14661970; 14681224; 14698203; 14704000; 14714449; 14716828; 14719078; 14730312; 14752512; 14766748; 14767525; 14769861; 14963330; 14971737; 14980220; 15024076; 15033690; 15037603; 15073604; 15077116; 15096513; 15102863; 15131699; 15148411; 15149158; 15158440; 15214043; 15231068; 15254227; 15258908; 15262986; 15292938; 15298965; 15302859; 15304079; 15314639; 15322047; 15351796; 15375594; 15375604; 15383280; 15388581; 15459197; 15467752; 15484294; 15489334; 15516208; 15555592; 15574335; 15607964; 15613549; 15637055; 15637643; 15638363; 15642728; 15655830; 15657356; 15688029; 15694358; 15705586; 15710329; 15735127; 15735709; 15743033; 15743760; 15757910; 15764647; 15767261; 15770735; 15773546; 15782132; 15806163; 15830715; 15832769; 15843890; 15846375; 15889622; 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23777485; 23788040; 23824909; 23900080; 23900644; 23907458; 23907941; 23908591; 23966164; 24055994; 24074954; 24100034; 24113173; 24161344; 24200861; 24379070 BCL2-associated X protein Ensembl:ENSG00000087088 HGNC:959 HPRD:02498 MIM:600040 Vega:OTTHUMG00000160476 Other designations: BCL2-associated X protein omega|BCL2-associated X protein transcript variant delta2|apoptosis regulator BAX|bcl-2-like protein 4|bcl2-L-4 BAX Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BCL1 D11S287E PRAD1 U21B31 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCND1 cyclin D1 595 11q13 9606 11 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000082 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19412162); GO_0000082 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18483258); GO_0000122 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16569215); GO_0000278 (EC: TAS); GO_0000307 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17420273); GO_0000320 (EC: IEA); GO_0001889 (EC: IEA); GO_0001934 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8114739); GO_0003714 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16569215); GO_0004672 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 15232106); GO_0005622 (EC: IDA); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005923 (EC: IEA); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0006974 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19412162); GO_0007219 (EC: TAS); GO_0007595 (EC: IEA); GO_0008134 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16569215); GO_0010039 (EC: IEA); GO_0010165 (EC: IEA); GO_0010243 (EC: IEA); GO_0010971 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19124461); GO_0016020 (EC: IEA); GO_0016538 (EC: IEA); GO_0017053 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16569215); GO_0019899 (EC: IPI, PMID: 19412162); GO_0019901 (EC: IPI, PMID: 19124461); GO_0030178 (EC: IEA); GO_0030857 (EC: IEA); GO_0030968 (EC: IEA); GO_0031100 (EC: IEA); GO_0031571 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19412162); GO_0032026 (EC: IEA); GO_0032403 (EC: IEA); GO_0033197 (EC: IEA); GO_0033327 (EC: IEA); GO_0033598 (EC: IEA); GO_0033601 (EC: IEA); GO_0042493 (EC: IEP, PMID: 18291362); GO_0042826 (EC: IPI, PMID: 18417529); GO_0043627 (EC: IEA); GO_0045444 (EC: IEA); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0045737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8114739); GO_0051301 (EC: IEA); GO_0051412 (EC: IEA); GO_0051592 (EC: IEA); GO_0060070 (EC: IEA); GO_0060749 (EC: IEA); GO_0070064 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19124461); GO_0070141 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18483258); GO_0071157 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19124461) PMID: 1386335; 1532244; 1535701; 1682919; 1826542; 1827756; 1833066; 1833629; 6610211; 7478582; 7568034; 7665234; 7687458; 7733934; 7739547; 7903056; 7908906; 8058338; 8058751; 8101826; 8114739; 8134134; 8136159; 8159685; 8204893; 8208539; 8259215; 8302605; 8490963; 8643455; 8647086; 8657154; 8662825; 8756624; 8826947; 8867812; 8887674; 8978686; 8999999; 9003781; 9039267; 9050835; 9106657; 9139732; 9150368; 9178893; 9190208; 9228064; 9244350; 9311993; 9372967; 9380698; 9426067; 9626345; 9632134; 9661876; 9736735; 9832502; 9832503; 9837900; 9926939; 10066798; 10202152; 10318892; 10344732; 10353443; 10371345; 10486249; 10491434; 10500095; 10580009; 10581175; 10645009; 10764802; 10766840; 10801854; 10850422; 10908655; 10910956; 10952989; 11042687; 11073968; 11076863; 11126356; 11256614; 11279133; 11311237; 11360184; 11470749; 11593423; 11642719; 11696452; 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21946890; 21952639; 21955753; 21956468; 21963094; 21965784; 21972713; 21987572; 21988832; 21989330; 21989926; 22002566; 22024187; 22037875; 22050898; 22052559; 22065993; 22072615; 22100494; 22102309; 22133292; 22135025; 22150974; 22158041; 22204713; 22231956; 22234583; 22260073; 22261253; 22266466; 22289525; 22296356; 22304571; 22306268; 22307325; 22318732; 22321253; 22322158; 22336657; 22357515; 22369110; 22387541; 22391566; 22399638; 22406359; 22406644; 22451658; 22456513; 22460364; 22467101; 22467868; 22475046; 22484283; 22490843; 22528945; 22534667; 22553812; 22565393; 22581837; 22590809; 22606291; 22629227; 22640743; 22647349; 22647378; 22706868; 22707287; 22711989; 22722256; 22747683; 22760121; 22770229; 22776845; 22790016; 22801439; 22812184; 22814742; 22819905; 22833568; 22853846; 22864797; 22884659; 22884800; 22893700; 22901215; 22905217; 22905260; 22922827; 22926658; 22967707; 22976805; 22982899; 23000965; 23001925; 23020291; 23031786; 23044415; 23060014; 23108396; 23111452; 23125009; 23126531; 23135283; 23144465; 23161911; 23163571; 23201130; 23217712; 23222716; 23226276; 23244103; 23255553; 23261678; 23270726; 23292829; 23300886; 23311506; 23315417; 23322406; 23327593; 23354584; 23383003; 23383271; 23388457; 23390492; 23396251; 23400686; 23455922; 23502783; 23515614; 23525507; 23529990; 23540573; 23543735; 23562784; 23566410; 23568005; 23568006; 23613410; 23625206; 23625573; 23648671; 23653001; 23661346; 23664541; 23670132; 23674142; 23696923; 23707388; 23718855; 23720779; 23731275; 23733133; 23737530; 23741361; 23795354; 23804702; 23852369; 23861098; 23864650; 23873109; 23893383; 23897809; 23898488; 23920145; 23936312; 23949314; 23975835; 23985254; 23991960; 23991964; 24019069; 24060591; 24085301; 24088803; 24119401; 24134204; 24145651; 24282282; 24324055; 24403468 cyclin D1 Ensembl:ENSG00000110092 HGNC:1582 HPRD:01346 MIM:168461 Vega:OTTHUMG00000167877 Other designations: B-cell CLL/lymphoma 1|B-cell lymphoma 1 protein|BCL-1 oncogene|G1/S-specific cyclin-D1|PRAD1 oncogene CCND1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He Bcl-2 PPP1R50 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BCL2 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 596 18q21.3 9606 18 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000209 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16717086); GO_0001101 (EC: IEA); GO_0001503 (EC: IEA); GO_0001541 (EC: IEA); GO_0001656 (EC: IEA); GO_0001658 (EC: IEA); GO_0001662 (EC: IEA); GO_0001782 (EC: IEA); GO_0001836 (EC: ISS, PMID: 9843949); GO_0001836 (EC: NAS, PMID: 9027314); GO_0001952 (EC: IEA); GO_0002020 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10620603); GO_0002320 (EC: IEA); GO_0002326 (EC: IEA); GO_0002931 (EC: IEA); GO_0003014 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10837489); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7546744); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11530860); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7896880); GO_0005741 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8402648); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005783 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8402648); GO_0005789 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: IEA); GO_0006470 (EC: IEA); GO_0006582 (EC: IEA); GO_0006808 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006959 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1908951); GO_0006974 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17875758); GO_0007015 (EC: IEA); GO_0007409 (EC: IEA); GO_0007565 (EC: NAS, PMID: 11530860); GO_0007569 (EC: IEA); GO_0008134 (EC: IEA); GO_0008219 (EC: IDA, PMID: 36599); GO_0008584 (EC: IEA); GO_0008625 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10597216); GO_0008630 (EC: IBA); GO_0008631 (EC: IEA); GO_0009314 (EC: NAS, PMID: 15799693); GO_0009636 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16307838); GO_0009791 (EC: IEA); GO_0010039 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11264898); GO_0010224 (EC: IEA); GO_0010332 (EC: IEA); GO_0010507 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0010523 (EC: IEA); GO_0010559 (EC: IEA); GO_0014031 (EC: IEA); GO_0014042 (EC: IEA); GO_0014911 (EC: IEA); GO_0015267 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0016020 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7896880); GO_0016049 (EC: IEA); GO_0016248 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0016337 (EC: IEA); GO_0018105 (EC: IEA); GO_0018107 (EC: IEA); GO_0021747 (EC: IEA); GO_0022612 (EC: IEA); GO_0022898 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0030279 (EC: IEA); GO_0030307 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8022822); GO_0030308 (EC: IEA); GO_0030318 (EC: IEA); GO_0030336 (EC: IEA); GO_0030890 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17875758); GO_0031069 (EC: IEA); GO_0031103 (EC: IEA); GO_0031625 (EC: IPI); GO_0031647 (EC: IEA); GO_0031965 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1502141); GO_0032469 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0032835 (EC: IEA); GO_0032848 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10506221); GO_0033033 (EC: IEA); GO_0033077 (EC: IEA); GO_0033138 (EC: IEA); GO_0033689 (EC: IEA); GO_0034097 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9184696); GO_0035094 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12421819); GO_0035265 (EC: IEA); GO_0035872 (EC: TAS); GO_0040018 (EC: IEA); GO_0042100 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1373874); GO_0042149 (EC: IEA); GO_0042493 (EC: IDA, PMID: 36599); GO_0042493 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17875758); GO_0042542 (EC: IEA); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI, PMID: 18835031); GO_0042803 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043029 (EC: IEA); GO_0043066 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10506221); GO_0043066 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0043085 (EC: IEA); GO_0043209 (EC: IEA); GO_0043375 (EC: IEA); GO_0043496 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043497 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9111042); GO_0043524 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7546744); GO_0043565 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12086670); GO_0043583 (EC: IEA); GO_0045069 (EC: IEA); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045636 (EC: IEA); GO_0045930 (EC: IEA); GO_0046671 (EC: IEA); GO_0046902 (EC: ISS, PMID: 9843949); GO_0046930 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0046982 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9111042); GO_0048041 (EC: IEA); GO_0048536 (EC: IEA); GO_0048538 (EC: IEA); GO_0048546 (EC: IEA); GO_0048589 (EC: IEA); GO_0048599 (EC: IEA); GO_0048743 (EC: IEA); GO_0048753 (EC: IEA); GO_0048873 (EC: IEA); GO_0050853 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17875758); GO_0051384 (EC: IEA); GO_0051402 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16167175); GO_0051434 (EC: IPI, PMID: 9111042); GO_0051607 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10620603); GO_0051721 (EC: IEA); GO_0051881 (EC: ISS, PMID: 9843949); GO_0051902 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9027314); GO_0051924 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8022822); GO_0055085 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9219694); GO_0070059 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15776018); GO_0071310 (EC: IEA); GO_0071456 (EC: IEA); GO_0072593 (EC: IEA); GO_0097192 (EC: IEA); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_1900740 (EC: TAS); GO_2000134 (EC: IEA); GO_2000811 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15006356); GO_2001234 (EC: IMP); GO_2001240 (EC: IGI, PMID: 8358790); GO_2001243 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11684014); GO_2001244 (EC: TAS) PMID: 36599; 1339299; 1373874; 1453000; 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19676105; 19706527; 19717648; 19723039; 19723066; 19724860; 19725224; 19730103; 19737931; 19752028; 19762066; 19773279; 19774677; 19774948; 19783718; 19786087; 19789190; 19797069; 19798108; 19805519; 19813621; 19818125; 19823588; 19834492; 19838163; 19846939; 19854241; 19883311; 19890377; 19890662; 19895735; 19908860; 19913121; 19925052; 19931389; 19937732; 19938012; 19938958; 19940548; 19956635; 19968497; 19996270; 20001236; 20010526; 20010695; 20012528; 20023428; 20025478; 20032416; 20034411; 20036222; 20042890; 20045442; 20048149; 20068093; 20072652; 20082279; 20087644; 20090905; 20118770; 20128283; 20132430; 20139069; 20140889; 20142237; 20146885; 20157331; 20160358; 20177797; 20178647; 20180421; 20181625; 20189848; 20189983; 20193114; 20198332; 20200776; 20223826; 20233885; 20237496; 20307495; 20340172; 20350212; 20352431; 20352700; 20368071; 20368567; 20382751; 20392693; 20399529; 20400521; 20401641; 20404322; 20409521; 20411301; 20415745; 20416158; 20423464; 20423844; 20434805; 20442586; 20448381; 20453000; 20459572; 20459695; 20460269; 20468060; 20495005; 20503275; 20504155; 20514538; 20518070; 20530713; 20564216; 20571027; 20584903; 20594261; 20608924; 20610805; 20627094; 20628086; 20631638; 20644561; 20648653; 20652449; 20658730; 20664977; 20668314; 20668552; 20668868; 20683843; 20691103; 20699221; 20716276; 20716950; 20723294; 20723300; 20732674; 20822926; 20836993; 20841355; 20855536; 20865015; 20869096; 20877624; 20885445; 20889974; 20890735; 20929126; 20929130; 20929131; 20936988; 20951945; 20952062; 20959405; 20962079; 20969490; 20976415; 20981461; 21029589; 21060336; 21061795; 21067292; 21068757; 21072044; 21076048; 21090097; 21104343; 21107291; 21108607; 21110823; 21115898; 21117871; 21122152; 21130495; 21131755; 21148306; 21148799; 21151158; 21159314; 21167476; 21171016; 21174060; 21199860; 21203533; 21207420; 21212266; 21223758; 21233846; 21250804; 21258880; 21289092; 21317312; 21320251; 21320534; 21336967; 21358617; 21376256; 21380782; 21385902; 21388911; 21393866; 21412927; 21424069; 21434524; 21442307; 21444675; 21448217; 21454712; 21455217; 21457555; 21463514; 21474673; 21483469; 21506333; 21508398; 21518495; 21543763; 21556123; 21560251; 21560252; 21589877; 21597459; 21618512; 21621926; 21622563; 21624464; 21624955; 21628855; 21640157; 21640710; 21658611; 21659544; 21669575; 21674599; 21680733; 21682651; 21704150; 21706237; 21708043; 21713707; 21717192; 21729540; 21738398; 21748337; 21748764; 21753125; 21771706; 21772052; 21777944; 21778226; 21785112; 21793937; 21808961; 21819468; 21841772; 21850486; 21855110; 21861179; 21868312; 21878650; 21890444; 21901143; 21907236; 21914345; 21933893; 21936874; 21940310; 21949016; 21956116; 21971866; 21971985; 21978692; 21979585; 21988644; 21989054; 22002575; 22014978; 22020994; 22022968; 22024950; 22037714; 22038216; 22038727; 22054286; 22059351; 22065578; 22072615; 22081075; 22097606; 22109662; 22120515; 22121083; 22138435; 22139839; 22143931; 22143957; 22152474; 22160209; 22171982; 22174682; 22174832; 22187149; 22189900; 22194596; 22194861; 22198673; 22199279; 22207524; 22219597; 22252757; 22262057; 22275372; 22275374; 22277792; 22278385; 22285729; 22293115; 22309998; 22320961; 22322190; 22366560; 22366766; 22367371; 22372356; 22393362; 22395507; 22395508; 22395515; 22406486; 22414090; 22418857; 22433870; 22446832; 22462654; 22464442; 22484426; 22504301; 22504646; 22506026; 22517702; 22523079; 22524261; 22532139; 22562364; 22562824; 22563025; 22582499; 22591684; 22619347; 22622204; 22623155; 22629415; 22647378; 22650021; 22666341; 22668011; 22675938; 22684875; 22710204; 22727345; 22732796; 22739157; 22748563; 22749322; 22797576; 22804688; 22842544; 22848417; 22851565; 22855608; 22895528; 22896703; 22926545; 22929980; 22933114; 22936014; 22949148; 22951829; 22953646; 22965228; 22967897; 22968395; 22971934; 22976527; 22990545; 22995373; 23018213; 23030583; 23038985; 23064052; 23065465; 23072837; 23076250; 23091012; 23095743; 23115005; 23119114; 23126236; 23135964; 23138847; 23151078; 23152059; 23153525; 23160675; 23170075; 23174100; 23207618; 23216071; 23235765; 23243017; 23245210; 23247143; 23261425; 23263985; 23272207; 23283967; 23295106; 23301386; 23316052; 23316280; 23324193; 23334076; 23335369; 23341456; 23352961; 23355004; 23358890; 23359021; 23359184; 23363601; 23364242; 23364875; 23369735; 23403511; 23417836; 23421973; 23422486; 23437205; 23449635; 23463292; 23471820; 23479508; 23479509; 23480852; 23494176; 23497522; 23504944; 23509938; 23511489; 23514940; 23527542; 23553948; 23564079; 23568006; 23573235; 23588221; 23610963; 23612742; 23613399; 23613627; 23624503; 23628417; 23637776; 23671559; 23673452; 23673926; 23674504; 23688426; 23708869; 23719266; 23722017; 23724505; 23733877; 23770605; 23784204; 23802633; 23812727; 23818364; 23822101; 23832737; 23846229; 23850692; 23851330; 23861345; 23880928; 23900644; 23906301; 23907579; 23939148; 23960074; 23975374; 23991978; 23991993; 23994555; 24048795; 24091677; 24097825; 24127568; 24141421; 24157866; 24240096; 24256571; 24288815; 24293274; 24299314; 24314632; 24395794 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000171791 HGNC:990 HPRD:01045 MIM:151430 Other designations: apoptosis regulator Bcl-2|protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 50 BCL2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ACC-1 ACC-2 BCL2L5 BFL1 GRS HBPA1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BCL2A1 BCL2-related protein A1 597 15q24.3 20140408 9606 15 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10753914); GO_0005741 (EC: IBA); GO_0008630 (EC: IBA); GO_0042803 (EC: IBA); GO_0043066 (EC: IBA); GO_0046982 (EC: IBA); GO_0051400 (EC: IEA); GO_0097192 (EC: IBA); GO_2001243 (EC: IBA) PMID: 7478596; 8345191; 8589678; 8605321; 8910286; 8952545; 9050999; 9321477; 9356461; 9670936; 9731710; 10049353; 10198631; 10381646; 10430908; 10454539; 10545479; 10753914; 10849436; 11329013; 11483855; 11696595; 11929871; 12477932; 12665576; 12692420; 12771180; 14747545; 14966372; 14981542; 15489334; 15499630; 15501771; 15592513; 15617521; 15694340; 15696550; 16164629; 16551634; 16572199; 16697956; 16873269; 17121585; 17666431; 17724464; 17726463; 17907802; 17942758; 18093280; 18206119; 18414982; 18512730; 18812174; 18835031; 19336552; 19573080; 19759007; 19773279; 19913121; 20185581; 20353833; 20628086; 20800603; 20855536; 21167304; 21491422; 21832049; 21843371; 22231730; 22292048; 22510878; 22553204; 22615379; 22720045; 22745672; 22865454; 23118966; 23152563; 23447565 BCL2-related protein A1 Ensembl:ENSG00000140379 HGNC:991 HPRD:03034 MIM:601056 Vega:OTTHUMG00000144173 Other designations: bcl-2-like protein 5|bcl-2-related protein A1|bcl2-L-5|hematopoietic BCL2-related protein A1|hemopoietic-specific early response protein|protein BFL-1 BCL2A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BCL4 D19S37 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BCL3 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 602 19q13.1-q13.2 9606 19 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000060 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16280327); GO_0002268 (EC: IEA); GO_0002315 (EC: IEA); GO_0002455 (EC: IEA); GO_0002467 (EC: IEA); GO_0003677 (EC: IEA); GO_0003700 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10362352); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0006351 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16306601); GO_0006974 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16384933); GO_0007249 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8196632); GO_0008134 (EC: IPI, PMID: 11387332); GO_0009615 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16306601); GO_0010225 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16384933); GO_0019730 (EC: IEA); GO_0030198 (EC: IEA); GO_0030330 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16384933); GO_0030674 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16306601); GO_0032729 (EC: IEA); GO_0032996 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16280327); GO_0033257 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9407099); GO_0042088 (EC: IEA); GO_0042345 (EC: IEP, PMID: 8196632); GO_0042536 (EC: IEA); GO_0042742 (EC: IEA); GO_0042771 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16384933); GO_0042832 (EC: IEA); GO_0042981 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16732314); GO_0043066 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16384933); GO_0043234 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16280327); GO_0045064 (EC: IEA); GO_0045082 (EC: IEA); GO_0045171 (EC: IDA); GO_0045415 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16306601); GO_0045727 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16384933); GO_0045892 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16306601); GO_0045893 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16384933); GO_0045944 (EC: IEA); GO_0048471 (EC: IEA); GO_0048536 (EC: IEA); GO_0051101 (EC: IEP, PMID: 9407099); GO_0051457 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8196632) PMID: 1406939; 1501714; 1923524; 2124350; 2180580; 7691160; 7896265; 8196632; 8330739; 8428580; 8453667; 8497270; 9218802; 9407099; 9576921; 9812988; 10362352; 10469655; 10497212; 10607713; 11387332; 11485202; 11707390; 12456498; 12477932; 12730195; 12808109; 14678988; 15105810; 15469820; 15489334; 15634875; 15829968; 16099425; 16108830; 16123212; 16280327; 16306601; 16311697; 16331275; 16384933; 16732314; 16940298; 17272867; 17495977; 17644518; 17881446; 17923499; 17962807; 17963943; 18025803; 18796561; 18940474; 19191868; 19229118; 19282837; 19383626; 19451226; 19494302; 19617629; 19806201; 19893491; 19913121; 20226764; 20414006; 20471052; 20547759; 20558726; 20572854; 20601676; 20634891; 20658525; 20672350; 20731879; 20737317; 20800578; 20974051; 21048031; 21912613; 21988832; 22580608; 22782967; 23115114; 23149915; 23494744; 23534762; 23565137; 23607276; 23669365; 23794716 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 Ensembl:ENSG00000069399 HGNC:998 HPRD:00179 MIM:109560 Vega:OTTHUMG00000151517 Other designations: B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 3|B-cell lymphoma 3 protein|B-cell lymphoma 3-encoded protein|BCL-3|chronic lymphatic leukemia protein|proto-oncogene BCL3 BCL3 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BHMT1 HEL-S-61p WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BHMT betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 635 5q14.1 9606 5 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000096 (EC: TAS); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006479 (EC: NAS, PMID: 10075673); GO_0006579 (EC: IEA); GO_0008270 (EC: IEA); GO_0008898 (EC: IEA); GO_0009086 (EC: IEA); GO_0010243 (EC: IEA); GO_0032403 (EC: IEA); GO_0034641 (EC: TAS); GO_0043234 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0047150 (EC: NAS, PMID: 10075673); GO_0047150 (EC: TAS); GO_0050666 (EC: NAS, PMID: 10075673) PMID: 1657504; 8798461; 8889548; 9281325; 9681996; 10075673; 10529246; 11223523; 11516176; 11883905; 12071701; 12220488; 12475213; 12477932; 12749058; 12818402; 15122900; 15489334; 16189514; 16344560; 16816108; 16953798; 17035141; 17119116; 17376725; 17436311; 17705221; 17993766; 18000879; 18029348; 18230680; 18262489; 18427977; 18457970; 18498552; 18635682; 18676680; 18708404; 18830263; 18988749; 19048631; 19161160; 19170196; 19336437; 19493349; 19625176; 19635752; 19683694; 19692168; 19737740; 19777601; 19913121; 19936946; 19948975; 20031554; 20346360; 20453000; 20458436; 20628086; 20634891; 20662904; 20664391; 20737570; 21093336; 21349258; 21564312; 21565678; 21630102; 21988832; 22138536; 22339686; 22339736; 23378610; 23645037; 23720494 betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase Ensembl:ENSG00000145692 HGNC:1047 HPRD:04200 MIM:602888 Vega:OTTHUMG00000108157 Other designations: betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1|epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 61p BHMT Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He FP497 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene BID BH3 interacting domain death agonist 637 22q11.1 9606 22 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001836 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17052454); GO_0005123 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8918887); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12624108); GO_0005739 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9727491); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006626 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006919 (EC: IEA); GO_0007420 (EC: IEA); GO_0008625 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9727491); GO_0008637 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9727492); GO_0016020 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8918887); GO_0031625 (EC: IEA); GO_0032355 (EC: IEA); GO_0032461 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19074440); GO_0032464 (EC: IDA); GO_0032592 (EC: IEA); GO_0034349 (EC: IEA); GO_0042127 (EC: IEA); GO_0042770 (EC: TAS, PMID: 18309324); GO_0043065 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0051260 (EC: IEA); GO_0051402 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16167175); GO_0090150 (EC: IDA); GO_0090200 (EC: IGI); GO_0090200 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17289999); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_1900740 (EC: TAS); GO_1901030 (EC: TAS); GO_1902108 (EC: IEA); GO_2000045 (EC: IEA); GO_2001238 (EC: IMP); GO_2001244 (EC: TAS) PMID: 7774948; 7929347; 8918887; 9463381; 9721221; 9727491; 9727492; 9790773; 10089877; 10364179; 10629050; 10950869; 11085743; 11099414; 11114298; 11399776; 11544326; 11583622; 11583631; 11585909; 11741882; 11790791; 11805084; 11832478; 11929871; 11940658; 11971973; 12000759; 12061801; 12097160; 12193163; 12196516; 12404116; 12419244; 12477932; 12598529; 12624108; 12754217; 12766488; 12804595; 12808108; 12871587; 12934063; 14581476; 14583606; 14702039; 14716828; 14769944; 15024076; 15117953; 15123718; 15146197; 15173176; 15231831; 15323553; 15353804; 15461802; 15489334; 15501827; 15520201; 15574335; 15592455; 15615731; 15637055; 15659383; 15692567; 15694340; 15721256; 15772077; 15809076; 16077201; 16167175; 16172118; 16341674; 16344560; 16380381; 16475813; 16485030; 16697956; 16908521; 16964285; 16987815; 17052454; 17200714; 17226776; 17283187; 17289999; 17308307; 17431792; 17488272; 17534194; 17549073; 17635912; 17666167; 17762183; 17765974; 17855051; 18029348; 18089817; 18165867; 18166654; 18173728; 18195012; 18297401; 18309324; 18317451; 18373075; 18469004; 18593990; 18648372; 18665919; 18723680; 18838202; 18925930; 19029793; 19046991; 19052714; 19074440; 19074885; 19219602; 19233849; 19246452; 19381674; 19423537; 19454696; 19640637; 19641510; 19670908; 19711428; 19820711; 19890662; 19913121; 19918914; 19929986; 20140092; 20187936; 20356928; 20379614; 20392206; 20404718; 20453000; 20628086; 20801175; 20802294; 20855536; 20877624; 21041309; 21060336; 21072056; 21113148; 21139048; 21148306; 21178828; 21223573; 21367852; 21382479; 21613222; 21642428; 21751259; 21856753; 21859891; 21900206; 21906983; 22052011; 22115752; 22130162; 22189507; 22213163; 22246181; 22339673; 22354970; 22393005; 22416135; 22464442; 22860893; 22939629; 22964611; 23019260; 23192964; 23333919; 23352961; 23383273; 23418437; 23604079; 23744079; 23824909; 24074954; 24158446 BH3 interacting domain death agonist Ensembl:ENSG00000015475 HGNC:1050 HPRD:03590 MIM:601997 Vega:OTTHUMG00000150087 Other designations: BH3-interacting domain death agonist|BID isoform ES(1b)|BID isoform L(2)|BID isoform Si6|Human BID coding sequence|apoptic death agonist|desmocollin type 4|p22 BID BID Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BLIMP1 PRDI-BF1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene PRDM1 PR domain containing 1, with ZNF domain 639 RP1-134E15.1 6q21 9606 6 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000122 (EC: IEA); GO_0001893 (EC: IEA); GO_0003700 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1851123); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0007281 (EC: IEA); GO_0008168 (EC: IEA); GO_0010628 (EC: IEA); GO_0030889 (EC: IEA); GO_0031665 (EC: IEA); GO_0042462 (EC: IEA); GO_0042826 (EC: IEA); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA); GO_0045165 (EC: IEA); GO_0045579 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0060707 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1851123; 8033216; 8168136; 8921366; 9887105; 10713181; 11067898; 11342629; 11877292; 12150891; 12165517; 12453881; 12477932; 12626569; 14985713; 16002735; 16424392; 16492805; 16547239; 16585013; 16699504; 16713569; 16765445; 16849320; 17043021; 17213024; 17264218; 17379744; 17682124; 17877160; 18071884; 18089822; 18192112; 18235046; 18256039; 18354204; 18370921; 18400362; 18552212; 18583325; 18596541; 18604866; 18845144; 18992153; 19047678; 19124609; 19194464; 19234190; 19269192; 19322201; 19433448; 19460752; 19530237; 19563034; 19717648; 19735688; 19760754; 19788443; 19828629; 19828640; 19838193; 19838195; 19898481; 19915048; 20047096; 20379614; 20530581; 20800019; 20859709; 20944005; 20966935; 21102463; 21103670; 21216962; 21411757; 21622776; 21690554; 21722313; 21722636; 21785431; 22020966; 22040493; 22143801; 22278826; 22438909; 22555612; 22580854; 22585398; 22593617; 22634616; 22939624; 23028907; 23129528; 23273568; 23348703; 23624108; 23648065; 23911415; 24004669; 24009228 PR domain containing 1, with ZNF domain Ensembl:ENSG00000057657 HGNC:9346 HPRD:04572 MIM:603423 Vega:OTTHUMG00000015299 Other designations: B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1|BLIMP-1|PR domain zinc finger protein 1|PRDI-binding factor-1|beta-interferon gene positive-regulatory domain I binding factor PRDM1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CA-II CAC CAII Car2 HEL-76 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CA2 carbonic anhydrase II 760 8q22 9606 8 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001822 (EC: IEA); GO_0002009 (EC: IEA); GO_0004089 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 15990874); GO_0005615 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 114507); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15990874); GO_0005902 (EC: IEA); GO_0006730 (EC: IEA); GO_0008270 (EC: IDA, PMID: 3151020); GO_0009268 (EC: IEA); GO_0010043 (EC: IEA); GO_0015670 (EC: IEA); GO_0015701 (EC: TAS); GO_0016323 (EC: IEA); GO_0030424 (EC: IEA); GO_0032849 (EC: IEA); GO_0038166 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15990874); GO_0042475 (EC: IEA); GO_0043627 (EC: IEA); GO_0044070 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15990874); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0045177 (EC: IDA, PMID: 14675051); GO_0045672 (EC: IEA); GO_0045780 (EC: IEA); GO_0046903 (EC: IEA); GO_0051453 (EC: ISS); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_2001150 (EC: ISS) PMID: 114507; 823150; 1301935; 1542674; 1602151; 1925679; 1928091; 1977133; 2117271; 2121671; 2123360; 2850697; 3000449; 3081869; 3107918; 3108857; 3121496; 3151019; 3151020; 3221988; 3925334; 4207120; 4621826; 4624444; 6407977; 6817747; 7574487; 7627193; 7930522; 8127074; 8128957; 8460098; 8834238; 9143915; 9150731; 9205766; 9336790; 9453381; 9541386; 9774471; 9890926; 10231836; 10333352; 10423017; 10811634; 10820026; 10821857; 11063570; 11076507; 11264157; 11457932; 11606574; 11956656; 12056894; 12138085; 12171926; 12411514; 12477932; 12501217; 12566520; 12826902; 12933803; 14567693; 14578124; 14675051; 14675565; 14718574; 14736710; 14760703; 15049705; 15062553; 15218065; 15300855; 15453828; 15489334; 15667203; 15836783; 15837316; 15837325; 15952740; 15990874; 16106378; 16169070; 16196087; 16265785; 16344560; 16475831; 16687407; 16825953; 16996812; 17202139; 17319692; 17319695; 17363915; 17631639; 17881426; 18029348; 18060825; 18083150; 18189416; 18247480; 18323598; 18539591; 18580434; 18942852; 18976975; 19012038; 19034380; 19056867; 19269136; 19371798; 19407386; 19415900; 19520834; 19583303; 19615732; 19634894; 19686046; 20000378; 20025241; 20081808; 20170095; 20297840; 20360068; 20398423; 20445237; 20445238; 20509747; 20578724; 20634585; 20637176; 20693695; 20849852; 21139048; 21145461; 21145876; 21243755; 21282642; 21543742; 21680735; 21890473; 21988105; 22001224; 22192857; 22386980; 22416960; 22732064; 22878862; 23030313; 23098192; 23181366; 23215152; 23360090; 23674848; 23720494; 23727877; 23953824; 24036123 carbonic anhydrase II Ensembl:ENSG00000104267 HGNC:1373 HPRD:02023 MIM:611492 Vega:OTTHUMG00000164944 Other designations: carbonate dehydratase II|carbonic anhydrase 2|carbonic anhydrase B|carbonic anhydrase C|carbonic dehydratase|epididymis luminal protein 76 CA2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CAXII HsT18816 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CA12 carbonic anhydrase XII 771 15q22 9606 15 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004089 (EC: IEA); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0006730 (EC: IEA); GO_0008270 (EC: IEA); GO_0015701 (EC: TAS); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 8524854; 9636197; 9770531; 10512682; 10611263; 10666387; 11083462; 11101628; 11238049; 11420383; 11493685; 11680594; 12477932; 12676895; 12854129; 12923247; 14578124; 14702039; 15489334; 15849821; 16169070; 16416108; 18029348; 18322268; 18336315; 18451179; 19291313; 20132413; 20215053; 20398423; 20434230; 20509747; 21035102; 21040567; 21139048; 21184099; 21278619; 21900206; 22172588; 22439015; 22944692; 23348702 carbonic anhydrase XII HGNC:1371 HPRD:04464 MIM:603263 Other designations: CA-XII|carbonate dehydratase XII|carbonic anhydrase 12|carbonic dehydratase|tumor antigen HOM-RCC-3.1.3 CA12 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CAB1 CACNLB1 CCHLB1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CACNB1 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 1 subunit 782 17q21-q22 9606 17 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0005245 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1385409); GO_0005891 (EC: IEA); GO_0006612 (EC: IEA); GO_0006810 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1385409); GO_0007411 (EC: TAS); GO_0008331 (EC: IEA); GO_0016529 (EC: IEA); GO_0030315 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1309651; 1370480; 1385409; 1657644; 7916667; 8381767; 8395940; 8905728; 8943043; 10066897; 10465427; 10624822; 12477932; 14623965; 14760703; 14762176; 15342556; 16713569; 17081983; 19821165; 19953087; 21098446; 21832049; 21906983; 23382691; 23602568 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 1 subunit Ensembl:ENSG00000067191 HGNC:1401 HPRD:11743 MIM:114207 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133217 Other designations: calcium channel voltage-dependent subunit beta 1|calcium channel, L type, beta 1 polypeptide|dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type, calcium channel beta-1 subunit|voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CAC CACT WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene SLC25A20 solute carrier family 25 (carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase), member 20 788 3p21.31 9606 3 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS); GO_0006853 (EC: TAS); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 1598097; 9399886; 9533014; 9686371; 9733094; 9837782; 10384384; 10697964; 11257506; 11592821; 12477932; 12859414; 15057979; 15365988; 15489334; 15515015; 16054041; 16169070; 17508264; 18029348; 18307102; 19748481; 20877624; 21130740; 21890473; 22560224; 23178685; 23266187; 23322164 solute carrier family 25 (carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase), member 20 Ensembl:ENSG00000178537 HGNC:1421 HPRD:01953 MIM:613698 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133538 Other designations: mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein SLC25A20 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ICE IL1BC P45 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP1 caspase 1, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 834 11q23 9606 11 GO_0001666 (EC: IEA); GO_0004197 (EC: IBA); GO_0004197 (EC: TAS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:11374873); GO_0005576 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IBA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006508 (EC: IDA, PMID:12888622); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID:7876192); GO_0006919 (EC: TAS, PMID:10799503); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS, PMID:1373520); GO_0008656 (EC: TAS, PMID:10799503); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0032611 (EC: IEA); GO_0033198 (EC: IEA); GO_0035872 (EC: TAS); GO_0043123 (EC: IEP, PMID:12761501); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0050717 (EC: IEA); GO_0050718 (EC: IEA); GO_0050727 (EC: IBA); GO_0051882 (EC: IEA); GO_0060081 (EC: IEA); GO_0070269 (EC: IEA); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID:19593445); GO_0071310 (EC: IDA, PMID:19158679); GO_0072557 (EC: IBA); GO_0072557 (EC: ISS); GO_0072558 (EC: IDA, PMID:12191486); GO_0072559 (EC: IDA, PMID:15030775); GO_0097169 (EC: IDA, PMID:19158676); GO_0097194 (EC: IBA) PMID:1321594; 1373520; 1574116; 1919001; 7642516; 7721861; 7797510; 7876192; 8034320; 8035875; 8044845; 8125298; 8861900; 8962078; 8978814; 8999548; 9002959; 9070648; 9115219; 9190289; 9219695; 9250871; 9334240; 9334338; 9435230; 9535906; 9548463; 9593687; 9632733; 9705209; 9705938; 9727491; 9792675; 9804161; 9830039; 9875225; 9894612; 9987822; 9990034; 10069390; 10329646; 10353249; 10438581; 10477277; 10510468; 10660263; 10708425; 10799503; 11085743; 11226410; 11374873; 11390368; 11432859; 11437653; 11438643; 11472070; 11536016; 11684016; 11821383; 11953316; 11967258; 11997061; 12019269; 12096920; 12170183; 12191486; 12215842; 12387869; 12459189; 12459463; 12477932; 12628757; 12692130; 12761501; 12888622; 14584052; 14669344; 15030775; 15039421; 15107016; 15296730; 15326478; 15383541; 15471361; 15489334; 15498465; 15561713; 15749123; 15809717; 16037825; 16087165; 16123779; 16260731; 16286016; 16405550; 16428475; 16575408; 16621994; 16778130; 16780720; 16785446; 16817903; 16903774; 16920334; 17036048; 17173859; 17196042; 17207965; 17303764; 17360653; 17418785; 17477815; 17597823; 17623017; 17703412; 17959595; 18029348; 18209072; 18263705; 18263805; 18304957; 18329368; 18523309; 18550243; 18577712; 18590738; 18799371; 18828051; 18981155; 19013323; 19074885; 19117953; 19141860; 19158676; 19158679; 19258923; 19269008; 19275586; 19382257; 19414860; 19439663; 19573080; 19593445; 19648107; 19737897; 19773279; 19779610; 19825518; 19833722; 19913121; 20038581; 20048342; 20060974; 20170165; 20184726; 20197547; 20402676; 20485444; 20503287; 20628086; 20808838; 20852925; 20855536; 20959405; 21037509; 21048031; 21052690; 21311905; 21320026; 21463955; 21757759; 21792841; 21832064; 21862576; 21862623; 22046355; 22046441; 22195745; 22227487; 22491736; 22537218; 22833538; 22837397; 23021143; 23209292; 23226468; 23236067; 23278288; 23386603; 23508996; 23590971; 23637985; 23703390; 23793845; 23839215; 23884363; 24022484; 24356306 caspase 1, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000137752 HGNC:1499 HPRD:00977 MIM:147678 Vega:OTTHUMG00000048072 Other designations: CASP1 nirs variant 1|IL-1 beta-converting enzyme|IL1B-convertase|caspase 1, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (interleukin 1, beta, convertase)|caspase-1|interleukin 1, beta, convertase|interleukin 1-B converting enzyme CASP1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CASP-2 ICH1 NEDD-2 NEDD2 PPP1R57 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP2 caspase 2, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 835 7q34-q35 9606 7 GO_0001554 (EC: IEA); GO_0003407 (EC: IEA); GO_0004197 (EC: IDA, PMID:10980123); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:11076957); GO_0005634 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0005737 (EC: IBA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006915 (EC: NAS, PMID:11156409); GO_0006977 (EC: IMP); GO_0007420 (EC: IEA); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0008630 (EC: IBA); GO_0008630 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0016020 (EC: IEA); GO_0016485 (EC: IDA, PMID:9044836); GO_0019899 (EC: ISS, PMID:11076957); GO_0019904 (EC: IPI, PMID:9044836); GO_0035234 (EC: IEA); GO_0043065 (EC: IDA, PMID:10980123); GO_0043281 (EC: TAS); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID:19593445); GO_0097153 (EC: IEA); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0097192 (EC: IBA); GO_0097194 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_2001235 (EC: IEA) PMID:7789948; 8044845; 8087842; 8780721; 8962078; 8985253; 9044836; 9228018; 9261102; 9560245; 9695946; 9792675; 9847074; 10079193; 10329646; 10791974; 10980123; 11076957; 11156409; 11278287; 11313953; 11350957; 11399776; 11425872; 11823470; 11830582; 11832478; 11972030; 12011445; 12065594; 12107826; 12145703; 12193789; 12477715; 12477932; 12584573; 12598307; 12787561; 12837286; 12853948; 12920126; 14584591; 14623896; 14647455; 14701762; 14702039; 14713958; 14716300; 15073321; 15173176; 15262979; 15297885; 15489334; 15500642; 15511269; 15555560; 15590671; 15735701; 15817479; 15843892; 15882978; 16172118; 16193064; 16227610; 16344560; 16360037; 16387548; 16652156; 16701639; 16777994; 16822901; 16843824; 17079734; 17159900; 17195089; 17627033; 17637755; 17902043; 17945178; 18166155; 18238895; 18309324; 18375382; 18413747; 18418048; 18723680; 18840686; 19074885; 19269008; 19322201; 19347032; 19414860; 19453261; 19573080; 19593445; 19604093; 19715609; 19730412; 19738422; 19773279; 19935698; 20143425; 20158568; 20187765; 20208132; 20402676; 20453000; 20819778; 20855536; 20978129; 21051981; 21332795; 21415862; 21475302; 21726810; 21828056; 21900206; 21903589; 21906983; 21940110; 21988832; 22002103; 22077397; 22174370; 22201672; 22396545; 22486813; 22505724; 22531785; 22825847; 23042294; 23404198; 23469978; 23553630; 23568547; 24250222; 24321384 caspase 2, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000106144 HGNC:1503 HPRD:02800 MIM:600639 Vega:OTTHUMG00000023641 Other designations: caspase-2|neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 2|protease ICH-1|protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 57 CASP2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPP32 CPP32B SCA-1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP3 caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 836 4q34 9606 4 GO_0001782 (EC: IEA); GO_0001836 (EC: IEA); GO_0004190 (EC: EXP); GO_0004197 (EC: IDA, PMID:19240112); GO_0004197 (EC: TAS); GO_0004861 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:16501604); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0006309 (EC: TAS); GO_0006508 (EC: IDA, PMID:12888622); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006921 (EC: TAS); GO_0006974 (EC: IEA); GO_0007507 (EC: IEA); GO_0007605 (EC: IEA); GO_0008233 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0008625 (EC: IEA); GO_0008631 (EC: IEA); GO_0008635 (EC: TAS); GO_0009411 (EC: IEA); GO_0009611 (EC: IEA); GO_0022617 (EC: TAS); GO_0030182 (EC: IBA); GO_0030198 (EC: TAS); GO_0030216 (EC: IBA); GO_0030218 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0030218 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0030220 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0030889 (EC: IEA); GO_0034349 (EC: IEA); GO_0034612 (EC: TAS, PMID:10521396); GO_0035329 (EC: TAS); GO_0042981 (EC: TAS); GO_0043029 (EC: IEA); GO_0043065 (EC: TAS); GO_0043066 (EC: IGI, PMID:9353287); GO_0043281 (EC: TAS); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0045165 (EC: IEA); GO_0045736 (EC: IEA); GO_0046007 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0051402 (EC: IEA); GO_0097153 (EC: IMP, PMID:10921886); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS, PMID:10521396); GO_0097192 (EC: IEA); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097194 (EC: IDA, PMID:8689682); GO_0097194 (EC: IMP, PMID:11350920); GO_0097200 (EC: IMP, PMID:17559062) PMID:1067155; 7596430; 7774019; 7983002; 8044845; 8605870; 8626669; 8673606; 8689682; 8696339; 8755496; 8780721; 8804412; 8812467; 8900201; 8943232; 8962078; 8976194; 9021152; 9045680; 9108473; 9115219; 9206994; 9208847; 9219695; 9230442; 9233763; 9235961; 9252332; 9267021; 9278461; 9298992; 9323209; 9326610; 9334214; 9334240; 9334338; 9337844; 9348292; 9351817; 9353287; 9361003; 9367996; 9368003; 9384571; 9395403; 9422780; 9452471; 9525868; 9535906; 9545236; 9548463; 9593687; 9618490; 9624143; 9632733; 9660939; 9671712; 9685336; 9694885; 9705209; 9708895; 9736630; 9751706; 9786869; 9799125; 9811849; 9840926; 9850056; 9857079; 9875225; 9878167; 9894612; 9933635; 9990034; 10022118; 10066732; 10069390; 10082566; 10103059; 10200531; 10205158; 10205159; 10319819; 10364179; 10409750; 10430052; 10432301; 10435619; 10438581; 10454555; 10469173; 10479680; 10490026; 10510468; 10521396; 10556977; 10564664; 10579725; 10602493; 10602513; 10608812; 10611247; 10629060; 10671544; 10672017; 10675528; 10704341; 10708425; 10712510; 10713703; 10734073; 10748026; 10770929; 10777594; 10791974; 10799874; 10821855; 10823823; 10862606; 10896157; 10899937; 10921886; 10926122; 10942389; 10998058; 11002417; 11016947; 11024045; 11042212; 11053413; 11058115; 11076937; 11084335; 11098060; 11106668; 11123279; 11141237; 11149901; 11162250; 11162351; 11170436; 11175261; 11177389; 11222676; 11230124; 11242052; 11248093; 11257230; 11257232; 11261798; 11274152; 11278283; 11278287; 11278424; 11278572; 11278782; 11278797; 11283607; 11313965; 11331419; 11345898; 11350920; 11356849; 11359776; 11387340; 11399776; 11420704; 11423904; 11425872; 11437602; 11438643; 11447297; 11462036; 11470874; 11478781; 11479289; 11500511; 11509621; 11514563; 11517310; 11526478; 11550094; 11551979; 11555640; 11602184; 11675509; 11689006; 11696595; 11741893; 11748221; 11752060; 11752215; 11787859; 11788610; 11795487; 11802788; 11815631; 11825902; 11830582; 11832478; 11840332; 11854437; 11859414; 11866986; 11875078; 11901153; 11904443; 11927604; 11948397; 11960384; 11972398; 11981455; 11988074; 11989976; 11992386; 12004072; 12019321; 12032677; 12036886; 12044963; 12055227; 12070005; 12070657; 12080079; 12095993; 12107159; 12112012; 12118383; 12124386; 12145703; 12149654; 12150947; 12151338; 12169388; 12181128; 12181742; 12186978; 12190962; 12207967; 12210761; 12228224; 12235123; 12297281; 12390838; 12393901; 12397210; 12401855; 12404116; 12425945; 12438416; 12444137; 12477932; 12483536; 12490308; 12511568; 12515825; 12566444; 12576296; 12576443; 12579342; 12581734; 12598529; 12605885; 12606589; 12611892; 12621124; 12624662; 12643601; 12657644; 12677451; 12686427; 12700630; 12700660; 12707329; 12750393; 12750404; 12760639; 12787561; 12788227; 12788938; 12792782; 12804035; 12809603; 12821118; 12824190; 12833566; 12837287; 12854132; 12867600; 12874324; 12888622; 12897143; 14555204; 14570914; 14572611; 14612448; 14623896; 14657946; 14674699; 14678329; 14684629; 14710359; 14764700; 14960581; 14970175; 14971566; 14976035; 14982947; 14991812; 14993250; 15014070; 15015772; 15033720; 15033815; 15041704; 15087450; 15098015; 15153940; 15156398; 15178331; 15179054; 15186778; 15187159; 15200957; 15204919; 15205454; 15220451; 15241180; 15246206; 15254227; 15258591; 15280469; 15345747; 15375594; 15473998; 15489334; 15505416; 15507451; 15542841; 15564512; 15569669; 15569672; 15569692; 15578977; 15599395; 15617521; 15637055; 15638357; 15650747; 15657349; 15657356; 15670787; 15705385; 15706351; 15716280; 15725353; 15735701; 15748158; 15748808; 15767427; 15803189; 15806167; 15843892; 15848173; 15869582; 15935070; 15996160; 16009347; 16080782; 16083554; 16111829; 16120388; 16121124; 16179347; 16203739; 16204230; 16213496; 16227597; 16242324; 16286477; 16300929; 16320828; 16330530; 16337360; 16338743; 16344560; 16382148; 16455648; 16463650; 16480911; 16498457; 16501604; 16505307; 16511342; 16516911; 16520893; 16526059; 16529748; 16530181; 16530191; 16543147; 16567804; 16651613; 16689860; 16716256; 16781734; 16787777; 16791842; 16802364; 16808908; 16835231; 16869888; 16882668; 16884727; 16894574; 16897667; 16931214; 16935258; 16948902; 16949642; 16955788; 16977583; 16979168; 16983089; 17008916; 17013756; 17013758; 17023557; 17038954; 17065568; 17069460; 17071630; 17080552; 17114647; 17118559; 17121821; 17123522; 17124493; 17130234; 17140287; 17141888; 17143787; 17167422; 17172814; 17198755; 17217622; 17219053; 17235653; 17245643; 17261582; 17272816; 17283187; 17291493; 17301822; 17321792; 17324936; 17337451; 17340613; 17364171; 17379327; 17412564; 17413988; 17430778; 17436592; 17437405; 17462862; 17488272; 17495975; 17498346; 17505517; 17525639; 17534194; 17544405; 17559062; 17597071; 17606719; 17606900; 17616526; 17645689; 17653867; 17689858; 17698513; 17721932; 17724022; 17805550; 17823127; 17880920; 17908973; 17928446; 17936584; 17950632; 17967742; 17978580; 17981569; 17983802; 17989718; 18000616; 18029348; 18047842; 18054197; 18055116; 18058802; 18060501; 18074388; 18083346; 18086147; 18088367; 18092356; 18155705; 18155731; 18164959; 18171980; 18209072; 18211414; 18227733; 18256758; 18256791; 18266005; 18296636; 18297401; 18298948; 18300076; 18309324; 18330265; 18379198; 18381704; 18384375; 18415681; 18415689; 18427836; 18439040; 18441516; 18450750; 18473402; 18476631; 18521960; 18551626; 18561948; 18577580; 18585351; 18586680; 18623086; 18652315; 18658137; 18669646; 18676680; 18708163; 18712678; 18723680; 18727869; 18754867; 18759060; 18763039; 18768468; 18814044; 18818379; 18820371; 18821563; 18829519; 18838202; 18844072; 18946722; 18986328; 19013323; 19035131; 19043361; 19046417; 19052714; 19058789; 19074885; 19132366; 19141860; 19157504; 19157506; 19159073; 19170196; 19178812; 19200347; 19204086; 19219602; 19223905; 19236754; 19240112; 19241192; 19244543; 19258326; 19266703; 19269008; 19270727; 19272183; 19275584; 19275586; 19275587; 19281794; 19283487; 19289465; 19299722; 19319745; 19322201; 19351510; 19355923; 19379562; 19404232; 19414860; 19453261; 19458171; 19513559; 19519609; 19531679; 19544333; 19549685; 19550122; 19553679; 19557639; 19559790; 19567200; 19570417; 19573080; 19585117; 19598027; 19604093; 19610261; 19625176; 19626422; 19636556; 19655253; 19655254; 19655415; 19665028; 19692168; 19692467; 19698783; 19698994; 19715609; 19723039; 19724860; 19724907; 19730442; 19738422; 19759058; 19770576; 19770581; 19773279; 19774677; 19784808; 19788069; 19788411; 19807657; 19812265; 19826114; 19838207; 19840460; 19854241; 19878567; 19895210; 19913121; 19925402; 19937139; 19942343; 19956888; 19996122; 19996272; 19996275; 19996278; 20001963; 20012528; 20025478; 20038816; 20041182; 20042134; 20045442; 20060927; 20063052; 20068062; 20072652; 20085765; 20087649; 20101263; 20103643; 20104682; 20142237; 20150439; 20180022; 20198319; 20227371; 20299368; 20307198; 20340172; 20346214; 20383567; 20402676; 20404718; 20423928; 20424172; 20450729; 20453000; 20492341; 20512574; 20530714; 20566630; 20580881; 20598358; 20619728; 20628086; 20628645; 20632819; 20644561; 20661084; 20665667; 20667824; 20683021; 20683843; 20702410; 20722551; 20723300; 20738749; 20801175; 20814064; 20839416; 20855536; 20856198; 20862799; 20919853; 20929126; 20947770; 20950443; 20959405; 20962079; 20966960; 20981869; 21029675; 21048031; 21081164; 21098975; 21099290; 21099299; 21123175; 21123558; 21139048; 21142842; 21148072; 21151026; 21160486; 21178828; 21203962; 21216952; 21223758; 21237154; 21248767; 21255440; 21270757; 21307660; 21317880; 21319273; 21382445; 21441410; 21479362; 21483469; 21483669; 21484410; 21504623; 21506333; 21548803; 21555338; 21561870; 21624464; 21644054; 21644232; 21667042; 21668377; 21671484; 21682651; 21700414; 21706480; 21724551; 21725926; 21729540; 21756903; 21775054; 21785112; 21802116; 21819468; 21827945; 21859712; 21869592; 21875325; 21880013; 21890473; 21914347; 21926353; 21944661; 21959934; 21963094; 21987091; 21988832; 22013052; 22072751; 22094081; 22121772; 22136337; 22147199; 22184067; 22191568; 22216281; 22238643; 22242595; 22298410; 22302483; 22309278; 22320973; 22429811; 22429842; 22482362; 22496955; 22504224; 22541080; 22552851; 22568453; 22607239; 22629415; 22678593; 22683311; 22764223; 22796265; 22815893; 22832123; 22837201; 22844442; 22872644; 22885173; 22912727; 22926545; 22931643; 22939953; 22944165; 22949938; 22951837; 22952982; 22964638; 23000965; 23054082; 23103707; 23122728; 23152053; 23156805; 23170075; 23170789; 23220614; 23221544; 23271051; 23271418; 23295106; 23326121; 23345589; 23384723; 23386603; 23416147; 23421973; 23519117; 23531593; 23545262; 23555267; 23568731; 23591201; 23599180; 23650375; 23658722; 23686572; 23703388; 23708668; 23724505; 23765963; 23775301; 23781587; 23791066; 23846227; 23867824; 23892923; 23894522; 23900644; 23907941; 23949910; 23979166; 24009453; 24129493; 24161344; 24553140 caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000164305 HGNC:1504 HPRD:02799 MIM:600636 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133681 Other designations: CASP-3|CPP-32|PARP cleavage protease|SREBP cleavage activity 1|apopain|caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-3|cysteine protease CPP32|procaspase3|protein Yama CASP3 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ICE(rel)II ICEREL-II ICH-2 Mih1/TX TX WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP4 caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 837 11q22.2-q22.3 9606 11 GO_0004197 (EC: IBA); GO_0005737 (EC: IBA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: IEA); GO_0006508 (EC: TAS, PMID:7797510); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID:7743998); GO_0042981 (EC: IEA); GO_0050727 (EC: IBA); GO_0072557 (EC: IBA); GO_0072559 (EC: IBA); GO_0097169 (EC: IBA); GO_0097194 (EC: IBA) PMID:1919001; 7743998; 7797510; 7797592; 8125298; 8962078; 9233763; 9250871; 9539746; 9694885; 9792675; 9875225; 10069390; 10329646; 10477277; 10872455; 11927604; 12096920; 12477932; 14702039; 15123740; 15146197; 15326478; 15489334; 15500642; 15975932; 16920334; 17353931; 17942194; 18029041; 18056395; 19269008; 19414860; 19573080; 19705160; 19773279; 20237496; 20402676; 20453000; 20514521; 20816908; 20855536; 21282934; 21317160; 21479362; 21781452; 21832049; 21984918; 21988832; 22246630; 22733992; 23661706; 23684308 caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000196954 HGNC:1505 HPRD:04047 MIM:602664 Vega:OTTHUMG00000166078 Other designations: CASP-4|ICE(rel)-II|apoptotic cysteine protease Mih1/TX|caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-4|protease ICH-2|protease TX CASP4 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ICE(rel)III ICEREL-III ICH-3 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP5 caspase 5, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 838 11q22.2-q22.3 9606 11 GO_0004197 (EC: IBA); GO_0005737 (EC: IBA); GO_0006508 (EC: TAS, PMID:7797592); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID:7797592); GO_0008234 (EC: TAS, PMID:7797592); GO_0021762 (EC: IEP); GO_0042981 (EC: IEA); GO_0050727 (EC: IBA); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID:19593445); GO_0072557 (EC: IBA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0072558 (EC: IDA, PMID:12191486); GO_0072559 (EC: IBA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0097169 (EC: IBA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0097194 (EC: IBA) PMID:7797592; 8617266; 9250871; 9298992; 9894612; 10872455; 10986288; 11356849; 11535131; 12191486; 12477932; 12479849; 12853457; 12964016; 15886296; 16886895; 16893518; 17418785; 17676485; 18430458; 19074885; 19203830; 19269008; 19270026; 19414860; 19573080; 19593445; 19604093; 19773279; 20237496; 20379614; 20402676; 20434535; 20635389; 20855536; 21051981; 21191419; 21454616; 21668377; 21700414; 21969293; 22906436 caspase 5, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000137757 HGNC:1506 HPRD:04048 MIM:602665 Vega:OTTHUMG00000048073 Other designations: CASP-5|ICE(rel)-III|TY protease|caspase 5, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-5|protease ICH-3|protease TY CASP5 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He MCH2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP6 caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 839 4q25 9606 4 GO_0004197 (EC: IBA); GO_0004197 (EC: TAS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:12888622); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006508 (EC: IDA, PMID:12888622); GO_0006915 (EC: IBA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006921 (EC: TAS); GO_0008234 (EC: TAS, PMID:7796396); GO_0030855 (EC: IEP); GO_0042802 (EC: IPI) PMID:7796396; 7983002; 8710882; 8780721; 8812467; 8900201; 8962078; 8978814; 9219695; 9228018; 9298992; 9337844; 9463409; 9593687; 9857079; 9933635; 9990034; 10069390; 10103059; 10205159; 10409650; 10432301; 10438520; 10469173; 10481058; 10655504; 10734073; 10770929; 11016947; 11098060; 11246070; 11262188; 11331782; 11356849; 11387340; 11423904; 11438643; 11463840; 11514563; 11802788; 11832478; 11859414; 11901153; 11953316; 12052891; 12089322; 12145703; 12232792; 12477932; 12888622; 14713958; 15103018; 15200957; 15273717; 15280469; 15321985; 15356202; 15489334; 15500642; 15511269; 15654952; 15735701; 16123779; 16135563; 16169070; 16341674; 16518869; 16948818; 16977583; 17167422; 17337451; 17392160; 18029348; 18155731; 18408014; 18497562; 18723680; 18762957; 18820706; 18946722; 19022247; 19052714; 19219602; 19269008; 19414860; 19573080; 19694615; 19773279; 19897582; 19915487; 20097875; 20332099; 20402676; 20427671; 20437871; 20606168; 20661084; 20682790; 20702410; 20801175; 20855536; 20890311; 21098228; 21111746; 21139048; 21317160; 21621544; 21900206; 21906983; 21918813; 21936563; 21963094; 21988832; 22094081; 22433863; 22505724; 22683611; 22858542; 22891250; 23402898 caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000138794 HGNC:1507 HPRD:03321 MIM:601532 Vega:OTTHUMG00000131914 Other designations: apoptotic protease MCH-2|caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-6 CASP6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CASP-7 CMH-1 ICE-LAP3 LICE2 MCH3 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP7 caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 840 RP11-211N11.6 10q25 9606 10 GO_0001836 (EC: IEA); GO_0004190 (EC: IEA); GO_0004197 (EC: IBA); GO_0004197 (EC: TAS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:11084335); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005737 (EC: TAS, PMID:8576161); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006508 (EC: IDA, PMID:12888622); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006921 (EC: TAS); GO_0007507 (EC: IEA); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0008234 (EC: TAS, PMID:8567622); GO_0008635 (EC: TAS); GO_0009411 (EC: IEA); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0097153 (EC: IEA); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097194 (EC: IBA) PMID:1056466; 7983002; 8125298; 8521391; 8567622; 8576161; 8631895; 8755496; 8780721; 8812467; 8889548; 8962078; 9070923; 9219695; 9228018; 9230442; 9298992; 9323209; 9325343; 9337844; 9384571; 9525868; 9535906; 9593687; 9607320; 9671712; 9850056; 9875225; 9894612; 9922454; 9990034; 10069390; 10082581; 10103059; 10200531; 10318789; 10469173; 10564664; 10675528; 10731697; 10791974; 10862606; 10998058; 11016947; 11024045; 11058599; 11084335; 11170436; 11257230; 11257231; 11257232; 11278572; 11356849; 11359776; 11387340; 11399776; 11420704; 11423904; 11425872; 11448953; 11514563; 11535131; 11555640; 11752425; 11755217; 11802788; 11815631; 11829465; 11832478; 11859414; 11875078; 11904443; 11943137; 12107159; 12145703; 12181742; 12477932; 12586738; 12665508; 12804035; 12824163; 12888622; 12951057; 12970753; 14512414; 14583630; 14584591; 14623896; 14713958; 15033720; 15200957; 15254227; 15489334; 15500642; 15507451; 15511269; 15580265; 15650747; 15735701; 16123041; 16213496; 16339151; 16344560; 16385451; 16498457; 16918502; 17023557; 17094969; 17167422; 17283187; 17337451; 17504820; 17532763; 17697120; 17880920; 17978580; 18072206; 18086147; 18459962; 18521960; 18596415; 18708163; 18723680; 18785314; 19022247; 19052714; 19058873; 19141860; 19219602; 19241192; 19258326; 19269008; 19323650; 19414860; 19531679; 19573080; 19581639; 19604093; 19605487; 19617626; 19655253; 19655254; 19692467; 19698783; 19738422; 19759058; 19770576; 19773279; 19782763; 19826114; 19913121; 19996278; 20159985; 20379614; 20402676; 20404718; 20453000; 20468060; 20566630; 20567846; 20628086; 20661084; 20800603; 20819778; 20855536; 20950443; 20959405; 21044950; 21142842; 21157428; 21484410; 21555521; 21936563; 22184066; 22441531; 22451931; 22548721; 22561518; 22584050; 22863883; 22986525; 23000965; 23190606; 23383273; 23650375; 23765963; 23979166 caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000165806 HGNC:1508 HPRD:03457 MIM:601761 Vega:OTTHUMG00000019076 Other designations: ICE-like apoptotic protease 3|apoptotic protease MCH-3|caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-7 CASP7 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALPS2B CAP4 Casp-8 FLICE MACH MCH5 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP8 caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 841 2q33-q34 9606 2 GO_0001525 (EC: IEA); GO_0001841 (EC: IEA); GO_0002020 (EC: IPI); GO_0002224 (EC: TAS); GO_0002756 (EC: TAS); GO_0004197 (EC: IDA, PMID:19240112); GO_0004197 (EC: TAS); GO_0005164 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:10442631); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0005815 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005856 (EC: TAS, PMID:10891503); GO_0006508 (EC: IDA, PMID:12888622); GO_0006915 (EC: IGI, PMID:17599062); GO_0006915 (EC: IMP); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0006919 (EC: TAS); GO_0006921 (EC: TAS); GO_0007507 (EC: IEA); GO_0008233 (EC: IMP, PMID:17047155); GO_0008234 (EC: TAS, PMID:8681376); GO_0008625 (EC: IBA); GO_0009409 (EC: IEA); GO_0016032 (EC: IEA); GO_0030101 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0030225 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0030690 (EC: IEA); GO_0031264 (EC: IDA, PMID:11101870); GO_0031265 (EC: IDA, PMID:11717445); GO_0031625 (EC: IPI, PMID:15069192); GO_0032025 (EC: IEA); GO_0032355 (EC: IEA); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0034138 (EC: TAS); GO_0034142 (EC: TAS); GO_0034612 (EC: IMP, PMID:10521396); GO_0035666 (EC: TAS); GO_0035872 (EC: TAS); GO_0035877 (EC: IPI, PMID:11717445); GO_0042110 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0042113 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0043005 (EC: IEA); GO_0043123 (EC: IEP, PMID:12761501); GO_0043123 (EC: IMP, PMID:12884866); GO_0043124 (EC: IMP, PMID:17047155); GO_0044297 (EC: IEA); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045121 (EC: IEA); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0045651 (EC: IMP, PMID:17047155); GO_0045862 (EC: IDA, PMID:18387192); GO_0046677 (EC: IEA); GO_0051291 (EC: IEA); GO_0051603 (EC: IMP, PMID:10521396); GO_0060715 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0070243 (EC: IEA); GO_0070423 (EC: TAS); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID:19593445); GO_0071407 (EC: IEA); GO_0097153 (EC: IMP); GO_0097190 (EC: IMP, PMID:11101870); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS); GO_0097191 (EC: IDA); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_0097194 (EC: IMP); GO_0097199 (EC: IMP, PMID:11717445); GO_0097202 (EC: IDA, PMID:18387192); GO_0097284 (EC: IEA); GO_0097342 (EC: IDA); GO_1900740 (EC: TAS); GO_2001238 (EC: IEA); GO_2001239 (EC: TAS) PMID:170210; 3031469; 7983002; 8521391; 8681376; 8681377; 8755496; 8962078; 9006941; 9027312; 9184224; 9208847; 9219695; 9228018; 9271594; 9289491; 9325248; 9326610; 9334338; 9337844; 9380701; 9535906; 9539746; 9560245; 9575181; 9624166; 9632733; 9721089; 9727491; 9727492; 9763668; 9774341; 9792675; 9804161; 9875225; 9878167; 9931493; 9971775; 9990034; 10069390; 10235259; 10329646; 10432301; 10435619; 10438581; 10442631; 10469173; 10493725; 10508784; 10521396; 10616217; 10708425; 10716992; 10734073; 10860845; 10891503; 10894160; 10911620; 10926122; 10964557; 11000244; 11002417; 11016947; 11048727; 11085743; 11098060; 11101867; 11101870; 11102441; 11161814; 11177389; 11181075; 11260720; 11264300; 11340079; 11387340; 11395500; 11406564; 11420686; 11423904; 11431480; 11437602; 11479289; 11514563; 11555640; 11583996; 11683038; 11684016; 11717445; 11733517; 11734564; 11735112; 11741396; 11741985; 11751056; 11751897; 11752160; 11772515; 11788820; 11832478; 11865194; 11877293; 11917123; 11933563; 11940602; 11965497; 11992615; 12010809; 12021264; 12037669; 12041673; 12052891; 12065591; 12095993; 12096338; 12097160; 12107159; 12107169; 12122017; 12131184; 12170765; 12189238; 12191471; 12196516; 12198154; 12215447; 12218097; 12220669; 12232792; 12353035; 12393901; 12404116; 12438416; 12477932; 12496481; 12496482; 12507932; 12527898; 12598529; 12620239; 12646168; 12668660; 12692130; 12700635; 12700660; 12702723; 12707329; 12721308; 12738800; 12748179; 12750393; 12750404; 12753742; 12754217; 12761501; 12765336; 12804595; 12841868; 12884866; 12887920; 12888622; 12911633; 12912912; 12960156; 13679856; 14522966; 14560027; 14584591; 14625033; 14644092; 14644197; 14684825; 14688019; 14701762; 14713958; 14759258; 14970175; 14982875; 14982947; 14991747; 14993214; 15015772; 15024054; 15034549; 15067048; 15069192; 15111130; 15142380; 15159409; 15205454; 15210716; 15254227; 15262979; 15280356; 15289853; 15369772; 15383280; 15388581; 15389560; 15390286; 15473998; 15476874; 15489334; 15492869; 15507451; 15507484; 15509781; 15531912; 15578977; 15592455; 15592525; 15601643; 15611097; 15637055; 15640164; 15645452; 15650242; 15659383; 15701651; 15717329; 15735701; 15735742; 15746428; 15760909; 15782135; 15815621; 15849201; 15906362; 15956881; 15976052; 16036110; 16135563; 16169070; 16179347; 16179941; 16183855; 16186808; 16193064; 16225956; 16227629; 16242324; 16251207; 16344560; 16374545; 16397500; 16436380; 16446372; 16478725; 16497673; 16528386; 16538383; 16541419; 16556893; 16607283; 16619028; 16633737; 16636047; 16722146; 16733806; 16762833; 16886176; 16920630; 16936772; 16938569; 16951203; 17018785; 17030903; 17047155; 17064406; 17071630; 17159907; 17167422; 17170703; 17182797; 17224200; 17272309; 17283187; 17290218; 17293864; 17314102; 17337451; 17378240; 17436592; 17442709; 17450141; 17488272; 17525260; 17532763; 17534194; 17545522; 17572490; 17585337; 17599062; 17616526; 17623017; 17626072; 17627287; 17653867; 17666167; 17684142; 17726263; 17891485; 17911615; 17932347; 17940865; 18029348; 18045865; 18054197; 18076022; 18086677; 18089778; 18089800; 18097748; 18158779; 18161513; 18216014; 18245485; 18305469; 18309324; 18324486; 18328427; 18343995; 18362937; 18381704; 18387192; 18398042; 18431743; 18455983; 18458084; 18473402; 18483392; 18485876; 18516683; 18563783; 18570872; 18596409; 18603835; 18617900; 18625728; 18632964; 18675369; 18676680; 18676836; 18684943; 18691973; 18716417; 18725521; 18728974; 18776134; 18796435; 18823309; 18823701; 18840411; 18974049; 19001123; 19013323; 19048023; 19048627; 19060883; 19074885; 19094228; 19111387; 19112091; 19115040; 19122169; 19124506; 19125371; 19141860; 19152111; 19160091; 19166881; 19170196; 19176810; 19203830; 19214542; 19214744; 19219602; 19239323; 19240112; 19258216; 19260109; 19269008; 19275584; 19275586; 19276244; 19289465; 19318553; 19343040; 19345995; 19372376; 19373245; 19412632; 19414860; 19427028; 19432816; 19453261; 19470771; 19492233; 19493480; 19521670; 19528225; 19531679; 19542541; 19543235; 19550122; 19573080; 19593445; 19597472; 19617217; 19625176; 19629679; 19644511; 19665028; 19684859; 19692168; 19692467; 19698994; 19710364; 19738422; 19770581; 19773279; 19773432; 19778795; 19795398; 19801665; 19807657; 19812265; 19826114; 19843670; 19852930; 19854135; 19902255; 19913121; 19923319; 19954364; 19996275; 20005201; 20012528; 20013803; 20033750; 20033885; 20044137; 20080300; 20085538; 20086182; 20087649; 20132554; 20143425; 20145138; 20150972; 20176653; 20198319; 20237344; 20301425; 20308068; 20353946; 20356928; 20363033; 20379197; 20398055; 20402676; 20403046; 20404718; 20443055; 20448643; 20453000; 20471133; 20502973; 20554749; 20564345; 20565257; 20572163; 20605201; 20606168; 20613771; 20616437; 20628086; 20644561; 20652397; 20661084; 20671745; 20677014; 20702410; 20724831; 20799830; 20800603; 20802294; 20804486; 20808443; 20811726; 20817393; 20819778; 20825417; 20829884; 20855536; 20870287; 20877624; 20937773; 20951133; 20959405; 20972266; 20978129; 20978178; 21048031; 21072056; 21104989; 21107701; 21135236; 21139048; 21153367; 21157428; 21166494; 21178828; 21183680; 21183955; 21248767; 21282461; 21328377; 21380726; 21396853; 21419663; 21426305; 21436691; 21444671; 21454681; 21458669; 21461653; 21483669; 21487429; 21524651; 21525013; 21538054; 21548803; 21554547; 21569377; 21576355; 21620750; 21628531; 21633787; 21667042; 21669575; 21697465; 21704196; 21714991; 21724551; 21737329; 21751259; 21785112; 21785459; 21801448; 21803845; 21816816; 21819468; 21822306; 21865223; 21868312; 21900206; 21906983; 21979465; 21983787; 21988832; 22010212; 22027693; 22037414; 22056502; 22094081; 22120515; 22160860; 22179575; 22211869; 22253841; 22266862; 22267217; 22274400; 22297296; 22322857; 22339913; 22357491; 22383778; 22408249; 22421964; 22508042; 22513478; 22528489; 22585859; 22588838; 22632162; 22644571; 22659694; 22672670; 22683265; 22683266; 22691345; 22801217; 22806078; 22815944; 22820578; 22843554; 22860893; 22864571; 22922291; 22949938; 22971934; 23071110; 23081800; 23096115; 23142077; 23185580; 23230268; 23244104; 23255602; 23289213; 23306557; 23313206; 23418437; 23434145; 23618862; 23659359; 23751956; 23770605; 23844036; 23921907; 23972990; 23982205; 24021263; 24121507; 24391214 caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000064012 HGNC:1509 HPRD:03459 MIM:601763 Vega:OTTHUMG00000132821 Other designations: FADD-homologous ICE/CED-3-like protease|FADD-like ICE|ICE-like apoptotic protease 5|MACH-alpha-1/2/3 protein|MACH-beta-1/2/3/4 protein|MORT1-associated ced-3 homolog|apoptotic cysteine protease|apoptotic protease Mch-5|caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-8 CASP8 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He APAF-3 APAF3 ICE-LAP6 MCH6 PPP1R56 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP9 caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 842 RP11-265F14.3 1p36.21 9606 1 GO_0004197 (EC: IBA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:10206961); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID:17167422); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID:8663294); GO_0006974 (EC: IDA, PMID:15657060); GO_0007173 (EC: TAS); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0008047 (EC: TAS, PMID:9390557); GO_0008233 (EC: IDA); GO_0008543 (EC: TAS); GO_0008630 (EC: IMP, PMID:15657060); GO_0008635 (EC: TAS); GO_0017124 (EC: IDA, PMID:15657060); GO_0019901 (EC: IDA, PMID:15657060); GO_0030220 (EC: TAS, PMID:18309324); GO_0032025 (EC: IEA); GO_0032355 (EC: IEA); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0034349 (EC: IEA); GO_0034644 (EC: IDA, PMID:15657060); GO_0038095 (EC: TAS); GO_0042770 (EC: IDA, PMID:15657060); GO_0042981 (EC: TAS); GO_0043065 (EC: TAS); GO_0043293 (EC: IDA); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0046677 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0048015 (EC: TAS); GO_0071549 (EC: IEA); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS); GO_2001020 (EC: IMP, PMID:15657060) PMID:1067155; 7983002; 8663294; 8900201; 8962078; 9323209; 9337844; 9390557; 9488720; 9539746; 9545235; 9651578; 9671712; 9812896; 9837928; 9878060; 9890966; 9922454; 9990849; 10070954; 10085063; 10187815; 10206961; 10329646; 10376594; 10384055; 10438581; 10469173; 10671558; 10708425; 11024045; 11069302; 11076957; 11084335; 11113115; 11230124; 11242052; 11248093; 11350957; 11387340; 11390657; 11393657; 11408476; 11423904; 11462036; 11514563; 11734640; 11801602; 11801603; 11803376; 11832478; 11870543; 11905052; 11919192; 11927604; 11948397; 12021264; 12055227; 12095993; 12096338; 12145703; 12147322; 12372609; 12393263; 12393884; 12404116; 12477932; 12566444; 12586738; 12620238; 12620239; 12637514; 12732844; 12749848; 12782307; 12792650; 12804035; 12914932; 12954616; 14512414; 14523016; 14566819; 14634335; 14684629; 14701803; 14747474; 14982875; 14991812; 14993223; 15200957; 15214043; 15220451; 15254227; 15262985; 15273730; 15280366; 15300255; 15473998; 15485395; 15485396; 15489334; 15500642; 15507451; 15578977; 15629764; 15657060; 15657349; 15674327; 15703181; 15725353; 15735701; 15749826; 15767427; 15811855; 15829969; 15935070; 16038259; 16120388; 16181301; 16242324; 16260615; 16287866; 16300929; 16322207; 16337360; 16339151; 16344560; 16480911; 16497673; 16505307; 16505493; 16511342; 16520893; 16687442; 16689829; 16701639; 16710414; 16716256; 16780893; 16895904; 16936772; 16979168; 17030903; 17071630; 17079734; 17140287; 17167422; 17179183; 17207965; 17285546; 17291493; 17299206; 17379327; 17409234; 17437405; 17466630; 17534194; 17626072; 17653867; 17893147; 17899380; 17967742; 18022362; 18054197; 18083711; 18086147; 18202770; 18297401; 18309324; 18381704; 18415681; 18632964; 18676680; 18723680; 18813792; 18814044; 18840411; 19013323; 19016842; 19052714; 19058789; 19074885; 19081073; 19141860; 19153467; 19159073; 19170196; 19183163; 19219602; 19238172; 19269008; 19275583; 19275584; 19275586; 19275587; 19359048; 19412632; 19414860; 19458171; 19465923; 19493480; 19550122; 19573080; 19625176; 19626422; 19655415; 19674438; 19692168; 19692467; 19698783; 19724860; 19741144; 19758996; 19770581; 19773279; 19789190; 19807657; 19826114; 19895210; 19906200; 19913121; 20012528; 20013803; 20022954; 20042134; 20060927; 20071584; 20227371; 20227384; 20340172; 20357690; 20379614; 20402676; 20404718; 20453000; 20490276; 20628086; 20644561; 20650551; 20661084; 20667824; 20800603; 20804486; 20855536; 20887385; 20959405; 20978129; 21045158; 21048031; 21091209; 21117896; 21142842; 21178828; 21266831; 21282934; 21284734; 21297999; 21382445; 21396853; 21461653; 21483669; 21538054; 21555338; 21565459; 21612408; 21622622; 21644232; 21659556; 21724551; 21757755; 21785112; 21827945; 21868008; 21869827; 21944661; 21957492; 21988832; 22086301; 22120515; 22191568; 22219640; 22306364; 22339913; 22552851; 22573662; 22616010; 22629415; 22679284; 22683311; 22926545; 22944165; 22974165; 22981751; 23038270; 23303631; 23383273; 23396972; 23424205; 23430060; 23443079; 23539542; 23566959; 23572523; 23615977; 23637769; 23645041; 23652278; 23678002; 23725396; 23867824; 24121507; 24161344; 24346702 caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000132906 HGNC:1511 HPRD:03756 MIM:602234 Vega:OTTHUMG00000002256 Other designations: ICE-like apoptotic protease 6|apoptotic protease MCH-6|apoptotic protease activating factor 3|caspase-9|protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 56 CASP9 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALPS2 FLICE2 MCH4 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASP10 caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 843 2q33-q34 9606 2 GO_0004197 (EC: TAS, PMID:10412980); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:12884866); GO_0005737 (EC: IBA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0006915 (EC: IBA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS); GO_0031265 (EC: IDA, PMID:11717445); GO_0031625 (EC: IPI, PMID:15069192); GO_0035877 (EC: IPI, PMID:11717445); GO_0042981 (EC: IEA); GO_0043123 (EC: IMP, PMID:12884866); GO_0043123 (EC: RCA, PMID:19641626); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0097190 (EC: TAS); GO_0097199 (EC: IMP, PMID:11717445); GO_0097342 (EC: IDA) PMID:170210; 1171445; 3031469; 8125298; 8521391; 8755496; 8962078; 9045686; 9153302; 9208847; 9228018; 9289491; 9325248; 9337844; 9792675; 10187817; 10412980; 10432301; 10716992; 10734073; 11002417; 11048727; 11098060; 11161814; 11395500; 11583996; 11717445; 11832478; 11973654; 12010812; 12037669; 12198154; 12388546; 12477932; 12527898; 12884866; 12887920; 14687710; 14688482; 14759258; 14761933; 15069192; 15280356; 15452117; 15500642; 15659383; 15735701; 15767684; 15772077; 16186808; 16251207; 16344560; 16446975; 16767158; 17071630; 17085968; 17159907; 17450141; 17479112; 17534194; 17623017; 17822854; 17999750; 18381704; 18563783; 18676680; 18716417; 18823309; 19074885; 19141860; 19166881; 19170196; 19219602; 19269008; 19380486; 19414860; 19423537; 19550122; 19604093; 19625176; 19641626; 19692168; 19773279; 19784808; 19826114; 19861680; 19900088; 19902255; 20025484; 20301287; 20402676; 20453000; 20467438; 20644561; 20661084; 20800603; 20802294; 20829884; 20855536; 20959405; 20978178; 21048031; 21139048; 21368896; 21454616; 21559821; 21911414; 21988832; 22683265; 22782902; 22843554; 22864571; 23212337; 23303631; 23541952; 23770605; 23921907 caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase Ensembl:ENSG00000003400 HGNC:1500 HPRD:03458 MIM:601762 Vega:OTTHUMG00000132818 Other designations: CASP-10|FADD-like ICE2|FAS-associated death domain protein interleukin-1B-converting enzyme 2|ICE-like apoptotic protease 4|apoptotic protease MCH-4|caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine protease|caspase-10|interleukin-1B-converting enzyme 2 CASP10 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CAR EIG8 FHH FIH GPRC2A HHC HHC1 HYPOC1 NSHPT PCAR1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CASR calcium-sensing receptor 846 3q13 9606 3 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001503 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7874174); GO_0004435 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7874174); GO_0004930 (EC: IEA); GO_0005513 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7759551); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7759551); GO_0006874 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7874174); GO_0007186 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7759551); GO_0007635 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7759551); GO_0008152 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7874174); GO_0009653 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7916660); GO_0070509 (EC: IDA) PMID: 7673400; 7677761; 7726161; 7759551; 7874174; 7916660; 8597637; 8613532; 8675635; 8702647; 8733126; 8756555; 9168937; 9217223; 9298824; 9677383; 9694886; 9722601; 9852126; 9920108; 9920407; 10405337; 10487661; 11013439; 11095989; 11108243; 11161843; 11248745; 11390379; 11390380; 11589681; 11668634; 11762699; 11863123; 11889154; 11889203; 11907035; 11979955; 11984699; 12018449; 12036954; 12040821; 12050233; 12052452; 12095982; 12150336; 12239240; 12241879; 12356761; 12399473; 12409307; 12459170; 12469911; 12477932; 12517779; 12544508; 12574201; 12605346; 12656660; 12700051; 12773131; 12783889; 12890593; 12899245; 12914574; 14508624; 14660633; 14713274; 14729680; 14976203; 14985373; 15201280; 15219850; 15472173; 15489334; 15501733; 15531522; 15551332; 15572418; 15579475; 15591042; 15598778; 15613438; 15637145; 15657061; 15684428; 15718278; 15781005; 15805541; 15837785; 15864123; 15879434; 15888439; 15960151; 16109841; 16117875; 16147994; 16218047; 16278666; 16472767; 16497624; 16509534; 16513638; 16596260; 16598859; 16616098; 16622736; 16642557; 16735501; 16738533; 16740430; 16754659; 16854379; 16938272; 17018660; 17046587; 17054460; 17062884; 17097611; 17110864; 17122384; 17124506; 17132283; 17138967; 17284438; 17309124; 17310098; 17320849; 17331389; 17332735; 17372216; 17374704; 17374709; 17426287; 17463182; 17473068; 17478419; 17482347; 17513419; 17537980; 17555508; 17591780; 17623778; 17698911; 17853337; 17932932; 17962359; 17974568; 17979873; 18065418; 18240029; 18296474; 18322048; 18328986; 18348986; 18393231; 18410554; 18443236; 18497443; 18525093; 18577758; 18621740; 18622738; 18676680; 18680227; 18703641; 18712808; 18751724; 18756473; 18796518; 18843020; 18852253; 18938753; 18980667; 19011996; 19035514; 19038444; 19058262; 19066294; 19073830; 19088423; 19133942; 19151705; 19157541; 19170196; 19179454; 19237714; 19257819; 19285978; 19328421; 19350667; 19389809; 19397786; 19423559; 19432691; 19453261; 19471101; 19474519; 19580466; 19621386; 19625176; 19640368; 19690432; 19692168; 19695239; 19706842; 19716891; 19789209; 19839774; 19887834; 19912241; 19913121; 19915295; 20034274; 20067903; 20130845; 20164288; 20237496; 20361938; 20364112; 20421307; 20424473; 20457124; 20558521; 20558539; 20595056; 20602573; 20628086; 20631026; 20634891; 20648625; 20654748; 20661308; 20668040; 20697181; 20705733; 20798521; 20826781; 20846291; 21048031; 21082232; 21084311; 21130730; 21183554; 21187282; 21209619; 21240254; 21317879; 21340433; 21369680; 21393549; 21414629; 21441391; 21532883; 21566074; 21645025; 21667241; 21843504; 21965686; 21966463; 22010828; 22024717; 22094462; 22107799; 22144504; 22158862; 22187299; 22192860; 22210744; 22278364; 22315359; 22403735; 22422767; 22424352; 22449852; 22577108; 22730443; 22789683; 22798347; 23009664; 23103379; 23108190; 23125333; 23169696; 23228129; 23247143; 23269116; 23271661; 23287098; 23300272; 23334987; 23372019; 23533647; 23552627; 23555732; 23569134; 23639611; 23674327; 23756480; 23764372; 23817301; 23856265; 23860708; 23864702; 23913941; 23917029; 23946278; 24068962; 24120622; 24238055; 24336654; 24455835 calcium-sensing receptor Ensembl:ENSG00000036828 HGNC:1514 HPRD:03122 MIM:601199 Vega:OTTHUMG00000159491 Other designations: extracellular calcium-sensing receptor|parathyroid Ca(2+)-sensing receptor 1|parathyroid cell calcium-sensing receptor 1 CASR Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CCNG WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCNG1 cyclin G1 900 5q32-q34 9606 5 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000079 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8626390); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0006949 (EC: IEA); GO_0007067 (EC: IEA); GO_0007095 (EC: IEA); GO_0007420 (EC: IEA); GO_0010243 (EC: IEA); GO_0016049 (EC: IEA); GO_0019904 (EC: IEA); GO_0030425 (EC: IEA); GO_0043025 (EC: IEA); GO_0043066 (EC: IEA); GO_0048471 (EC: IEA) PMID: 8626390; 8806701; 8887688; 8954786; 9013862; 10194136; 10196184; 11956189; 12214116; 12477932; 12556559; 12634633; 12642871; 12684677; 15077171; 15489334; 16322753; 17616664; 17868090; 18408012; 18632610; 18981217; 19584283; 19698214; 19738611; 21688120; 21832049; 21988832; 22105316; 22271581; 22649121; 22835824; 23589924 cyclin G1 Ensembl:ENSG00000113328 HGNC:1592 HPRD:03345 MIM:601578 Vega:OTTHUMG00000130380 Other designations: cyclin-G|cyclin-G1 CCNG1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CDW44 CSPG8 ECMR-III HCELL HUTCH-I IN LHR MC56 MDU2 MDU3 MIC4 Pgp1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CD44 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) 960 AL133330.1 11p13 9606 11 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001658 (EC: IEA); GO_0002246 (EC: IEA); GO_0004415 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17170110); GO_0004888 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: contributes_to, PMID: 17045821); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 11207560); GO_0005518 (EC: NAS, PMID: 2471973); GO_0005540 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17170110); GO_0005540 (EC: NAS, PMID: 1991450); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005794 (EC: IDA); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: NAS, PMID: 1991450); GO_0005975 (EC: TAS); GO_0007160 (EC: NAS, PMID: 1922057); GO_0007596 (EC: TAS); GO_0009897 (EC: IEA); GO_0009986 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16809613); GO_0010628 (EC: IEA); GO_0016055 (EC: IEA); GO_0016323 (EC: IEA); GO_0016337 (EC: NAS, PMID: 1922057); GO_0019221 (EC: TAS); GO_0022617 (EC: TAS); GO_0030198 (EC: TAS); GO_0030203 (EC: TAS); GO_0030212 (EC: TAS); GO_0030214 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17170110); GO_0030214 (EC: TAS); GO_0033138 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17045821); GO_0034116 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15100360); GO_0043066 (EC: IMP, PMID: 19047049); GO_0043154 (EC: IMP, PMID: 19047049); GO_0043518 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17045821); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0044344 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19577615); GO_0050731 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17045821); GO_0050900 (EC: TAS); GO_0051216 (EC: IEP, PMID: 11944887); GO_0060333 (EC: TAS); GO_0060442 (EC: IEA); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19199708); GO_0070374 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17045821); GO_0070487 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15100360); GO_1900625 (EC: IMP); GO_1902166 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17045821) PMID: 1281868; 1465456; 1496383; 1537855; 1694723; 1717145; 1730778; 1734871; 1840487; 1922057; 1991450; 2007624; 2056274; 2454887; 2466575; 2466576; 2471973; 2474557; 7499241; 7505012; 7508842; 7516819; 7529574; 7532176; 7539755; 7542116; 7557500; 7591309; 7699015; 7821789; 7908632; 8148709; 8343954; 8352881; 8576267; 8599448; 8636151; 8640758; 8649806; 8858161; 8871928; 8986622; 9058761; 9334256; 9472040; 9519902; 9573028; 9580567; 9794764; 10636882; 10652271; 10657301; 10737800; 10933060; 10950950; 11084024; 11095749; 11129651; 11207560; 11381077; 11402070; 11463356; 11466334; 11606575; 11716065; 11727257; 11740562; 11759056; 11792412; 11825873; 11825898; 11839564; 11840273; 11935029; 11944887; 12032545; 12090473; 12093135; 12127836; 12145196; 12145287; 12168806; 12183053; 12198147; 12223485; 12226094; 12235127; 12297287; 12356905; 12370738; 12371152; 12377945; 12392323; 12393872; 12407110; 12411303; 12421945; 12439723; 12444143; 12452061; 12477932; 12479099; 12485845; 12506143; 12508241; 12511569; 12511867; 12574156; 12629514; 12635659; 12650924; 12702150; 12711360; 12714503; 12727228; 12730955; 12748184; 12767055; 12779084; 12801931; 12820426; 12826680; 12842543; 12883358; 12893366; 12901833; 12908752; 12909589; 12911725; 12928429; 12939665; 12949055; 14504094; 14525786; 14534711; 14534719; 14614016; 14623895; 14644158; 14669354; 14702039; 14981907; 14992719; 15009704; 15013310; 15017146; 15023889; 15040016; 15048167; 15051494; 15060082; 15070674; 15100360; 15123640; 15239258; 15292257; 15313120; 15361838; 15452148; 15489334; 15509527; 15516973; 15531362; 15558018; 15578568; 15638368; 15638386; 15641486; 15645378; 15652352; 15655247; 15688033; 15728517; 15736104; 15783086; 15809746; 15816636; 15851553; 15867228; 15923644; 15943035; 15962382; 15990174; 16002044; 16085055; 16166750; 16177123; 16208414; 16219515; 16229685; 16234326; 16248506; 16311123; 16325770; 16335952; 16352650; 16354706; 16390331; 16407205; 16415175; 16419149; 16478744; 16494036; 16504370; 16530165; 16533775; 16554035; 16565089; 16565092; 16620830; 16636662; 16652145; 16702221; 16713680; 16809345; 16809613; 16848180; 16868940; 16969488; 16998483; 16998484; 17045821; 17081983; 17085435; 17092940; 17135256; 17136494; 17170110; 17237445; 17265493; 17324121; 17332338; 17343740; 17381240; 17383158; 17392272; 17464868; 17479111; 17482182; 17516109; 17540049; 17579117; 17581168; 17589956; 17599831; 17611661; 17611662; 17627000; 17638891; 17657222; 17679465; 17702746; 17708612; 17726647; 17846873; 17849363; 17891137; 17911438; 17914409; 17919613; 17940137; 17945212; 17945213; 17975002; 17987038; 18005092; 18029348; 18048043; 18077444; 18092951; 18094716; 18155656; 18160820; 18162778; 18193058; 18199543; 18214619; 18227732; 18234849; 18246799; 18265895; 18276068; 18279620; 18326820; 18350162; 18372518; 18375392; 18387829; 18396641; 18414895; 18415803; 18438684; 18441325; 18450428; 18450824; 18476625; 18476632; 18495204; 18502033; 18502153; 18513329; 18516325; 18559090; 18577517; 18608209; 18612220; 18614011; 18632604; 18644869; 18651220; 18654930; 18662989; 18753140; 18757307; 18787423; 18804101; 18804988; 18835619; 18852874; 18952835; 18971959; 18980968; 18981124; 18997126; 19004834; 19009655; 19010227; 19017033; 19017937; 19023892; 19047049; 19073595; 19077409; 19088176; 19097357; 19100415; 19141242; 19148550; 19167378; 19176383; 19199708; 19200980; 19243022; 19254252; 19275586; 19277703; 19322201; 19331807; 19350388; 19351367; 19360323; 19385591; 19396460; 19415765; 19416960; 19432801; 19434087; 19488035; 19506034; 19563418; 19577615; 19580891; 19582779; 19598259; 19621595; 19626493; 19633292; 19635906; 19638429; 19698232; 19703720; 19724852; 19764564; 19773544; 19787202; 19787231; 19794081; 19794958; 19794964; 19799609; 19816074; 19826051; 19857547; 19906290; 19912362; 19913121; 19914206; 19937401; 19952968; 19955840; 19965872; 19996285; 20019840; 20042890; 20083228; 20093404; 20093489; 20098615; 20121756; 20127679; 20142144; 20157733; 20178130; 20193563; 20199686; 20200161; 20211062; 20212041; 20228222; 20237496; 20306693; 20357818; 20361869; 20374021; 20382854; 20403620; 20405247; 20416163; 20454640; 20491779; 20525896; 20526812; 20530438; 20552237; 20562647; 20588206; 20605145; 20606680; 20606732; 20628086; 20628624; 20663864; 20663884; 20670691; 20696077; 20698358; 20799279; 20806065; 20809185; 20819778; 20837694; 20843027; 20851866; 20856229; 20920234; 20956971; 20962267; 20969572; 20971508; 20974992; 21055388; 21078678; 21087933; 21098716; 21105049; 21124918; 21136024; 21139048; 21151997; 21179550; 21194677; 21215700; 21254647; 21257828; 21257905; 21258793; 21278261; 21279958; 21294926; 21299347; 21331451; 21356346; 21374592; 21376257; 21393860; 21397861; 21411116; 21424816; 21454519; 21471214; 21471434; 21473743; 21482826; 21489997; 21493336; 21546273; 21570715; 21617876; 21618131; 21618132; 21630198; 21632186; 21633165; 21645921; 21649540; 21668410; 21678082; 21680714; 21685938; 21694464; 21701559; 21708929; 21718681; 21731740; 21743962; 21749678; 21764578; 21768115; 21768350; 21802218; 21804359; 21813394; 21819617; 21824412; 21827751; 21829201; 21830016; 21833756; 21835433; 21849440; 21895545; 21898409; 21906983; 21912471; 21933023; 21935375; 21935404; 21953074; 21957977; 21963094; 21987572; 21993315; 22014860; 22021370; 22024057; 22048598; 22068886; 22069487; 22072421; 22076958; 22119814; 22119938; 22125838; 22130902; 22135720; 22152097; 22205660; 22213301; 22216242; 22218639; 22234250; 22237177; 22242150; 22266115; 22270319; 22271686; 22272243; 22278305; 22293754; 22304920; 22307465; 22321833; 22322379; 22335271; 22363471; 22386367; 22389315; 22429811; 22433859; 22437554; 22449225; 22456539; 22473523; 22491449; 22493711; 22499789; 22514625; 22525501; 22552294; 22552741; 22559040; 22561518; 22610405; 22610780; 22621373; 22637644; 22654106; 22673507; 22673910; 22706704; 22711991; 22726066; 22733437; 22740085; 22740326; 22753277; 22770970; 22784357; 22804494; 22807608; 22836803; 22839505; 22842095; 22843930; 22847005; 22855175; 22863883; 22865879; 22870202; 22895075; 22901285; 22922740; 22923071; 22923171; 22932199; 22939629; 22947857; 22966907; 22967445; 22969228; 22972620; 23000965; 23002207; 23028444; 23031255; 23039365; 23049743; 23056168; 23071680; 23089492; 23098472; 23112116; 23118219; 23138176; 23143465; 23151220; 23160198; 23170789; 23171677; 23182705; 23220849; 23221384; 23226410; 23238743; 23251004; 23252868; 23263849; 23265944; 23273568; 23326564; 23334333; 23342032; 23373240; 23400010; 23404221; 23419168; 23422486; 23426175; 23435135; 23444222; 23445749; 23449937; 23457460; 23476138; 23547049; 23549458; 23565227; 23589287; 23589310; 23600676; 23603511; 23609373; 23633482; 23645762; 23664487; 23667174; 23679813; 23685894; 23736812; 23744486; 23764310; 23768762; 23778530; 23797812; 23800986; 23848514; 23856463; 23883608; 23884413; 23888049; 23940692; 24005673; 24064218; 24084461; 24091662; 24099991; 24194636; 24333422; 24434386 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Ensembl:ENSG00000026508 HGNC:1681 HPRD:00115 MIM:107269 Vega:OTTHUMG00000044388 Other designations: CD44 antigen|GP90 lymphocyte homing/adhesion receptor|Hermes antigen|cell surface glycoprotein CD44|chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 8|epican|extracellular matrix receptor III|hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand|heparan sulfate proteoglycan|homing function and Indian blood group system|hyaluronate receptor|phagocytic glycoprotein 1 CD44 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CDC2 CDC28A P34CDC2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CDK1 cyclin-dependent kinase 1 983 10q21.1 20140408 9606 10 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000082 (EC: TAS); GO_0000083 (EC: TAS); GO_0000086 (EC: TAS); GO_0000165 (EC: TAS); GO_0000186 (EC: TAS); GO_0000187 (EC: TAS); GO_0000226 (EC: TAS); GO_0000278 (EC: TAS); GO_0002224 (EC: TAS); GO_0002755 (EC: TAS); GO_0002756 (EC: TAS); GO_0004672 (EC: NAS, PMID: 9001210); GO_0004674 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19879842); GO_0004693 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11069302); GO_0004693 (EC: TAS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10373560); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005739 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19917720); GO_0005815 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005876 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11069302); GO_0006260 (EC: TAS); GO_0006281 (EC: TAS); GO_0006461 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: IEA); GO_0007067 (EC: IEA); GO_0007077 (EC: TAS); GO_0007095 (EC: IEA); GO_0007098 (EC: TAS, PMID: 19364923); GO_0007173 (EC: TAS); GO_0007264 (EC: TAS); GO_0007265 (EC: TAS); GO_0007344 (EC: TAS); GO_0007411 (EC: TAS); GO_0007569 (EC: IEA); GO_0008286 (EC: TAS); GO_0008353 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12721286); GO_0008543 (EC: TAS); GO_0009636 (EC: IEA); GO_0010628 (EC: IEA); GO_0014038 (EC: TAS, PMID: 17200138); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0014075 (EC: IEA); GO_0014823 (EC: IEA); GO_0016477 (EC: TAS, PMID: 17200138); GO_0018105 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19879842); GO_0030261 (EC: IEA); GO_0030332 (EC: IEA); GO_0030496 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11069302); GO_0030544 (EC: IEA); GO_0030855 (EC: IEP); GO_0031100 (EC: IEA); GO_0031145 (EC: TAS); GO_0033160 (EC: IEA); GO_0034134 (EC: TAS); GO_0034138 (EC: TAS); GO_0034142 (EC: TAS); GO_0034146 (EC: TAS); GO_0034162 (EC: TAS); GO_0034166 (EC: TAS); GO_0034501 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18195732); GO_0035173 (EC: IEA); GO_0035666 (EC: TAS); GO_0038095 (EC: TAS); GO_0038123 (EC: TAS); GO_0038124 (EC: TAS); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0043066 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11069302); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0045740 (EC: IEA); GO_0045931 (EC: IEA); GO_0045995 (EC: TAS); GO_0046686 (EC: IEA); GO_0046688 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0048678 (EC: IEA); GO_0051403 (EC: TAS); GO_0051437 (EC: TAS); GO_0051439 (EC: TAS); GO_0055015 (EC: IEA); GO_0060045 (EC: IEA); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_0070301 (EC: IEA) PMID: 914146; 1310466; 1318195; 1384126; 1388288; 1400350; 1406653; 1425574; 1628647; 1717476; 1748630; 1756735; 1828290; 1916766; 1939057; 2013279; 2183353; 2227411; 2344612; 2473839; 2538242; 2541912; 2570636; 2686978; 3289755; 3553962; 7474080; 7474100; 7494303; 7499230; 7578274; 7590285; 7592773; 7635160; 7666531; 7673335; 7716549; 7724583; 7737117; 7769006; 7790358; 7799941; 7822264; 7876309; 7902715; 7903056; 7925482; 7944411; 7949095; 7969176; 7983050; 8034666; 8051108; 8051175; 8070405; 8084605; 8087847; 8119945; 8125092; 8127873; 8242750; 8325880; 8376365; 8397206; 8397207; 8404858; 8423786; 8428596; 8440392; 8463339; 8475101; 8491187; 8524869; 8548803; 8565853; 8626512; 8626527; 8631817; 8652557; 8662825; 8663071; 8672508; 8806671; 8910336; 9001210; 9053846; 9069267; 9094673; 9109675; 9126608; 9130708; 9141461; 9188632; 9199321; 9235942; 9242535; 9244350; 9247342; 9258347; 9268380; 9271440; 9295339; 9315091; 9315635; 9398320; 9467962; 9515786; 9520381; 9524113; 9525956; 9560267; 9575153; 9585407; 9600099; 9614189; 9668078; 9725910; 9733650; 9753325; 9774639; 9885575; 9891079; 9926943; 9988268; 9990288; 10077596; 10339564; 10359664; 10362260; 10373560; 10383391; 10395539; 10403367; 10497277; 10502411; 10504341; 10524633; 10564259; 10602502; 10636877; 10656688; 10712923; 10716937; 10747892; 10764745; 10766737; 10767298; 10769027; 10793135; 10825186; 10864927; 10884347; 10924145; 10938080; 10958988; 10973963; 11034995; 11069302; 11076863; 11076968; 11113134; 11113184; 11135364; 11136719; 11259605; 11278541; 11278991; 11285280; 11310559; 11326318; 11327730; 11331587; 11395479; 11444800; 11470801; 11504921; 11516829; 11520933; 11531413; 11549262; 11559705; 11574543; 11584018; 11598127; 11683421; 11687586; 11774038; 11779217; 11782384; 11836499; 11861764; 11878934; 11895447; 11901153; 11953320; 11980914; 11986303; 12058066; 12077309; 12107172; 12124778; 12145207; 12151413; 12177195; 12186947; 12190313; 12200623; 12221128; 12361598; 12372621; 12397081; 12407107; 12411508; 12450396; 12468530; 12477932; 12525641; 12551973; 12556484; 12569090; 12569365; 12586835; 12604359; 12612056; 12612082; 12613668; 12648761; 12676926; 12721286; 12742823; 12771130; 12775724; 12791267; 12810701; 12832492; 12839990; 12852856; 12853968; 12881709; 12884029; 12912980; 14499622; 14551205; 14635192; 14645578; 14654553; 14697231; 14993212; 15014043; 15016823; 15024056; 15030318; 15050687; 15070733; 15073847; 15082718; 15125835; 15142377; 15145941; 15147269; 15175024; 15181148; 15215233; 15265780; 15276183; 15311285; 15317660; 15345747; 15367677; 15368451; 15474478; 15489334; 15489336; 15525513; 15525677; 15531913; 15541388; 15578977; 15582998; 15591787; 15592455; 15604258; 15635413; 15662526; 15674323; 15678101; 15725353; 15735702; 15735705; 15767402; 15780175; 15782160; 15790566; 15800651; 15817944; 15888452; 15951569; 15989971; 16009130; 16036217; 16109376; 16118207; 16142332; 16159883; 16192727; 16196087; 16198290; 16205633; 16226712; 16237118; 16247472; 16258277; 16344560; 16354571; 16371510; 16377132; 16381901; 16385451; 16407259; 16427064; 16458891; 16462731; 16465393; 16474839; 16478538; 16519687; 16533053; 16565220; 16629900; 16682949; 16760428; 16784539; 16807237; 16880735; 16880739; 16888198; 16998479; 17011204; 17012222; 17013563; 17043241; 17098733; 17159347; 17171635; 17172867; 17192257; 17200138; 17242184; 17274640; 17327911; 17349584; 17351640; 17359356; 17373700; 17386261; 17419986; 17431037; 17433108; 17466630; 17472438; 17474786; 17488622; 17498878; 17525531; 17540176; 17586317; 17636382; 17679094; 17681274; 17725712; 17906618; 17960875; 18003885; 18025303; 18029348; 18056802; 18069625; 18195732; 18201571; 18230152; 18245089; 18247328; 18271526; 18272572; 18272575; 18329369; 18337751; 18347064; 18356527; 18372919; 18408765; 18434602; 18445273; 18450493; 18457437; 18471975; 18477460; 18480403; 18490441; 18514189; 18550795; 18560763; 18568422; 18593881; 18615582; 18635963; 18655026; 18781797; 18799590; 18950845; 19048596; 19056867; 19061641; 19066288; 19134343; 19158392; 19162005; 19223178; 19275580; 19275583; 19275586; 19275588; 19303298; 19344781; 19364923; 19369249; 19375851; 19454010; 19458171; 19471022; 19473963; 19483727; 19509060; 19615732; 19664338; 19683496; 19687009; 19723060; 19725879; 19737929; 19738201; 19786724; 19789190; 19815027; 19837665; 19879842; 19884882; 19917720; 20062077; 20068230; 20068231; 20126263; 20169205; 20171170; 20181698; 20228808; 20360007; 20360068; 20367638; 20368335; 20368358; 20379221; 20395957; 20404109; 20412769; 20439461; 20444701; 20508983; 20526282; 20581839; 20711190; 20733055; 20739936; 20808790; 20810654; 20890132; 20935635; 20937773; 20956543; 20974803; 20974812; 21041660; 21059642; 21081492; 21081666; 21120602; 21123648; 21131960; 21135039; 21139048; 21148318; 21262764; 21308745; 21319273; 21325631; 21379580; 21406398; 21454540; 21488187; 21489275; 21498573; 21504622; 21522128; 21525341; 21569376; 21659531; 21693764; 21712819; 21743465; 21767532; 21813648; 21840486; 21871177; 21871181; 21875946; 21878504; 21878640; 21887332; 21890473; 21900237; 21900495; 21906983; 21907836; 21918813; 21924351; 21925791; 21951856; 21952639; 21963094; 21987572; 21987589; 21988832; 21998300; 22024133; 22053931; 22071694; 22101338; 22137483; 22158041; 22163316; 22266860; 22268729; 22407595; 22482362; 22496227; 22505724; 22552942; 22580043; 22623428; 22689984; 22718829; 22726437; 22768111; 22784093; 22814604; 22848730; 22863883; 22871736; 22907750; 22939629; 22949227; 22962268; 22965228; 23000965; 23045552; 23264621; 23330000; 23355470; 23383273; 23455152; 23471882; 23518499; 23525902; 23532886; 23543736; 23602568; 23619525; 23667531; 23720738; 23738518; 23775624; 23776131; 23814058; 23824909; 23901111; 23908594; 23921553; 23933584; 23956138; 23958962; 23966160; 23990466; 24101154; 24137814; 24248602; 24250222; 24457600 cyclin-dependent kinase 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000170312 HGNC:1722 HPRD:00302 MIM:116940 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018290 Other designations: cell cycle controller CDC2|cell division control protein 2 homolog|cell division cycle 2, G1 to S and G2 to M|cell division protein kinase 1|p34 protein kinase CDK1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He E2-CDC34 UBC3 UBCH3 UBE2R1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CDC34 cell division cycle 34 997 19p13.3 9606 19 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000082 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8248134); GO_0000209 (EC: IDA); GO_0004842 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10373550); GO_0004842 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8248134); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 10373550); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005634 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8248134); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0006270 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8248134); GO_0006464 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8248134); GO_0016567 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10373550); GO_0016567 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8248134); GO_0043161 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10373550); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0043951 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10373550); GO_0070848 (EC: IEA); GO_0070936 (EC: IDA); GO_0090261 (EC: IEA) PMID: 8248134; 8576261; 8939846; 9367342; 9430629; 9710583; 10329681; 10373550; 10385629; 10531035; 10713156; 10748083; 10769200; 10871850; 10918611; 11032804; 11054541; 11245432; 11463388; 11546811; 11566883; 11675391; 11689688; 12037680; 12060736; 12435635; 12477932; 12565873; 12813041; 12840033; 14532120; 14578910; 14645576; 14671314; 14690596; 14980219; 15327770; 15489334; 15611064; 15652359; 16123592; 16210246; 16322693; 16338364; 16472766; 16774918; 16861890; 16874460; 17274640; 17461777; 17597759; 17698585; 17785450; 17965458; 18029348; 18239684; 18458088; 18851830; 18950845; 19073596; 19084516; 19112177; 19123975; 19126550; 19240061; 19256485; 19471022; 19549727; 19581926; 19615732; 19875449; 19933270; 19945379; 20081843; 20160477; 20347421; 20353940; 20378537; 20379614; 20596027; 20638939; 20639865; 20663873; 20864041; 21098119; 21130766; 21139048; 21220517; 21296085; 21841822; 21890473; 21906983; 21963094; 22017877; 22053931; 22069333; 22087249; 22113614; 22145905; 22190037; 22210895; 22286100; 22334663; 22496338; 22669845; 22711876; 22748924; 22863883; 22959436; 23000965; 23250430; 23261596; 23297342; 23465077; 23478441; 23589337; 23604317; 23624912; 23910095; 23972993; 24129577; 24250222 cell division cycle 34 Ensembl:ENSG00000099804 HGNC:1734 HPRD:00306 MIM:116948 Vega:OTTHUMG00000180558 Other designations: cell division cycle 34 homolog|ubiquitin carrier protein|ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1|ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-32 KDA complementing|ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-CDC34|ubiquitin-protein ligase R1 CDC34 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CAP20 CDKN1 CIP1 MDA-6 P21 SDI1 WAF1 p21CIP1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CDKN1A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) 1026 6p21.2 9606 6 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000079 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8242751); GO_0000082 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10208428); GO_0000082 (EC: TAS); GO_0000086 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17553787); GO_0000278 (EC: TAS); GO_0000307 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17420273); GO_0004861 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7958916); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 15232106); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006468 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9106657); GO_0006974 (EC: IMP); GO_0006977 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15149599); GO_0006977 (EC: TAS); GO_0007050 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15149599); GO_0007050 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17553787); GO_0007173 (EC: TAS); GO_0007265 (EC: IEP, PMID: 9054499); GO_0008285 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10208428); GO_0008285 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17553787); GO_0008543 (EC: TAS); GO_0009411 (EC: IEA); GO_0009636 (EC: IEA); GO_0010243 (EC: IEA); GO_0010629 (EC: IEA); GO_0019912 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9106657); GO_0030308 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10208428); GO_0030332 (EC: IEA); GO_0030890 (EC: IEA); GO_0031100 (EC: IEA); GO_0031668 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17553787); GO_0032403 (EC: IEA); GO_0033158 (EC: IEA); GO_0038095 (EC: TAS); GO_0042326 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10208428); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0042771 (EC: IEA); GO_0043066 (EC: IEA); GO_0043068 (EC: IEA); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045736 (EC: IEA); GO_0045860 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9106657); GO_0046685 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0048011 (EC: TAS); GO_0048015 (EC: TAS); GO_0048146 (EC: IMP, PMID: 17420273); GO_0051412 (EC: IEA); GO_0055093 (EC: IEA); GO_0070557 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18794347); GO_0071479 (EC: IMP); GO_0071850 (EC: IEA); GO_0090398 (EC: IMP, PMID: 15149599); GO_0090400 (EC: TAS); GO_0097193 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9660939); GO_2000278 (EC: IEA); GO_2000379 (EC: IMP) PMID: 7478582; 7478594; 7655464; 7698009; 7753561; 7780738; 7911228; 7958916; 8084608; 8101826; 8125163; 8242751; 8242752; 8259214; 8560263; 8622677; 8641969; 8647134; 8657154; 8662825; 8700517; 8756624; 8807325; 8861913; 8861969; 8891332; 8999999; 9054499; 9106657; 9178907; 9190208; 9218599; 9372966; 9380407; 9396813; 9464540; 9465025; 9467962; 9472014; 9515786; 9545252; 9546435; 9632134; 9658399; 9660939; 9705499; 9716181; 9716736; 9736735; 9798959; 9799125; 9811456; 9822382; 9837900; 9840927; 9840943; 9858585; 9858587; 10022118; 10022926; 10208428; 10323868; 10337545; 10455148; 10486249; 10529385; 10581175; 10679299; 10692450; 10698951; 10710306; 10753973; 10764767; 10828884; 10837373; 10848585; 10858286; 10873631; 10874474; 10878006; 10891505; 10912791; 10918595; 10973963; 11022036; 11076863; 11084299; 11132966; 11175348; 11179504; 11231585; 11254741; 11255227; 11302688; 11313979; 11343236; 11350925; 11389691; 11463845; 11477082; 11498536; 11559705; 11642719; 11684722; 11695244; 11700040; 11733969; 11741909; 11748297; 11751405; 11751903; 11756412; 11762751; 11781193; 11809712; 11815410; 11842244; 11860939; 11872638; 11877274; 11877298; 11877436; 11882322; 11893252; 11896572; 11908736; 11911463; 11931757; 11943869; 11953864; 11956602; 11968052; 11989975; 12015083; 12025230; 12036888; 12046058; 12052868; 12054510; 12054572; 12054658; 12055678; 12058028; 12111504; 12123335; 12138103; 12145325; 12151346; 12151347; 12151395; 12168821; 12204872; 12205674; 12354776; 12359245; 12361598; 12370305; 12379120; 12383116; 12384701; 12388558; 12392301; 12393707; 12396717; 12400017; 12407107; 12412576; 12417334; 12417722; 12429910; 12431783; 12431987; 12434183; 12441075; 12457968; 12459877; 12474524; 12477932; 12485998; 12513833; 12517948; 12519780; 12522211; 12527941; 12531694; 12545156; 12573582; 12599217; 12612054; 12642873; 12644083; 12651158; 12665570; 12665584; 12680256; 12681289; 12690110; 12698196; 12699883; 12705898; 12706118; 12716906; 12727210; 12727815; 12748190; 12771291; 12781424; 12782595; 12800980; 12809883; 12810668; 12820963; 12825853; 12839982; 12841870; 12847090; 12853982; 12855666; 12867429; 12884030; 12885947; 12890637; 12897156; 12930830; 12930846; 12931225; 12936910; 12947099; 12949733; 12963997; 12964161; 12970742; 13678583; 14504476; 14572899; 14574404; 14580260; 14592451; 14597617; 14607331; 14607337; 14628083; 14633995; 14637149; 14642618; 14647439; 14677632; 14702288; 14712207; 14715257; 14719078; 14726710; 14738489; 14744793; 14751560; 14759525; 14761977; 14762439; 14764039; 14981901; 15001356; 15003515; 15014036; 15016552; 15024057; 15033443; 15036662; 15059516; 15060836; 15069711; 15081425; 15082782; 15084259; 15094066; 15107488; 15111320; 15122333; 15142382; 15149599; 15161699; 15169570; 15171713; 15173090; 15179054; 15181148; 15184045; 15184659; 15190207; 15201954; 15201979; 15226418; 15232106; 15240512; 15251435; 15286705; 15291355; 15297421; 15302882; 15309711; 15317660; 15321712; 15340083; 15342418; 15347670; 15367606; 15371422; 15371446; 15378017; 15386430; 15389598; 15456784; 15474507; 15475071; 15489334; 15489336; 15492264; 15497017; 15509808; 15510615; 15528212; 15546622; 15555546; 15557281; 15574338; 15576034; 15580267; 15582998; 15592362; 15598783; 15606307; 15609309; 15616584; 15623356; 15645120; 15647383; 15660129; 15664193; 15665589; 15665816; 15671036; 15674334; 15674341; 15690394; 15694358; 15694838; 15695403; 15708847; 15709169; 15710329; 15716956; 15735102; 15736438; 15738655; 15743033; 15743834; 15746092; 15750619; 15752352; 15753078; 15756520; 15763542; 15764647; 15765097; 15767448; 15776189; 15780936; 15780937; 15798220; 15807891; 15817070; 15819981; 15839202; 15840769; 15856024; 15866118; 15878916; 15880444; 15880942; 15890360; 15893728; 15905168; 15936816; 15942645; 15944261; 15960923; 15964852; 15964998; 15965232; 15972853; 15975933; 15989967; 16009130; 16012716; 16014176; 16054204; 16078010; 16080520; 16081043; 16082198; 16082224; 16091736; 16111738; 16122475; 16135801; 16142303; 16142340; 16149052; 16150942; 16169070; 16182613; 16189514; 16191374; 16199872; 16200730; 16214366; 16226712; 16243918; 16248979; 16254341; 16256947; 16262255; 16276353; 16280359; 16283431; 16287849; 16288006; 16289646; 16343435; 16344056; 16344560; 16364249; 16381901; 16394138; 16432835; 16434701; 16464125; 16474839; 16479163; 16480585; 16507767; 16510448; 16514663; 16533812; 16551699; 16554660; 16580634; 16581770; 16616141; 16678112; 16705171; 16712793; 16718778; 16723699; 16735508; 16765349; 16775840; 16777994; 16782892; 16803887; 16804724; 16804901; 16818630; 16831599; 16835890; 16837471; 16867219; 16951143; 16952553; 16953367; 16964243; 16982699; 17008550; 17014852; 17016640; 17050675; 17054950; 17055654; 17059853; 17062672; 17072949; 17074759; 17079232; 17079872; 17080297; 17080554; 17108107; 17109628; 17115032; 17130157; 17158927; 17172426; 17172832; 17188136; 17203174; 17214516; 17239344; 17273559; 17283049; 17284535; 17286201; 17292858; 17293600; 17293864; 17294043; 17300726; 17303651; 17317670; 17325029; 17337084; 17339230; 17351341; 17371838; 17373842; 17388661; 17409409; 17420273; 17431791; 17438369; 17443496; 17448597; 17460193; 17460194; 17465503; 17477906; 17498252; 17502456; 17513615; 17517622; 17536310; 17553787; 17556661; 17560543; 17585201; 17588519; 17592292; 17595776; 17606716; 17611661; 17616661; 17617120; 17619016; 17627285; 17634558; 17638911; 17641414; 17656367; 17662641; 17671089; 17671689; 17671727; 17679094; 17682292; 17684142; 17686574; 17692879; 17700068; 17721438; 17804869; 17855660; 17873065; 17885207; 17894409; 17911387; 17920036; 17925548; 17937105; 17941827; 17952758; 17972508; 18004740; 18024214; 18025091; 18035504; 18046503; 18049450; 18057010; 18067855; 18071305; 18086887; 18097575; 18156402; 18162471; 18162533; 18166158; 18172194; 18174230; 18174243; 18181833; 18202757; 18203777; 18205772; 18212054; 18215742; 18226366; 18230337; 18243530; 18251939; 18263614; 18278446; 18281511; 18281541; 18292944; 18298387; 18316600; 18334933; 18339845; 18348176; 18353898; 18358634; 18361427; 18374497; 18385383; 18385759; 18386236; 18400748; 18413741; 18427550; 18441278; 18451802; 18456456; 18458079; 18459109; 18463164; 18498065; 18507837; 18508827; 18509005; 18546941; 18559599; 18562088; 18563330; 18583941; 18593937; 18619950; 18632985; 18644983; 18655775; 18664350; 18694622; 18698027; 18703516; 18710616; 18713757; 18719376; 18765563; 18766473; 18782865; 18788572; 18790797; 18791688; 18794347; 18794348; 18798266; 18806827; 18818310; 18823025; 18829543; 18842998; 18850004; 18850315; 18852884; 18923142; 18941111; 18948188; 18949380; 18950845; 18979138; 18981726; 19001415; 19002614; 19033664; 19041685; 19058005; 19064572; 19091404; 19096232; 19102934; 19106607; 19122196; 19124506; 19125693; 19129183; 19134409; 19141585; 19159630; 19161984; 19176223; 19176530; 19177004; 19211566; 19211842; 19221506; 19223555; 19224585; 19237173; 19243472; 19249676; 19258477; 19262578; 19263441; 19269967; 19273588; 19275888; 19276188; 19276356; 19305381; 19321391; 19322021; 19322654; 19329556; 19330811; 19332548; 19339270; 19356250; 19364816; 19367277; 19383287; 19384944; 19407849; 19409758; 19435914; 19452712; 19453261; 19458054; 19465901; 19465904; 19481339; 19487575; 19491257; 19491398; 19502805; 19505915; 19513497; 19528229; 19536092; 19536131; 19538940; 19541625; 19550124; 19557639; 19560419; 19572978; 19578553; 19581932; 19609363; 19626602; 19628749; 19629483; 19635457; 19638413; 19643983; 19657064; 19657726; 19664338; 19667069; 19668373; 19670700; 19672706; 19686092; 19686743; 19692168; 19693773; 19704162; 19713748; 19723065; 19723093; 19723627; 19730150; 19732026; 19738611; 19750108; 19773351; 19789190; 19795398; 19798054; 19802676; 19818775; 19819988; 19820361; 19822666; 19840446; 19855935; 19860623; 19895794; 19910837; 19913121; 19914103; 19921577; 19923826; 19931389; 19935879; 19950226; 19955391; 19956635; 19956888; 19958256; 20006705; 20012529; 20018861; 20025780; 20039273; 20054616; 20062013; 20062063; 20067556; 20071335; 20079711; 20084294; 20086099; 20101223; 20102411; 20112071; 20126416; 20127253; 20139077; 20144199; 20154723; 20160708; 20164022; 20169278; 20179200; 20190802; 20190813; 20190815; 20193371; 20203690; 20204299; 20204303; 20211058; 20219912; 20301197; 20302655; 20303835; 20308078; 20331843; 20347598; 20349127; 20350217; 20351180; 20357201; 20363991; 20369488; 20370687; 20383190; 20388787; 20419447; 20428774; 20433229; 20444901; 20452353; 20453000; 20458559; 20466633; 20495378; 20504375; 20508865; 20510020; 20510146; 20524403; 20544840; 20583115; 20587660; 20598695; 20600642; 20605778; 20606006; 20622899; 20628086; 20644561; 20668328; 20701798; 20702488; 20732856; 20803550; 20813048; 20814747; 20818156; 20844987; 20858736; 20878079; 20890119; 20954283; 20955243; 20966541; 20979563; 21040707; 21046779; 21048031; 21054888; 21076409; 21087528; 21088000; 21098705; 21115898; 21124069; 21127431; 21139048; 21148311; 21165952; 21242961; 21245169; 21262772; 21288367; 21292770; 21308745; 21311948; 21325273; 21325288; 21325480; 21336720; 21342417; 21358637; 21368573; 21383005; 21402054; 21415438; 21415862; 21417953; 21419318; 21430453; 21437722; 21439247; 21443127; 21460037; 21475302; 21478095; 21511729; 21515331; 21526487; 21532626; 21546904; 21552210; 21554918; 21559393; 21561680; 21565979; 21567397; 21575583; 21608063; 21616632; 21628527; 21637851; 21637966; 21642427; 21652709; 21666704; 21677879; 21685936; 21704589; 21709715; 21725088; 21726628; 21729169; 21768776; 21769863; 21780161; 21791360; 21804532; 21820300; 21832049; 21858171; 21870644; 21875573; 21877955; 21887277; 21890473; 21900206; 21903579; 21906983; 21907315; 21918011; 21933447; 21933903; 21938741; 21956786; 21963094; 21976111; 21988832; 22001409; 22002313; 22009857; 22032898; 22101335; 22110135; 22117196; 22135025; 22147197; 22160829; 22172947; 22173494; 22190353; 22199295; 22206000; 22211246; 22214381; 22216119; 22217266; 22227369; 22244827; 22249270; 22262409; 22266309; 22277651; 22291954; 22296117; 22311974; 22320961; 22321971; 22371483; 22383522; 22392074; 22401965; 22427654; 22428663; 22446964; 22449259; 22469187; 22490020; 22503977; 22510560; 22511267; 22511763; 22514271; 22521293; 22547059; 22547681; 22555846; 22615960; 22634755; 22650359; 22662213; 22673765; 22675167; 22683204; 22684370; 22698403; 22711822; 22713239; 22732402; 22735451; 22751124; 22771799; 22797886; 22814028; 22814742; 22820403; 22828875; 22858377; 22859066; 22869584; 22956625; 22964432; 22980580; 22988851; 22995373; 22997714; 23000965; 23007394; 23007395; 23013131; 23026136; 23034899; 23037503; 23066038; 23085750; 23085987; 23128396; 23133524; 23146670; 23153928; 23158659; 23159636; 23160381; 23167335; 23167427; 23169665; 23178572; 23184467; 23187802; 23208500; 23210340; 23211592; 23213251; 23215027; 23219618; 23224600; 23231583; 23236067; 23238566; 23253087; 23255119; 23261596; 23261678; 23271730; 23275116; 23292332; 23306062; 23306186; 23318451; 23324739; 23329847; 23333058; 23349794; 23349842; 23359201; 23375502; 23376845; 23382584; 23383273; 23388456; 23399735; 23449391; 23455922; 23457546; 23458879; 23463857; 23536437; 23555284; 23577194; 23582783; 23590292; 23601845; 23602568; 23603558; 23618860; 23639631; 23645206; 23652278; 23665236; 23684928; 23715767; 23737759; 23745637; 23759594; 23780339; 23807750; 23832541; 23832542; 23856463; 23928864; 23949224; 24027428; 24074410; 24076166; 24082141; 24119401; 24123000; 24134839; 24217248; 24225749; 24244542; 24277930; 24291038; 24379070 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) Ensembl:ENSG00000124762 HGNC:1784 HPRD:00298 MIM:116899 Vega:OTTHUMG00000014603 Other designations: CDK-interacting protein 1|CDK-interaction protein 1|DNA synthesis inhibitor|cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1|melanoma differentiation associated protein 6|wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 CDKN1A Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He C/EBP-delta CELF CRP3 NF-IL6-beta WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CEBPD CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), delta 1052 8p11.2-p11.1 9606 8 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003700 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0006366 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8314590); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1638120; 1741402; 1840554; 1884998; 7594592; 7789168; 8314590; 8946919; 9570146; 11741938; 11851384; 12177065; 12477932; 12524424; 12554732; 12825852; 12857754; 12937035; 15212823; 15389878; 15389879; 15486993; 15588942; 15674331; 15718495; 15901830; 16195339; 16322893; 16397300; 16914534; 16997058; 17098861; 17234736; 17373909; 17562792; 17903252; 17910034; 18370833; 18477566; 18619497; 18660489; 18753137; 19471022; 19800021; 19806320; 19811452; 20385105; 20460359; 20467438; 20805509; 20829351; 20971808; 21072181; 21076392; 21112127; 21612582; 21666710; 21693764; 21980073; 22037769; 23028973; 23575666; 23603433; 23861541; 24128855; 24155666 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), delta HGNC:1835 HPRD:00297 MIM:116898 Other designations: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta|c/EBP delta|nuclear factor NF-IL6-beta CEBPD Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CENP-E KIF10 PPP1R61 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CENPE centromere protein E, 312kDa 1062 4q24-q25 9606 4 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000089 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2022189); GO_0000278 (EC: TAS); GO_0000775 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11084331); GO_0000776 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11682612); GO_0000778 (EC: IEA); GO_0000779 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19465021); GO_0000940 (EC: TAS, Qualifier: colocalizes_with, PMID: 9763420); GO_0003777 (EC: IMP, PMID: 7889940); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 17535814); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: IMP, PMID: 9763420); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005819 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005871 (EC: IEA); GO_0005874 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7889940); GO_0007018 (EC: TAS); GO_0007079 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1406971); GO_0007080 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9363944); GO_0007275 (EC: IEA); GO_0007596 (EC: TAS); GO_0008017 (EC: IEA); GO_0008152 (EC: IMP, PMID: 7889940); GO_0015630 (EC: IDA); GO_0019886 (EC: TAS); GO_0043515 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9763420); GO_0045860 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12925705); GO_0051382 (EC: NAS, PMID: 9763420) PMID: 1406971; 2022189; 7851898; 7889940; 9363944; 9391217; 9744883; 9763420; 9914370; 10477750; 10852915; 11084331; 11337467; 11682612; 12686615; 12925705; 12938929; 14684825; 15146197; 15159587; 15181147; 15236970; 15297875; 16144904; 16196087; 16565220; 16682006; 16926026; 17081983; 17268814; 17370265; 17535814; 18029348; 18342609; 18374647; 18460473; 19389623; 19465021; 19525938; 19553660; 19625775; 19723035; 19733075; 19779646; 20021663; 20085233; 20237434; 20332099; 20354862; 20360068; 20691903; 21139048; 21282530; 22110139; 22307330; 22637578; 22801780; 22974711; 23236152; 23314748; 23666240; 23955301 centromere protein E, 312kDa Ensembl:ENSG00000138778 HGNC:1856 HPRD:00316 MIM:117143 Vega:OTTHUMG00000160980 Other designations: Centromere autoantigen E (312kD)|centromere-associated protein E|kinesin family member 10|kinesin-related protein CENPE|protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 61 CENPE Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AP19 CLAPS1 EKV3 MEDNIK SIGMA1A WUGSC:H_DJ0747G18.2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene AP1S1 adaptor-related protein complex 1, sigma 1 subunit 1174 7q22.1 9606 7 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000139 (EC: TAS); GO_0005765 (EC: TAS); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0005905 (EC: IEA); GO_0006886 (EC: IEA); GO_0006892 (EC: TAS); GO_0006898 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9733768); GO_0008565 (EC: IEA); GO_0009615 (EC: IEP, PMID: 16548883); GO_0016032 (EC: TAS); GO_0019886 (EC: TAS); GO_0030121 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9733768); GO_0030659 (EC: TAS); GO_0032588 (EC: TAS); GO_0050690 (EC: TAS); GO_0061024 (EC: TAS) PMID: 2040623; 7593184; 9653655; 9733768; 9736718; 9811606; 9811611; 9847074; 9882340; 10535737; 10747088; 10966473; 11031247; 11222723; 11252894; 11463741; 11694590; 11707398; 12215646; 12477932; 12486136; 12836198; 12853948; 15469849; 15489334; 15569716; 15681409; 16253302; 16548883; 17353931; 18336259; 18781797; 19057675; 19149577; 19895210; 20594957; 21139048; 21762802; 21906983; 21963094; 21987572; 22103831; 22939629; 23000965; 23423674; 23956138; 24250222 adaptor-related protein complex 1, sigma 1 subunit Ensembl:ENSG00000106367 HGNC:559 HPRD:04635 MIM:603531 Vega:OTTHUMG00000157103 Other designations: AP-1 complex subunit sigma-1A|HA1 19 kDa subunit|adapter-related protein complex 1 sigma-1A subunit|adapter-related protein complex 1 subunit sigma-1A|adaptor protein complex AP-1 subunit sigma-1A|clathrin assembly protein complex 1 sigma-1A small chain|clathrin coat assembly protein AP19|clathrin-associated/assembly/adaptor protein, small 1 (19kD)|erythrokeratodermia variabilis 3 (Kamouraska type)|golgi adaptor HA1/AP1 adaptin sigma-1A subunit|sigma1A subunit of AP-1 clathrin adaptor complex|sigma1A-adaptin AP1S1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He APO-J APOJ CLI CLU1 CLU2 KUB1 NA1/NA2 SGP-2 SGP2 SP-40 TRPM-2 TRPM2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CLU clusterin 1191 AAG4 8p21-p12 9606 8 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001836 (EC: IC, PMID: 16113678); GO_0002576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16113678); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11123922); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16113678); GO_0005783 (EC: IEA); GO_0005829 (EC: IEA); GO_0006629 (EC: NAS, PMID: 2387851); GO_0006956 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1585460); GO_0006958 (EC: IEA); GO_0007596 (EC: TAS); GO_0009615 (EC: IEP, PMID: 16548883); GO_0016887 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT, PMID: 11123922); GO_0030168 (EC: TAS); GO_0031012 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: colocalizes_with); GO_0031093 (EC: TAS); GO_0031625 (EC: IDA); GO_0031966 (EC: IEA); GO_0032436 (EC: IMP); GO_0032463 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16113678); GO_0034366 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16682745); GO_0042583 (EC: IEA); GO_0043065 (EC: IMP); GO_0043691 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16682745); GO_0045087 (EC: IEA); GO_0048471 (EC: IDA); GO_0050821 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11123922); GO_0051092 (EC: IMP); GO_0051787 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11123922); GO_0051787 (EC: IPI, PMID: 19996109); GO_0051788 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19996109); GO_0061077 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11123922); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19056867); GO_0072562 (EC: IDA); GO_0097193 (EC: IDA); GO_1902230 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16113678); GO_2000060 (EC: IMP); GO_2001244 (EC: IMP) PMID: 1424805; 1491011; 1551440; 1585460; 1903064; 1924317; 1974459; 2185274; 2387851; 2454950; 2601725; 2721499; 2780565; 2780570; 3154963; 3167096; 7615015; 7626703; 7768901; 8181474; 8292612; 8314591; 8328966; 8345200; 8387101; 8555189; 8634259; 8752142; 8759347; 8843912; 8889548; 9228033; 9336835; 9537999; 10066740; 10219089; 10329371; 10694874; 11123922; 11186422; 11570883; 11714447; 11795992; 11813210; 11892985; 11904161; 11906815; 12082621; 12172907; 12176985; 12200037; 12393179; 12427144; 12429802; 12470829; 12477932; 12551933; 12679903; 12754519; 12824284; 12860995; 12867999; 12882985; 14618611; 14630798; 14702039; 14718574; 14760718; 15033782; 15133840; 15146195; 15158456; 15174051; 15247015; 15252304; 15304052; 15342556; 15389725; 15480429; 15489334; 15492264; 15499376; 15538973; 15591223; 15649646; 15689620; 15791650; 15809754; 15883054; 15925890; 15929184; 15955107; 16113678; 16179938; 16263699; 16331665; 16335952; 16421571; 16464517; 16490286; 16548883; 16675913; 16682745; 16709604; 16709934; 16740002; 16775601; 16806233; 16955214; 17043677; 17048076; 17056579; 17080454; 17148459; 17170699; 17203891; 17224269; 17260971; 17322305; 17407782; 17412999; 17420006; 17451556; 17512083; 17534116; 17535098; 17689225; 17855704; 17872975; 17974975; 18079682; 18082619; 18097679; 18239862; 18378577; 18458059; 18514801; 18542050; 18612545; 18624398; 18649357; 18709641; 18712185; 18714397; 18786636; 18806885; 18813793; 18842294; 19056867; 19118032; 19137541; 19165232; 19166932; 19177010; 19182256; 19220628; 19264665; 19289586; 19344414; 19353783; 19357365; 19391138; 19413638; 19446882; 19535339; 19542874; 19651157; 19664600; 19734902; 19734903; 19757199; 19793084; 19814590; 19878569; 19878770; 19878774; 19879420; 19879421; 19879422; 19879423; 19903339; 19903745; 19935703; 19940549; 19996109; 20000738; 20007348; 20009887; 20019877; 20028970; 20057494; 20058210; 20068069; 20096688; 20195357; 20209083; 20353268; 20360068; 20410100; 20460622; 20497247; 20534741; 20554627; 20570404; 20599866; 20603455; 20614220; 20674675; 20697030; 20738160; 20739100; 20842452; 20847305; 20850846; 20855565; 20873220; 20930273; 21042904; 21043527; 21059989; 21135756; 21163940; 21224044; 21240462; 21242307; 21280673; 21300948; 21347408; 21379329; 21397462; 21422520; 21447104; 21460841; 21460853; 21467232; 21467285; 21505792; 21508640; 21525168; 21527247; 21543606; 21567405; 21573492; 21627779; 21630085; 21633299; 21732348; 21761117; 21824521; 21892414; 21899841; 21900379; 21912625; 21953030; 21953454; 21980627; 21987172; 21988832; 21998749; 22012253; 22013110; 22015308; 22016805; 22068036; 22082661; 22122982; 22130675; 22145905; 22159129; 22166956; 22179788; 22232000; 22234156; 22236192; 22248099; 22258514; 22266332; 22268729; 22274961; 22296908; 22391565; 22402018; 22465014; 22506010; 22532874; 22539578; 22545109; 22569264; 22613415; 22617144; 22647452; 22689054; 22701550; 22795969; 22832520; 22863883; 22889670; 22896337; 22902018; 22906254; 22952074; 22975582; 22981431; 22990118; 23010347; 23051594; 23099883; 23174100; 23201481; 23208459; 23209684; 23276503; 23279642; 23411014; 23416242; 23455922; 23457489; 23538443; 23573206; 23589125; 23602568; 23621580; 23650005; 23673647; 23702390; 23769013; 23770713; 23786771; 23956692; 24073260 clusterin Ensembl:ENSG00000120885 HGNC:2095 HPRD:01706 MIM:185430 Vega:OTTHUMG00000102114 Other designations: aging-associated protein 4|apolipoprotein J|complement cytolysis inhibitor|complement lysis inhibitor|complement-associated protein SP-40,40|ku70-binding protein 1|sulfated glycoprotein 2|testosterone-repressed prostate message 2 CLU Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CD191 CKR-1 CKR1 CMKBR1 HM145 MIP1aR SCYAR1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR1 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1 1230 3p21 9606 3 GO_0002407 (EC: TAS, PMID:16621978); GO_0004435 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0004950 (EC: IDA, PMID:10660125); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:15001559); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA, PMID:10660125); GO_0005886 (EC: IMP, PMID:15001559); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID:7505609); GO_0006816 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0006874 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0006887 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0006935 (EC: NAS, PMID:15474493); GO_0006954 (EC: IEA); GO_0006955 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0007155 (EC: TAS, PMID:10910894); GO_0007166 (EC: TAS, PMID:10770925); GO_0007187 (EC: TAS, PMID:7505609); GO_0007204 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0007267 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0008152 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0009611 (EC: TAS, PMID:7505609); GO_0009897 (EC: IDA, PMID:10706735); GO_0010629 (EC: IMP); GO_0016493 (EC: IDA, PMID:10734056); GO_0019221 (EC: NAS, PMID:15474493); GO_0019957 (EC: IPI, PMID:10660125); GO_0030502 (EC: IMP); GO_0035717 (EC: IPI, PMID:10660125); GO_0045672 (EC: IMP); GO_0051928 (EC: IDA, PMID:15764707); GO_0070098 (EC: IDA); GO_0070374 (EC: IMP); GO_0071791 (EC: IPI, PMID:10660125); GO_0090026 (EC: IDA, PMID:18587271) PMID:2834384; 7505609; 7545673; 7594543; 7679328; 7683036; 8011297; 8530354; 8626727; 8631787; 8699119; 9115216; 9143512; 9289016; 9346309; 9558365; 9886417; 10094132; 10202040; 10583963; 10660125; 10702689; 10706735; 10734056; 10770925; 10910894; 11085751; 11110672; 11116158; 11449371; 11470772; 11804551; 11832479; 11920567; 12070001; 12085329; 12270118; 12477932; 12651617; 12763925; 12794150; 14530297; 14595653; 14637022; 14674010; 15001559; 15039444; 15053339; 15103513; 15265234; 15337751; 15474493; 15489334; 15548526; 15764707; 15927850; 15950672; 16182378; 16226254; 16323127; 16621978; 16837468; 16969502; 17135764; 17192849; 17298994; 17336272; 17389578; 17464174; 17558413; 17914560; 18178867; 18240029; 18311140; 18559339; 18577758; 18587271; 18972130; 19017998; 19423540; 19553544; 19603542; 19664396; 19687291; 19693089; 19913121; 20015385; 20056178; 20086017; 20154287; 20190752; 20406964; 20429924; 20438785; 20628086; 20634891; 20802378; 20921899; 21148810; 21942940; 22007486; 22104149; 22650026; 22727097; 22829007; 22842622; 23054685; 23125416; 23217400; 23219091; 23233369; 23276697; 23291587; 24056371 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000163823 HGNC:1602 HPRD:03101 MIM:601159 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133451 Other designations: C-C CKR-1|C-C chemokine receptor type 1|CC-CKR-1|CCR-1|LD78 receptor|MIP-1alpha-R|RANTES receptor|RANTES-R|macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha receptor CCR1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CC-CKR-3 CD193 CKR3 CMKBR3 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR3 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 3 1232 3p21.3 9606 3 GO_0001938 (EC: IEA); GO_0004950 (EC: TAS, PMID:10415069); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID:9302298); GO_0006935 (EC: IEA); GO_0006954 (EC: IEA); GO_0006968 (EC: TAS, PMID:10713092); GO_0007155 (EC: TAS, PMID:10201960); GO_0007188 (EC: TAS, PMID:10201960); GO_0007204 (EC: TAS, PMID:9302298); GO_0016032 (EC: IEA); GO_0016493 (EC: IEA); GO_0045766 (EC: IMP, PMID:19525930); GO_0070098 (EC: TAS, PMID:10415069) PMID:7594543; 7622448; 8609214; 8631813; 8631926; 8642344; 8674119; 8676064; 8884276; 9005985; 9024664; 9143512; 9182688; 9252350; 9289016; 9302298; 9346309; 9359702; 9419219; 9573273; 9636210; 9653051; 9712872; 9736741; 9765440; 9789057; 10094132; 10201960; 10415069; 10488147; 10514402; 10527858; 10590105; 10642580; 10666479; 10713092; 10877489; 10900353; 10975800; 11001881; 11085751; 11110785; 11115360; 11120849; 11149986; 11196669; 11307756; 11396683; 11449371; 11832479; 11920572; 11991282; 11994538; 12023397; 12079287; 12149192; 12218106; 12393570; 12397598; 12477932; 12654630; 12794150; 12884299; 12902471; 14581140; 14647058; 14702039; 14733956; 15053339; 15086398; 15194768; 15219825; 15476879; 15489334; 15507393; 15580493; 15607028; 15807893; 15857508; 15992849; 16081847; 16174786; 16470129; 16631222; 16712896; 16904155; 16920975; 17041228; 17135764; 17146638; 17672867; 17703412; 17845580; 17983872; 18240029; 18244953; 18311140; 18379861; 18577758; 18636124; 18676680; 18805825; 18974840; 19017998; 19028820; 19131662; 19170196; 19218218; 19247692; 19258923; 19414538; 19423540; 19525930; 19526283; 19542083; 19553323; 19559392; 19625176; 19692168; 19693089; 19714638; 19731977; 20022477; 20056178; 20144207; 20190752; 20220260; 20237496; 20306659; 20364559; 20380698; 20406964; 20438785; 20503287; 20505746; 20603037; 20647273; 20659406; 20726325; 20734064; 20921899; 20923436; 21041734; 21077277; 21143381; 21280323; 21406396; 21660963; 21735070; 21917937; 22086059; 22217447; 22702503; 22829007; 22842622; 23017229; 23054685; 23183094; 23251661; 23291587; 23566847; 23636060; 23643185; 23702389; 23742077; 23955446 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 3 Ensembl:ENSG00000183625 HGNC:1604 HPRD:03167 MIM:601268 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133484 Other designations: C-C CKR-3|C-C chemokine receptor type 3|CC chemokine receptor 3|CCR-3|b-chemokine receptor|eosinophil CC chemokine receptor 3|eosinophil eotaxin receptor CCR3 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CC-CKR-4 CD194 CKR4 CMKBR4 ChemR13 HGCN:14099 K5-5 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR4 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 4 1233 3p24 9606 3 GO_0001764 (EC: IEA); GO_0002507 (EC: IEA); GO_0004950 (EC: TAS, PMID:7642634); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID:7642634); GO_0006935 (EC: IEA); GO_0006954 (EC: IEA); GO_0006955 (EC: IEA); GO_0007204 (EC: TAS, PMID:7642634); GO_0009314 (EC: IEA); GO_0009617 (EC: IEA); GO_0009897 (EC: IEA); GO_0016493 (EC: IEA); GO_0043025 (EC: IEA); GO_0046677 (EC: IEA); GO_0050927 (EC: IEA); GO_0070098 (EC: TAS, PMID:7642634) PMID:7642634; 8573157; 8884276; 9169480; 9430724; 9743322; 9933589; 10036181; 10466728; 10754297; 11196669; 11861261; 12070001; 12270118; 12406880; 12429730; 12456591; 12477932; 12485447; 12778466; 14657875; 15187160; 15202833; 15328188; 15489334; 15569983; 15621800; 15857508; 15955100; 17071491; 17117949; 17546636; 18071306; 18240029; 18577758; 18782672; 19106589; 19239991; 19244125; 19261691; 19374191; 19423540; 19903885; 19913121; 19942450; 20148806; 20164417; 20190752; 20237293; 20237496; 20334681; 20364559; 20406964; 20412707; 20438785; 20628086; 20963786; 21443538; 21525208; 21739422; 22490506; 22842622; 23180648; 23644599; 23731651; 24127572 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 4 HGNC:1605 HPRD:05324 MIM:604836 Other designations: C-C CKR-4|C-C chemokine receptor type 4|CCR-4|chemokine (C-C) receptor 4 CCR4 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CC-CKR-5 CCCKR5 CCR-5 CD195 CKR-5 CKR5 CMKBR5 IDDM22 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR5 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (gene/pseudogene) 1234 3p21.31 9606 3 GO_0000165 (EC: IEP, PMID:12032188); GO_0001974 (EC: IEA); GO_0002407 (EC: TAS, PMID:16621978); GO_0003779 (EC: IDA, PMID:12421915); GO_0004435 (EC: TAS, PMID:8663314); GO_0004950 (EC: TAS, PMID:10201901); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:12421915); GO_0005737 (EC: TAS, PMID:10415069); GO_0005768 (EC: IDA, PMID:10679098); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID:10393923); GO_0006816 (EC: IDA, PMID:8699119); GO_0006935 (EC: TAS, PMID:10741397); GO_0006954 (EC: IEA); GO_0006955 (EC: IEA); GO_0006968 (EC: TAS, PMID:10201901); GO_0007166 (EC: TAS, PMID:8639485); GO_0007186 (EC: IMP, PMID:19523456); GO_0007204 (EC: TAS, PMID:10201901); GO_0007267 (EC: IDA, PMID:10679098); GO_0009897 (EC: IDA, PMID:10679098); GO_0009986 (EC: IDA, PMID:10521508); GO_0014808 (EC: IDA, PMID:19523456); GO_0015026 (EC: TAS, PMID:10469138); GO_0016032 (EC: TAS); GO_0016493 (EC: IDA, PMID:11278962); GO_0016493 (EC: NAS, PMID:8639485); GO_0019722 (EC: IDA, PMID:10679098); GO_0019957 (EC: IPI, PMID:10679098); GO_0023052 (EC: IEP, PMID:12032188); GO_0030260 (EC: TAS); GO_0070098 (EC: IDA, PMID:11278962); GO_0070098 (EC: NAS, PMID:8639485); GO_0070098 (EC: TAS, PMID:10201901); GO_0070723 (EC: IMP, PMID:19523456); GO_0071222 (EC: IEP, PMID:10679098); GO_0071791 (EC: IPI, PMID:8699119); GO_0090026 (EC: IEA) PMID:2183196; 2564392; 2569467; 2834384; 3346208; 3512269; 3960725; 8639485; 8649511; 8649512; 8663314; 8674119; 8699119; 8751444; 8756719; 8805353; 8898753; 8906795; 8906796; 8976200; 8995603; 9020356; 9031325; 9143512; 9184207; 9188565; 9207783; 9256481; 9261346; 9261451; 9289016; 9334377; 9343222; 9353123; 9359654; 9359702; 9362541; 9388201; 9399903; 9420225; 9420238; 9445013; 9446638; 9468473; 9525683; 9576751; 9576954; 9632396; 9636210; 9653051; 9653130; 9765440; 9870313; 9882290; 9882373; 9890944; 9971818; 10029247; 10037796; 10085131; 10089882; 10200301; 10201901; 10229873; 10339592; 10357469; 10364178; 10370370; 10384144; 10393923; 10393974; 10413516; 10415069; 10438703; 10438870; 10446313; 10449282; 10453044; 10465086; 10469138; 10477567; 10477718; 10482561; 10482572; 10487781; 10497246; 10505675; 10521508; 10527688; 10544150; 10555208; 10559284; 10562492; 10574939; 10585143; 10590105; 10590121; 10602038; 10602409; 10606089; 10623731; 10640778; 10644351; 10679098; 10702689; 10725362; 10738970; 10741397; 10751368; 10758170; 10775626; 10801487; 10807185; 10816381; 10820198; 10823934; 10826481; 10872839; 10877489; 10882583; 10888615; 10888639; 10917742; 10938094; 10961858; 10970739; 10985308; 11005830; 11023492; 11023526; 11024154; 11069996; 11072599; 11085751; 11086073; 11115360; 11116158; 11118070; 11125885; 11125899; 11134270; 11141322; 11153675; 11162839; 11175286; 11177400; 11181160; 11188946; 11196681; 11196706; 11238869; 11263244; 11264152; 11264346; 11264367; 11265761; 11274729; 11278567; 11278738; 11278962; 11290759; 11312658; 11313374; 11334429; 11335892; 11336643; 11342415; 11350939; 11354628; 11356952; 11356961; 11356967; 11369664; 11377705; 11385319; 11390601; 11393656; 11397808; 11398114; 11403814; 11413305; 11414813; 11427892; 11429110; 11447384; 11448957; 11449371; 11464139; 11468147; 11470772; 11477473; 11484163; 11485305; 11485615; 11489906; 11500196; 11504955; 11511825; 11517394; 11529558; 11543895; 11559423; 11591716; 11595595; 11596075; 11602715; 11679153; 11679916; 11689632; 11693435; 11694103; 11696224; 11698270; 11698699; 11700073; 11703822; 11709091; 11709782; 11711617; 11727771; 11729511; 11733580; 11734558; 11751947; 11752157; 11756347; 11781692; 11803051; 11809184; 11856781; 11859127; 11860793; 11860823; 11861850; 11861874; 11873082; 11876757; 11877445; 11878912; 11901272; 11920312; 11920324; 11937056; 11958683; 11964548; 11966764; 11966770; 11988632; 11994442; 11994538; 12001056; 12010355; 12023175; 12032188; 12032878; 12036855; 12055576; 12056598; 12065593; 12070001; 12082592; 12085329; 12091904; 12093918; 12131184; 12136242; 12140749; 12163044; 12163614; 12166499; 12169668; 12176010; 12183462; 12200385; 12201365; 12202222; 12215252; 12239139; 12271718; 12355376; 12356205; 12368322; 12377943; 12378793; 12403355; 12403770; 12408990; 12412204; 12413885; 12421915; 12426392; 12426393; 12426633; 12427015; 12429730; 12437612; 12445801; 12447757; 12451219; 12461425; 12462338; 12477875; 12477932; 12490404; 12496074; 12509908; 12514416; 12522035; 12531905; 12532229; 12551992; 12552446; 12555203; 12556692; 12557141; 12571248; 12571520; 12579509; 12584049; 12586555; 12587636; 12599073; 12610055; 12610158; 12612298; 12612937; 12619446; 12634405; 12651900; 12667818; 12680626; 12688247; 12689409; 12692222; 12726730; 12745546; 12751031; 12767984; 12788308; 12798016; 12815099; 12819030; 12829440; 12837756; 12846056; 12853745; 12857973; 12858455; 12865070; 12871111; 12873764; 12873765; 12874407; 12882661; 12884524; 12887913; 12887918; 12913933; 12915585; 12925765; 12960231; 12960247; 12963807; 12964123; 14501804; 14505910; 14517611; 14533004; 14533983; 14576050; 14581567; 14583186; 14597737; 14616291; 14624371; 14636691; 14637022; 14644028; 14645006; 14647058; 14672331; 14673528; 14674010; 14694113; 14697747; 14715575; 14716309; 14742283; 14963124; 14981141; 14982745; 14990703; 15000812; 15001559; 15004773; 15009175; 15016843; 15039132; 15047829; 15076247; 15080861; 15086346; 15086398; 15113926; 15117454; 15124759; 15125257; 15135805; 15140377; 15169555; 15180829; 15181567; 15192272; 15192276; 15215889; 15230854; 15236615; 15242539; 15251452; 15258189; 15279544; 15280786; 15288441; 15301862; 15302103; 15307921; 15308751; 15319853; 15321703; 15331395; 15354329; 15362666; 15385740; 15458467; 15465089; 15479838; 15488313; 15489334; 15500552; 15548261; 15557916; 15566517; 15575507; 15577536; 15585333; 15586413; 15588345; 15591779; 15592455; 15596839; 15602133; 15610230; 15629079; 15639953; 15650194; 15651660; 15708547; 15725749; 15737629; 15754978; 15757671; 15767435; 15767436; 15769362; 15787642; 15793360; 15793370; 15802968; 15807900; 15821335; 15851912; 15854903; 15856455; 15857992; 15863470; 15882964; 15885315; 15890935; 15902300; 15916792; 15932625; 15950936; 15958832; 15962231; 15964018; 15964389; 15972662; 15976369; 15980670; 15980693; 15981170; 15983047; 15985194; 15992849; 16015368; 16034118; 16055130; 16100775; 16118671; 16140745; 16144840; 16157597; 16161154; 16174786; 16179731; 16182378; 16196460; 16206074; 16233918; 16248677; 16249462; 16249700; 16261210; 16270124; 16284527; 16286055; 16300985; 16305685; 16312181; 16314800; 16323127; 16335661; 16344560; 16358723; 16375941; 16378977; 16395252; 16405836; 16418398; 16442182; 16461193; 16476734; 16476981; 16478397; 16480760; 16481131; 16485782; 16501811; 16512757; 16513874; 16524739; 16529059; 16541097; 16545485; 16547971; 16598837; 16614115; 16621960; 16621978; 16631222; 16633049; 16641997; 16672419; 16672549; 16702010; 16703416; 16721228; 16721558; 16764352; 16774544; 16775617; 16807236; 16817962; 16841089; 16847113; 16855620; 16865553; 16872485; 16879946; 16887960; 16888899; 16909455; 16916647; 16937446; 16943294; 16960780; 16963439; 16966601; 16999868; 16999983; 17030448; 17053144; 17053352; 17060059; 17063508; 17067435; 17079285; 17091019; 17094383; 17101151; 17101166; 17112859; 17121788; 17135764; 17145599; 17147503; 17148969; 17166523; 17169533; 17202224; 17207111; 17210123; 17214851; 17237417; 17240189; 17255952; 17257590; 17261788; 17273779; 17301575; 17305874; 17306322; 17328229; 17329448; 17331026; 17331851; 17346133; 17351762; 17355643; 17361671; 17383752; 17411375; 17413295; 17417600; 17426779; 17428349; 17442950; 17445875; 17460174; 17462514; 17465678; 17507467; 17507486; 17511851; 17522201; 17530006; 17560067; 17564248; 17565662; 17582634; 17585540; 17596666; 17604289; 17607321; 17620369; 17625759; 17627030; 17633563; 17640964; 17644519; 17645788; 17653092; 17671738; 17672867; 17675516; 17686153; 17691823; 17703412; 17713445; 17722977; 17786209; 17845302; 17855336; 17855654; 17884183; 17901336; 17909797; 17920529; 17929678; 17952079; 17963165; 17971448; 17971457; 17977968; 17984846; 17989610; 18036244; 18060801; 18076768; 18094161; 18096812; 18097239; 18160142; 18162443; 18179388; 18179389; 18182569; 18189189; 18191728; 18194353; 18195571; 18197127; 18203956; 18205260; 18205925; 18218038; 18230715; 18240029; 18242797; 18255039; 18295459; 18296630; 18311470; 18346864; 18353949; 18353956; 18361062; 18379014; 18386165; 18391751; 18405329; 18436884; 18453587; 18462992; 18468560; 18480458; 18480460; 18490657; 18498240; 18500445; 18511806; 18524826; 18543610; 18577758; 18588983; 18590744; 18611987; 18619974; 18623133; 18629619; 18632580; 18633131; 18648518; 18673537; 18676680; 18689270; 18691022; 18692212; 18706447; 18753930; 18763111; 18776933; 18781860; 18786994; 18814951; 18815295; 18820725; 18845960; 18846999; 18855658; 18923649; 18925934; 18928397; 18941536; 18949389; 18952441; 18972295; 18974840; 18977142; 18989363; 18991615; 19005677; 19017985; 19017998; 19018669; 19028820; 19032065; 19037908; 19050382; 19064579; 19064722; 19098363; 19116725; 19124913; 19129082; 19129457; 19131662; 19143484; 19149577; 19155524; 19170196; 19170639; 19172482; 19196047; 19200444; 19201454; 19212663; 19218218; 19225544; 19247692; 19250219; 19258923; 19260142; 19263529; 19289833; 19297481; 19321618; 19334035; 19339951; 19339953; 19357773; 19389855; 19402700; 19420105; 19433914; 19460331; 19474452; 19476483; 19479237; 19479371; 19506371; 19520154; 19523456; 19535121; 19538721; 19553544; 19559392; 19561149; 19578796; 19585516; 19603542; 19625176; 19625411; 19644155; 19644158; 19669591; 19679608; 19680536; 19692168; 19692476; 19692480; 19700905; 19706316; 19722264; 19729379; 19740335; 19744036; 19744740; 19769961; 19811270; 19811439; 19816596; 19841162; 19864932; 19874552; 19886839; 19894308; 19913121; 19917679; 19950235; 19956635; 19958843; 20018238; 20025530; 20025985; 20038229; 20050936; 20053336; 20068218; 20075058; 20087947; 20107582; 20130232; 20153665; 20169157; 20174557; 20182805; 20190752; 20203694; 20206716; 20220260; 20237496; 20331378; 20334567; 20364409; 20377425; 20378664; 20381825; 20411675; 20420684; 20442634; 20442662; 20453841; 20463745; 20465832; 20503287; 20507591; 20518834; 20530467; 20531015; 20536507; 20570309; 20594957; 20598754; 20603037; 20608170; 20628086; 20628649; 20682662; 20710056; 20729133; 20801883; 20811274; 20842205; 20855251; 20856130; 20861743; 20865789; 20875295; 20921899; 20923564; 20932773; 20969781; 21041313; 21068438; 21084992; 21091093; 21118814; 21132346; 21134114; 21148810; 21152581; 21155586; 21156032; 21188555; 21248683; 21258050; 21280323; 21284403; 21288812; 21288824; 21288827; 21295814; 21325401; 21330910; 21345957; 21349294; 21354457; 21356539; 21362450; 21381021; 21388649; 21396623; 21429204; 21454526; 21465943; 21473821; 21513481; 21525208; 21555814; 21569409; 21573951; 21592988; 21602126; 21634220; 21637819; 21647388; 21655330; 21663455; 21667221; 21671175; 21676905; 21680525; 21696586; 21703201; 21709449; 21715437; 21723943; 21731496; 21739422; 21741662; 21744265; 21760891; 21763489; 21775441; 21789236; 21814863; 21819370; 21820915; 21835796; 21846359; 21859712; 21860345; 21878623; 21886032; 21890375; 21926353; 21926633; 21944757; 21984373; 21984929; 21988832; 22011385; 22024519; 22026334; 22028271; 22044225; 22047989; 22050776; 22069466; 22079021; 22083068; 22085486; 22102307; 22103833; 22103834; 22157596; 22175768; 22218121; 22264071; 22265023; 22282138; 22285384; 22286874; 22292949; 22297516; 22313935; 22314435; 22325341; 22342838; 22348061; 22374185; 22380870; 22392992; 22403408; 22404213; 22416573; 22424737; 22479344; 22496149; 22496885; 22506069; 22537745; 22547820; 22554649; 22554651; 22583417; 22612293; 22637726; 22638733; 22657741; 22665517; 22701041; 22727097; 22728273; 22732432; 22787219; 22808111; 22811524; 22815758; 22818666; 22830600; 22852142; 22862553; 22875513; 22893032; 22908191; 22918850; 22924548; 22933279; 22954962; 22957026; 22957692; 22966075; 22988032; 22994752; 23041556; 23057571; 23077246; 23115275; 23152559; 23185351; 23217182; 23217400; 23235831; 23250822; 23289212; 23298254; 23312573; 23355876; 23454776; 23480650; 23490419; 23493400; 23515570; 23588722; 23594959; 23632061; 23632983; 23643185; 23691059; 23696662; 23753295; 23773920; 23852305; 23856897; 23880174; 23888779; 23903010; 23936229; 23954573; 24030490; 24078580; 24090135; 24128342; 24129241; 24405814 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (gene/pseudogene) Ensembl:ENSG00000160791 HGNC:1606 HPRD:03223 MIM:601373 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133481 Other designations: C-C chemokine receptor type 5|C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 A159A|HIV-1 fusion coreceptor|chemokine receptor CCR5|chemr13 CCR5 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BN-1 C-C CKR-6 CC-CKR-6 CCR-6 CD196 CKR-L3 CKRL3 CMKBR6 DCR2 DRY6 GPR29 GPRCY4 STRL22 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR6 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 1235 6q27 9606 6 GO_0002407 (EC: TAS, PMID:16621978); GO_0004872 (EC: TAS, PMID:9186513); GO_0004950 (EC: TAS, PMID:11001880); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID:9186513); GO_0006928 (EC: TAS, PMID:9186513); GO_0006935 (EC: TAS, PMID:11001880); GO_0006955 (EC: TAS, PMID:9223454); GO_0006959 (EC: TAS, PMID:11001880); GO_0006968 (EC: TAS, PMID:10521347); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS, PMID:9186513); GO_0007204 (EC: TAS, PMID:9223454); GO_0016493 (EC: IEA); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0070098 (EC: TAS, PMID:11001880) PMID:2834384; 8125298; 8886020; 9070937; 9169459; 9186513; 9223454; 9294137; 9294138; 10521347; 11001880; 11164896; 11714836; 11751947; 11994436; 12067311; 12070001; 12081481; 12149255; 12193700; 12477932; 12514792; 12642342; 14574404; 15483227; 15489334; 15591779; 15701269; 15972662; 16095490; 16215992; 16344560; 16621978; 16622267; 16641550; 17075975; 17133360; 17171755; 17562763; 17615381; 18097022; 18218038; 18240029; 18465142; 18577758; 18587394; 18703490; 19233848; 19249008; 19305396; 19324905; 19423540; 19492413; 19539215; 19760754; 19811428; 20022113; 20023216; 20056178; 20068036; 20194631; 20220766; 20334681; 20379614; 20406964; 20438785; 20439195; 20453841; 20453842; 20459729; 20483750; 20511548; 20526339; 20526340; 20570966; 20634891; 20720211; 20872189; 21072187; 21092675; 21102463; 21228329; 21261017; 21300824; 21398606; 21624121; 21724701; 21763254; 21873313; 21912453; 21935436; 21937703; 21949768; 21984702; 22079021; 22092173; 22269120; 22490506; 22732549; 22796894; 22842622; 22859539; 22926920; 23128233; 23306142; 23599932; 23681234; 23758411; 23765988; 23790181; 23850713; 23935994; 23983073 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 Ensembl:ENSG00000112486 HGNC:1607 HPRD:03498 MIM:601835 Vega:OTTHUMG00000016015 Other designations: C-C chemokine receptor type 6|G protein-coupled receptor 29|G-protein coupled receptor 29|LARC receptor|chemokine (C-C) receptor 6|chemokine receptor-like 3|seven-transmembrane receptor, lymphocyte, 22 CCR6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BLR2 CD197 CDw197 CMKBR7 EBI1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR7 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 1236 17q12-q21.2 9606 17 GO_0001768 (EC: IC, PMID:12729902); GO_0001954 (EC: IC, PMID:15569314); GO_0002407 (EC: IC, PMID:15778365); GO_0002408 (EC: IC, PMID:14592837); GO_0002606 (EC: ISS); GO_0002885 (EC: ISS); GO_0002922 (EC: ISS); GO_0004930 (EC: TAS, PMID:16621978); GO_0005622 (EC: IDA); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0006954 (EC: NAS, PMID:14592837); GO_0006955 (EC: IEA); GO_0007186 (EC: TAS, PMID:16621978); GO_0007204 (EC: TAS, PMID:9153236); GO_0009897 (EC: IEA); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0016493 (EC: ISS); GO_0030838 (EC: IC, PMID:11242036); GO_0031274 (EC: IC, PMID:11242036); GO_0031529 (EC: IC, PMID:15569314); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0032649 (EC: ISS); GO_0032735 (EC: ISS); GO_0032862 (EC: IC, PMID:15778365); GO_0034695 (EC: IC, PMID:14592837); GO_0035757 (EC: IPI, PMID:9507024); GO_0035758 (EC: IPI, PMID:9507024); GO_0038115 (EC: IDA, PMID:9507024); GO_0038116 (EC: IDA, PMID:9507024); GO_0038117 (EC: IDA, PMID:9507024); GO_0038121 (EC: IDA, PMID:9507024); GO_0043123 (EC: IC, PMID:15059845); GO_0043552 (EC: IC, PMID:15059845); GO_0045060 (EC: IEA); GO_0045785 (EC: IC, PMID:15569314); GO_0045860 (EC: IC, PMID:14592837); GO_0046330 (EC: IC, PMID:15778365); GO_0050706 (EC: ISS); GO_0050862 (EC: IEA); GO_0051209 (EC: IC, PMID:14592837); GO_0051491 (EC: IC, PMID:15569314); GO_0051897 (EC: IC, PMID:15059845); GO_0070098 (EC: ISS); GO_0070374 (EC: IC, PMID:12729902); GO_0071731 (EC: IC, PMID:16249377); GO_0072610 (EC: ISS); GO_0090023 (EC: IDA); GO_0097022 (EC: TAS, PMID:18379575); GO_0097029 (EC: ISS); GO_2000107 (EC: IC, PMID:15059845); GO_2000147 (EC: IC, PMID:15778365); GO_2000510 (EC: ISS); GO_2000522 (EC: ISS); GO_2000525 (EC: ISS); GO_2000526 (EC: ISS); GO_2000547 (EC: ISS) PMID:2834384; 7488016; 7851893; 8383238; 8889548; 9153236; 9507024; 9585422; 9725259; 9743376; 10607681; 10706668; 10741397; 10861057; 11145663; 11242036; 11359797; 11507220; 11830455; 11861876; 11929789; 11970971; 12023337; 12070001; 12149218; 12477932; 12486098; 12642342; 12673677; 12729902; 12799021; 12851649; 14592837; 14990723; 15034011; 15040017; 15059845; 15073111; 15122702; 15247147; 15265234; 15284247; 15304089; 15489334; 15569314; 15674360; 15743472; 15753377; 15778365; 15867478; 15950936; 15972662; 16115904; 16223574; 16225771; 16249377; 16272303; 16278001; 16278374; 16278415; 16344560; 16494043; 16500130; 16621978; 16690519; 16786131; 16802356; 16857986; 16887149; 17006331; 17032700; 17178876; 17192395; 17431094; 17440035; 17587445; 17687340; 17890452; 18065728; 18166500; 18235009; 18240029; 18310327; 18319253; 18379575; 18437055; 18497951; 18544997; 18577758; 18623114; 18664492; 18696160; 18802075; 19068542; 19074885; 19087620; 19136936; 19196101; 19287948; 19423540; 19513547; 19536265; 19536742; 19540558; 19585516; 19615795; 19731977; 19749090; 19862774; 20029460; 20036791; 20056178; 20150960; 20237496; 20406964; 20438785; 20439195; 20651394; 20811680; 20855251; 20889506; 20889923; 21048031; 21071608; 21081040; 21092675; 21165563; 21165582; 21261017; 21347514; 21464944; 21548969; 21624121; 21680174; 21698152; 21731495; 21735098; 21739164; 21739671; 21953548; 22020953; 22043010; 22158872; 22163030; 22221265; 22251626; 22334704; 22350183; 22438908; 22498742; 22533989; 22619482; 22634622; 22659045; 22718198; 22797918; 22821963; 22842622; 22923218; 22990666; 23028633; 23290307; 23363813; 23449735; 23469143; 23498789; 23519840; 23747721; 23888080; 23922113; 24052640; 24136650; 24138884; 24311382 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 Ensembl:ENSG00000126353 HGNC:1608 HPRD:02588 MIM:600242 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133375 Other designations: C-C CKR-7|C-C chemokine receptor type 7|CC chemokine receptor 7|CC-CKR-7|CCR-7|EBV-induced G protein-coupled receptor 1|EBV-induced G-protein coupled receptor 1|Epstein-Barr virus induced G-protein coupled receptor|Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 1|MIP-3 beta receptor|chemokine (C-C) receptor 7|epstein-Barr virus-induced G-protein coupled receptor 1|lymphocyte-specific G protein-coupled peptide receptor CCR7 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CC-CKR-8 CCR-8 CDw198 CKRL1 CMKBR8 CMKBRL2 CY6 GPRCY6 TER1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CCR8 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 1237 3p22 9606 3 GO_0004950 (EC: TAS, PMID:9417093); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005887 (EC: TAS, PMID:8816377); GO_0006935 (EC: IEA); GO_0006955 (EC: IEA); GO_0007155 (EC: TAS, PMID:10910894); GO_0007186 (EC: TAS, PMID:8816377); GO_0007204 (EC: IEA); GO_0015026 (EC: TAS, PMID:9417093); GO_0016493 (EC: IEA); GO_0070098 (EC: TAS, PMID:9417093) PMID:8816377; 8886020; 8977299; 9207005; 9211859; 9417093; 9469461; 9480837; 9521068; 9670926; 10469138; 10540332; 10888633; 10910894; 11007922; 11804551; 12163566; 12477932; 12525579; 12547701; 12551893; 12645948; 12832759; 12967681; 14576057; 15053339; 15489334; 15814739; 15992849; 16631222; 17023422; 17082609; 17558413; 17641040; 17693327; 18240029; 18577758; 19074885; 19423540; 20237496; 20406964; 20438785; 20455898; 21976223; 22479563; 22842622; 23043070; 23363815; 23999500 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 Ensembl:ENSG00000179934 HGNC:1609 HPRD:03497 MIM:601834 Vega:OTTHUMG00000131290 Other designations: C-C chemokine receptor type 8|CC chemokine receptor 8|CC chemokine receptor CHEMR1|CC-chemokine receptor chemr1|chemokine (C-C) receptor 8|chemokine (C-C) receptor-like 2|chemokine receptor-like 1 CCR8 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ICH POREN2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene COL4A2 collagen, type IV, alpha 2 1284 RP11-90L1.2 13q34 9606 13 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001525 (EC: IEA); GO_0005201 (EC: TAS, PMID: 8317999); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12011424); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005587 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2846280); GO_0005788 (EC: TAS); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0007411 (EC: TAS); GO_0016525 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10625665); GO_0022617 (EC: TAS); GO_0030198 (EC: NAS, PMID: 8317999); GO_0030198 (EC: TAS); GO_0030574 (EC: TAS); GO_0031012 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: colocalizes_with); GO_0031012 (EC: ISS, Qualifier: colocalizes_with); GO_0031012 (EC: TAS, Qualifier: colocalizes_with); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA); GO_0071560 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1377218; 1724753; 2211625; 2426947; 2439508; 2844531; 2846280; 3025878; 3089234; 3182844; 3198637; 3345760; 3582677; 3692475; 3997552; 6389236; 6811420; 6988303; 7495302; 7500359; 7827955; 8006028; 8317999; 8995276; 9136074; 9334230; 9409248; 9506531; 9673377; 9878537; 10382266; 10416788; 10625665; 10926178; 11259413; 11683410; 11711546; 11867580; 12011424; 12021518; 12180907; 12477932; 12878203; 15057823; 15146197; 15231748; 15489334; 15522229; 15743801; 16368877; 16712791; 17216253; 17339318; 17554254; 17557121; 18050191; 18706356; 19481338; 19913121; 20067797; 20080650; 20201926; 20452482; 20628086; 20673868; 20805453; 20889312; 21378990; 21527998; 21900206; 21942715; 22144573; 22209246; 22209247; 22268729; 22333902; 23818951 collagen, type IV, alpha 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000134871 HGNC:2203 HPRD:00355 MIM:120090 Vega:OTTHUMG00000017344 Other designations: canstatin|collagen alpha-2(IV) chain COL4A2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He BCD1 CBA1 COPEB CPBP GBF PAC1 ST12 ZF9 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene KLF6 Kruppel-like factor 6 1316 RP11-184A2.1 10p15 9606 10 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003677 (EC: IEA); GO_0005634 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9689109); GO_0005737 (EC: IEA); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0019221 (EC: IEA); GO_0030183 (EC: NAS, PMID: 9000136); GO_0045893 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9083102); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA) PMID: 8889548; 9000136; 9083102; 9503030; 9685731; 9689109; 10802067; 11752579; 12433697; 12477932; 12508640; 12590140; 12651597; 12651626; 12740910; 12794452; 15057748; 15064720; 15067324; 15131018; 15164054; 15172998; 15247715; 15342556; 15378003; 15486921; 15489334; 15735005; 15824733; 15917248; 15937668; 16044160; 16054710; 16169070; 16189514; 16385451; 16431954; 16500425; 16598737; 16702959; 16778100; 16856969; 16872311; 16972326; 16988269; 17071613; 17113081; 17125911; 17143513; 17207965; 17223258; 17347589; 17347668; 17514651; 17621627; 17636026; 17663506; 17893646; 18053161; 18174288; 18190240; 18250346; 18471523; 18515091; 18521079; 18596922; 18691883; 18719336; 18753303; 18755691; 18822210; 19020536; 19097929; 19101139; 19328586; 19333010; 19435908; 19808645; 19967571; 20014424; 20116377; 20126619; 20237496; 20453000; 20545576; 20660366; 20714872; 20801538; 20844588; 21056892; 21109018; 21154818; 21282102; 21309496; 21443094; 21470678; 21538018; 21799854; 21832049; 21849067; 21906983; 21928351; 21940380; 22095588; 22169644; 22277651; 22486562; 22535637; 22581522; 22653055; 22711891; 22782870; 22855058; 23048070; 23085750; 23219426; 23322324; 23345610; 23353867; 23508266; 23512538; 23831683; 23870195; 24130502 Kruppel-like factor 6 Ensembl:ENSG00000067082 HGNC:2235 HPRD:03632 MIM:602053 Vega:OTTHUMG00000017567 Other designations: B-cell-derived protein 1|GC-rich binding factor|GC-rich sites-binding factor GBF|Krueppel-like factor 6|Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Zf9|core promoter element binding protein|core promoter element-binding protein|proto-oncogene BCD1|protooncogene B-cell derived 1|suppression of tumorigenicity 12 (prostate)|suppressor of tumorigenicity 12 protein|transcription factor Zf9 KLF6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He COX6B COXG COXVIb1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene COX6B1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIb polypeptide 1 (ubiquitous) 1340 19q13.1 9606 19 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004129 (EC: NAS, PMID: 2172092); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS); GO_0005758 (EC: IEA); GO_0021762 (EC: IEP); GO_0022904 (EC: TAS); GO_0044237 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_1902600 (EC: NAS, PMID: 2172092) PMID: 1647217; 1650756; 1651883; 2172092; 2537962; 7821789; 11943455; 12477932; 15057824; 15489334; 17353931; 17500595; 17516841; 18029348; 18499082; 19843159; 20877624; 21139048; 21890473; 21906983; 21963094; 22190034; 22419111; 22505724; 22939629; 23000965 cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIb polypeptide 1 (ubiquitous) Ensembl:ENSG00000126267 HGNC:2280 HPRD:00493 MIM:124089 Vega:OTTHUMG00000048112 Other designations: COX VIb-1|cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 COX6B1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPT1-L CPTI L-CPT1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CPT1A carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (liver) 1374 11q13.2 9606 22 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004095 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0006635 (EC: IEA); GO_0006853 (EC: TAS); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 7892212; 9070836; 9070950; 9691089; 10408760; 11001805; 11095714; 11257506; 11350182; 11441142; 12111367; 12189492; 12464674; 12477932; 14517221; 14711372; 15489334; 15647998; 15669684; 15846373; 16054041; 16246309; 16271724; 16344560; 16697732; 16806233; 17089095; 17445541; 17452323; 18029348; 18253084; 18385088; 18996102; 19181627; 19217814; 19460752; 19913121; 20124555; 20301700; 20562859; 20602615; 20628086; 20638986; 20691246; 20696606; 20843525; 20877624; 20937660; 21139048; 21252943 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000110090 HGNC:2328 HPRD:02755 MIM:600528 Vega:OTTHUMG00000167892 CPT1A Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPT1 CPTASE IIAE4 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CPT2 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 1376 1p32 9606 1 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004095 (EC: NAS, PMID: 1988962); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA); GO_0005743 (EC: NAS, PMID: 1988962); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS); GO_0006635 (EC: IEA); GO_0006853 (EC: TAS); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID: 1528846; 1961767; 1988962; 2174799; 7711730; 7892212; 7896283; 8086471; 8125298; 8358442; 8499929; 8651281; 9600456; 9758712; 10090476; 10607472; 11001805; 11095714; 11257506; 11477613; 11855939; 11994355; 12408750; 12410208; 12477932; 12707442; 12971426; 14605500; 14615409; 15489334; 15622536; 15642848; 15647998; 15754283; 16054041; 16168441; 16670153; 16671104; 16710414; 16996287; 17179390; 17651973; 17709715; 17936304; 18024217; 18029348; 18306170; 18363739; 18550408; 18645163; 18996102; 19362304; 19762733; 19913121; 20186120; 20301431; 20370797; 20538056; 20602615; 20628086; 20810031; 20877624; 20934285; 20952238; 21277129; 21641254; 21697855; 21913903; 22493507; 23322164; 23475205; 23566841 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000157184 HGNC:2330 HPRD:02802 MIM:600650 Vega:OTTHUMG00000008942 Other designations: CPT II|carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial|carnitine palmitoyltransferase II CPT2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CRE-BP1 CREB-2 CREB2 HB16 TREB7 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ATF2 activating transcription factor 2 1386 2q32 9606 2 GO_0000980 (EC: IDA, PMID:19861239); GO_0001076 (EC: IC, PMID:19861239); GO_0001077 (EC: IEA); GO_0001102 (EC: IPI, PMID:19861239); GO_0002224 (EC: TAS); GO_0002755 (EC: TAS); GO_0002756 (EC: TAS); GO_0003151 (EC: IEA); GO_0003682 (EC: IEA); GO_0003700 (EC: IDA, PMID:8798441); GO_0003705 (EC: IC, PMID:19861239); GO_0003713 (EC: TAS, PMID:2529117); GO_0004402 (EC: IDA, PMID:10821277); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:10327051); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005654 (EC: TAS); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: NOT); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005741 (EC: IDA); GO_0006325 (EC: TAS); GO_0006355 (EC: IMP); GO_0006357 (EC: IC, PMID:19861239); GO_0006366 (EC: IC, PMID:19861239); GO_0006970 (EC: IDA); GO_0006974 (EC: IDA); GO_0006974 (EC: IMP, PMID:15916964); GO_0008140 (EC: IDA, PMID:19861239); GO_0016573 (EC: IDA, PMID:10821277); GO_0019901 (EC: IPI); GO_0031573 (EC: IMP, PMID:15916964); GO_0032915 (EC: IEA); GO_0034134 (EC: TAS); GO_0034138 (EC: TAS); GO_0034142 (EC: TAS); GO_0034146 (EC: TAS); GO_0034162 (EC: TAS); GO_0034166 (EC: TAS); GO_0035497 (EC: IDA, PMID:19861239); GO_0035666 (EC: TAS); GO_0035861 (EC: IDA, PMID:15916964); GO_0038123 (EC: TAS); GO_0038124 (EC: TAS); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0045444 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0046982 (EC: IEA); GO_0051090 (EC: TAS); GO_0051091 (EC: IMP, PMID:10821277); GO_0051403 (EC: TAS); GO_0060612 (EC: IEA); GO_1902110 (EC: IMP) PMID:602896; 1641004; 1827203; 1828107; 1833307; 1838349; 2320002; 2521922; 2529117; 7535770; 7737129; 7737130; 7769693; 7774816; 8027667; 8440710; 8628277; 8654373; 8798441; 9030721; 9058782; 9110174; 9139739; 9155018; 9162092; 9207092; 9207191; 9235954; 9399639; 9405416; 9445037; 9488727; 9524124; 9628874; 9659924; 9671405; 9685505; 9748258; 9786917; 9873047; 9920921; 10066798; 10085140; 10207054; 10327051; 10357819; 10393177; 10567391; 10708586; 10821277; 10878576; 10909971; 11231009; 11259586; 11279118; 11302752; 11564156; 11566021; 11713276; 11836564; 11839738; 11932306; 12110590; 12200150; 12244047; 12270648; 12477932; 12592382; 12663670; 12697749; 12761180; 12788955; 12804775; 12805554; 12833146; 12874243; 12958075; 14499342; 14630918; 14678960; 14734562; 14988408; 15105425; 15276183; 15302935; 15304344; 15546613; 15691875; 15692053; 15878807; 15916964; 16049073; 16179804; 16303757; 16344560; 16418168; 16456540; 16511568; 16533805; 16869889; 16896160; 17036053; 17054722; 17081983; 17082618; 17244683; 17254968; 17258390; 17296604; 17337306; 17626013; 17681939; 17869487; 17875713; 18029348; 18077426; 18307971; 18348191; 18396163; 18397884; 18547788; 18671972; 18677098; 18700251; 19082758; 19135240; 19176525; 19184334; 19278424; 19331149; 19453261; 19487697; 19712049; 19822663; 19861239; 19913121; 19923798; 19944700; 20051382; 20068037; 20116378; 20195357; 20211142; 20213747; 20379614; 20398657; 20498639; 20507983; 20581861; 20619956; 20628086; 20675274; 20956942; 21098032; 21203491; 21278380; 21384452; 21444723; 21565167; 21832049; 21858082; 21890473; 21901137; 21988832; 21990224; 22275354; 22304920; 22351776; 22439931; 22685333; 22843696; 23000965; 23589174; 23591579; 23656735; 23661758; 23966864; 24289970 activating transcription factor 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000115966 HGNC:784 HPRD:00443 MIM:123811 Vega:OTTHUMG00000132424 Other designations: activating transcription factor 2 splice variant ATF2-var2|cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1|cAMP responsive element binding protein 2, formerly|cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2|cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2|cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2|cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 2|histone acetyltransferase ATF2 ATF2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CREB-RP CREBL1 G13 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene ATF6B activating transcription factor 6 beta 1388 DADB-220I18.4 6p21.3 9606 6 GO_0003700 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID:12445808); GO_0005622 (EC: IDA, PMID:8870652); GO_0005634 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: IEA); GO_0006351 (EC: IEA); GO_0006986 (EC: IEA); GO_0007165 (EC: TAS, PMID:8586413); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0043565 (EC: IEA) PMID:7686164; 8586413; 8870652; 8923003; 10644760; 11158310; 11163209; 11256944; 12445808; 12477932; 12782636; 14574404; 14656967; 14702039; 14973138; 18029348; 19693772; 19851445; 19913121; 20628086; 21139048; 21693764; 22094256; 23535732; 23577725; 23661758; 23886662; 24250222 activating transcription factor 6 beta Ensembl:ENSG00000213676 HGNC:2349 HPRD:02992 MIM:600984 Vega:OTTHUMG00000031296 Other designations: Creb-related protein|cAMP response element-binding protein-related protein|cAMP responsive element binding protein-like 1|cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta|cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-like 1|cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta|protein G13 ATF6B Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He PTX1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CRP C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related 1401 RP11-419N10.4 1q23.2 9606 1 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0001666 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 17785206); GO_0005576 (EC: NAS, PMID: 14718574); GO_0005615 (EC: IEA); GO_0006953 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2477488); GO_0006954 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10408362); GO_0006958 (EC: IEA); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0008228 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2477488); GO_0010288 (EC: IEA); GO_0010745 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18322245); GO_0010888 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18322245); GO_0015485 (EC: IEA); GO_0030169 (EC: IDA, PMID: 18322245); GO_0030175 (EC: IEA); GO_0030426 (EC: IEA); GO_0033265 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2477488); GO_0042060 (EC: IEA); GO_0042803 (EC: IEA); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0050830 (EC: TAS, PMID: 2477488); GO_0051258 (EC: IEA); GO_0071277 (EC: IEA); GO_1900006 (EC: IEA) PMID: 265538; 403526; 762075; 1477104; 1989977; 2477447; 2477488; 2997165; 3759147; 3840479; 6427230; 6685157; 6693419; 6857266; 7881902; 8144569; 8482924; 8599761; 8613143; 10368284; 10408362; 10490997; 10675363; 11027634; 11739301; 11801683; 11857055; 11947917; 11964845; 11991668; 12033985; 12037301; 12055255; 12102655; 12104096; 12151853; 12186793; 12198121; 12213988; 12218140; 12234944; 12244213; 12351483; 12390313; 12393563; 12426217; 12426218; 12460042; 12471137; 12477932; 12529491; 12552583; 12563060; 12594844; 12616974; 12618085; 12637157; 12654086; 12663465; 12701054; 12716818; 12783932; 12819031; 12821545; 12835213; 12835218; 12842840; 12850811; 12869354; 12892901; 12934049; 12975260; 14500938; 14506615; 14508181; 14592848; 14634117; 14718574; 14744975; 14967730; 14967837; 14983228; 15044210; 15047644; 15078802; 15136507; 15271790; 15277326; 15286457; 15304023; 15306744; 15308783; 15337754; 15358216; 15380464; 15448085; 15456743; 15469865; 15472120; 15489334; 15517131; 15565375; 15579759; 15585208; 15585211; 15585215; 15585218; 15591095; 15653107; 15692104; 15735209; 15746456; 15766555; 15772777; 15777561; 15778807; 15795363; 15797975; 15798948; 15798966; 15808312; 15853546; 15859024; 15860734; 15866055; 15867284; 15878871; 15887860; 15894122; 15894827; 15897982; 15919817; 15920036; 15920065; 15920074; 15950309; 15955385; 15955391; 15993896; 15996056; 15997206; 16005364; 16005367; 16026589; 16051899; 16061741; 16087790; 16087807; 16109328; 16123325; 16131811; 16148535; 16151032; 16153429; 16170833; 16189249; 16213874; 16221209; 16257408; 16266402; 16306468; 16344720; 16352308; 16380821; 16405882; 16409458; 16417933; 16500582; 16501036; 16511556; 16534007; 16549465; 16550411; 16565153; 16580524; 16582918; 16603696; 16618976; 16643876; 16681424; 16682383; 16685271; 16698114; 16710414; 16719793; 16723442; 16731635; 16733231; 16751408; 16764962; 16765355; 16778366; 16803998; 16809555; 16809564; 16832147; 16832152; 16840032; 16847147; 16854501; 16858645; 16864904; 16879213; 16881737; 16908949; 16916777; 16963054; 16984505; 17003778; 17011566; 17044846; 17079491; 17082472; 17101857; 17110595; 17113035; 17113059; 17114654; 17126343; 17138933; 17141244; 17143564; 17148079; 17149558; 17157301; 17164456; 17185152; 17202380; 17211240; 17219082; 17220790; 17234298; 17261875; 17264952; 17279354; 17289011; 17292342; 17293598; 17325687; 17327459; 17335789; 17335903; 17343862; 17347578; 17350021; 17351284; 17355554; 17355643; 17369452; 17372148; 17380191; 17382928; 17383146; 17395501; 17400881; 17433639; 17449131; 17449922; 17452737; 17456635; 17459567; 17460724; 17477779; 17477815; 17498578; 17499233; 17511977; 17513778; 17519779; 17530289; 17531242; 17561469; 17573060; 17575367; 17581635; 17584642; 17588586; 17596285; 17597836; 17598370; 17600233; 17613401; 17615382; 17623721; 17623828; 17635239; 17641153; 17650829; 17652082; 17652155; 17653654; 17673235; 17676666; 17693973; 17697822; 17700210; 17702862; 17702963; 17706955; 17714716; 17714718; 17722225; 17763921; 17765290; 17785206; 17785926; 17806085; 17827818; 17845537; 17851127; 17851695; 17852082; 17852826; 17873311; 17878721; 17878753; 17880812; 17885262; 17888441; 17891599; 17900590; 17903293; 17909163; 17917609; 17920229; 17925606; 17934713; 17942113; 17943468; 17952446; 17956875; 17957146; 17981284; 17991470; 18000615; 18005189; 18023360; 18036188; 18054331; 18055473; 18055714; 18056120; 18060926; 18063701; 18071779; 18075240; 18078625; 18083122; 18096828; 18165866; 18167554; 18171282; 18172744; 18178503; 18182444; 18200582; 18206145; 18214695; 18216376; 18217154; 18218989; 18219371; 18219765; 18226363; 18226879; 18235049; 18241613; 18245530; 18250134; 18262272; 18263601; 18266777; 18279706; 18280482; 18285551; 18285696; 18288276; 18289549; 18296838; 18297417; 18305316; 18312679; 18316365; 18322245; 18327405; 18328265; 18332893; 18333373; 18344622; 18347271; 18347963; 18356846; 18359028; 18362454; 18365276; 18369665; 18372435; 18373721; 18378435; 18379563; 18383516; 18385179; 18385676; 18385743; 18385816; 18386294; 18388036; 18388037; 18389332; 18393253; 18394761; 18401567; 18403728; 18404970; 18412163; 18413218; 18414778; 18415802; 18418236; 18421029; 18422436; 18425592; 18428198; 18433460; 18436879; 18436884; 18439548; 18439552; 18443549; 18450770; 18458051; 18464913; 18476570; 18486609; 18489822; 18491455; 18493116; 18499652; 18500540; 18505467; 18508060; 18513241; 18513823; 18523031; 18541797; 18551710; 18556380; 18562472; 18566104; 18573122; 18573197; 18573495; 18577830; 18591402; 18605934; 18607165; 18609082; 18609102; 18616717; 18621860; 18622582; 18624398; 18632424; 18636307; 18650775; 18654020; 18654021; 18667998; 18675273; 18676680; 18685607; 18688084; 18695743; 18700811; 18702945; 18704199; 18704713; 18708524; 18710885; 18714381; 18714384; 18753723; 18753952; 18755462; 18757054; 18759279; 18764931; 18784972; 18785307; 18786923; 18790479; 18791482; 18793001; 18801352; 18805107; 18805592; 18810599; 18810717; 18818748; 18823889; 18829218; 18835219; 18836266; 18840622; 18841009; 18842294; 18842390; 18845301; 18852001; 18853099; 18853133; 18924263; 18937150; 18948966; 18952164; 18953261; 18957790; 18971492; 18974842; 18983663; 18996288; 18997194; 19004040; 19008293; 19010993; 19011614; 19019335; 19023151; 19025443; 19026696; 19029268; 19034331; 19040303; 19055599; 19060910; 19067532; 19072030; 19073362; 19074515; 19074985; 19075099; 19076828; 19077177; 19077918; 19078972; 19081678; 19084272; 19095725; 19096002; 19100387; 19101671; 19111610; 19117239; 19118119; 19122170; 19125286; 19128923; 19130414; 19136614; 19136826; 19138871; 19139603; 19139754; 19147740; 19155486; 19160050; 19168253; 19170196; 19170684; 19172699; 19178964; 19179966; 19188531; 19191811; 19193941; 19201044; 19201207; 19202332; 19203753; 19225207; 19228486; 19238141; 19240794; 19244088; 19248087; 19251259; 19252093; 19255512; 19262552; 19267250; 19267370; 19268605; 19268941; 19270348; 19272152; 19276622; 19281089; 19282426; 19282606; 19282863; 19297430; 19297456; 19322079; 19323703; 19328934; 19337791; 19343415; 19351632; 19358836; 19359657; 19360108; 19362308; 19369869; 19375128; 19377212; 19377253; 19387251; 19390179; 19394732; 19403254; 19410251; 19415164; 19415283; 19423540; 19426506; 19428053; 19433520; 19436122; 19436291; 19436676; 19436686; 19437230; 19439300; 19439303; 19461040; 19469014; 19473152; 19480860; 19482283; 19492468; 19494488; 19495883; 19499327; 19501581; 19501644; 19520972; 19521085; 19522741; 19523464; 19525580; 19527514; 19533498; 19534672; 19538326; 19545442; 19560102; 19565490; 19567438; 19568166; 19571581; 19576194; 19577754; 19578796; 19584180; 19594772; 19595394; 19602903; 19609738; 19614793; 19615354; 19617288; 19619902; 19620133; 19624831; 19625176; 19626399; 19631649; 19642908; 19643839; 19643942; 19644070; 19645035; 19667982; 19670170; 19680263; 19692124; 19692168; 19695857; 19706826; 19715516; 19719987; 19719993; 19728551; 19729797; 19736474; 19736479; 19751919; 19755616; 19760027; 19762396; 19762397; 19766699; 19783155; 19796676; 19800416; 19801321; 19806245; 19808368; 19816865; 19816870; 19818961; 19821022; 19833744; 19834334; 19850242; 19850925; 19851048; 19853918; 19855269; 19857655; 19857676; 19864399; 19874580; 19879773; 19900432; 19903811; 19906786; 19913121; 19914996; 19923014; 19929715; 19931932; 19942863; 19944144; 19946607; 19947988; 19948975; 19954777; 19956729; 19962488; 19965533; 20004425; 20005739; 20006362; 20017311; 20024640; 20031768; 20034371; 20036017; 20042240; 20047081; 20056225; 20056955; 20060752; 20068351; 20074254; 20075180; 20075509; 20075574; 20078870; 20078877; 20083961; 20131075; 20136960; 20138378; 20142117; 20145391; 20145925; 20170291; 20173307; 20179497; 20184510; 20184533; 20184536; 20186934; 20190687; 20200626; 20200627; 20211068; 20214668; 20215002; 20219150; 20220110; 20227257; 20227921; 20233980; 20237496; 20306065; 20333461; 20339115; 20339904; 20346360; 20346514; 20348053; 20359087; 20371432; 20386340; 20403997; 20406964; 20423474; 20423919; 20437055; 20438785; 20443669; 20453000; 20453690; 20465852; 20466978; 20485444; 20489166; 20494358; 20494378; 20502295; 20511616; 20522534; 20531240; 20537668; 20538124; 20538278; 20538960; 20539018; 20546810; 20552244; 20556836; 20573938; 20581772; 20587599; 20592333; 20596037; 20596713; 20599197; 20605213; 20610232; 20614004; 20618287; 20623261; 20626020; 20626239; 20626701; 20628086; 20638228; 20640440; 20651278; 20669343; 20670634; 20676960; 20679960; 20680929; 20683147; 20686879; 20690093; 20691829; 20703235; 20704541; 20706769; 20709501; 20722986; 20727736; 20730440; 20733302; 20734449; 20797493; 20805569; 20813565; 20819268; 20836727; 20843812; 20846522; 20846939; 20850446; 20852043; 20855282; 20855565; 20856253; 20874781; 20877716; 20881941; 20883364; 20929576; 20929699; 20930309; 20939118; 20949557; 20952358; 20967757; 20972697; 20974458; 20978825; 20979755; 21029360; 21029457; 21033124; 21034294; 21037097; 21037509; 21043803; 21044752; 21044781; 21054666; 21054877; 21059738; 21062467; 21067752; 21071964; 21080913; 21081932; 21086905; 21089116; 21094359; 21105323; 21108561; 21135979; 21136015; 21143859; 21143879; 21146168; 21149504; 21161711; 21162890; 21167068; 21172733; 21173097; 21173540; 21182750; 21190868; 21194909; 21195701; 21196492; 21203342; 21204606; 21215477; 21218608; 21226995; 21258804; 21270838; 21284020; 21287288; 21293934; 21294915; 21296145; 21296900; 21300955; 21305296; 21309051; 21309632; 21315565; 21323571; 21324310; 21325005; 21325757; 21357282; 21357824; 21360619; 21383176; 21402418; 21404895; 21406102; 21413847; 21414621; 21415385; 21444086; 21447704; 21455669; 21458205; 21465964; 21468168; 21476028; 21493089; 21508123; 21516340; 21519150; 21526633; 21536287; 21546857; 21553357; 21565862; 21570260; 21575917; 21592994; 21602602; 21617097; 21624120; 21625240; 21630214; 21640994; 21645137; 21647738; 21655904; 21658317; 21679689; 21685272; 21696613; 21697747; 21700090; 21714897; 21716910; 21719129; 21720757; 21729568; 21729973; 21730823; 21737650; 21740772; 21741099; 21757662; 21773944; 21794939; 21801245; 21804277; 21814873; 21816845; 21819975; 21821037; 21831326; 21832113; 21839826; 21843630; 21845926; 21856781; 21859817; 21868617; 21872279; 21883780; 21890096; 21901123; 21915265; 21923250; 21928234; 21931794; 21933586; 21934067; 21937998; 21951717; 21958326; 21970447; 21988832; 21993388; 22004660; 22014839; 22018511; 22019947; 22019953; 22025173; 22025360; 22038335; 22048011; 22055258; 22056216; 22079264; 22082888; 22095223; 22103876; 22104116; 22119118; 22134501; 22153152; 22158621; 22166506; 22178353; 22190020; 22192441; 22196954; 22203929; 22205174; 22208681; 22222005; 22241816; 22257305; 22260948; 22267327; 22267750; 22267767; 22277294; 22284830; 22291609; 22296194; 22297435; 22306563; 22311704; 22316266; 22316276; 22328138; 22329434; 22330622; 22357713; 22365588; 22392590; 22418747; 22418989; 22428468; 22430136; 22435454; 22437883; 22444955; 22446726; 22449109; 22457095; 22459389; 22464286; 22467322; 22474034; 22490475; 22492993; 22497530; 22529527; 22533665; 22545649; 22547903; 22552174; 22554299; 22556030; 22558327; 22562290; 22569431; 22569435; 22570140; 22576068; 22580582; 22588996; 22607374; 22614460; 22617158; 22641545; 22642594; 22645408; 22672862; 22676422; 22681496; 22683644; 22685243; 22685586; 22732721; 22748017; 22750226; 22763479; 22780440; 22783580; 22783989; 22796263; 22801596; 22813435; 22813921; 22816656; 22821639; 22828776; 22832641; 22836155; 22843654; 22847196; 22857740; 22867744; 22869540; 22875408; 22875596; 22884413; 22901456; 22906275; 22906998; 22911253; 22912790; 22914173; 22918393; 22939635; 22949303; 22957001; 22976070; 22982460; 22989605; 23013513; 23026925; 23046580; 23049543; 23066418; 23078984; 23087143; 23087294; 23104422; 23111890; 23116190; 23116196; 23124693; 23125484; 23126320; 23132698; 23139417; 23151748; 23158132; 23159256; 23166385; 23170819; 23182717; 23197238; 23197841; 23206444; 23212397; 23212764; 23220502; 23221172; 23224322; 23225486; 23228375; 23241067; 23254637; 23254959; 23257175; 23257395; 23263911; 23266263; 23270673; 23272049; 23274882; 23277135; 23285029; 23288467; 23306163; 23343124; 23361365; 23367494; 23375121; 23375154; 23379491; 23383155; 23393371; 23399387; 23401350; 23409097; 23425215; 23434327; 23440541; 23450030; 23463453; 23468212; 23484158; 23492986; 23516493; 23518675; 23527487; 23535585; 23547018; 23575330; 23576062; 23578742; 23579782; 23591413; 23592000; 23604041; 23618082; 23627410; 23635436; 23674518; 23692330; 23697277; 23702388; 23724031; 23724977; 23742758; 23766379; 23773138; 23784529; 23803251; 23808014; 23813138; 23813850; 23828261; 23835994; 23844046; 23852903; 23888317; 23910616; 23911413; 23935961; 23941472; 23968978; 24055729; 24072695; 24084772; 24097561; 24163955; 24206243; 24222149; 24222151; 24262327; 24347428; 24379064; 24403485; 24434384; 24440351 C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related Ensembl:ENSG00000132693 HGNC:2367 HPRD:00422 MIM:123260 Vega:OTTHUMG00000035344 Other designations: C-reactive protein|pentraxin 1 CRP Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He APPS CPSB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CTSB cathepsin B 1508 8p22 20140408 9606 8 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0002224 (EC: TAS); GO_0004197 (EC: IDA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16364318); GO_0005518 (EC: IDA); GO_0005576 (EC: TAS); GO_0005615 (EC: IDA); GO_0005615 (EC: ISS); GO_0005622 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1645961); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005764 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1837142); GO_0006508 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7890620); GO_0008233 (EC: IDA, PMID: 7890620); GO_0008234 (EC: IDA, PMID: 8811434); GO_0022617 (EC: TAS); GO_0030198 (EC: TAS); GO_0030574 (EC: IDA); GO_0030574 (EC: TAS); GO_0030855 (EC: IEP); GO_0036021 (EC: TAS); GO_0042470 (EC: IEA); GO_0042981 (EC: TAS, PMID: 16130169); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA); GO_0043394 (EC: IPI); GO_0045087 (EC: TAS); GO_0048471 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15614436); GO_0050790 (EC: IEA); GO_0051603 (EC: IDA); GO_0070062 (EC: IDA, PMID: 19199708); GO_0097067 (EC: IEP) PMID: 417724; 1326552; 1577456; 1597471; 1637335; 1645961; 1837142; 1868826; 1900515; 1984484; 1996959; 2061332; 2476070; 3010323; 3463996; 3542996; 3972105; 6203523; 6351842; 7509303; 7622042; 7718586; 7890620; 8014475; 8083219; 8112600; 8617355; 8635854; 8811434; 9076588; 9295331; 9299326; 9360997; 9412840; 9539769; 9582368; 9585570; 9632704; 9733783; 9770500; 9776083; 9928950; 10353845; 10395917; 10512713; 10777578; 10849756; 10876156; 11016923; 11115496; 11134363; 11139332; 11162551; 11228542; 11241311; 11435427; 11513559; 11514663; 11536009; 11746262; 11815600; 11932257; 12057992; 12072442; 12086583; 12102727; 12185082; 12186841; 12189154; 12201820; 12437117; 12437120; 12477932; 12581740; 12589965; 12643545; 12677446; 12726991; 12887051; 12893746; 12926111; 14503883; 14702039; 14729603; 14730346; 14984956; 15016552; 15100281; 15122332; 15231747; 15255544; 15262981; 15274632; 15489334; 15512772; 15614436; 15679122; 15710602; 15799821; 15807897; 15816632; 15831716; 15832773; 16034129; 16051222; 16077201; 16130169; 16169070; 16303743; 16315320; 16364318; 16381007; 16492714; 16534247; 16709808; 16733801; 16894574; 16913838; 16914553; 17064696; 17081065; 17504810; 17507477; 17519890; 17724614; 17726009; 17982689; 17990360; 17991740; 18029348; 18163891; 18296264; 18314113; 18472965; 18515357; 18543249; 18566385; 18566436; 18598236; 18616803; 18706099; 18714186; 18718938; 18760860; 18949742; 19004543; 19040356; 19199708; 19331819; 19414800; 19434518; 19454696; 19615732; 19661440; 19692168; 19700239; 19774387; 19811804; 19913121; 19915865; 19930869; 20008285; 20042316; 20180636; 20302512; 20424577; 20536394; 20563251; 20567828; 20584670; 20627011; 20628086; 20661471; 20699092; 20706999; 20833970; 20880494; 20930303; 21060833; 21092200; 21112096; 21139048; 21199580; 21250859; 21323990; 21508263; 21541353; 21562164; 21585286; 21600167; 21742978; 21832049; 21835790; 21840777; 21850018; 21880013; 21890473; 21900206; 21925292; 21945151; 21948970; 21967108; 22066471; 22118674; 22127599; 22138708; 22190034; 22209964; 22222211; 22262857; 22266111; 22268729; 22278224; 22287159; 22322590; 22384200; 22464443; 22467319; 22571763; 22693552; 22695494; 22732093; 22745374; 22782900; 22851129; 22939629; 22949512; 23024364; 23063511; 23189279; 23195957; 23219593; 23222509; 23222817; 23292187; 23349634; 23362198; 23466190; 23591598; 23602568; 23603447; 23633927; 23667900; 23677785; 23708264; 23867824 cathepsin B Ensembl:ENSG00000164733 HGNC:2527 HPRD:00287 MIM:116810 Vega:OTTHUMG00000090799 Other designations: APP secretase|amyloid precursor protein secretase|cathepsin B1|cysteine protease CTSB Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He AHH AHRR CP11 CYP1 P1-450 P450-C P450DX WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP1A1 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1543 15q24.1 9606 15 GO_0001666 (EC: IEA); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006778 (EC: IEA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0008283 (EC: IEA); GO_0008395 (EC: IEA); GO_0009308 (EC: IEA); GO_0009611 (EC: IEA); GO_0009615 (EC: IEA); GO_0009624 (EC: IEA); GO_0009635 (EC: IEA); GO_0009792 (EC: IEA); GO_0009804 (EC: IEA); GO_0009812 (EC: IEA); GO_0010041 (EC: IEA); GO_0014070 (EC: IEA); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0016679 (EC: IEA); GO_0016711 (EC: IEA); GO_0017143 (EC: IEA); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0019341 (EC: IEA); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:1691986); GO_0019899 (EC: IEA); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0032094 (EC: IEA); GO_0032451 (EC: IEA); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0033189 (EC: IEA); GO_0042359 (EC: IC, PMID:15546903); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0042904 (EC: IEA); GO_0043010 (EC: IEA); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046677 (EC: IEA); GO_0046685 (EC: IEA); GO_0048565 (EC: IEA); GO_0050665 (EC: IEA); GO_0055093 (EC: IEA); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0060137 (EC: IEA); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0070365 (EC: IEA); GO_0070576 (EC: IDA, PMID:15546903); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS); GO_1900087 (EC: IEA) PMID:1691986; 1722803; 1761516; 2989797; 3000715; 3019683; 3714481; 3838385; 4000952; 6102994; 8095225; 8125298; 8313840; 8442765; 8548778; 8895751; 9500998; 9890157; 10493257; 10612842; 10739168; 11037802; 11037803; 11045797; 11052546; 11124296; 11159735; 11162685; 11172643; 11191882; 11207026; 11236859; 11246217; 11259393; 11275366; 11279306; 11291049; 11295132; 11295847; 11325850; 11330960; 11389067; 11393538; 11396202; 11406420; 11406608; 11408349; 11408954; 11410321; 11418090; 11422615; 11434510; 11436564; 11459424; 11470760; 11470992; 11470996; 11471167; 11484167; 11485833; 11487538; 11488937; 11500195; 11501853; 11503278; 11507974; 11511301; 11520401; 11525595; 11535253; 11551408; 11564581; 11641039; 11675150; 11675474; 11689007; 11698341; 11719088; 11751440; 11752233; 11779261; 11792676; 11793160; 11798822; 11833070; 11854392; 11859435; 11860825; 11860900; 11872636; 11895912; 11934439; 11952781; 11955671; 11967624; 11996959; 12018173; 12030651; 12034316; 12036913; 12063626; 12071517; 12100112; 12110344; 12139735; 12144816; 12147246; 12163326; 12170467; 12171760; 12175533; 12183419; 12189551; 12210502; 12210751; 12237110; 12269988; 12297440; 12351530; 12354067; 12365037; 12378791; 12397416; 12419832; 12435115; 12464257; 12468438; 12477932; 12484238; 12490585; 12496044; 12527337; 12548461; 12569554; 12574216; 12579334; 12590982; 12594823; 12602902; 12620480; 12631667; 12646505; 12670526; 12680328; 12690010; 12713578; 12718576; 12729704; 12732844; 12738724; 12746631; 12748560; 12760253; 12767509; 12767526; 12771031; 12772461; 12777964; 12824892; 12827651; 12845676; 12846365; 12854128; 12879168; 12880680; 12883749; 12903034; 12919721; 12925969; 12934333; 12949934; 14510941; 14534704; 14560034; 14582397; 14602139; 14602525; 14611903; 14634838; 14639127; 14646291; 14656945; 14665706; 14675315; 14687717; 14693745; 14695173; 14719475; 14724908; 14734460; 14758730; 14991750; 15013696; 15037607; 15039299; 15052670; 15059326; 15061915; 15064998; 15069692; 15088300; 15093273; 15111988; 15124938; 15127181; 15127559; 15128046; 15136237; 15152552; 15176217; 15177667; 15180167; 15184245; 15185560; 15194533; 15195126; 15206494; 15215328; 15217514; 15241822; 15279831; 15298956; 15298960; 15299091; 15319333; 15327835; 15333250; 15333597; 15341023; 15352038; 15355699; 15363546; 15375499; 15376230; 15381379; 15382051; 15382273; 15386428; 15459023; 15469410; 15478298; 15489334; 15491310; 15496536; 15521013; 15526353; 15528152; 15546903; 15547760; 15552037; 15579657; 15583370; 15591802; 15596250; 15605089; 15618738; 15640066; 15642161; 15643613; 15646021; 15647817; 15648054; 15653213; 15671210; 15712341; 15725614; 15731166; 15734083; 15734958; 15756908; 15764294; 15765281; 15769360; 15774541; 15774926; 15801491; 15849806; 15856430; 15861041; 15867368; 15870154; 15914211; 15914277; 15920291; 15928955; 15931768; 15938845; 15941966; 15952134; 15953982; 15981231; 15986113; 15991278; 16009381; 16012082; 16037119; 16043197; 16051642; 16084889; 16099114; 16103451; 16130011; 16142442; 16153604; 16202920; 16227674; 16228113; 16235998; 16254684; 16260521; 16270381; 16273625; 16284375; 16284498; 16318816; 16319265; 16337337; 16357593; 16357600; 16360200; 16367916; 16393248; 16402077; 16402549; 16403567; 16407087; 16414014; 16416283; 16424825; 16426572; 16466991; 16471212; 16481407; 16484137; 16488179; 16492926; 16493615; 16505155; 16527884; 16580705; 16598069; 16599372; 16608396; 16609368; 16614107; 16614120; 16620591; 16625286; 16638864; 16676594; 16697254; 16721740; 16763966; 16767678; 16771603; 16788090; 16792888; 16803538; 16807674; 16823842; 16834659; 16835796; 16837240; 16864595; 16882880; 16914185; 16926176; 16947004; 16949388; 16956909; 16971197; 16977255; 16985026; 16985033; 16985250; 16998606; 17022435; 17035385; 17053541; 17063266; 17078101; 17081983; 17083362; 17113562; 17118447; 17119063; 17158763; 17160265; 17160896; 17164366; 17167268; 17171211; 17174438; 17191090; 17192049; 17220347; 17307802; 17307803; 17311112; 17316563; 17361553; 17363580; 17367411; 17372239; 17372243; 17372252; 17403528; 17408703; 17412371; 17427032; 17428572; 17429172; 17429315; 17449539; 17461521; 17477782; 17479406; 17496311; 17498780; 17507624; 17512722; 17512776; 17526865; 17531965; 17548691; 17549424; 17566695; 17577786; 17588204; 17589376; 17590289; 17603290; 17610937; 17611777; 17620151; 17623765; 17630984; 17640999; 17642299; 17646057; 17651397; 17695473; 17706398; 17711714; 17717632; 17728147; 17786624; 17823232; 17852022; 17873299; 17896209; 17900751; 17908297; 17919073; 17919675; 17959138; 17980001; 17980933; 17981384; 17982751; 17996038; 18061941; 18065768; 18070799; 18074679; 18078203; 18082227; 18090121; 18159984; 18180754; 18200441; 18203021; 18203634; 18224491; 18241825; 18247309; 18261353; 18268125; 18285692; 18287863; 18287869; 18304461; 18317771; 18318428; 18320229; 18339256; 18351133; 18389617; 18409146; 18409147; 18414197; 18415690; 18415801; 18437510; 18447907; 18449058; 18463401; 18493746; 18495522; 18496222; 18497059; 18507050; 18507060; 18510611; 18550589; 18569591; 18577398; 18589596; 18590468; 18593984; 18601742; 18618215; 18628428; 18632753; 18636124; 18642288; 18676680; 18691756; 18698632; 18700132; 18706519; 18763031; 18767181; 18768509; 18774560; 18779756; 18784359; 18798002; 18800292; 18818748; 18819424; 18824009; 18849443; 18936436; 18941913; 18979064; 18980759; 18990008; 18990750; 18992263; 19009239; 19012698; 19013013; 19019335; 19022366; 19024313; 19031960; 19064581; 19070657; 19074885; 19110417; 19126602; 19127255; 19138996; 19143007; 19147266; 19160101; 19170196; 19174490; 19178087; 19219744; 19222528; 19229255; 19246429; 19252926; 19264525; 19267064; 19276377; 19285097; 19287966; 19290787; 19303595; 19307236; 19317600; 19336370; 19338043; 19339270; 19343046; 19346634; 19351467; 19356113; 19387820; 19412423; 19414505; 19415745; 19424633; 19424794; 19427967; 19430483; 19443378; 19452301; 19453261; 19456854; 19469619; 19472123; 19479063; 19505920; 19507017; 19507064; 19521675; 19526463; 19527514; 19537956; 19538838; 19561157; 19563927; 19574343; 19575027; 19576320; 19582785; 19598235; 19608585; 19625176; 19627379; 19630952; 19632247; 19639480; 19643819; 19650794; 19666078; 19679043; 19682433; 19692168; 19718946; 19750329; 19751749; 19776291; 19786002; 19789190; 19789301; 19797843; 19799358; 19822571; 19826048; 19827888; 19860743; 19863350; 19892789; 19899130; 19903800; 19913121; 19947517; 19948975; 19954068; 19954069; 19963114; 19963139; 19995559; 20009880; 20012094; 20027111; 20029944; 20032816; 20035380; 20047124; 20052535; 20054510; 20080081; 20088379; 20088394; 20094781; 20095411; 20131310; 20136364; 20177288; 20193595; 20214802; 20226777; 20297661; 20345875; 20373852; 20375710; 20377136; 20381444; 20428802; 20437850; 20453000; 20462615; 20491576; 20511665; 20529763; 20534171; 20544687; 20554493; 20559649; 20579990; 20584197; 20596254; 20602615; 20628086; 20628863; 20634197; 20634891; 20638923; 20644561; 20661821; 20664892; 20700368; 20701904; 20704749; 20723587; 20734064; 20734807; 20804547; 20817259; 20845989; 20846153; 20850372; 20855412; 20878561; 20878621; 20883830; 20884258; 20886582; 20887941; 20937634; 20957336; 20962519; 20965504; 20970553; 21081473; 21086258; 21130723; 21211368; 21246002; 21254355; 21254556; 21262253; 21270613; 21304969; 21329749; 21357676; 21385088; 21402622; 21418988; 21438753; 21490707; 21508386; 21545198; 21545219; 21586621; 21590276; 21709011; 21710246; 21718208; 21775774; 21848428; 21859547; 21869479; 21870186; 21876539; 21909115; 21977969; 22000673; 22018952; 22025136; 22086975; 22088806; 22109568; 22154617; 22183307; 22213191; 22217397; 22236719; 22273851; 22277800; 22292665; 22294106; 22296350; 22297691; 22304463; 22311486; 22312901; 22359202; 22365406; 22374940; 22384629; 22392998; 22395499; 22422552; 22442665; 22448487; 22470100; 22579698; 22594779; 22611936; 22660220; 22664944; 22707145; 22733497; 22752755; 22754477; 22782580; 22837390; 22846179; 22847262; 22854411; 22855999; 22876118; 22893352; 22901117; 22909097; 22918668; 22948778; 22949628; 22951721; 22952673; 22964275; 22994769; 22997752; 23000097; 23013535; 23033491; 23046808; 23055196; 23056546; 23065259; 23065291; 23098461; 23111888; 23124075; 23152866; 23174221; 23178447; 23229202; 23259321; 23288144; 23293967; 23350368; 23353840; 23369756; 23381648; 23411129; 23419638; 23424205; 23471717; 23475304; 23492908; 23508959; 23528250; 23548414; 23619522; 23661361; 23707957; 23785672; 23816456; 23832578; 23840148; 23842721; 23860774; 23870476; 23886179; 23918309; 24091107; 24316127; 24355420 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000140465 HGNC:2595 HPRD:00148 MIM:108330 Vega:OTTHUMG00000142812 Other designations: CYPIA1|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P1-450, dioxin-inducible|cytochrome P450 1A1|cytochrome P450 form 6|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 1|cytochrome P450-C|cytochrome P450-P1|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP1A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP12 P3-450 P450(PA) WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP1A2 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 1544 15q24.1 9606 15 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006706 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0006778 (EC: IEA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0009055 (EC: TAS, PMID:2813353); GO_0009403 (EC: IDA, PMID:11511187); GO_0009791 (EC: IEA); GO_0009820 (EC: IDA, PMID:11511187); GO_0010468 (EC: IEA); GO_0016098 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016712 (EC: IMP, PMID:2813353); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0018894 (EC: IEA); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0019899 (EC: IPI, PMID:15680923); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA, PMID:17311915); GO_0030324 (EC: IEA); GO_0032259 (EC: TAS); GO_0032355 (EC: IEA); GO_0032451 (EC: IDA, PMID:2813353); GO_0032496 (EC: IEA); GO_0032787 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0034875 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0042737 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA, PMID:2813353); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0045333 (EC: IEA); GO_0046483 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0050665 (EC: IEA); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0070989 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0071276 (EC: IEA); GO_0071615 (EC: IDA, PMID:19029318); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS) PMID:2575218; 2813353; 3000715; 3462722; 3517618; 3681487; 3755823; 8095225; 8287062; 8553685; 8573198; 8694864; 9398194; 9598815; 9797707; 9884316; 9890157; 10463577; 10493258; 10791558; 11153915; 11186132; 11207026; 11275366; 11393588; 11470995; 11496364; 11501059; 11507974; 11511187; 11749050; 11763009; 11782366; 11791895; 11817502; 11943609; 12067576; 12147246; 12181774; 12419832; 12445029; 12445035; 12477932; 12484238; 12534642; 12566081; 12569554; 12618594; 12630986; 12663508; 12692107; 12732846; 12790158; 12851801; 12900870; 12920202; 12925300; 12943470; 14563787; 14640293; 14648207; 14695651; 14714565; 14723376; 14976127; 15039299; 15110095; 15128046; 15241822; 15299091; 15319333; 15327587; 15349722; 15363478; 15382051; 15387446; 15466009; 15469410; 15489334; 15505641; 15519301; 15564895; 15643613; 15680923; 15734958; 15763632; 15770072; 15774926; 15849225; 15890241; 15901993; 15941966; 15949157; 15987714; 15996939; 16006997; 16048566; 16103451; 16130011; 16153396; 16157215; 16172230; 16188490; 16204462; 16307269; 16324277; 16385402; 16401082; 16402077; 16402549; 16406813; 16426572; 16471212; 16495781; 16505155; 16522833; 16538170; 16538176; 16609368; 16636061; 16740387; 16772608; 16775389; 16782969; 16800822; 16864595; 16882880; 16933202; 16969362; 16985026; 16985250; 17065585; 17164366; 17178267; 17191090; 17259654; 17295924; 17311915; 17345072; 17363580; 17370067; 17372239; 17418993; 17429315; 17477782; 17498780; 17503978; 17507615; 17507624; 17509724; 17564586; 17603224; 17603900; 17611010; 17615053; 17616786; 17627011; 17635176; 17688403; 17695473; 17823232; 17823234; 17852022; 17900275; 18052847; 18075470; 18077912; 18159984; 18180754; 18187423; 18200441; 18223460; 18231117; 18268115; 18318428; 18356043; 18389617; 18398030; 18455494; 18466106; 18490497; 18493746; 18496682; 18497059; 18499698; 18510611; 18544563; 18551037; 18569587; 18619574; 18628519; 18632753; 18690546; 18703023; 18751408; 18759349; 18784359; 18798002; 18801337; 18813311; 18825963; 18840375; 18850169; 18936436; 18941913; 18990750; 18992148; 18996102; 19000940; 19026171; 19029318; 19095219; 19106084; 19219744; 19229255; 19273964; 19274061; 19276377; 19285097; 19290787; 19307236; 19332078; 19336370; 19338043; 19339270; 19343046; 19356113; 19414633; 19415745; 19424794; 19430483; 19442564; 19450128; 19451835; 19452301; 19453261; 19479063; 19507017; 19534587; 19569730; 19571439; 19574343; 19575027; 19576320; 19583676; 19593158; 19593168; 19605743; 19636338; 19643819; 19651758; 19666078; 19682433; 19692168; 19751749; 19776291; 19789190; 19806921; 19822571; 19823875; 19843669; 19860743; 19913121; 19926050; 19956635; 19961320; 20029944; 20043572; 20047124; 20054636; 20080081; 20118554; 20125119; 20131310; 20136364; 20147896; 20163457; 20173083; 20175915; 20213484; 20214802; 20218903; 20304699; 20375710; 20381444; 20389299; 20390257; 20403997; 20437850; 20453000; 20505544; 20529763; 20559687; 20583967; 20602612; 20602615; 20628086; 20634197; 20634891; 20641098; 20652353; 20656072; 20663043; 20691427; 20701904; 20734064; 20797314; 20806393; 20829355; 20853468; 20881513; 20930417; 20933493; 20957336; 20970553; 21071160; 21072184; 21081473; 21086794; 21148426; 21210738; 21262253; 21281405; 21329464; 21357676; 21480221; 21490707; 21505853; 21598960; 21825116; 21876539; 21929532; 21977969; 22072123; 22086975; 22141270; 22228482; 22246422; 22258279; 22336631; 22426036; 22448362; 22466345; 22492992; 22628494; 22648710; 22673010; 22749033; 22785257; 22854411; 22855999; 22948892; 22949628; 23081704; 23128882; 23133610; 23138776; 23157985; 23167834; 23278694; 23292087; 23353840; 23492908; 23492909; 23601795; 23603339; 23628800; 23859573 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000140505 HGNC:2596 HPRD:00489 MIM:124060 Vega:OTTHUMG00000172901 Other designations: CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP1A2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP1B CYPIB1 GLC3A P4501B1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP1B1 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 1545 2p22.2 9606 2 GO_0001525 (EC: IEA); GO_0004497 (EC: TAS, PMID:9097971); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006725 (EC: IEA); GO_0006805 (EC: IDA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0007601 (EC: TAS, PMID:9097971); GO_0008202 (EC: IDA); GO_0009404 (EC: IEA); GO_0009636 (EC: IEA); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0016712 (EC: IDA, PMID:10871058); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:9097971); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0020037 (EC: TAS, PMID:9097971); GO_0043542 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0055114 (EC: TAS, PMID:9097971); GO_0061298 (EC: IEA); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0071603 (EC: IEA); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS) PMID:1925598; 8175734; 8910454; 9097971; 9463332; 9497261; 9823305; 9890157; 10227395; 10614688; 10871058; 11221602; 11303589; 11389067; 11403040; 11452143; 11555828; 11558822; 11749050; 11774072; 11854439; 11955671; 12010864; 12183407; 12200121; 12372064; 12385014; 12415427; 12419832; 12477932; 12520071; 12525557; 12567107; 12598442; 12602902; 12618873; 12692107; 12718576; 12770747; 12807732; 12837283; 12844487; 12873984; 14507861; 14520706; 14562027; 14634838; 14656940; 14729846; 14734460; 14744739; 14961553; 15041720; 15072827; 15075793; 15102677; 15122594; 15128046; 15177664; 15199113; 15255109; 15255550; 15285606; 15297370; 15299091; 15333708; 15342454; 15342556; 15342693; 15382051; 15386537; 15475877; 15489334; 15596250; 15636228; 15654505; 15723004; 15733270; 15734954; 15734958; 15774541; 15777990; 15808404; 15861043; 15896461; 15905203; 15941966; 15958554; 15987428; 16006997; 16051642; 16103451; 16115918; 16172228; 16172230; 16202920; 16207128; 16260521; 16284375; 16319265; 16319821; 16344560; 16384942; 16490498; 16569655; 16598069; 16638984; 16688110; 16716118; 16730930; 16735991; 16735994; 16766147; 16808847; 16847423; 16850246; 16862072; 16864595; 16896040; 16949388; 16963504; 16977255; 16978616; 16985026; 16985250; 17035385; 17053044; 17063266; 17077994; 17157584; 17164573; 17174438; 17187946; 17200336; 17220347; 17224759; 17224914; 17301257; 17311112; 17321191; 17353931; 17363580; 17372239; 17372243; 17403528; 17429315; 17449539; 17449559; 17458695; 17496311; 17498780; 17507616; 17507624; 17548691; 17562158; 17563717; 17575219; 17588204; 17589376; 17591938; 17603900; 17615053; 17627011; 17642299; 17687619; 17704407; 17718864; 17893647; 17914928; 17919675; 17922187; 17925548; 17980933; 18055790; 18059014; 18067928; 18070520; 18187806; 18227148; 18258609; 18268125; 18318428; 18347981; 18385784; 18414103; 18415014; 18425393; 18470941; 18483560; 18486761; 18497059; 18510611; 18537981; 18544568; 18569579; 18569591; 18573508; 18575334; 18616618; 18622259; 18628428; 18632753; 18676680; 18763031; 18779756; 18784359; 18794456; 18820009; 18829176; 18841557; 18852424; 18922394; 18936436; 18977467; 18980759; 18989382; 18990750; 18992148; 19015200; 19031960; 19064581; 19074885; 19083124; 19094228; 19096718; 19116217; 19126602; 19127255; 19138946; 19138996; 19170196; 19174490; 19179758; 19195637; 19199255; 19208203; 19214745; 19229255; 19234632; 19247456; 19274671; 19287966; 19290787; 19293312; 19324859; 19331196; 19338043; 19343046; 19349377; 19357154; 19383894; 19414505; 19415745; 19424633; 19424794; 19443378; 19453261; 19479063; 19505920; 19514368; 19528825; 19536304; 19574343; 19575027; 19582785; 19597567; 19598235; 19622003; 19625176; 19630952; 19643970; 19666078; 19668563; 19668597; 19690133; 19692168; 19730035; 19736056; 19744731; 19751749; 19754948; 19776291; 19789190; 19789301; 19793111; 19820397; 19822571; 19857456; 19860743; 19895167; 19898482; 19908239; 19913121; 19956635; 19963139; 19995559; 20027111; 20029944; 20033481; 20037207; 20051892; 20054638; 20057908; 20088394; 20131310; 20137445; 20151268; 20184498; 20198857; 20198978; 20212917; 20214802; 20301314; 20357201; 20375710; 20391138; 20395011; 20403997; 20453000; 20461808; 20462226; 20492382; 20505544; 20529763; 20559649; 20568895; 20628086; 20632082; 20634197; 20634891; 20660114; 20664688; 20678202; 20683028; 20701755; 20734064; 20830506; 20845989; 20875115; 20878130; 20884258; 20887769; 21072184; 21081473; 21081970; 21139974; 21147782; 21168818; 21191305; 21303932; 21306220; 21409489; 21438753; 21458313; 21596299; 21600657; 21614911; 21655360; 21674184; 21683070; 21707071; 21742528; 21850185; 21854771; 21890473; 21963094; 21987572; 22004014; 22011756; 22114726; 22128238; 22138065; 22177211; 22190224; 22232929; 22272893; 22296381; 22327650; 22374940; 22459615; 22466345; 22504876; 22509109; 22594779; 22840970; 22859684; 22878448; 22942166; 23028769; 23032576; 23087145; 23215915; 23218183; 23218701; 23283740; 23325794; 23350153; 23350368; 23353840; 23370603; 23757320; 23785672; 23794133; 23861929; 23922489; 24227805 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000138061 HGNC:2597 HPRD:03464 MIM:601771 Vega:OTTHUMG00000100970 Other designations: aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 1B1|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (dioxin-inducible), polypeptide 1 (glaucoma 3, primary infantile)|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP1B1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPA6 CYP2A CYP2A3 CYPIIA6 P450C2A P450PB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2A6 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6 1548 19q13.2 9606 19 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0005881 (EC: IDA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0008389 (EC: IDA, PMID:16086027); GO_0009804 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0016712 (EC: IEA); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0017144 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0019899 (EC: IPI, PMID:15680923); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA, PMID:16086027); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:15680923); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046226 (EC: IDA, PMID:19029318) PMID:1889415; 1944238; 2322567; 2726448; 2748347; 3856261; 4011450; 7581481; 7668294; 7864805; 8587134; 9409631; 9827545; 9890157; 10544257; 10781881; 11054771; 11207029; 11237731; 11241319; 11259349; 11278503; 11434509; 11684323; 11725533; 11805739; 11927498; 11927840; 11960911; 11960914; 12115524; 12162851; 12164325; 12172220; 12223434; 12325023; 12406643; 12419832; 12445030; 12477932; 12708602; 12721789; 12749606; 12844137; 12883749; 14568264; 14583682; 14981342; 15039299; 15128046; 15203795; 15225612; 15308589; 15327835; 15370155; 15454735; 15469410; 15475735; 15489334; 15534625; 15564629; 15592323; 15618701; 15660270; 15665333; 15671201; 15680923; 15861035; 15861044; 15900015; 15940289; 15993850; 16006997; 16041240; 16048566; 16086027; 16126166; 16176798; 16207711; 16272956; 16344560; 16372023; 16377082; 16378601; 16402086; 16402128; 16452582; 16470306; 16636685; 16720336; 16758265; 16857725; 16891249; 16952495; 17015050; 17036930; 17112802; 17130279; 17156750; 17207267; 17220563; 17259654; 17267622; 17454707; 17522595; 17540336; 17549345; 17646279; 17683511; 17916905; 17927692; 17934923; 17979512; 18004205; 18188752; 18212800; 18216723; 18356043; 18360915; 18380793; 18425152; 18510611; 18666753; 18698229; 18715882; 18936436; 18941913; 18976031; 18979093; 19012698; 19029318; 19040121; 19082995; 19104915; 19225447; 19251454; 19279561; 19290787; 19300303; 19303722; 19339270; 19343046; 19361454; 19365400; 19371316; 19387893; 19406142; 19415821; 19454817; 19479063; 19533856; 19537956; 19604090; 19643819; 19651758; 19659438; 19702528; 19703308; 19751749; 19779319; 19789190; 19845430; 19921195; 19956635; 20012030; 20061389; 20089352; 20136358; 20139165; 20155256; 20173083; 20177288; 20336063; 20418888; 20418890; 20437850; 20438369; 20506136; 20596643; 20647221; 20656072; 20701904; 20717551; 20719908; 20734048; 20734064; 20860463; 20887713; 21205058; 21265876; 21326246; 21410749; 21418183; 21473878; 21521021; 21685187; 21745589; 21747048; 21765098; 21791872; 21964962; 22073590; 22080838; 22160797; 22217675; 22271297; 22322240; 22342802; 22465937; 22497566; 22498344; 22547082; 22614024; 22696418; 22706231; 22847926; 22854688; 22890016; 23049750; 23178447; 23203414; 23292114; 23371292; 23462429; 23471717; 23528144; 23585826; 23649654; 23733493; 23813797 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6 Ensembl:ENSG00000255974 HGNC:2610 HPRD:00420 MIM:122720 Vega:OTTHUMG00000182713 Other designations: 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase|coumarin 7-hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 2A6|cytochrome P450 IIA3|cytochrome P450(I)|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIA (phenobarbital-inducible), polypeptide 6|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2A6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPA7 CPAD CYP2A CYPIIA7 P450-IIA4 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2A7 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 7 1549 19q13.2 9606 19 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: IEA); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:7864805); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA) PMID:2322567; 7668294; 7864805; 8043031; 8587134; 9890157; 10353262; 10493259; 11960914; 12325023; 12477932; 15128046; 16636685; 22890016 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 7 Ensembl:ENSG00000198077 HGNC:2611 HPRD:07453 MIM:608054 Vega:OTTHUMG00000182715 Other designations: cytochrome P450 2A7|cytochrome P450 IIA4|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIA (phenobarbital-inducible), polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450IIA4 CYP2A7 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP37 CYPIIIA7 P450-HFLA WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP3A7 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7 1551 7q21-q22.1 9606 7 GO_0004497 (EC: ISS); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:2722762); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA) PMID:1562592; 2492179; 2722762; 2786707; 7894497; 8694864; 9644715; 9890157; 10950848; 11093772; 11137287; 11266076; 11940601; 12406645; 12477932; 12485945; 12690205; 12865317; 14569421; 15128046; 15319333; 15489334; 15698577; 15937338; 15985487; 16041241; 16314882; 16430309; 16635807; 17334880; 17559345; 17582393; 17604264; 17885626; 17936930; 18406467; 18445661; 18537580; 18676680; 18978522; 19064572; 19170196; 19275551; 19343046; 19424794; 19585271; 19593168; 19625176; 19692168; 19801957; 19842932; 20118548; 20147896; 20345875; 20529763; 20615193; 20621111; 20634891; 20637317; 22253426; 22277676; 23143891 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7 Ensembl:ENSG00000160870 HGNC:2640 HPRD:05630 MIM:605340 Vega:OTTHUMG00000156726 Other designations: aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A7|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA, polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450-HFLA|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP3A7 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPAD CYP2A CYPIIA13 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2A13 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 13 1553 19q13.2 9606 19 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA, PMID:17428784); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA) PMID:7581481; 7668294; 8587134; 8889548; 9890157; 10353262; 11016631; 12130698; 12721789; 12920161; 14633739; 15063809; 15115698; 15128046; 15196988; 15222883; 15333516; 15618722; 16316926; 16835796; 17428784; 18669584; 19290787; 19303722; 19343046; 19414505; 19789190; 19812523; 20431511; 20534012; 20568895; 20798279; 20846153; 21473878; 22315333; 22397853; 22696418; 22700965; 22798551; 22890016; 23463547; 23583631; 23602888; 23752126; 23917075 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 13 Ensembl:ENSG00000197838 HGNC:2608 HPRD:07454 MIM:608055 Vega:OTTHUMG00000182762 Other designations: cytochrome P450 2A13|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIA (phenobarbital-inducible), polypeptide 13 CYP2A13 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPB6 CYP2B CYP2B7 CYP2B7P CYPIIB6 EFVM IIB1 P450 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2B6 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily B, polypeptide 6 1555 19q13.2 9606 19 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: IDA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0016712 (EC: IEA); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0017144 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0042180 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:19029318); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758) PMID:2308828; 2573390; 2813061; 2899870; 7668294; 8432525; 8587134; 9179987; 9890157; 10037683; 10471061; 10768437; 11243870; 11298076; 11353758; 11470993; 11602525; 11991950; 12207635; 12242601; 12439223; 12477932; 12490624; 12571232; 12629583; 12642465; 12721789; 12738724; 12814665; 14515060; 14977870; 15039299; 15057824; 15128046; 15178651; 15190123; 15194512; 15248218; 15284537; 15319333; 15383491; 15469410; 15563456; 15572372; 15622315; 15825040; 15864119; 16116487; 16125881; 16183265; 16267764; 16338275; 16392089; 16433869; 16495778; 16506047; 16538176; 16623664; 16772608; 16815693; 16912957; 16951995; 17015050; 17047492; 17054410; 17178267; 17223085; 17235330; 17329992; 17352764; 17356468; 17391322; 17407229; 17455229; 17465455; 17502835; 17559344; 17638512; 17654295; 17682072; 17885627; 17900275; 17918089; 18004205; 18024866; 18057928; 18090046; 18171905; 18223457; 18281305; 18287571; 18303024; 18332083; 18356043; 18496131; 18621926; 18728241; 18784455; 18839779; 18854779; 18978480; 18979093; 18989234; 19005482; 19029318; 19074885; 19076156; 19106084; 19124658; 19144407; 19218571; 19225447; 19228205; 19239339; 19282874; 19290787; 19343046; 19371316; 19376514; 19414633; 19425200; 19433561; 19464434; 19467232; 19474465; 19474786; 19486190; 19531981; 19593168; 19651758; 19659438; 19682083; 19693007; 19696793; 19702527; 19704172; 19779319; 19797611; 19812066; 19833192; 19916993; 19926050; 19944064; 20017669; 20079471; 20089352; 20096935; 20136364; 20137387; 20173083; 20179710; 20307138; 20338069; 20350955; 20361990; 20418888; 20459744; 20517174; 20529763; 20583967; 20602615; 20610889; 20622021; 20624854; 20625352; 20639527; 20642445; 20662624; 20668445; 20677014; 20696882; 20720517; 20723261; 20734064; 20841522; 20860463; 20861742; 20876786; 20878158; 20881953; 20952238; 20952418; 20966044; 20970553; 21108329; 21156812; 21158011; 21169260; 21486104; 21694616; 21715435; 21741706; 21746968; 21790905; 21821736; 21886015; 22232427; 22281205; 22397853; 22462748; 22471906; 22519658; 22680342; 22685215; 22815312; 22909231; 22936314; 22942317; 22950382; 23238783; 23249875; 23254426; 23288240; 23298916; 23344581; 23418033; 23524664; 23539296; 23550066; 23615745; 23687222; 23746185; 23837472; 24128861 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily B, polypeptide 6 Ensembl:ENSG00000197408 HGNC:2615 HPRD:00477 MIM:123930 Vega:OTTHUMG00000182714 Other designations: 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase|cytochrome P450 2B6|cytochrome P450 IIB1|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIB (phenobarbital-inducible), polypeptide 6 CYP2B6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPCJ CYP2C P450C2C P450IIC19 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2C19 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 19 1557 RP11-400G3.4 10q24 9606 10 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0008395 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0016098 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0018675 (EC: IEA); GO_0018676 (EC: IEA); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:3442670); GO_0019899 (EC: IPI, PMID:15680923); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:19029318); GO_0043231 (EC: TAS, PMID:3442670); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046483 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0052741 (EC: IEA); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS) PMID:2009263; 3442670; 7704034; 7969038; 8095407; 8110777; 8195181; 8530044; 8647857; 8894508; 9103550; 9398194; 9435198; 9732415; 9890157; 10022751; 10233205; 10411572; 11037802; 11076863; 11207032; 11240980; 11263781; 11372584; 11474773; 11686476; 11713950; 11763000; 11773867; 11785712; 11791894; 11829201; 11836688; 11865668; 11908757; 11927837; 11950794; 11956668; 12047484; 12121503; 12130704; 12142727; 12171978; 12172336; 12222750; 12235924; 12360109; 12386647; 12419832; 12445035; 12464799; 12468438; 12477932; 12496751; 12534411; 12623762; 12642692; 12656699; 12698310; 12732844; 12809821; 12823155; 12835613; 12879168; 12900870; 12900872; 12919183; 12950145; 12963435; 12975335; 13680037; 14520122; 14583683; 14616425; 14634042; 14634838; 14636465; 14653835; 14659971; 14695703; 14990013; 14998561; 15017629; 15025747; 15039299; 15068562; 15090156; 15119530; 15128046; 15145965; 15164054; 15171646; 15177309; 15205367; 15222046; 15248218; 15284537; 15285851; 15301728; 15319333; 15327595; 15349706; 15371981; 15385836; 15385837; 15447734; 15448955; 15469410; 15496639; 15499191; 15569425; 15590749; 15608563; 15612662; 15639978; 15651900; 15660966; 15662508; 15680923; 15691303; 15691505; 15715938; 15752376; 15776277; 15813658; 15842554; 15855721; 15856433; 15903128; 15932363; 15952098; 15963082; 15963095; 15976989; 16006997; 16012079; 16021435; 16024198; 16025294; 16048566; 16116487; 16133961; 16141610; 16183265; 16198656; 16220110; 16231968; 16232205; 16236141; 16239354; 16261363; 16267764; 16268979; 16307177; 16338275; 16338278; 16338280; 16401082; 16413245; 16487224; 16487225; 16595916; 16638864; 16641871; 16740190; 16771603; 16772608; 16783561; 16789993; 16812949; 16815315; 16815316; 16855453; 16862439; 16863547; 16873909; 16890574; 16890578; 16908943; 16911688; 16912869; 16924387; 16937451; 16946555; 16960452; 17003844; 17047431; 17047492; 17048007; 17052843; 17112810; 17178267; 17201743; 17203292; 17215846; 17269966; 17279092; 17290075; 17295875; 17298483; 17304159; 17357148; 17358097; 17377957; 17407229; 17410461; 17417917; 17418993; 17424941; 17433262; 17439410; 17450472; 17455109; 17487889; 17502835; 17504998; 17559380; 17562299; 17623107; 17625515; 17635176; 17635181; 17666363; 17667801; 17667959; 17680025; 17681590; 17697139; 17697203; 17827141; 17868191; 17875119; 17900275; 17909762; 17922881; 17924835; 17934830; 17966194; 17978853; 17992535; 18004210; 18021343; 18024866; 18057705; 18061941; 18154472; 18205890; 18211619; 18214455; 18223462; 18224311; 18231117; 18240903; 18240905; 18241283; 18241287; 18294333; 18312490; 18319058; 18323861; 18346178; 18356043; 18382661; 18394438; 18399167; 18423013; 18425152; 18466100; 18482659; 18496131; 18496682; 18510611; 18511451; 18518848; 18520596; 18520598; 18521743; 18532997; 18551037; 18577829; 18581106; 18637061; 18641551; 18644391; 18654768; 18676680; 18677622; 18702650; 18751689; 18765869; 18781853; 18823430; 18854779; 18854824; 18936436; 18957504; 18979093; 18982321; 18996102; 19002442; 19025845; 19029318; 19033450; 19038035; 19069365; 19074885; 19102714; 19106083; 19106084; 19108880; 19129087; 19136640; 19139162; 19151603; 19156902; 19164093; 19166419; 19169185; 19170196; 19172254; 19176055; 19192051; 19193675; 19193970; 19199010; 19219744; 19220726; 19236548; 19238367; 19246508; 19259653; 19261446; 19268736; 19290787; 19299322; 19336370; 19337788; 19343046; 19348299; 19350405; 19398604; 19404631; 19407662; 19414633; 19415745; 19415824; 19424794; 19429918; 19430176; 19474452; 19496924; 19499406; 19516253; 19531897; 19534586; 19546880; 19552744; 19576320; 19578179; 19583677; 19593158; 19593168; 19617466; 19621685; 19624462; 19625176; 19636337; 19638460; 19651758; 19661214; 19692168; 19693007; 19696793; 19702490; 19706858; 19712984; 19745563; 19751749; 19761366; 19773541; 19817997; 19821196; 19823875; 19840783; 19841156; 19847408; 19881258; 19884907; 19890215; 19891553; 19904250; 19907421; 19926050; 19928008; 19932784; 19933691; 19934793; 19940233; 19942749; 19954515; 19954746; 19956635; 19961004; 19968574; 20002085; 20015960; 20040040; 20064729; 20078610; 20083681; 20088379; 20113968; 20147896; 20163283; 20173083; 20179710; 20206639; 20207952; 20223877; 20235787; 20236133; 20297661; 20309015; 20349052; 20350051; 20350136; 20351750; 20356512; 20358205; 20360782; 20373852; 20376628; 20390258; 20414645; 20430047; 20457439; 20460345; 20468063; 20492431; 20492467; 20492469; 20499227; 20510210; 20528170; 20529763; 20531370; 20533108; 20549256; 20549497; 20559522; 20565970; 20573087; 20581929; 20602612; 20602615; 20620727; 20633187; 20637959; 20650435; 20665013; 20669013; 20673183; 20679960; 20684753; 20708365; 20716239; 20716514; 20724801; 20801494; 20801498; 20804307; 20823393; 20826260; 20831535; 20831536; 20831548; 20833683; 20838991; 20845077; 20845310; 20857895; 20863179; 20885015; 20890775; 20924183; 20926021; 20941486; 20965456; 20970553; 20976881; 20978260; 20979470; 21038076; 21047200; 21054462; 21054464; 21071160; 21075428; 21079055; 21099121; 21108329; 21108610; 21132257; 21152987; 21160212; 21173785; 21192344; 21212520; 21215696; 21237322; 21247447; 21299635; 21302482; 21315147; 21332417; 21358751; 21380557; 21473286; 21497341; 21507170; 21511217; 21511219; 21527445; 21627593; 21628721; 21689142; 21692828; 21741706; 21766908; 21777277; 21778720; 21786436; 21794898; 21795468; 21798861; 21803320; 21806387; 21826689; 21831410; 21861665; 21862109; 21887904; 21913914; 21913948; 21916910; 21971440; 21972404; 21977947; 22007612; 22028352; 22030270; 22045970; 22070512; 22071359; 22088240; 22116003; 22118006; 22122271; 22123356; 22154242; 22180071; 22183943; 22228204; 22281205; 22304323; 22318618; 22324425; 22374717; 22377481; 22418828; 22425806; 22450429; 22469723; 22476388; 22491019; 22552318; 22585284; 22589111; 22591668; 22612904; 22624833; 22641027; 22648560; 22704413; 22747643; 22785462; 22839512; 22855348; 22873740; 22875498; 22875511; 22913530; 22929815; 22955794; 22971905; 22974728; 22984423; 23001453; 23016454; 23074110; 23081704; 23118231; 23148634; 23175667; 23179471; 23193974; 23257377; 23267857; 23337798; 23340030; 23364775; 23412869; 23413279; 23429358; 23469989; 23470885; 23474843; 23506580; 23517020; 23551241; 23555019; 23556336; 23588332; 23607088; 23618682; 23623526; 23640828; 23645039; 23646118; 23700873; 23736997; 23754447; 23755828; 23793025; 23872648; 23874401; 23886632; 23895809; 24015291; 24088005; 24169346; 24501942 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 19 HGNC:2621 HPRD:00486 MIM:124020 Other designations: (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase|(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase|(S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase|CYPIIC17|CYPIIC19|S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase|cytochrome P-450 II C|cytochrome P450 2C19|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIC (mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase), polypeptide 19|cytochrome P450-11A|cytochrome P450-254C|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase|mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2C19 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPC8 CYPIIC8 MP-12/MP-20 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2C8 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8 1558 10q23.33 9606 10 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006082 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0034875 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0070989 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS) PMID:1707679; 2009263; 2216732; 2729895; 3196692; 3500169; 3697070; 7574697; 7704034; 7841444; 8530044; 8870687; 9586955; 9797707; 9842986; 9890157; 10487415; 10704292; 10768437; 10874126; 11668219; 12429347; 12435384; 12477932; 12756196; 12756206; 12920163; 12936704; 14534525; 14646690; 14676196; 15028279; 15039299; 15074466; 15128046; 15289789; 15319333; 15469410; 15469873; 15606441; 15716363; 15785959; 15864120; 15901749; 15933212; 15961978; 16025294; 16141797; 16164496; 16202848; 16253141; 16299241; 16359408; 16372821; 16385451; 16390351; 16475901; 16538176; 16646575; 16856883; 16957870; 17048007; 17175891; 17178266; 17224914; 17241877; 17373732; 17429317; 17558302; 17627038; 17635176; 17670841; 17701008; 17913794; 17923851; 17925548; 17975119; 18216720; 18303964; 18413310; 18496133; 18548238; 18574320; 18594024; 18619574; 18694831; 18769365; 18779360; 18992346; 19023099; 19064572; 19074885; 19129086; 19143748; 19290787; 19339270; 19343046; 19381162; 19415824; 19460752; 19470925; 19480553; 19504558; 19651758; 19706858; 19761371; 19773535; 19833260; 19913121; 19935798; 19954515; 20013305; 20031551; 20136364; 20173083; 20190184; 20212519; 20214592; 20368717; 20375710; 20379614; 20389299; 20436375; 20437850; 20523106; 20529763; 20602612; 20602615; 20628086; 20665013; 20808793; 20848147; 20857895; 20890775; 20970553; 21047199; 21054465; 21059750; 21081644; 21163940; 21173785; 21214863; 21245287; 21270106; 21375401; 21685474; 21697463; 21697548; 21778352; 21791871; 21798861; 21838784; 21977947; 22027337; 22028317; 22028915; 22242967; 22313047; 22339777; 22491019; 22527101; 22542470; 22625877; 22723340; 23118231; 23171856; 23307233; 23336573; 23413280; 23426382; 23755828 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8 Ensembl:ENSG00000138115 HGNC:2622 HPRD:03083 MIM:601129 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018804 Other designations: P450 form 1|cytochrome P450 2C8|cytochrome P450 IIC2|cytochrome P450 MP-12|cytochrome P450 MP-20|cytochrome P450 form 1|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIC (mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase), polypeptide 8|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|s-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2C8 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPC9 CYP2C CYP2C10 CYPIIC9 P450IIC9 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2C9 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9 1559 RP11-208C17.6 10q24 9606 10 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0004497 (EC: NAS, PMID:2827463); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19448135); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0008395 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0016098 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0017144 (EC: IMP); GO_0018675 (EC: IEA); GO_0018676 (EC: IEA); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0019627 (EC: IDA, PMID:19029318); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0032787 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0034875 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0042737 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA, PMID:9618440); GO_0043231 (EC: TAS, PMID:2827463); GO_0043603 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0052741 (EC: IEA); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0070989 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS) PMID:1445376; 1857342; 2009263; 2025243; 2827463; 2963808; 3032244; 3079764; 3196692; 3243766; 3697070; 7704034; 7841444; 8095407; 8215449; 8333835; 8530044; 8809086; 8946475; 9110362; 9398194; 9618440; 9663807; 9890157; 10073515; 10704292; 10739176; 11127854; 11186133; 11298075; 11325819; 11372590; 11397381; 11422024; 11434505; 11455026; 11503012; 11588061; 11678789; 11697742; 11740344; 11833786; 11876753; 11893129; 11908757; 11911968; 11926893; 11950794; 11956512; 11960920; 11991950; 12010835; 12047484; 12152005; 12181452; 12207635; 12235454; 12359989; 12360109; 12406644; 12414349; 12419832; 12426520; 12435384; 12445031; 12451434; 12464247; 12477932; 12496751; 12509498; 12534640; 12559973; 12603175; 12621390; 12634980; 12668916; 12682803; 12698304; 12728288; 12732844; 12734606; 12800253; 12803577; 12805007; 12844136; 12861225; 12879168; 12891229; 12900870; 12913403; 12950145; 14500040; 14504850; 14520122; 14583800; 14614357; 14616425; 14634042; 14634838; 14646690; 14656880; 14661864; 14676821; 14691573; 14691574; 14707031; 14726986; 14739630; 15001971; 15001972; 15005635; 15024534; 15039299; 15048614; 15050794; 15061384; 15066644; 15070684; 15090156; 15100169; 15102864; 15116052; 15116053; 15128046; 15128048; 15145963; 15175798; 15177309; 15197523; 15199455; 15213846; 15222661; 15226678; 15229460; 15248218; 15260906; 15284535; 15284536; 15289788; 15290664; 15369736; 15370961; 15371982; 15385837; 15452553; 15469410; 15536456; 15569425; 15569819; 15588114; 15592327; 15606435; 15606441; 15608560; 15617742; 15632378; 15660966; 15691505; 15714076; 15742978; 15776277; 15790782; 15795654; 15813658; 15824753; 15841315; 15842554; 15855721; 15888487; 15889670; 15896241; 15900281; 15900282; 15919766; 15924351; 15940194; 15947090; 15961979; 15963101; 15970795; 16006997; 16025294; 16082538; 16094537; 16099926; 16111713; 16116487; 16141794; 16141797; 16160068; 16183265; 16187974; 16198655; 16198656; 16202848; 16220110; 16232205; 16236141; 16253141; 16268502; 16297214; 16303885; 16305586; 16305587; 16321620; 16325295; 16338275; 16342679; 16372821; 16385451; 16401082; 16413010; 16424822; 16432637; 16538176; 16541193; 16552506; 16580898; 16595916; 16611750; 16627267; 16630605; 16635054; 16638864; 16639745; 16646575; 16676068; 16699986; 16708125; 16740353; 16749864; 16771603; 16784736; 16797247; 16815313; 16847429; 16847664; 16863464; 16873909; 16878445; 16882880; 16890578; 16924387; 16957870; 16969365; 16985026; 16985032; 17015052; 17048007; 17049586; 17085674; 17110455; 17111199; 17157122; 17167248; 17178267; 17192772; 17201743; 17226852; 17269966; 17279092; 17298483; 17301738; 17304159; 17324110; 17325732; 17329986; 17332144; 17368604; 17391071; 17397249; 17413769; 17418993; 17419358; 17446262; 17460547; 17479200; 17504998; 17510308; 17558303; 17562299; 17572144; 17577464; 17596133; 17596671; 17597710; 17603219; 17627011; 17627038; 17635176; 17635181; 17635185; 17653141; 17681167; 17686967; 17721328; 17764537; 17827141; 17827526; 17849045; 17851566; 17868191; 17895500; 17899045; 17900275; 17955230; 17989110; 18021343; 18024866; 18030307; 18034618; 18034619; 18061941; 18154472; 18183038; 18204476; 18211048; 18216720; 18231117; 18240903; 18240905; 18252229; 18281915; 18303964; 18305455; 18310303; 18315785; 18322281; 18340006; 18356043; 18370846; 18375260; 18378563; 18399713; 18419640; 18425152; 18429757; 18466099; 18480003; 18485885; 18496131; 18496133; 18496682; 18510611; 18511451; 18516070; 18535201; 18542936; 18548238; 18552123; 18559094; 18570163; 18574025; 18597650; 18619574; 18629445; 18662264; 18669935; 18680736; 18681789; 18690342; 18694831; 18698879; 18754001; 18754597; 18756910; 18781852; 18793590; 18816302; 18836275; 18854779; 18855533; 18922023; 18936436; 18950464; 18971529; 18990750; 18992148; 18992263; 18992346; 18996102; 19005461; 19010418; 19018719; 19026171; 19029318; 19031075; 19053752; 19064572; 19074728; 19074885; 19077919; 19082874; 19099951; 19106084; 19117406; 19135231; 19136640; 19139476; 19151603; 19164093; 19177029; 19181737; 19192051; 19199010; 19202563; 19207028; 19219744; 19221727; 19223558; 19225451; 19233181; 19233910; 19258521; 19280158; 19290787; 19297219; 19300499; 19319511; 19324988; 19336370; 19337788; 19339270; 19343046; 19350405; 19369937; 19381162; 19381164; 19387626; 19414633; 19415745; 19415824; 19420105; 19424794; 19448135; 19450127; 19474452; 19480553; 19495518; 19534586; 19538716; 19538885; 19541511; 19541829; 19545555; 19546880; 19567378; 19578179; 19581657; 19593158; 19593168; 19593208; 19604036; 19605743; 19615687; 19617466; 19651758; 19652664; 19663669; 19663817; 19669737; 19692168; 19696793; 19706858; 19736056; 19745563; 19761366; 19794411; 19822571; 19823875; 19833260; 19847408; 19874474; 19881396; 19891553; 19891554; 19899329; 19903527; 19913121; 19925388; 19926050; 19934028; 19934793; 19935798; 19941044; 19942260; 19952982; 19954515; 19956635; 19958090; 19995889; 20020283; 20029944; 20031551; 20043560; 20064729; 20072124; 20073138; 20075209; 20088379; 20089352; 20102361; 20117066; 20121287; 20131310; 20136364; 20147896; 20149073; 20150829; 20167002; 20173083; 20179710; 20204461; 20207952; 20210733; 20226775; 20228265; 20235787; 20297661; 20339191; 20339978; 20351714; 20354686; 20359257; 20373852; 20375710; 20375999; 20376629; 20381283; 20386359; 20390258; 20403997; 20421126; 20430047; 20434758; 20436375; 20437850; 20442691; 20445534; 20453000; 20458343; 20459419; 20459744; 20488169; 20499136; 20504253; 20529763; 20553802; 20555338; 20569971; 20585445; 20585834; 20597268; 20602612; 20602615; 20602621; 20615525; 20628086; 20637959; 20653674; 20653676; 20656072; 20665013; 20677151; 20679960; 20709439; 20716240; 20722625; 20733952; 20808793; 20811787; 20815369; 20831047; 20831536; 20833655; 20833683; 20833980; 20842355; 20845310; 20852447; 20854800; 20857895; 20884456; 20885015; 20930419; 20937634; 20941486; 20946155; 20962433; 20970553; 21044367; 21047199; 21057703; 21063236; 21068649; 21071160; 21108610; 21110192; 21148049; 21160360; 21163940; 21167292; 21173785; 21213107; 21215088; 21248432; 21292004; 21334530; 21371265; 21375401; 21451434; 21493749; 21533175; 21537551; 21544933; 21597400; 21605066; 21638223; 21639946; 21651319; 21691805; 21692828; 21725053; 21757329; 21766908; 21768671; 21786578; 21798861; 21852944; 21861665; 21883387; 21977947; 21985811; 21988832; 22023024; 22075408; 22075505; 22108774; 22188360; 22198820; 22252093; 22272893; 22288731; 22289258; 22290467; 22294058; 22378156; 22393834; 22409277; 22452429; 22528326; 22533669; 22534826; 22542470; 22547083; 22571356; 22589111; 22641027; 22735459; 22808915; 22842957; 22854539; 22855348; 22918969; 22941809; 22952875; 23065265; 23081681; 23081704; 23089473; 23099353; 23113310; 23118231; 23145098; 23159358; 23159639; 23171336; 23183958; 23201087; 23279643; 23376925; 23446815; 23469989; 23473641; 23481074; 23556337; 23563037; 23577132; 23582453; 23586031; 23615745; 23651023; 23726967; 23732294; 23755828; 23774101; 23863877; 23930675 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9 Ensembl:ENSG00000138109 HGNC:2623 HPRD:03084 MIM:601130 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018805 Other designations: cytochrome P-450 S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase|cytochrome P-450MP|cytochrome P450 2C9|cytochrome P450 PB-1|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2C9 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPCI CYP2C CYP2C17 P450-6B/29C P450IIC17 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2C18 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 18 1562 RP11-466J14.4 10q24 9606 10 GO_0004497 (EC: TAS, PMID:8110777); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:8110777); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA) PMID:1306110; 1896026; 2009263; 7704034; 8095407; 8110777; 8125298; 8333835; 9028867; 9154796; 9797707; 9890157; 10487415; 10704292; 10768437; 11093772; 12378636; 12477932; 12694732; 15128046; 15164054; 15302935; 15319333; 15489334; 16359177; 16385451; 17048007; 17207965; 19038035; 19074885; 19204726; 19290787; 19578179; 19706858; 19751749; 19958090; 20045989; 20453000; 20529763; 21163940; 21798861; 21988832; 23755828 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 18 Ensembl:ENSG00000108242 HGNC:2620 HPRD:03085 MIM:601131 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018796 Other designations: (S)-mephenytoin hydroxylase associated cytochrome P450|CYPIIC18|cytochrome P450 2C18|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIC (mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase), polypeptide 17|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIC (mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase), polypeptide 18|cytochrome P450-6B/29C|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|unspecific monooxygenase CYP2C18 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPD6 CYP2D CYP2D7AP CYP2D7BP CYP2D7P2 CYP2D8P2 CYP2DL1 CYPIID6 P450-DB1 P450C2D P450DB1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2D6 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6 1565 RP4-669P10.2 22q13.1 9606 22 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID:19438707); GO_0005783 (EC: TAS, PMID:19438707); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS, PMID:19438707); GO_0008144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19448135); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0009804 (EC: IDA, PMID:19438707); GO_0009820 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0009822 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0016098 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0017144 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA, PMID:16352597); GO_0033076 (EC: IDA, PMID:19448135); GO_0042737 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046483 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0051100 (EC: IDA, PMID:19448135); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0070989 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0090350 (EC: IDA, PMID:19448135) PMID:1673290; 1844820; 1978251; 1978565; 2211621; 2466049; 2574001; 3123997; 3410476; 7845481; 7868129; 7903454; 7927337; 7951238; 8287064; 8449513; 8530011; 8634695; 8655150; 8971426; 9241659; 9264312; 9890157; 10064570; 10233205; 10493260; 10675100; 11037800; 11037802; 11055624; 11097351; 11097352; 11147929; 11204351; 11207030; 11207032; 11214775; 11266079; 11285084; 11291049; 11294012; 11295783; 11303596; 11372584; 11376189; 11422605; 11422615; 11442888; 11470994; 11477317; 11505218; 11505219; 11520401; 11549206; 11560558; 11668217; 11682257; 11702057; 11735606; 11741249; 11750286; 11751440; 11753271; 11753272; 11763000; 11778144; 11791895; 11809184; 11816009; 11829201; 11895912; 11901361; 11927839; 11940091; 12006905; 12063626; 12065557; 12077255; 12089164; 12106691; 12107620; 12142727; 12152006; 12171760; 12171978; 12172215; 12172336; 12175908; 12177686; 12187002; 12191703; 12206675; 12207635; 12210290; 12360109; 12386645; 12386646; 12392820; 12404686; 12419832; 12421483; 12422998; 12426523; 12438554; 12439227; 12446689; 12459840; 12468438; 12477932; 12486288; 12490310; 12503836; 12536989; 12548461; 12569554; 12579870; 12589966; 12610741; 12616663; 12622923; 12629505; 12651805; 12657030; 12691769; 12728976; 12734765; 12743673; 12748560; 12756206; 12756210; 12766554; 12782969; 12784098; 12861292; 12879168; 12879776; 12883230; 12893130; 12900870; 12900872; 12911679; 12915955; 12919180; 12942225; 12950145; 12960748; 12963435; 13680033; 14499311; 14499440; 14514498; 14515061; 14520122; 14557687; 14571354; 14602525; 14624403; 14635107; 14639062; 14640293; 14652703; 14653957; 14658041; 14716707; 14726620; 14726986; 14748763; 14985156; 14991823; 15005635; 15039299; 15048614; 15051713; 15061826; 15068562; 15090156; 15108188; 15115913; 15116051; 15118351; 15128046; 15149890; 15177309; 15205367; 15237854; 15256524; 15260906; 15289790; 15313161; 15319333; 15327587; 15330195; 15349705; 15349706; 15382273; 15461802; 15469410; 15469888; 15470329; 15484318; 15489334; 15499201; 15538128; 15584944; 15588859; 15590749; 15592325; 15618665; 15625333; 15632378; 15646732; 15648054; 15651900; 15669884; 15680923; 15690482; 15691505; 15708542; 15726636; 15729081; 15731591; 15764408; 15768052; 15769360; 15770075; 15774926; 15813658; 15817819; 15820320; 15843230; 15855722; 15861039; 15914211; 15932952; 15952058; 15970126; 15987423; 16006997; 16024198; 16025294; 16037945; 16048566; 16079496; 16130179; 16141609; 16160620; 16162505; 16189709; 16198657; 16205777; 16220080; 16236141; 16239355; 16249913; 16272752; 16283274; 16294366; 16315032; 16337409; 16352597; 16361630; 16401082; 16415111; 16423440; 16459354; 16466686; 16476126; 16478753; 16490169; 16493615; 16534507; 16537246; 16544144; 16550211; 16551910; 16584388; 16595916; 16611538; 16633140; 16633141; 16638736; 16638864; 16642541; 16679388; 16712791; 16716118; 16771603; 16775389; 16778723; 16812949; 16815318; 16819548; 16833023; 16835697; 16845507; 16849011; 16855473; 16858124; 16864175; 16880622; 16924387; 16960721; 17038884; 17089107; 17102541; 17113562; 17115111; 17178267; 17186005; 17194620; 17224713; 17225875; 17234366; 17241532; 17242628; 17244352; 17250723; 17259947; 17270484; 17289397; 17297618; 17301689; 17304721; 17311358; 17324244; 17325735; 17329852; 17361124; 17374963; 17392730; 17418993; 17431033; 17442289; 17449559; 17450472; 17454842; 17460029; 17470523; 17479406; 17503978; 17517247; 17530572; 17536768; 17541883; 17547692; 17554527; 17568504; 17570739; 17573783; 17581325; 17609736; 17610534; 17624022; 17635181; 17635183; 17667795; 17667959; 17697394; 17700359; 17701031; 17713466; 17714084; 17715206; 17725248; 17761971; 17764479; 17803873; 17828532; 17882159; 17908053; 17909762; 17921051; 17947222; 17957765; 17965519; 17965522; 17966194; 17971818; 17992535; 18024866; 18034624; 18048313; 18061941; 18070221; 18075468; 18086475; 18165569; 18167502; 18183034; 18197300; 18202841; 18204346; 18211048; 18214456; 18214849; 18223460; 18231117; 18240905; 18258609; 18261353; 18280655; 18287869; 18294285; 18300942; 18304900; 18317231; 18327668; 18346175; 18346782; 18356043; 18372530; 18382661; 18384443; 18401578; 18407954; 18414197; 18423013; 18425152; 18425996; 18429752; 18433425; 18445827; 18474629; 18474679; 18480698; 18520596; 18520597; 18543297; 18545991; 18547414; 18551040; 18553077; 18583979; 18597648; 18618215; 18625943; 18632250; 18641553; 18648788; 18663559; 18666237; 18676680; 18681789; 18690546; 18698000; 18708991; 18713907; 18719619; 18725510; 18728242; 18754843; 18784265; 18784654; 18794098; 18794105; 18797858; 18818748; 18827765; 18834373; 18840375; 18927241; 18958918; 18978520; 18979093; 18996102; 19000552; 19000940; 19001559; 19019335; 19024387; 19025845; 19032724; 19033450; 19037197; 19047159; 19071885; 19082882; 19094446; 19095219; 19142106; 19151603; 19153830; 19156902; 19162321; 19164093; 19169185; 19170196; 19189210; 19189212; 19192051; 19194367; 19219744; 19219857; 19225771; 19242697; 19284319; 19290787; 19296901; 19303860; 19308365; 19320528; 19330589; 19336370; 19343046; 19350405; 19356055; 19357842; 19364831; 19365402; 19374513; 19387424; 19387994; 19395173; 19405050; 19421167; 19429471; 19437119; 19438707; 19444434; 19448135; 19470220; 19474452; 19512959; 19521114; 19523031; 19527514; 19537956; 19575027; 19593158; 19593168; 19593180; 19593802; 19596663; 19597703; 19604081; 19604084; 19604091; 19625176; 19636337; 19651758; 19652678; 19656108; 19660006; 19692168; 19694742; 19702490; 19710640; 19710642; 19715474; 19719813; 19738170; 19761369; 19781968; 19797609; 19809024; 19823875; 19833260; 19840783; 19866496; 19887477; 19891553; 19892789; 19902987; 19907421; 19910717; 19937844; 19940985; 19946748; 19947517; 19953095; 19954080; 19954746; 19956635; 19995332; 19997080; 20007670; 20009880; 20031551; 20041956; 20075642; 20081063; 20118554; 20124171; 20133509; 20136364; 20137387; 20147896; 20173083; 20174590; 20185366; 20195825; 20201714; 20205348; 20206139; 20225176; 20297661; 20305604; 20309015; 20332423; 20335142; 20350136; 20364044; 20368706; 20373852; 20375710; 20385997; 20421845; 20430047; 20432045; 20435235; 20454926; 20456744; 20459744; 20461808; 20467479; 20473659; 20489028; 20492431; 20515869; 20520586; 20530222; 20531370; 20547595; 20563569; 20565970; 20574415; 20588073; 20590587; 20590588; 20597905; 20599499; 20602615; 20628863; 20634891; 20643254; 20656020; 20656072; 20679960; 20684753; 20686235; 20700584; 20701904; 20727252; 20731819; 20799519; 20809362; 20814331; 20827267; 20828547; 20846929; 20849243; 20851451; 20857895; 20859244; 20863179; 20877299; 20877302; 20878561; 20881950; 20925579; 20970553; 21063774; 21071160; 21072184; 21108610; 21135868; 21140323; 21173786; 21241245; 21248727; 21321564; 21391885; 21430657; 21433154; 21437611; 21449914; 21456632; 21485696; 21486104; 21518482; 21527579; 21543662; 21589866; 21596874; 21599570; 21605066; 21631295; 21677335; 21728792; 21743374; 21749835; 21787170; 21797939; 21803659; 21821735; 21823108; 21826689; 21835244; 21840870; 21860550; 21861665; 21880792; 21907728; 21913948; 21918425; 21956465; 21958961; 21971440; 21989258; 22039821; 22092298; 22109568; 22141351; 22159753; 22180068; 22180372; 22198443; 22216145; 22245658; 22277677; 22281720; 22301406; 22303032; 22308038; 22324840; 22355045; 22398969; 22399238; 22428763; 22459173; 22497725; 22531512; 22623212; 22623266; 22661184; 22688624; 22700965; 22735900; 22775532; 22777153; 22803153; 22905959; 22913530; 22929407; 22948856; 22986607; 22994728; 23167378; 23207012; 23212934; 23213055; 23258538; 23277250; 23280482; 23289191; 23292115; 23350374; 23357843; 23394389; 23469064; 23471717; 23503455; 23552177; 23555934; 23558964; 23570465; 23609392; 23644254; 23664723; 23686417; 23691026; 23700791; 23712329; 23733622; 23734807; 23737191; 23781139; 23803265; 23809878; 23842856; 23851570; 23855716; 23870808; 23872830; 23893861 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6 Ensembl:ENSG00000100197 HGNC:2625 HPRD:00487 MIM:124030 Vega:OTTHUMG00000150918 Other designations: cytochrome P450 2D6|cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 7 pseudogene 2|cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 8 pseudogene 2|cytochrome P450, subfamily II (debrisoquine, sparteine, etc., -metabolising), polypeptide 7 pseudogene 2|cytochrome P450, subfamily IID (debrisoquine, sparteine, etc., -metabolising), polypeptide 8 pseudogene 2|cytochrome P450, subfamily IID (debrisoquine, sparteine, etc., -metabolizing), polypeptide 6|cytochrome P450, subfamily IID (debrisoquine, sparteine, etc., -metabolizing)-like 1|cytochrome P450-DB1|debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2D6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPE1 CYP2E P450-J P450C2E WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2E1 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, polypeptide 1 1571 10q26.3 9606 10 GO_0000139 (EC: IEA); GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006641 (EC: IEA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0010193 (EC: IEA); GO_0010243 (EC: IEA); GO_0016098 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016709 (EC: TAS, PMID:18818195); GO_0016712 (EC: IEA); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:19219744); GO_0017144 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:3233219); GO_0019899 (EC: IPI, PMID:15680923); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA, PMID:18818195); GO_0031227 (EC: IEA); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA); GO_0046483 (EC: IDA, PMID:19651758); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082) PMID:1719479; 1778977; 2587619; 3233219; 3675576; 3782137; 7529759; 7733943; 7773503; 8031147; 8307581; 8809087; 9058590; 9129165; 9398194; 9834965; 9890157; 9918138; 10620320; 10731522; 10741631; 11051375; 11104220; 11191882; 11198676; 11207032; 11236836; 11259352; 11263781; 11275366; 11305777; 11331106; 11377232; 11389775; 11406608; 11410713; 11422615; 11503278; 11520401; 11535247; 11535253; 11641039; 11675150; 11696658; 11697456; 11700262; 11701230; 11719088; 11746208; 11748356; 11751440; 11756225; 11766168; 11774269; 11776598; 11782477; 11798822; 11802217; 11815398; 11854903; 11869835; 11895912; 11907164; 11911601; 11960914; 11964928; 11966948; 12010862; 12047484; 12055050; 12063626; 12080432; 12115524; 12172927; 12198369; 12211622; 12351530; 12355548; 12365037; 12376502; 12376511; 12397416; 12403788; 12452057; 12454736; 12460800; 12469218; 12477932; 12490624; 12540498; 12548461; 12552594; 12554615; 12561466; 12563175; 12569554; 12579334; 12601351; 12668988; 12705718; 12707490; 12710951; 12718576; 12718671; 12721789; 12732844; 12738724; 12739102; 12759747; 12760253; 12767509; 12771559; 12774019; 12777398; 12777962; 12777965; 12813050; 12824748; 12824892; 12851035; 12860273; 12883487; 12883749; 12915519; 12939804; 12940444; 12960506; 14499622; 14500779; 14510941; 14527082; 14535982; 14578150; 14606109; 14634838; 14646291; 14661969; 14669323; 14681495; 14691069; 14695651; 14695664; 14696128; 14751678; 14757192; 14991750; 15036355; 15039299; 15061915; 15064998; 15066574; 15112335; 15125228; 15128046; 15138035; 15162526; 15177663; 15182482; 15215328; 15220553; 15226677; 15289170; 15318112; 15327835; 15349722; 15355699; 15370874; 15469410; 15491310; 15519646; 15532721; 15536330; 15632182; 15633127; 15640066; 15646021; 15660387; 15680923; 15712341; 15714076; 15734972; 15753073; 15763499; 15769360; 15774926; 15780023; 15793883; 15849806; 15899651; 15902904; 15914211; 15914277; 15928955; 15938845; 15952134; 15961886; 15968714; 15991278; 16006997; 16019049; 16039674; 16043197; 16052683; 16125881; 16126235; 16137184; 16142352; 16172237; 16235983; 16235992; 16253141; 16311924; 16324524; 16337880; 16365683; 16372174; 16380384; 16385451; 16393248; 16401082; 16424825; 16425414; 16440362; 16459354; 16470306; 16471212; 16484137; 16488179; 16497268; 16535827; 16551616; 16600530; 16634857; 16679316; 16720291; 16721740; 16758119; 16770646; 16834659; 16837478; 16841220; 16962935; 16985026; 16985032; 17007050; 17016589; 17022435; 17034788; 17059334; 17078101; 17118447; 17119198; 17119944; 17134659; 17146594; 17156750; 17176083; 17178637; 17219769; 17264406; 17284772; 17292341; 17331164; 17361553; 17367411; 17373732; 17380320; 17384900; 17427487; 17440116; 17442289; 17486761; 17498780; 17559142; 17564586; 17577619; 17584020; 17603900; 17611777; 17617119; 17627011; 17659824; 17695473; 17885617; 17916905; 17935737; 17950035; 17963298; 17996038; 18025800; 18028774; 18034693; 18056994; 18211048; 18218609; 18231117; 18258609; 18261353; 18304215; 18322963; 18327668; 18356043; 18369917; 18418580; 18420361; 18423013; 18446064; 18460770; 18466102; 18472009; 18473182; 18497573; 18507060; 18510611; 18544910; 18550589; 18569579; 18569587; 18569591; 18628434; 18636124; 18642288; 18645668; 18663376; 18676680; 18698632; 18713495; 18715838; 18726416; 18769766; 18773092; 18798002; 18798003; 18801337; 18818195; 18936436; 18990750; 18992148; 19012698; 19058336; 19064572; 19074885; 19096130; 19115622; 19124503; 19131562; 19157621; 19157724; 19170196; 19190172; 19219744; 19230487; 19250143; 19267064; 19288740; 19290787; 19334053; 19336370; 19339548; 19343046; 19351467; 19357030; 19381774; 19382518; 19390575; 19428381; 19442564; 19481674; 19484729; 19489076; 19492240; 19506726; 19521675; 19528831; 19537956; 19575027; 19625176; 19643819; 19651758; 19655364; 19686770; 19692168; 19706845; 19751749; 19761367; 19786980; 19789190; 19796841; 19805575; 19822571; 19826048; 19860798; 19874574; 19887496; 19891553; 19913121; 19927646; 19948975; 19956635; 19958676; 19963114; 19963139; 20026093; 20029944; 20031389; 20093049; 20095411; 20100563; 20100738; 20101753; 20102722; 20117323; 20131310; 20171022; 20173083; 20180013; 20195803; 20364586; 20392357; 20394984; 20401433; 20404016; 20406102; 20426969; 20437058; 20453000; 20463018; 20511665; 20529763; 20554493; 20556843; 20576306; 20598484; 20602615; 20628086; 20634891; 20637790; 20661821; 20663217; 20675267; 20692331; 20715111; 20819434; 20932821; 20939108; 20941486; 20957336; 20958328; 20969746; 21072184; 21076874; 21209460; 21228414; 21261721; 21265876; 21281483; 21295098; 21360299; 21385088; 21553050; 21557999; 21590276; 21705789; 21729529; 21745589; 21856753; 21869556; 21895718; 21988832; 22012226; 22077825; 22088806; 22109568; 22126492; 22155602; 22156006; 22222162; 22228187; 22230367; 22238121; 22249978; 22251540; 22335459; 22342293; 22384697; 22392284; 22436864; 22442693; 22485222; 22506592; 22589738; 22591346; 22606226; 22613106; 22614694; 22761909; 22788240; 22807108; 22815852; 22954124; 22957075; 22997752; 23007992; 23066397; 23077626; 23104821; 23124075; 23131254; 23139769; 23186213; 23193974; 23193996; 23244081; 23251661; 23335995; 23355335; 23363738; 23394127; 23404349; 23418369; 23454624; 23460870; 23471973; 23530020; 23534720; 23583009; 23595220; 23628324; 23632049; 23636797; 23660503; 23707663; 23875638; 23886179; 23934444; 24113184; 24333271 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000130649 HGNC:2631 HPRD:11813 MIM:124040 Vega:OTTHUMG00000019322 Other designations: 4-nitrophenol 2-hydroxylase|CYPIIE1|cytochrome P450 2E1|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIE (ethanol-inducible), polypeptide 1|cytochrome P450-J|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2E1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He C2F1 CYP2F WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2F1 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily F, polypeptide 1 1572 19q13.2 9606 19 GO_0004497 (EC: TAS, PMID:1974816); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0009636 (EC: IEA); GO_0016712 (EC: IDA, PMID:10383923); GO_0018931 (EC: IDA, PMID:10383923); GO_0018979 (EC: IEA); GO_0019825 (EC: IEA); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA, PMID:10383923); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA) PMID:1974816; 2045106; 8432525; 8587134; 8619884; 9539103; 10383923; 11827709; 12477932; 12598524; 15128046; 16883522; 17327131; 17943660; 19343046; 20198857; 22232929; 22397853 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily F, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000197446 HGNC:2632 HPRD:00490 MIM:124070 Vega:OTTHUMG00000167412 Other designations: CYPIIF1|cytochrome P450 2F1|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIF, polypeptide 1|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP2F1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPJ2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP2J2 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily J, polypeptide 2 1573 1p31.3-p31.2 9606 1 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006690 (EC: TAS, PMID:8631948); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS, PMID:11901223); GO_0008016 (EC: TAS, PMID:8631948); GO_0008392 (EC: IDA, PMID:11901223); GO_0008404 (EC: IDA, PMID:11901223); GO_0008405 (EC: IDA, PMID:11901223); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: IDA, PMID:11901223); GO_0019373 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0043651 (EC: IDA, PMID:11901223); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0071614 (EC: IDA, PMID:11901223) PMID:8631948; 8913342; 9048644; 9187259; 9570962; 10065373; 10405341; 10681399; 10828211; 11901223; 12386130; 12477932; 12737630; 14575523; 14702039; 15128046; 15256482; 15361551; 15466638; 15489334; 15861034; 15864120; 16008525; 16182271; 16202848; 16842392; 16957870; 17126841; 17162467; 17286575; 17327508; 17429317; 17470359; 17475630; 17638876; 17705402; 17979511; 18004755; 18216721; 18219097; 18303964; 18496133; 18675280; 18729130; 18769365; 19105833; 19290787; 19420105; 19448409; 19550113; 19576320; 19578796; 19615687; 19823578; 19851119; 19913121; 19923256; 20140850; 20173083; 20379614; 20480811; 20597138; 20628086; 21030485; 21059750; 21642892; 21988832; 22028915; 22232929; 22731644; 22761738; 23155181; 23647230; 23661295; 23684773; 23696562 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily J, polypeptide 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000134716 HGNC:2634 HPRD:03159 MIM:601258 Vega:OTTHUMG00000008991 Other designations: CYPIIJ2|arachidonic acid epoxygenase|cytochrome P450 2J2|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIJ (arachidonic acid epoxygenase) polypeptide 2|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase CYP2J2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP33 CP34 CYP3A CYP3A3 CYPIIIA3 CYPIIIA4 HLP NF-25 P450C3 P450PCN1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP3A4 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 4 1576 7q21.1 9606 7 GO_0004497 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0004497 (EC: ISS); GO_0005496 (EC: IDA, PMID:15256616); GO_0005506 (EC: IDA, PMID:15256616); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID:18446064); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006629 (EC: TAS, PMID:2492107); GO_0006706 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: IMP, PMID:3259858); GO_0008209 (EC: TAS, PMID:19651758); GO_0008395 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0009822 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0016098 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0016712 (EC: IEA); GO_0017144 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:2492107); GO_0019899 (EC: IPI, PMID:15680923); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0030343 (EC: IDA, PMID:15546903); GO_0033780 (EC: IEA); GO_0034875 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0036378 (EC: IDA, PMID:15546903); GO_0042359 (EC: IC, PMID:15546903); GO_0042737 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0042737 (EC: IMP, PMID:18356043); GO_0042738 (EC: IDA, PMID:18619574); GO_0043231 (EC: TAS, PMID:3460094); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046483 (EC: IDA, PMID:15327587); GO_0047638 (EC: IEA); GO_0050591 (EC: IEA); GO_0050649 (EC: IMP, PMID:3259858); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:16401082); GO_0070576 (EC: IDA, PMID:15546903); GO_0070989 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299) PMID:1391968; 2463251; 2492107; 3243766; 3259858; 3267210; 3460094; 3464943; 3898085; 8269949; 9088578; 9394023; 9456308; 9890157; 10222036; 10322772; 10668853; 10933049; 11051261; 11067821; 11137287; 11161840; 11181494; 11266076; 11470997; 11549683; 11714865; 11726664; 11745731; 11749050; 11782366; 11809184; 11875366; 11876753; 11890939; 11907494; 11940601; 11956645; 11991950; 12072427; 12107441; 12130689; 12142725; 12147248; 12151999; 12202670; 12419838; 12439220; 12446983; 12464248; 12477932; 12485945; 12493773; 12532467; 12569554; 12623762; 12644831; 12690205; 12692107; 12695546; 12732844; 12738724; 12747609; 12756206; 12756210; 12809821; 12867495; 12900870; 12900872; 12960109; 12966368; 12969965; 12975335; 14504207; 14515058; 14515059; 14580164; 14640293; 14643022; 14660173; 14681232; 14690448; 14693733; 14697480; 14742674; 15039299; 15114431; 15128046; 15256616; 15258162; 15260917; 15277015; 15307840; 15319333; 15327587; 15334674; 15365656; 15370963; 15379787; 15454728; 15459178; 15462611; 15469410; 15475069; 15496535; 15496639; 15523087; 15540736; 15546903; 15548719; 15592326; 15611481; 15618745; 15622315; 15634941; 15650881; 15680923; 15684873; 15698606; 15707415; 15708356; 15708542; 15713537; 15731117; 15770073; 15770075; 15778453; 15801936; 15817670; 15820320; 15882469; 15896485; 15900215; 15900284; 15901749; 15931768; 15932952; 15981231; 16004554; 16006997; 16059671; 16079101; 16103451; 16109480; 16130011; 16146556; 16172230; 16207150; 16243813; 16267764; 16299241; 16306861; 16314882; 16321621; 16324277; 16338276; 16344560; 16401082; 16414488; 16434211; 16467307; 16507515; 16538176; 16580902; 16608838; 16633141; 16645157; 16684709; 16711396; 16758258; 16765145; 16771603; 16842392; 16862439; 16890574; 16890579; 16906020; 16909599; 16924387; 16954191; 16981844; 16985250; 17007050; 17014074; 17015051; 17042920; 17047492; 17065585; 17083953; 17118447; 17119944; 17162468; 17178267; 17200113; 17220347; 17224914; 17270371; 17279585; 17296590; 17352764; 17357589; 17363580; 17364054; 17367411; 17372239; 17373732; 17392393; 17409981; 17418993; 17429319; 17433262; 17434921; 17460031; 17460547; 17465708; 17495874; 17495878; 17495880; 17498886; 17502835; 17526062; 17526937; 17545536; 17548528; 17548691; 17555301; 17582393; 17601520; 17605821; 17609736; 17615053; 17622974; 17624028; 17634410; 17635182; 17691855; 17697139; 17701008; 17704997; 17724065; 17764444; 17766366; 17827338; 17827444; 17854673; 17880367; 17900275; 17912464; 17918187; 17919092; 17919884; 17922881; 17925385; 17925548; 17952011; 17965521; 17974099; 17985934; 17992531; 18004209; 18004210; 18021343; 18028890; 18052847; 18058330; 18092806; 18097620; 18163429; 18192894; 18211048; 18217151; 18223457; 18231117; 18240903; 18258609; 18268015; 18294295; 18294936; 18309947; 18332045; 18348473; 18356043; 18364084; 18382661; 18385010; 18394438; 18408564; 18431572; 18433425; 18446064; 18496131; 18509327; 18518855; 18528690; 18551040; 18566991; 18569587; 18619574; 18632753; 18636247; 18669585; 18688081; 18704002; 18768784; 18781853; 18784074; 18794335; 18825162; 18854779; 18936436; 18957504; 18976975; 18978522; 18979093; 18981009; 18981011; 18989234; 18996102; 19005401; 19020497; 19027952; 19064572; 19070657; 19074750; 19076156; 19077426; 19103148; 19127255; 19143748; 19206087; 19214745; 19219744; 19225447; 19228205; 19228751; 19232333; 19239339; 19242060; 19258929; 19282874; 19332043; 19337788; 19339270; 19343046; 19343062; 19343327; 19349540; 19350405; 19356113; 19376514; 19395426; 19406954; 19414505; 19420105; 19424794; 19433561; 19451401; 19453261; 19460945; 19470925; 19474452; 19480557; 19505920; 19506580; 19538885; 19546880; 19560436; 19571438; 19574343; 19575027; 19576320; 19591893; 19626470; 19636001; 19651758; 19659438; 19667110; 19692168; 19696793; 19712670; 19727863; 19752211; 19761365; 19762492; 19773538; 19784640; 19797609; 19801957; 19802823; 19812066; 19823875; 19833260; 19842932; 19846565; 19865079; 19907160; 19913121; 19921206; 19926050; 19934400; 19934793; 19937844; 19956635; 19963139; 20007670; 20012430; 20017669; 20027111; 20031551; 20038391; 20068078; 20088394; 20118548; 20136364; 20147837; 20147896; 20171174; 20173083; 20212519; 20213484; 20214802; 20218903; 20235787; 20338069; 20350051; 20350136; 20354687; 20361990; 20386561; 20389299; 20395213; 20403997; 20437850; 20453000; 20459744; 20490798; 20505544; 20523106; 20526235; 20529763; 20530282; 20538049; 20538721; 20578904; 20583967; 20588308; 20602612; 20602615; 20604570; 20615193; 20617557; 20621111; 20625352; 20628086; 20630055; 20634197; 20642445; 20654748; 20656072; 20679960; 20682687; 20697309; 20715157; 20734064; 20809279; 20812728; 20833683; 20841961; 20847137; 20849814; 20861742; 20863320; 20879989; 20884258; 20931330; 20951982; 20959500; 20970553; 21047202; 21063236; 21071160; 21072155; 21072184; 21081028; 21081644; 21114969; 21169260; 21177853; 21186373; 21199372; 21207936; 21209460; 21223952; 21292004; 21342487; 21380731; 21402137; 21402692; 21412247; 21433154; 21471209; 21493872; 21513075; 21566342; 21605066; 21692828; 21750466; 21767526; 21798277; 21835977; 21838784; 21863748; 21886157; 21902501; 21902502; 21903774; 21916909; 21925256; 21940338; 21952236; 21963990; 21964586; 21988832; 21992114; 21996064; 21998292; 22050110; 22076448; 22094027; 22096084; 22101235; 22106171; 22108774; 22157006; 22194603; 22277676; 22292071; 22333269; 22369694; 22388796; 22472546; 22510778; 22517972; 22562045; 22617232; 22621802; 22645092; 22677141; 22696420; 22699155; 22728071; 22741198; 22763214; 22773874; 22885098; 22906825; 22945461; 22971138; 22985909; 22990330; 22993851; 23090875; 23107770; 23129512; 23143891; 23146479; 23160340; 23162896; 23179402; 23212742; 23217392; 23223499; 23252948; 23264496; 23277250; 23290512; 23295386; 23313934; 23320986; 23334403; 23361102; 23400261; 23436703; 23459029; 23469989; 23491640; 23510058; 23527115; 23530020; 23557865; 23574760; 23640974; 23665933; 23715232; 23732298; 23746300; 23780963; 23837477; 23965431; 23977680; 24256945; 24273886 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 4 HGNC:2637 HPRD:00484 MIM:124010 Other designations: 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase|P450-III, steroid inducible|albendazole monooxygenase|albendazole sulfoxidase|cytochrome P450 3A3|cytochrome P450 3A4|cytochrome P450 HLp|cytochrome P450 NF-25|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA (niphedipine oxidase), polypeptide 3|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA (niphedipine oxidase), polypeptide 4|cytochrome P450-PCN1|glucocorticoid-inducible P450|nifedipine oxidase|quinine 3-monooxygenase|taurochenodeoxycholate 6-alpha-hydroxylase CYP3A4 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP35 CYPIIIA5 P450PCN3 PCN3 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP3A5 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 5 1577 7q21.1 9606 7 GO_0004497 (EC: ISS); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS, PMID:2732228); GO_0009822 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0016491 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:2732228); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0042737 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299); GO_0043231 (EC: TAS, PMID:2732228); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA); GO_0070989 (EC: IDA, PMID:15039299) PMID:2732228; 2802615; 7750548; 7811260; 7883227; 7894497; 7895614; 8004129; 8125298; 8569713; 8619878; 8619884; 8694864; 8869826; 8877031; 8889549; 8946469; 9070608; 9364212; 9797707; 9890157; 10069460; 10403825; 11137287; 11266076; 11279519; 11502729; 11726664; 11740341; 11809184; 11836601; 12042671; 12202670; 12242601; 12324482; 12433824; 12439220; 12477932; 12690205; 12692107; 12694732; 12754175; 12756511; 12814460; 12822676; 12853948; 12893984; 12960109; 12966368; 12969965; 12975492; 14504207; 14515058; 14515059; 14647405; 14676821; 14702039; 14747421; 14961555; 15039299; 15114431; 15116055; 15128046; 15167702; 15226679; 15248218; 15252010; 15284534; 15289787; 15319333; 15385835; 15454734; 15469410; 15489334; 15502717; 15548719; 15592326; 15596297; 15596575; 15622315; 15632378; 15634941; 15698606; 15707415; 15708542; 15729180; 15801936; 15808586; 15814280; 15833928; 15876487; 15882469; 15900215; 15900284; 15919447; 15931768; 15952872; 15961978; 15978331; 15981231; 16004554; 16024008; 16086282; 16116487; 16141800; 16160620; 16168193; 16172230; 16188140; 16207150; 16243813; 16249748; 16253141; 16267764; 16272171; 16272955; 16299241; 16306861; 16314882; 16321621; 16338276; 16361630; 16421475; 16424824; 16442753; 16513443; 16584389; 16595916; 16612255; 16612333; 16614106; 16628701; 16638864; 16684709; 16765145; 16765147; 16769602; 16771603; 16772608; 16791115; 16815317; 16822233; 16827636; 16842392; 16847425; 16906018; 16906020; 17015051; 17032130; 17042920; 17047492; 17048977; 17049058; 17049128; 17162466; 17178265; 17178267; 17192506; 17192769; 17198275; 17224914; 17244352; 17264302; 17286792; 17296590; 17329995; 17339868; 17352764; 17358097; 17363580; 17372036; 17373732; 17377957; 17391324; 17395652; 17425754; 17430486; 17443134; 17450472; 17460031; 17495880; 17495881; 17502835; 17510208; 17517050; 17545536; 17554244; 17568575; 17582393; 17605821; 17615053; 17635176; 17635181; 17635182; 17691921; 17700595; 17701008; 17761709; 17827141; 17851225; 17875118; 17885626; 17900275; 17914095; 17922881; 17925548; 17941052; 17979504; 17979523; 17992026; 18021343; 18024866; 18028890; 18058330; 18192894; 18211618; 18212618; 18214455; 18221820; 18223457; 18240903; 18248681; 18294295; 18300941; 18306354; 18309947; 18315786; 18315894; 18319058; 18322448; 18334918; 18382661; 18385010; 18385991; 18394438; 18408564; 18414696; 18429967; 18443548; 18490434; 18496128; 18496131; 18502461; 18509327; 18509328; 18509645; 18518855; 18551040; 18566991; 18582803; 18587567; 18589174; 18597650; 18603015; 18628519; 18636247; 18641551; 18650247; 18688081; 18704002; 18708991; 18727922; 18752284; 18930278; 18936931; 18978522; 18979093; 18981009; 18989234; 18996102; 19005401; 19005461; 19010156; 19033450; 19034006; 19040121; 19064572; 19067682; 19074750; 19076156; 19106083; 19106084; 19114346; 19125240; 19139162; 19141860; 19205682; 19225447; 19228205; 19228751; 19229255; 19239339; 19258929; 19289993; 19290787; 19290795; 19332043; 19337788; 19343046; 19343327; 19349540; 19350405; 19376366; 19376514; 19384171; 19384264; 19414505; 19414633; 19424794; 19470925; 19474452; 19506580; 19516253; 19523815; 19538885; 19545678; 19546880; 19576320; 19584153; 19591893; 19593168; 19636001; 19644155; 19650988; 19659438; 19663817; 19667110; 19693007; 19696793; 19710077; 19730841; 19744012; 19761365; 19762492; 19801957; 19812606; 19817997; 19823770; 19842932; 19855314; 19865079; 19881258; 19904021; 19907160; 19913121; 19916993; 19925383; 19934793; 19946748; 20010459; 20017669; 20030680; 20031551; 20038391; 20040338; 20041908; 20118548; 20133509; 20136364; 20147896; 20160155; 20172323; 20173083; 20179710; 20207952; 20212519; 20214802; 20218903; 20231858; 20235787; 20332423; 20345875; 20354687; 20357698; 20368718; 20383212; 20389299; 20393454; 20395213; 20403997; 20415563; 20430047; 20453000; 20459744; 20479955; 20490798; 20514078; 20526235; 20529763; 20530282; 20565970; 20588203; 20596503; 20602615; 20615193; 20617557; 20621111; 20625352; 20628086; 20630055; 20662624; 20679960; 20696882; 20716514; 20720558; 20818295; 20833683; 20846929; 20860463; 20873239; 20881953; 20931330; 20959405; 20959500; 20970553; 20970601; 20970628; 20970643; 21039054; 21047202; 21072155; 21072184; 21076384; 21081028; 21094057; 21094796; 21094797; 21148251; 21153923; 21165655; 21173786; 21206424; 21209234; 21225912; 21237140; 21265876; 21380731; 21389905; 21418106; 21434577; 21436775; 21493872; 21513075; 21519338; 21544031; 21644845; 21677300; 21698374; 21711429; 21743379; 21770725; 21806386; 21814220; 21839244; 21851254; 21896346; 21916909; 21950641; 21988832; 22007612; 22022918; 22096084; 22210422; 22214815; 22277678; 22292071; 22304537; 22369694; 22511346; 22610055; 22645092; 22696420; 22704849; 22819265; 22875663; 22889968; 22923690; 22993851; 23023417; 23073208; 23107770; 23131698; 23143606; 23143891; 23146466; 23146479; 23149441; 23223499; 23320986; 23354298; 23364483; 23385102; 23432535; 23459029; 23491640; 23557865; 23584898; 23633119; 23700791; 23715232; 23723360; 23734777; 23780963; 23837476; 23845965; 23873120; 23984379 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 5 Ensembl:ENSG00000106258 HGNC:2638 HPRD:05617 MIM:605325 Vega:OTTHUMG00000156724 Other designations: aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A5|cytochrome P450 HLp2|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA (niphedipine oxidase), polypeptide 5|cytochrome P450-PCN3|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase CYP3A5 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP4Y CYP4A2 CYP4AII WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP4A11 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily A, polypeptide 11 1579 1p33 9606 1 GO_0001676 (EC: IDA, PMID:18433732); GO_0003091 (EC: IEP, PMID:10660572); GO_0003095 (EC: IEP, PMID:10660572); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID:10660572); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006631 (EC: TAS, PMID:7679927); GO_0006691 (EC: IDA, PMID:9799565); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008392 (EC: IDA, PMID:9618440); GO_0016324 (EC: IDA, PMID:10660572); GO_0018685 (EC: IDA, PMID:18433732); GO_0019369 (EC: IDA, PMID:10660572); GO_0019369 (EC: TAS); GO_0019373 (EC: IDA, PMID:9618440); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0032305 (EC: IMP, PMID:18391101); GO_0036101 (EC: IDA, PMID:9799565); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA, PMID:10660572); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0050051 (EC: IDA, PMID:9799565); GO_0052869 (EC: IEA); GO_0055078 (EC: IEP, PMID:10660572); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:18433732); GO_0097267 (EC: TAS) PMID:1739747; 7679927; 7798189; 8274222; 8363569; 8914854; 9618440; 9799565; 10024026; 10660572; 10860550; 11139583; 11736898; 11821421; 12464261; 12464262; 12477932; 15028279; 15128046; 15319333; 15611369; 16144986; 16957555; 18227405; 18300855; 18385420; 18391101; 18433732; 18484194; 18574070; 18624398; 18660489; 18936345; 19343046; 19366684; 19615687; 19898482; 20130494; 21326303; 21617944; 21820496; 21873888; 21886157; 21912424; 22327816; 22804341; 23085321 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily A, polypeptide 11 Ensembl:ENSG00000187048 HGNC:2642 HPRD:03201 MIM:601310 Vega:OTTHUMG00000008020 Other designations: 20-HETE synthase|20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthase|CYPIVA11|P450HL-omega|alkane-1 monooxygenase|cytochrome P-450HK-omega|cytochrome P450 4A11|cytochrome P450, subfamily IVA, polypeptide 11|cytochrome P450HL-omega|fatty acid omega-hydroxylase|lauric acid omega-hydroxylase CYP4A11 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CYPIVB1 P-450HP WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP4B1 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 1580 RP4-732G19.1 1p33 9606 1 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008144 (EC: IEA); GO_0018585 (EC: IEA); GO_0018879 (EC: IEA); GO_0018917 (EC: IEA); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:2574990); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0042738 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070330 (EC: IEA) PMID:2298205; 2574990; 7894498; 8125298; 8313365; 8694864; 8889548; 9202751; 9364212; 9493761; 9498238; 10768437; 11062028; 11669629; 11737226; 11767004; 12142726; 12477932; 12837283; 15006160; 15128046; 15499177; 16344560; 18660489; 18713828; 19040121; 19074885; 19343046; 19898482; 19913121; 20379614; 20628086; 22675492 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000142973 HGNC:2644 HPRD:00491 MIM:124075 Vega:OTTHUMG00000007984 Other designations: cytochrome P450 4B1|cytochrome P450, subfamily IVB, polypeptide 1|cytochrome P450-HP|microsomal monooxygenase CYP4B1 CP7A CYP7 CYPVII WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP7A1 cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1581 8q11-q12 9606 8 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006699 (EC: IDA, PMID:19965590); GO_0006699 (EC: IEA); GO_0006699 (EC: ISS); GO_0006699 (EC: TAS); GO_0006707 (EC: ISS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008123 (EC: ISS); GO_0008206 (EC: TAS); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0042632 (EC: ISS); GO_0043231 (EC: ISS); GO_0044255 (EC: TAS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070857 (EC: IDA, PMID:19965590); GO_0070857 (EC: ISS); GO_0071333 (EC: IDA, PMID:19965590); GO_0071397 (EC: ISS) PMID:1312351; 1358792; 1610352; 2384150; 7288293; 8020987; 8439551; 8504159; 9559267; 10359768; 10882719; 11257258; 11907135; 12011083; 12093884; 12093894; 12116231; 12202481; 12213890; 12477932; 12554795; 12721789; 12810154; 12815072; 12865425; 14515446; 14522988; 14592954; 14762172; 15128046; 15133863; 15205472; 15241483; 15262185; 15333704; 15489334; 15640003; 15707388; 15736936; 15752749; 15796896; 15805302; 15910869; 16115473; 16630139; 16709249; 16763159; 16892178; 16917677; 16937432; 17680536; 17920062; 18078817; 18178499; 18270374; 18307386; 18385139; 18660489; 18665040; 18728123; 18728290; 18996102; 19018779; 19185005; 19343046; 19448895; 19463968; 19537927; 19558216; 19598235; 19850125; 19956635; 19965590; 20005541; 20031551; 20235787; 20351063; 20403997; 20578904; 20602615; 20686565; 20717043; 20857261; 20872969; 20884100; 21039385; 21147774; 21346769; 21813643; 21902813; 22058145; 22235657; 22607622; 22713451; 23038264; 23458092; 23626788 cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000167910 HGNC:2651 HPRD:00324 MIM:118455 Vega:OTTHUMG00000164301 Other designations: cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase|cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase|cytochrome P450 7A1|cytochrome P450, subfamily VIIA polypeptide 1 CYP7A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP8B CYP12 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP8B1 cytochrome P450, family 8, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 1582 3p22.1 9606 3 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005783 (EC: IBA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006629 (EC: IBA); GO_0006699 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008206 (EC: TAS); GO_0008397 (EC: IBA); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:10051404); GO_0020037 (EC: IBA); GO_0033778 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID:10051404; 11535594; 12477932; 15128046; 15249218; 15489334; 15891895; 16937432; 17585019; 18660489; 19898482; 22093981; 23216301; 24226095 cytochrome P450, family 8, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000180432 HGNC:2653 HPRD:03705 MIM:602172 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133047 Other designations: 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one 12-alpha-hydroxylase|7-alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one 12-alpha-hydroxylase|7-alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12-alpha-hydroxylase|CYPVIIIB1|cytochrome P450 8B1|cytochrome P450, subfamily VIIIB (sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase), polypeptide 1|sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase CYP8B1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CYP11A CYPXIA1 P450SCC WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP11A1 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1583 15q23-q24 9606 15 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: ISS); GO_0005759 (EC: TAS); GO_0006700 (EC: IDA, PMID:11502818); GO_0006700 (EC: TAS); GO_0006701 (EC: IEA); GO_0006703 (EC: IEA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0007617 (EC: IEA); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0008203 (EC: IDA); GO_0008203 (EC: IMP, PMID:18182448); GO_0008203 (EC: ISS); GO_0008386 (EC: IDA, PMID:11502818); GO_0008386 (EC: ISS); GO_0009651 (EC: IEA); GO_0010332 (EC: IEA); GO_0014037 (EC: IEA); GO_0015485 (EC: IEA); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0017085 (EC: IEA); GO_0018879 (EC: IEA); GO_0018894 (EC: IEA); GO_0018958 (EC: IEA); GO_0018963 (EC: IEA); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0021549 (EC: IEA); GO_0021766 (EC: IEA); GO_0030061 (EC: IEA); GO_0033197 (EC: IEA); GO_0033327 (EC: IEA); GO_0033591 (EC: IEA); GO_0033595 (EC: IEA); GO_0042359 (EC: ISS); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0042542 (EC: IEA); GO_0043204 (EC: IEA); GO_0043279 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0044344 (EC: IEA); GO_0050756 (EC: IEA); GO_0051412 (EC: IEA); GO_0060014 (EC: IEA); GO_0060135 (EC: IEA); GO_0060992 (EC: IEA); GO_0061370 (EC: IEA); GO_0071222 (EC: IEA); GO_0071236 (EC: IEA); GO_0071276 (EC: IEA); GO_0071320 (EC: IEA); GO_0071347 (EC: IEA); GO_0071356 (EC: IEA); GO_0071372 (EC: IEA); GO_0071375 (EC: IEA); GO_0071560 (EC: IEA) PMID:1429635; 1849407; 1863359; 1917982; 2419119; 3024157; 3038854; 8125298; 8372604; 9029710; 9147642; 9498238; 9685215; 10391209; 10411633; 10416690; 10644752; 10856721; 11008920; 11062177; 11137199; 11238527; 11502818; 11535251; 11701663; 11864972; 11997174; 12101186; 12137805; 12145340; 12161514; 12242026; 12385014; 12477932; 12517592; 12530663; 12530676; 14644808; 14702039; 15054879; 15126571; 15128046; 15159300; 15231748; 15323426; 15471945; 15489334; 15583024; 15613430; 15793791; 15927889; 16103457; 16116976; 16172228; 16195240; 16344560; 16391898; 16409859; 16764871; 16798289; 17065579; 17110639; 17178901; 17507624; 17575134; 17594537; 17615053; 18004979; 18182448; 18191841; 18307388; 18368131; 18437511; 18483327; 18490834; 18499961; 18505908; 18665078; 18725155; 18992638; 19064571; 19116240; 19197249; 19240061; 19300392; 19336370; 19342447; 19453261; 19543524; 19574343; 19598235; 19846611; 20066577; 20199803; 20200332; 20214802; 20381444; 20450755; 20634197; 20734064; 20877624; 21159840; 21164259; 21195129; 21391350; 21520051; 21557918; 21636783; 21771722; 21880796; 22199361; 22227097; 22585829; 22673022; 22699877; 22877869; 23158025; 23330251; 23337730; 23555723; 23756599 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000140459 HGNC:2590 HPRD:00326 MIM:118485 Vega:OTTHUMG00000150716 Other designations: cholesterol 20-22 desmolase|cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain cleaving)|cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial|cytochrome P450 11A1|cytochrome P450(scc)|cytochrome P450, subfamily XIA (cholesterol side chain cleavage)|cytochrome P450C11A1|steroid 20-22-lyase CYP11A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPN1 CYP11B FHI P450C11 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP11B1 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 1584 8q21 9606 8 GO_0004507 (EC: IDA, PMID:2256920); GO_0004507 (EC: IMP, PMID:2022736); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID:2256920); GO_0005743 (EC: IC, PMID:8506298); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS, PMID:15026188); GO_0006700 (EC: IDA, PMID:2256920); GO_0006704 (EC: TAS); GO_0006705 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0006955 (EC: TAS, PMID:12452430); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0008217 (EC: IMP, PMID:2022736); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IC, PMID:2256920); GO_0032342 (EC: IDA, PMID:2256920); GO_0032342 (EC: IMP, PMID:19342457); GO_0032870 (EC: IEP, PMID:19342457); GO_0034651 (EC: IDA, PMID:8506298); GO_0034651 (EC: IMP, PMID:19342457); GO_0035865 (EC: IEP, PMID:19342457); GO_0042593 (EC: TAS, PMID:16114325); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID:1303253; 1430088; 1518866; 1741400; 2022736; 2256920; 2401360; 2592361; 3499608; 7903314; 8372604; 8506298; 9302260; 10391209; 10391210; 10411633; 10599751; 11095433; 11549669; 11549691; 11675945; 11903322; 11932209; 12452430; 12477932; 14682466; 14702039; 15026188; 15062555; 15128046; 15324322; 15507509; 15522937; 15583024; 15699546; 15751602; 15755848; 15793791; 16030166; 16110193; 16114325; 16396990; 16984984; 17075029; 17121536; 17296872; 17556864; 17651452; 17980006; 18215163; 18294861; 18397978; 18636124; 18661760; 18663314; 18974272; 19082699; 19336370; 19342457; 19453261; 19567537; 19598235; 19820005; 19844114; 19913121; 20089618; 20214802; 20331679; 20339375; 20486282; 20523022; 20529578; 20628086; 20634641; 20708777; 20808686; 20877624; 20947076; 21164264; 21625068; 21848792; 22083159; 22217843; 22921894; 22964742; 23146819; 23150505; 23345044; 23825130 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000160882 HGNC:2591 HPRD:01943 MIM:610613 Vega:OTTHUMG00000164637 Other designations: CYPXIB1|cytochrome P-450c11|cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial|cytochrome P450, subfamily XIB (steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase), polypeptide 1|cytochrome P450C11|cytochrome p450 XIB1|steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase|steroid 11-beta-monooxygenase CYP11B1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ALDOS CPN2 CYP11B CYP11BL CYPXIB2 P-450C18 P450C18 P450aldo WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP11B2 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2 1585 8q21-q22 9606 8 GO_0002017 (EC: IMP, PMID:14614232); GO_0003091 (EC: IC, PMID:2256920); GO_0004507 (EC: IDA, PMID:1741400); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IDA, PMID:1741400); GO_0005743 (EC: IC, PMID:2256920); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS); GO_0006700 (EC: IDA, PMID:2256920); GO_0006705 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IC, PMID:2256920); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0032342 (EC: IDA, PMID:1741400); GO_0032342 (EC: IMP, PMID:19342457); GO_0032870 (EC: IEP, PMID:19342457); GO_0034651 (EC: IMP, PMID:19342457); GO_0034651 (EC: IMP, Qualifier: NOT, PMID:9703385); GO_0035865 (EC: IEP, PMID:19342457); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0047783 (EC: IEA); GO_0055075 (EC: IMP, PMID:9838244); GO_0055078 (EC: IMP, PMID:9838244) PMID:1303253; 1346492; 1518866; 1594605; 1741400; 1775135; 2256920; 2592361; 3872685; 7792802; 8372604; 8439335; 8954040; 9177280; 9360501; 9506770; 9625333; 9703385; 9814506; 9838244; 9931115; 10371693; 10391209; 10391210; 10411633; 10902803; 11076863; 11116113; 11238478; 11245725; 11288810; 11325068; 11422106; 11422735; 11447495; 11518842; 11587161; 11696658; 11696688; 11711521; 11711524; 11725161; 11728005; 11728946; 11841224; 11856349; 11903322; 11910301; 11923700; 11932209; 11967817; 12022239; 12031704; 12065207; 12107246; 12133420; 12137808; 12161536; 12172317; 12193581; 12195120; 12205735; 12213905; 12376254; 12391843; 12444540; 12446192; 12446468; 12477932; 12544440; 12544508; 12611423; 12624609; 12627873; 12746403; 12783697; 12788845; 12788848; 12817181; 12832734; 14508191; 14530292; 14614232; 14643573; 14704730; 14736447; 15055249; 15062555; 15097233; 15102677; 15128046; 15135254; 15223724; 15230231; 15238568; 15272911; 15361760; 15378162; 15479186; 15505931; 15507509; 15522937; 15532370; 15545843; 15569322; 15573760; 15583024; 15583997; 15600184; 15611122; 15614025; 15643128; 15662219; 15699546; 15824464; 15882548; 15894890; 15894891; 15914614; 16078594; 16080804; 16080805; 16110193; 16126185; 16207322; 16208140; 16303227; 16396990; 16468060; 16485730; 16580565; 16615274; 16638864; 16672053; 16714246; 16759311; 16765146; 16767667; 16780672; 16796847; 16893516; 16979018; 16984984; 17003099; 17075029; 17143166; 17190732; 17261471; 17273158; 17296872; 17318792; 17334527; 17334644; 17383306; 17407071; 17519002; 17531119; 17546276; 17631084; 17633457; 17651452; 17664852; 17698557; 17762647; 17851694; 17980006; 17984617; 17987391; 18192839; 18202594; 18260840; 18260994; 18397978; 18413308; 18446309; 18636124; 18638595; 18660489; 18710464; 18771471; 18773126; 18855530; 18856058; 18974272; 19026620; 19093739; 19112833; 19116236; 19117407; 19151144; 19158234; 19166692; 19243623; 19253715; 19254215; 19262476; 19332265; 19342457; 19343046; 19407459; 19418629; 19609286; 19729965; 19776632; 19779464; 19786005; 19820005; 19853701; 19913121; 19948975; 19956635; 20094057; 20097716; 20123934; 20176774; 20182453; 20193236; 20193392; 20214802; 20224556; 20300066; 20339375; 20381197; 20413672; 20416077; 20486282; 20494601; 20535141; 20537417; 20560800; 20598712; 20628086; 20634641; 20659024; 20662731; 20708777; 20808686; 20831027; 20877624; 20878543; 20966514; 21092623; 21106862; 21125974; 21127960; 21163122; 21164264; 21228735; 21239432; 21269059; 21357309; 21476902; 21625068; 21682760; 21777344; 21846681; 22083159; 22134143; 22156739; 22217843; 22311496; 22331364; 22508051; 22652909; 22801770; 22885098; 23023242; 23133610; 23135028; 23150505; 23209837; 23257735; 23275203; 23322723; 23443813; 23479071; 23535359; 23701507; 23936266; 24015270 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000179142 HGNC:2592 HPRD:00492 MIM:124080 Vega:OTTHUMG00000160254 Other designations: aldosterone synthase|aldosterone-synthesizing enzyme|cytochrome P-450Aldo|cytochrome P-450C18|cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial|cytochrome P450, subfamily XIB (steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase), polypeptide 2|mitochondrial cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2|steroid 11-beta-monooxygenase|steroid 11-beta/18-hydroxylase|steroid 18-hydroxylase, aldosterone synthase, P450C18, P450aldo CYP11B2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CPT7 CYP17 P450C17 S17AH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP17A1 cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1586 RP11-753C18.1 10q24.3 9606 10 GO_0004508 (EC: IDA); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005739 (EC: IEA); GO_0005783 (EC: NAS, PMID:9326943); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006694 (EC: TAS, PMID:3500022); GO_0006702 (EC: TAS); GO_0006704 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0007548 (EC: TAS, PMID:9326943); GO_0008202 (EC: IDA); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0009635 (EC: IEA); GO_0010034 (EC: IEA); GO_0010212 (EC: IEA); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0017085 (EC: IEA); GO_0018879 (EC: IEA); GO_0018894 (EC: IEA); GO_0018958 (EC: IEA); GO_0018963 (EC: IEA); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:2808364); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0021766 (EC: IEA); GO_0030325 (EC: IEA); GO_0030424 (EC: IEA); GO_0030728 (EC: IEA); GO_0031667 (EC: IEA); GO_0032526 (EC: IEA); GO_0033327 (EC: IEA); GO_0034097 (EC: IEA); GO_0042446 (EC: IDA); GO_0042448 (EC: IDA); GO_0042493 (EC: IEA); GO_0043025 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0047442 (EC: IEA); GO_0048545 (EC: IEA); GO_0051591 (EC: IEA); GO_0051597 (EC: IEA); GO_0060992 (EC: IEA); GO_0071222 (EC: IEA); GO_0071236 (EC: IEA); GO_0071371 (EC: IEA); GO_0090031 (EC: IEA) PMID:1347802; 1478654; 1515452; 1577471; 1621662; 1665206; 1714904; 1740503; 1964490; 2335573; 2466376; 2786493; 2808364; 2843762; 3025870; 3274893; 3488328; 3500022; 6976525; 7629254; 8027220; 8245018; 8345056; 8396144; 8550762; 8675607; 8855840; 9177409; 9326943; 9360545; 9435441; 9601054; 9888582; 10406467; 10720067; 11036113; 11059764; 11094312; 11142420; 11145739; 11212283; 11221867; 11232039; 11248649; 11303586; 11341336; 11358812; 11379008; 11440959; 11470993; 11535545; 11549685; 11571725; 11668516; 11749050; 11834432; 11836339; 11839369; 11847524; 11867265; 11880540; 11888844; 11895872; 11897684; 11911969; 11925378; 11956159; 12036913; 12036914; 12164325; 12368392; 12370109; 12385014; 12444089; 12446594; 12464252; 12466376; 12477932; 12506119; 12517592; 12530262; 12530647; 12530662; 12530676; 12574216; 12582021; 12584742; 12602902; 12631293; 12631398; 12644832; 12645864; 12652520; 12692107; 12718576; 12719950; 12949806; 12954495; 12971967; 14504283; 14512432; 14552332; 14552333; 14561815; 14575568; 14634838; 14644808; 14665706; 14671162; 14684846; 14693733; 14702039; 14714492; 14715870; 14744739; 14985252; 14995917; 15072828; 15128046; 15129369; 15164054; 15195127; 15199113; 15235815; 15241822; 15341023; 15364798; 15372520; 15382051; 15466495; 15477877; 15482786; 15489334; 15536258; 15538743; 15539439; 15555906; 15583024; 15591802; 15598676; 15604994; 15609124; 15654505; 15663233; 15686129; 15687493; 15706422; 15711606; 15749482; 15761247; 15774541; 15799583; 15823822; 15824149; 15865082; 15878919; 15886251; 15916684; 15927351; 15941966; 15953542; 15987450; 15987458; 15999490; 16045239; 16202920; 16214922; 16232327; 16244490; 16260521; 16280037; 16306078; 16319265; 16344560; 16354159; 16381022; 16385451; 16411751; 16424004; 16515644; 16519145; 16527884; 16595228; 16595705; 16603433; 16604478; 16608396; 16616104; 16638864; 16702327; 16707883; 16716118; 16720291; 16730930; 16739881; 16782804; 16783967; 16850246; 16859836; 16875543; 16885156; 16887917; 16890174; 16896040; 16909599; 16969494; 16971197; 16977255; 17077994; 17108148; 17110639; 17119038; 17167982; 17218734; 17235448; 17307805; 17328668; 17359589; 17386955; 17484509; 17507624; 17588204; 17589376; 17606708; 17615053; 17664281; 17669147; 17704407; 17760252; 17765230; 17785571; 17786540; 17826473; 17875358; 17895316; 17961073; 17975119; 17986287; 18000308; 18006912; 18163429; 18172694; 18184656; 18187541; 18262808; 18281250; 18299473; 18305346; 18318428; 18411914; 18415690; 18422032; 18437511; 18483327; 18491956; 18495332; 18496127; 18499961; 18501301; 18503826; 18505908; 18510611; 18560445; 18593984; 18601603; 18618215; 18619494; 18629629; 18636124; 18636181; 18645709; 18676680; 18682255; 18707589; 18722876; 18725155; 18767927; 18781485; 18820009; 18930188; 18957719; 18980759; 19013303; 19015200; 19023099; 19064572; 19064581; 19127255; 19170196; 19174490; 19267349; 19330259; 19336370; 19379515; 19387820; 19415745; 19430479; 19430483; 19443382; 19453261; 19454579; 19469636; 19505920; 19508587; 19574343; 19598235; 19625176; 19627379; 19636199; 19642097; 19672705; 19692168; 19789190; 19805543; 19850690; 19863350; 19913121; 19915575; 19954068; 19956635; 20013047; 20033766; 20043206; 20043997; 20069306; 20072949; 20086173; 20099974; 20113968; 20133979; 20171624; 20173016; 20184498; 20193327; 20197673; 20200332; 20207836; 20214802; 20379614; 20381444; 20414254; 20432167; 20453000; 20479155; 20503394; 20534731; 20539301; 20595043; 20619364; 20628086; 20628746; 20634197; 20650774; 20677014; 20716560; 20720262; 20728566; 20729390; 20729792; 20734064; 20798986; 20852445; 20884100; 20886547; 21045733; 21094112; 21193363; 21300759; 21307141; 21338212; 21378990; 21420394; 21511288; 21572416; 21644229; 21656827; 21676446; 21848792; 21868758; 21896988; 21909110; 21909115; 21919858; 21948762; 21963141; 21966534; 21988832; 22001566; 22048715; 22057025; 22066265; 22071413; 22072737; 22103881; 22174412; 22217842; 22237020; 22238371; 22266943; 22309630; 22331461; 22419734; 22434081; 22456087; 22528335; 22653668; 22714708; 22873692; 22951291; 22954317; 22959498; 23015357; 23036723; 23129512; 23133444; 23229009; 23257735; 23291414; 23350368; 23467202; 23535732; 23551929; 23586722; 23609033; 23620596; 23649771; 23775394; 23809139; 23836902; 23974872; 24001895; 24140098; 24140493 cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000148795 HGNC:2593 HPRD:01944 MIM:609300 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018969 Other designations: 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone aldolase|CYPXVII|cytochrome P450 17A1|cytochrome P450, subfamily XVII (steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase), adrenal hyperplasia|cytochrome P450-C17|cytochrome P450c17|cytochrome p450 XVIIA1|steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase|steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase CYP17A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He ARO ARO1 CPV1 CYAR CYP19 CYPXIX P-450AROM WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP19A1 cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1588 15q21.1 9606 15 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005783 (EC: IDA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006694 (EC: TAS, PMID:2848247); GO_0006703 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0008209 (EC: IEA); GO_0009055 (EC: TAS, PMID:2848247); GO_0016020 (EC: TAS, PMID:2848247); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0016712 (EC: TAS, PMID:1371509); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:2848247); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA, PMID:19129847); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0060736 (EC: IEA); GO_0070330 (EC: IDA, PMID:19129847) PMID:1371509; 1472013; 1724289; 1825497; 2040633; 2171939; 2541021; 2691883; 2808431; 2848247; 2973313; 3018730; 3390233; 3653507; 3964273; 7690033; 8090165; 8117272; 8265607; 8477708; 8530621; 9177373; 9211678; 9696881; 10566648; 10837748; 11076863; 11140838; 11181459; 11216915; 11232039; 11256614; 11344237; 11469726; 11571725; 11595700; 11756225; 11826265; 11850203; 11850205; 11850206; 11850208; 11850209; 11850210; 11850219; 11850220; 11850221; 11850222; 11850224; 11850225; 11850230; 11850233; 11850235; 11897504; 11903314; 11904449; 11925378; 11927588; 11935306; 11997208; 12036913; 12053085; 12154211; 12160997; 12161013; 12161505; 12164325; 12204674; 12213901; 12351690; 12370109; 12385014; 12428207; 12451990; 12462076; 12462077; 12466340; 12477932; 12489562; 12517592; 12592380; 12602902; 12606587; 12618873; 12620480; 12639945; 12690088; 12705475; 12720534; 12734209; 12736278; 12759877; 12768436; 12788892; 12839940; 12843146; 12846271; 12864794; 12914527; 12917334; 12944421; 14508827; 14517714; 14580722; 14593077; 14602139; 14631363; 14634838; 14714492; 14715870; 14744739; 14747179; 14973387; 14981949; 14990865; 15046111; 15072827; 15072828; 15074077; 15079018; 15083376; 15083377; 15083380; 15083381; 15126575; 15128046; 15132727; 15177662; 15181061; 15183689; 15199113; 15207764; 15229337; 15241822; 15298966; 15319333; 15330195; 15358790; 15364411; 15449726; 15489336; 15582747; 15583024; 15613678; 15640252; 15668497; 15677755; 15688015; 15695318; 15748828; 15774541; 15788666; 15794932; 15800924; 15802318; 15840311; 15862960; 15862961; 15862962; 15955695; 16019206; 16020944; 16024248; 16039845; 16045239; 16086586; 16103457; 16128984; 16146740; 16199862; 16202920; 16213843; 16232327; 16244490; 16251630; 16251760; 16260521; 16269961; 16287071; 16302261; 16303757; 16306085; 16322405; 16344016; 16344560; 16381901; 16392624; 16395678; 16402077; 16406421; 16418790; 16424004; 16426763; 16467490; 16473000; 16498360; 16498361; 16498363; 16498364; 16541304; 16556483; 16566930; 16595205; 16604491; 16608396; 16621515; 16634644; 16641167; 16648498; 16684355; 16691199; 16723309; 16730930; 16733710; 16739881; 16741831; 16767510; 16782804; 16793950; 16798289; 16850246; 16875543; 16882736; 16894362; 16895991; 16896040; 16930994; 16949385; 16949391; 16964243; 16977255; 16997132; 17004113; 17065579; 17066438; 17118999; 17119036; 17158756; 17167982; 17176215; 17187946; 17216495; 17219197; 17325027; 17331471; 17336977; 17359589; 17372263; 17391072; 17400043; 17404019; 17405842; 17415442; 17482958; 17507620; 17507624; 17517397; 17562079; 17574328; 17584767; 17588204; 17589376; 17595315; 17615053; 17646720; 17657731; 17661084; 17662285; 17678915; 17681675; 17682677; 17687621; 17704407; 17766065; 17827443; 17893373; 17953943; 17962916; 17975727; 17979523; 17989043; 17989068; 18030614; 18048499; 18049890; 18083712; 18086758; 18157729; 18159088; 18163429; 18181018; 18182446; 18199708; 18201819; 18245543; 18274619; 18281655; 18299793; 18305346; 18426832; 18437511; 18445666; 18467089; 18483177; 18483761; 18491956; 18497059; 18501301; 18505907; 18510611; 18512790; 18559914; 18568448; 18593984; 18595017; 18601603; 18614276; 18614591; 18617186; 18622258; 18629629; 18636124; 18667686; 18676680; 18767927; 18817841; 18818748; 18820009; 18822378; 18847535; 18930188; 18941892; 18941913; 18955734; 18962445; 18980759; 19015200; 19019335; 19022561; 19064562; 19064572; 19064581; 19083124; 19093296; 19107851; 19116238; 19124504; 19124506; 19129847; 19137777; 19152063; 19158807; 19159688; 19170196; 19172223; 19174490; 19185610; 19194457; 19240151; 19282383; 19299445; 19324338; 19340622; 19366906; 19389254; 19415745; 19419293; 19438456; 19445691; 19453261; 19469636; 19470632; 19478482; 19491387; 19493871; 19500729; 19505920; 19514368; 19527514; 19549443; 19551860; 19555469; 19556341; 19558171; 19570444; 19573564; 19574343; 19589174; 19591804; 19598235; 19604497; 19625176; 19630952; 19639193; 19692168; 19776291; 19782135; 19789370; 19800002; 19800101; 19805543; 19808095; 19815003; 19818337; 19879925; 19883757; 19896534; 19906189; 19906814; 19913121; 19921206; 19933466; 19952760; 19956635; 19969081; 20004389; 20015405; 20026603; 20030115; 20048079; 20052540; 20053928; 20060879; 20064870; 20072949; 20133979; 20140262; 20144226; 20148360; 20164038; 20164294; 20173016; 20184498; 20186154; 20189936; 20193327; 20200332; 20211687; 20214802; 20231365; 20300828; 20305046; 20346360; 20351196; 20381444; 20385561; 20417295; 20430378; 20432167; 20453000; 20505544; 20526739; 20539301; 20546829; 20586553; 20588246; 20588308; 20628086; 20628746; 20634197; 20655525; 20668023; 20688833; 20716560; 20729390; 20734064; 20797716; 20819792; 20881004; 20881960; 20932310; 20937744; 20960227; 21125383; 21154336; 21170323; 21188138; 21198743; 21217768; 21251330; 21269619; 21282199; 21296134; 21300759; 21319151; 21319995; 21320735; 21356374; 21377485; 21392518; 21392519; 21392520; 21414724; 21479914; 21511357; 21622727; 21676395; 21757507; 21771722; 21807013; 21939764; 21948762; 21952832; 21972004; 22057025; 22079757; 22089263; 22104650; 22106445; 22119029; 22130322; 22160249; 22185650; 22217837; 22237979; 22300440; 22315456; 22320986; 22331461; 22335023; 22384274; 22407818; 22426781; 22448795; 22492871; 22508516; 22511967; 22578533; 22633539; 22634420; 22638611; 22675492; 22731640; 22759564; 22773874; 22843875; 22848710; 22887836; 22889864; 22902617; 22915343; 22982181; 23001776; 23029457; 23085504; 23090135; 23110082; 23116507; 23122578; 23129173; 23178495; 23229009; 23239821; 23253631; 23340254; 23342035; 23350368; 23400010; 23438603; 23456168; 23461365; 23518928; 23540392; 23584792; 23599027; 23625281; 23635391; 23643682; 23661022; 23669293; 23700878; 23727336; 23729401; 23747729; 23748068; 23809139; 23846226; 23873111; 24049095 cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000137869 HGNC:2594 HPRD:00488 MIM:107910 Vega:OTTHUMG00000131747 Other designations: aromatase|cytochrome P-450AROM|cytochrome P450 19A1|cytochrome P450, subfamily XIX (aromatization of androgens)|estrogen synthase|estrogen synthetase|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase CYP19A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CA21H CAH1 CPS1 CYP21 CYP21B P450c21B WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP21A2 cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 1589 DADB-112B14.10-001 6p21.3 9606 6 GO_0004509 (EC: IEA); GO_0005496 (EC: IEA); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006704 (EC: TAS); GO_0006705 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0008395 (EC: TAS, PMID:1406709); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS) PMID:1351548; 1406699; 1406709; 1496017; 1605859; 1644925; 1864962; 1937474; 1985465; 2072928; 2249999; 2303461; 2325662; 2788081; 2827462; 2845408; 3038528; 3137812; 3257825; 3260007; 3260033; 3267225; 3486422; 3487786; 3497399; 3500473; 3871526; 5804199; 7096533; 7629224; 7635470; 7749410; 8081391; 8175971; 8372604; 8478006; 8485582; 8518786; 8675607; 8731325; 8968761; 8989258; 9067760; 9099896; 9187661; 9215318; 9497336; 9580109; 9661649; 10051010; 10072631; 10094562; 10198222; 10207042; 10229037; 10343159; 10364682; 10391209; 10408778; 10408786; 10443693; 10496074; 10720040; 11073721; 11093272; 11232002; 11287026; 11457572; 11581476; 11598371; 11600539; 11692155; 11739456; 11746135; 11836313; 12028996; 12038604; 12050231; 12050257; 12121677; 12213672; 12213891; 12220458; 12222711; 12370110; 12384784; 12464252; 12477932; 12746407; 12788866; 12788880; 12788889; 12855227; 12876419; 12887291; 12915679; 12966197; 14502362; 14514162; 14671153; 14676460; 14676461; 14702039; 14715874; 14733808; 15004406; 15027205; 15028279; 15110320; 15126570; 15128046; 15342556; 15493145; 15572419; 15583024; 15598692; 15608154; 15627780; 15705377; 15751603; 15761541; 15775714; 15793784; 15818055; 15830218; 15858147; 15988383; 16046588; 16238926; 16344560; 16427797; 16487445; 16500637; 16541276; 16648810; 16712666; 16728546; 16788163; 16984992; 17033937; 17047018; 17119906; 17275379; 17466088; 17505149; 17526939; 17551464; 17573904; 17666484; 17803691; 17878254; 18028896; 18039588; 18042312; 18179706; 18204270; 18319307; 18381579; 18392095; 18397975; 18445671; 18478071; 18505908; 18589890; 18636124; 18702679; 18787377; 18825878; 18973462; 19039234; 19058224; 19062540; 19085698; 19116923; 19135723; 19137635; 19158234; 19201236; 19208730; 19226270; 19272182; 19347184; 19420818; 19423540; 19449670; 19453261; 19501079; 19505723; 19531083; 19598235; 19624807; 19773403; 19799922; 19844122; 19856253; 19890026; 19925038; 19930153; 20029944; 20059433; 20070950; 20080860; 20110635; 20132843; 20201644; 20233785; 20301350; 20406964; 20423741; 20438785; 20587039; 20587610; 20617557; 20661889; 20671415; 20818501; 20838032; 20926536; 20970527; 21117955; 21134444; 21164261; 21164262; 21169732; 21175091; 21198393; 21264314; 21274396; 21446712; 21521936; 21534945; 21570420; 21609351; 21646284; 21750395; 21912141; 22001566; 22014889; 22017335; 22020670; 22127631; 22217838; 22308849; 22313422; 22497080; 22561756; 22802425; 22841790; 22873692; 22885098; 22886582; 23027774; 23044877; 23045419; 23073904; 23142378; 23155693; 23211577; 23298233; 23313747; 23322511; 23329749; 23342490; 23359706; 23370425; 23376085; 23386413; 23535732; 23586722; 23692712 cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Ensembl:ENSG00000231852 HGNC:2600 HPRD:01942 MIM:613815 Vega:OTTHUMG00000031069 Other designations: 21-OHase|cytochrome P450 XXI|cytochrome P450, subfamily XXIA (steroid 21-hydroxylase, congenital adrenal hyperplasia), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-C21B|steroid 21-hydroxylase|steroid 21-monooxygenase CYP21A2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP24 CYP24 HCAI P450-CC24 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP24A1 cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1591 20q13 9606 20 GO_0001649 (EC: IEP, PMID:17023519); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005743 (EC: TAS); GO_0006766 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0008403 (EC: IEA); GO_0016491 (EC: NAS, PMID:7632726); GO_0020037 (EC: TAS, PMID:8506296); GO_0030342 (EC: IDA, PMID:8506296); GO_0033280 (EC: IDA, PMID:16720713); GO_0042359 (EC: TAS); GO_0042369 (EC: NAS, PMID:16720713); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0055114 (EC: IDA, PMID:8506296); GO_0070561 (EC: NAS, PMID:16720713) PMID:7595086; 7632726; 7829101; 7938037; 8266831; 8440135; 8506296; 10218951; 11149490; 11780052; 12477932; 12485911; 12641633; 12855575; 14665637; 14760115; 15078099; 15128046; 15146197; 15358094; 15583024; 15630458; 15788398; 15919092; 15951480; 16457885; 16516540; 16600026; 16617161; 16691293; 16708384; 16720713; 17023519; 17079137; 17223345; 17244366; 17254772; 17368180; 17426122; 17475215; 17585873; 17606874; 17646648; 17875655; 17932346; 18467787; 18676680; 18824104; 18843020; 19097033; 19170196; 19237542; 19255064; 19343046; 19393625; 19453261; 19454612; 19505920; 19625176; 19667160; 19692168; 19706847; 19852851; 19891555; 19901270; 19913121; 19922790; 20007432; 20304053; 20304056; 20304059; 20394945; 20398751; 20450955; 20453000; 20460683; 20467438; 20541252; 20587525; 20591973; 20628086; 20654748; 20687218; 20809279; 20831823; 20847308; 20877624; 21169243; 21385079; 21440908; 21441443; 21675912; 21697097; 21725204; 21828234; 21833088; 21906983; 22213328; 22285938; 22511602; 22612324; 22648713; 22649517; 22690899; 22841393; 22871965; 22940288; 22984610; 23042114; 23059474; 23155244; 23169318; 23293122; 23377224; 23393347; 23423976; 23435876; 23456391; 23463632; 23485543; 23674869; 23826131; 24068962 cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000019186 HGNC:2602 HPRD:00522 MIM:126065 Vega:OTTHUMG00000032773 Other designations: 1,25-@dihydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase|1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial|24-OHase|cytochrome P450 24A1|cytochrome P450, subfamily XXIV (vitamin D 24-hydroxylase)|cytochrome P450-CC24|exo-mitochondrial protein|vitamin D 24-hydroxylase|vitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase CYP24A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP26 CYP26 P450RAI P450RAI1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP26A1 cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1592 RP11-348J12.1 10q23-q24 9606 10 GO_0001972 (EC: IDA, PMID:10823918); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006766 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0007417 (EC: IEA); GO_0008152 (EC: TAS, PMID:9228017); GO_0008401 (EC: IDA, PMID:10823918); GO_0009952 (EC: IEA); GO_0014032 (EC: IEA); GO_0019825 (EC: TAS, PMID:9228017); GO_0020037 (EC: NAS, PMID:9228017); GO_0034653 (EC: IDA, PMID:10823918); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0048384 (EC: IEA); GO_0048387 (EC: TAS, PMID:14532297); GO_0071300 (EC: IEA) PMID:8601734; 9228017; 9228041; 9521883; 9716180; 9826557; 10583049; 10823918; 10874126; 10976925; 12727970; 14532297; 14702039; 15128046; 15281009; 16053444; 16194896; 16463413; 16778795; 16933217; 17059167; 17218384; 17460545; 18059332; 18992717; 19519282; 19553612; 19703508; 20167577; 20375987; 20513361; 20682464; 20686565; 20693622; 21521770; 21850183; 21975512; 22020119; 22179182; 23396134; 24043786 cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000095596 HGNC:2603 HPRD:03759 MIM:602239 Vega:OTTHUMG00000018765 Other designations: P450, retinoic acid-inactivating, 1|cytochrome P450 26A1|cytochrome P450 retinoic acid-inactivating 1|cytochrome P450, subfamily XXVIA, polypeptide 1|cytochrome P450RAI|hP450RAI|retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase|retinoic acid-metabolizing cytochrome CYP26A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP27 CTX CYP27 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP27A1 cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1593 2q35 9606 2 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005743 (EC: IEA); GO_0005759 (EC: TAS); GO_0006699 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008203 (EC: IEA); GO_0008206 (EC: TAS); GO_0008395 (EC: TAS, PMID:9790667); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0030343 (EC: IEA); GO_0031073 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0047749 (EC: IEA) PMID:1708392; 2019602; 7690968; 7915755; 8125298; 8514861; 9186905; 9215552; 9790667; 10519880; 11167933; 11604260; 11903362; 12000359; 12011083; 12117727; 12119285; 12242561; 12477932; 12777473; 14672608; 14741198; 15128046; 15340076; 15489334; 15533057; 15708352; 16157755; 16372260; 16584175; 16930540; 17088262; 17292862; 17482558; 17697869; 17875655; 18227423; 18791760; 19255064; 19343046; 19671838; 19852851; 19913121; 20149624; 20301583; 20402754; 20450308; 20558929; 20628086; 20654748; 20809279; 20855565; 20877624; 21049985; 21134350; 21258856; 21411718; 21498512; 21958693; 21988832; 22018287; 22185844; 22227097; 22509407; 24096962 cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000135929 HGNC:2605 HPRD:05939 MIM:606530 Vega:OTTHUMG00000048238 Other designations: 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha, 7-alpha, 12-alpha-triol 26-hydroxylase|5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha, 7-alpha, 12-alpha-triol 27-hydroxylase|5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol 27-hydroxylase|cholestanetriol 26-monooxygenase|cytochrome P-450C27/25|cytochrome P450 27|cytochrome P450, subfamily XXVIIA (steroid 27-hydroxylase, cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis), polypeptide 1|sterol 26-hydroxylase, mitochondrial|sterol 27-hydroxylase|vitamin D(3) 25-hydroxylase CYP27A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP2B CYP1 CYP1alpha CYP27B P450c1 PDDR VDD1 VDDR VDDRI VDR WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP27B1 cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 1594 12q14.1 9606 12 GO_0004498 (EC: IDA, PMID:15795327); GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID:15589699); GO_0005739 (EC: ISS); GO_0005739 (EC: TAS, PMID:9333115); GO_0005741 (EC: TAS); GO_0006766 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0006816 (EC: ISS); GO_0008202 (EC: TAS); GO_0008285 (EC: IDA, PMID:16549446); GO_0010956 (EC: IDA, PMID:16549446); GO_0010980 (EC: IDA, PMID:16549446); GO_0020037 (EC: IEA); GO_0030282 (EC: IEP, PMID:17023519); GO_0030308 (EC: IMP, PMID:12496369); GO_0030500 (EC: IMP, PMID:9415400); GO_0032496 (EC: IDA, PMID:12855575); GO_0033280 (EC: IDA, PMID:16549446); GO_0034341 (EC: IDA, PMID:9282826); GO_0036378 (EC: IDA, PMID:15795327); GO_0042359 (EC: IDA, PMID:9415400); GO_0042359 (EC: TAS); GO_0042369 (EC: IEA); GO_0043627 (EC: IEP, PMID:15795327); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0045618 (EC: IMP, PMID:12496369); GO_0046697 (EC: IEP, PMID:16720713); GO_0055074 (EC: IMP, PMID:9415400); GO_0070314 (EC: IMP, PMID:12496369); GO_0070564 (EC: IDA, PMID:16549446) PMID:1662663; 1690216; 1971995; 9282826; 9295274; 9333115; 9344864; 9415400; 9428799; 9486994; 9837822; 10320521; 10359826; 10566658; 11799066; 12039697; 12050193; 12050281; 12107095; 12137802; 12161526; 12386916; 12457456; 12477932; 12496369; 12520522; 12746631; 12855575; 14671156; 15225751; 15243130; 15296474; 15331405; 15342556; 15583024; 15589699; 15795327; 15934135; 15947108; 15951480; 15956353; 16061850; 16549446; 16720713; 17023519; 17079137; 17207990; 17207994; 17223345; 17236759; 17250953; 17254772; 17267208; 17287116; 17368179; 17395559; 17395703; 17426122; 17488797; 17606874; 17878529; 17932346; 18476984; 18495603; 18676680; 18689381; 18767073; 18767934; 18768522; 18843020; 19064572; 19154546; 19170196; 19219539; 19255064; 19343046; 19453261; 19454612; 19505920; 19524013; 19525955; 19625176; 19667158; 19706847; 19783860; 19852851; 19891555; 19913121; 19951419; 19966181; 19998245; 20007432; 20082271; 20152900; 20304056; 20453000; 20518841; 20534770; 20619365; 20628086; 20648053; 20654748; 20687218; 20701904; 20809279; 20831823; 20847308; 20877624; 21107545; 21145801; 21440908; 21441443; 21542014; 21833088; 21869486; 22190362; 22326730; 22443290; 22446158; 22511602; 22516854; 22547098; 22588163; 22612324; 22963605; 22995334; 23045480; 23063903; 23149444; 23286944; 23334593; 23423976; 23444327; 23483640; 23614044; 23894780; 24308945 cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000111012 HGNC:2606 HPRD:02031 MIM:609506 Vega:OTTHUMG00000170457 Other designations: 1alpha(OH)ase|25 hydroxyvitamin D3-1-alpha hydroxylase|25-OHD-1 alpha-hydroxylase|25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial|VD3 1A hydroxylase|calcidiol 1-monooxygenase|cytochrome P450 subfamily XXVIIB polypeptide 1|cytochrome P450C1 alpha|cytochrome P450VD1-alpha|cytochrome p450 27B1 CYP27B1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He CP51 CYP51 CYPL1 LDM P450-14DM P450L1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene CYP51A1 cytochrome P450, family 51, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 1595 7q21.2 9606 7 GO_0005506 (EC: IEA); GO_0005783 (EC: IDA); GO_0005789 (EC: TAS); GO_0006694 (EC: IDA); GO_0006695 (EC: TAS); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS); GO_0008398 (EC: IDA); GO_0016021 (EC: IEA); GO_0016125 (EC: TAS); GO_0020037 (EC: IDA); GO_0033488 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0070988 (EC: IDA) PMID:8024575; 8619637; 8797093; 8809088; 8845856; 8975714; 11678326; 12145339; 12477932; 12690205; 12824470; 12853948; 14702039; 15128046; 15489334; 15611056; 16344560; 18660489; 18676367; 19322201; 20149798; 20547249; 21139048; 21890473; 21906983; 21963094; 21987572; 21988832; 22053931; 22180046; 23000965; 24362992; 24502137 cytochrome P450, family 51, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000001630 HGNC:2649 HPRD:03381 MIM:601637 Vega:OTTHUMG00000131131 Other designations: CYPLI|cytochrome P450 51A1|cytochrome P450, 51 (lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase)|cytochrome P450-14DM|cytochrome P45014DM|cytochrome P450LI|lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase|lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase|sterol 14-alpha demethylase CYP51A1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He DOC-2 DOC2 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene DAB2 Dab, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein, homolog 2 (Drosophila) 1601 5p13.1 20140408 9606 5 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000904 (EC: IEA); GO_0001701 (EC: IEA); GO_0001921 (EC: IEA); GO_0001934 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_0005178 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 11387212); GO_0005546 (EC: IEA); GO_0005730 (EC: IDA); GO_0005765 (EC: TAS); GO_0005886 (EC: IDA); GO_0005886 (EC: TAS); GO_0005905 (EC: IDA, PMID: 12857860); GO_0006907 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: IEA); GO_0007257 (EC: IEA); GO_0007492 (EC: IEA); GO_0007588 (EC: IEA); GO_0008022 (EC: IPI, PMID: 15837803); GO_0008283 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9620555); GO_0010718 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15734730); GO_0010862 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11387212); GO_0015031 (EC: IEA); GO_0016055 (EC: IEA); GO_0016324 (EC: IEA); GO_0030099 (EC: IEA); GO_0030132 (EC: IEA); GO_0030335 (EC: IEA); GO_0030511 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11387212); GO_0030665 (EC: IEA); GO_0032091 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_0032436 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_0032968 (EC: IEA); GO_0035612 (EC: IEA); GO_0035615 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16984970); GO_0038024 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16984970); GO_0043066 (EC: IDA, PMID: 15734730); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA); GO_0045807 (EC: IMP); GO_0045892 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_0045893 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_0046332 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11387212); GO_0048268 (EC: IEA); GO_0060391 (EC: IDA, PMID: 11387212); GO_0060766 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16267015); GO_0061024 (EC: TAS); GO_0070022 (EC: IDA, Qualifier: colocalizes_with, PMID: 11387212); GO_0071560 (EC: IEA); GO_0090090 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_1900026 (EC: IEA); GO_2000096 (EC: IMP, PMID: 12805222); GO_2000370 (EC: IMP, PMID: 16984970); GO_2000643 (EC: IMP); GO_2001046 (EC: IEA); GO_2001237 (EC: IEA) PMID: 8314147; 8660969; 8889548; 9569023; 9620555; 10340382; 10542228; 10769163; 11039902; 11161789; 11247302; 11371563; 11387212; 11812785; 11906161; 11927540; 11967127; 12473651; 12477932; 12606711; 12805222; 12853125; 12857860; 12881709; 14596919; 14669280; 15134832; 15231748; 15247260; 15280374; 15302935; 15489334; 15734730; 15837803; 15894542; 16061224; 16267015; 16713569; 16870701; 16964243; 16984970; 17009406; 17081983; 17110338; 17115114; 17187061; 17474147; 17671122; 18070591; 18354201; 18429820; 18582465; 19204726; 19423540; 19531213; 19581412; 19738201; 19767570; 19855435; 19956625; 20379614; 20383146; 20406964; 20438785; 20448150; 20525238; 20592473; 20628624; 20936779; 21063401; 21097498; 21139048; 21496867; 21573318; 21725366; 21963094; 21987572; 21988832; 21995445; 22158540; 22218591; 22265793; 22323290; 22399289; 22558309; 22648170; 22705885; 22898784; 22977233; 23005040; 23263486; 23817569; 23909735; 24186266 Dab, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein, homolog 2 (Drosophila) Ensembl:ENSG00000153071 HGNC:2662 HPRD:03139 MIM:601236 Vega:OTTHUMG00000162043 Other designations: differentially-expressed protein 2|disabled homolog 2|disabled homolog 2, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein DAB2 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He DDIT1 GADD45 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene GADD45A growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha 1647 RP5-975D15.1 1p31.2 9606 1 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000079 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10747892); GO_0000185 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9827804); GO_0001047 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 12716909); GO_0005634 (EC: IDA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9827804); GO_0006281 (EC: TAS, PMID: 7973727); GO_0006469 (EC: IEA); GO_0006915 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10828065); GO_0007050 (EC: IEA); GO_0007098 (EC: IEA); GO_0042770 (EC: IMP); GO_0043065 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9827804); GO_0046330 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9827804); GO_0071260 (EC: IEP, PMID: 19593445); GO_0071479 (EC: IMP); GO_1900745 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9827804); GO_2000379 (EC: IMP) PMID: 1990262; 7478510; 7478594; 7784094; 7798274; 7973727; 8226988; 9178907; 9705499; 9827804; 10022855; 10362260; 10747892; 10828065; 10872826; 10912791; 10973963; 11076863; 11256614; 11498536; 11777930; 11893252; 12124778; 12168790; 12171872; 12477932; 12483522; 12716909; 12748288; 14506229; 14517299; 14586402; 14635187; 14647444; 15203190; 15328371; 15353598; 15489334; 15489336; 15616591; 15623356; 15642443; 15644315; 15650754; 15735726; 15736438; 15899854; 16157202; 16169070; 16189514; 16353139; 16381901; 16421274; 16772293; 16827157; 16951143; 16997058; 17140287; 17178890; 17230496; 17436581; 17474084; 17599061; 17616671; 17703175; 18243530; 18296737; 18350249; 18369439; 18413758; 18472964; 18480060; 18611122; 18760377; 18950845; 19048389; 19052873; 19064572; 19128509; 19190346; 19298651; 19452502; 19459735; 19536092; 19550118; 19593445; 19596022; 19728081; 19789190; 20012529; 20131288; 20444249; 20460379; 20639865; 20652500; 20932473; 21048031; 21120602; 21139048; 21211282; 21368893; 21739277; 21813510; 21890473; 21900206; 21906983; 21931671; 21963094; 21986581; 21988832; 22135303; 22313682; 22430142; 22521726; 22718299; 22825327; 22970179; 23000965; 23071284; 23114628; 23158659; 23187294; 23227140; 23478041; 23485469; 23563151; 23603344; 23616123; 23706118; 24104470; 24104471; 24104476 growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha Ensembl:ENSG00000116717 HGNC:4095 HPRD:00528 MIM:126335 Vega:OTTHUMG00000009374 Other designations: DDIT-1|DNA damage-inducible transcript 1 protein|DNA damage-inducible transcript-1|DNA-damage-inducible transcript 1|growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha|growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 alpha GADD45A Other designations: C/EBP zeta|CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein|DDIT-3|DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein|c/EBP-homologous protein 10|growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD153 DDIT3 DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3 Ensembl:ENSG00000175197 HGNC:2726 HPRD:00529 MIM:126337 NCBI-Human-GeneID:1649 CEBPZ CHOP CHOP-10 CHOP10 GAD153 DDIT3 NCBI-Human-GeneID:1649 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1649 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He HLR2 P54 RCK WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene DDX6 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box helicase 6 1656 11q23.3 9606 11 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0000288 (EC: TAS); GO_0000932 (EC: IDA, PMID: 16699599); GO_0003724 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1579499); GO_0004386 (EC: TAS, PMID: 1394235); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 16364915); GO_0005524 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0008026 (EC: IEA); GO_0010467 (EC: TAS); GO_0010494 (EC: IDA, PMID: 17392519); GO_0016070 (EC: TAS); GO_0016071 (EC: TAS); GO_0016442 (EC: IDA); GO_0033962 (EC: IDA); GO_0043231 (EC: IDA); GO_0043928 (EC: TAS); GO_0044822 (EC: IDA) PMID: 1394235; 1579499; 7614484; 8816452; 10319407; 10360675; 10737800; 11839790; 12477932; 12823589; 14684915; 14702039; 15489334; 16147992; 16344560; 16364915; 16611246; 16699599; 16756390; 17207965; 17353931; 17392519; 17898068; 18378046; 18769115; 19285948; 19297524; 19380743; 19542561; 19560422; 19738201; 20020773; 20158304; 20360068; 20392846; 20884783; 21030982; 21110914; 21139048; 21145461; 21383967; 21906983; 21957497; 22022269; 22190034; 22203041; 22268729; 22505724; 22797925; 22836354; 22851315; 22939629; 22951725; 22965301; 23293030; 23455922; 23535175; 23602568; 23826300; 23932921; 24130170; 24255178; 24457600 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box helicase 6 HGNC:2747 HPRD:02638 MIM:600326 Other designations: ATP-dependent RNA helicase p54|DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 6|DEAD box protein 6|DEAD box-6|DEAD/H (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) box polypeptide 6 (RNA helicase, 54kD)|oncogene RCK|probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX6 DDX6 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He DHFRP1 DYR WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene DHFR dihydrofolate reductase 1719 5q11.2-q13.2 20140408 9606 5 protein-coding Official from a nomenclature committee PMID: 1731871; 1935897; 2248959; 2592384; 2859520; 3185016; 3383852; 6235374; 6306253; 6323448; 6504041; 6687716; 6750132; 8527095; 8559246; 8976559; 9119086; 9374868; 10749676; 10898545; 11448909; 11779239; 11964483; 11996001; 12084458; 12096917; 12384595; 12477932; 12588981; 12612070; 12788094; 12812497; 14664697; 14679136; 14735580; 15039552; 15489334; 15755837; 15817466; 16116078; 16124424; 16196087; 16467096; 16735474; 16969375; 17237763; 17336564; 17413111; 17449906; 17486595; 17597297; 17683969; 17917571; 18045573; 18056255; 18093916; 18247058; 18451149; 18498051; 18636124; 18676680; 18682947; 18785313; 18799873; 18818748; 18988749; 19019335; 19022952; 19048631; 19055622; 19064572; 19064578; 19161160; 19170196; 19196009; 19336370; 19353223; 19360472; 19461557; 19471022; 19493349; 19527514; 19533788; 19536847; 19578876; 19625176; 19666584; 19683694; 19692168; 19706381; 19727391; 19776634; 19861437; 19898482; 19913121; 20031554; 20237949; 20347265; 20472929; 20544798; 20615890; 20628086; 20634891; 20639865; 20670920; 20737570; 20834190; 20948192; 21120433; 21310276; 21310277; 21857842; 21890473; 21906983; 21963094; 22005284; 22024482; 22324981; 22505724; 22797925; 22954684; 22994778; 23000965; 23053953; 23197646; 23421317; 23707606; 23726796; 23733948; 23838799; 24053334; 24077226 dihydrofolate reductase Ensembl:ENSG00000228716 HGNC:2861 HPRD:00519 MIM:126060 Vega:OTTHUMG00000162529 DHFR Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He DHQU DIA4 DTD NMOR1 NMORI QR1 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene NQO1 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 1728 16q22.1 9606 16 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0003955 (EC: IEA); GO_0004128 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9579781); GO_0004784 (EC: IEA); GO_0005515 (EC: IPI, PMID: 18388957); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006521 (EC: TAS); GO_0006801 (EC: IEA); GO_0006805 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10393963); GO_0006809 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9579781); GO_0006979 (EC: IEA); GO_0007271 (EC: TAS, PMID: 9579781); GO_0007568 (EC: IEA); GO_0007584 (EC: IEA); GO_0009636 (EC: TAS, PMID: 10393963); GO_0032355 (EC: IEA); GO_0034641 (EC: TAS); GO_0043025 (EC: IEA); GO_0043086 (EC: IEA); GO_0043525 (EC: IEA); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0044822 (EC: IDA); GO_0045471 (EC: IEA) PMID: 1340765; 1657151; 1737339; 2071140; 2843525; 8125298; 9230185; 9579781; 10393963; 10447260; 10487530; 10543876; 10706635; 11051261; 11219774; 11319169; 11520401; 11551408; 11679176; 11688992; 11701227; 11722480; 11766168; 11773862; 11774269; 11810042; 11821413; 11840286; 11888914; 11894133; 11895912; 11943609; 11948402; 11956078; 11967624; 12018106; 12036913; 12037698; 12163326; 12164325; 12171070; 12171760; 12172217; 12232053; 12370194; 12383707; 12393447; 12393620; 12397416; 12417987; 12419832; 12439220; 12460800; 12468438; 12477932; 12480594; 12529318; 12694753; 12711112; 12713578; 12718576; 12718704; 12771035; 12777965; 12834817; 12854127; 12867492; 12960511; 13130177; 14506737; 14568289; 14592434; 14634213; 14634838; 14669229; 14675732; 14688016; 14694720; 14716779; 14720419; 14729580; 14985350; 15028279; 15061915; 15079792; 15111988; 15116053; 15138483; 15151706; 15184245; 15196853; 15219943; 15226677; 15279067; 15280903; 15298951; 15312971; 15334552; 15352038; 15355699; 15365958; 15370874; 15382274; 15385560; 15466980; 15489334; 15498787; 15590400; 15618957; 15640066; 15661231; 15694256; 15714076; 15727169; 15731166; 15734732; 15746160; 15747169; 15748501; 15749015; 15763338; 15767364; 15781212; 15808404; 15829318; 15838728; 15938845; 16003741; 16006997; 16038261; 16039674; 16054862; 16079101; 16157195; 16170238; 16172237; 16235982; 16235998; 16266898; 16284498; 16297214; 16321221; 16341674; 16343742; 16369108; 16385446; 16413497; 16520888; 16532285; 16595077; 16598069; 16610002; 16620556; 16702380; 16775388; 16818284; 16978807; 16985026; 17011189; 17027152; 17082176; 17113562; 17118447; 17119198; 17164365; 17166422; 17178637; 17179690; 17188257; 17332305; 17332311; 17337051; 17363580; 17367411; 17372252; 17378176; 17395013; 17400324; 17405841; 17424838; 17428572; 17449559; 17469025; 17476281; 17496311; 17507624; 17541156; 17575500; 17581325; 17603928; 17619904; 17644186; 17652311; 17669387; 17726138; 17869325; 17885617; 17901563; 18024413; 18029348; 18034618; 18061666; 18061941; 18074351; 18091324; 18098117; 18156703; 18203021; 18214807; 18218609; 18225579; 18253865; 18388957; 18393254; 18404535; 18407955; 18413200; 18416817; 18444152; 18444911; 18457324; 18510611; 18511948; 18569591; 18587252; 18601742; 18632753; 18636124; 18676018; 18676680; 18720901; 18784359; 18798003; 18813798; 18820947; 18836923; 18936436; 18945694; 18950733; 18977034; 18981090; 18986377; 18992148; 19012493; 19012698; 19017358; 19027876; 19027952; 19059883; 19074885; 19096102; 19138946; 19151739; 19162321; 19170196; 19174490; 19179423; 19214744; 19229058; 19251446; 19330589; 19336370; 19339270; 19360290; 19362588; 19382518; 19415745; 19456854; 19494791; 19549356; 19591959; 19593802; 19596483; 19625176; 19628038; 19651439; 19652895; 19657853; 19661089; 19671875; 19688691; 19692168; 19705749; 19715479; 19736056; 19738201; 19759547; 19778569; 19789190; 19808663; 19822020; 19899130; 19913121; 19952119; 20026093; 20027111; 20028737; 20049130; 20049212; 20056632; 20085630; 20091863; 20100551; 20110814; 20193673; 20194081; 20198579; 20200430; 20204281; 20214802; 20226854; 20331656; 20371868; 20373852; 20375710; 20391128; 20437850; 20453000; 20461808; 20480521; 20480816; 20511665; 20526719; 20526805; 20534171; 20568895; 20593958; 20599494; 20613985; 20628086; 20634891; 20663217; 20701904; 20819778; 20824655; 20851451; 20878130; 20935060; 20951227; 20962519; 20966810; 21041608; 21073132; 21117316; 21133623; 21139048; 21176850; 21211285; 21220432; 21253823; 21294640; 21329464; 21351093; 21479364; 21480392; 21502369; 21518531; 21524888; 21531452; 21577322; 21602889; 21605663; 21706157; 21718050; 21755707; 21756955; 21800014; 21861350; 21906983; 21946896; 21963094; 21964527; 21989715; 22016051; 22017531; 22021338; 22116627; 22215148; 22249251; 22272361; 22306249; 22387672; 22393995; 22483869; 22586705; 22623428; 22736108; 22770696; 22793692; 22853296; 22911602; 22925602; 22939629; 22960073; 22972504; 22976839; 22984577; 23000965; 23054000; 23065291; 23066387; 23066397; 23086932; 23110137; 23215885; 23249637; 23275341; 23276910; 23360829; 23390006; 23458878; 23468244; 23497461; 23643325; 23648480; 23651475; 23725139; 23749485; 23803694; 23824909; 23840148; 23852860; 23860519; 23873104; 23893397; 23918565; 24053646; 24140708 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 Ensembl:ENSG00000181019 HGNC:2874 HPRD:00518 MIM:125860 Vega:OTTHUMG00000137575 Other designations: DT-diaphorase|NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1|NAD(P)H:Quinone acceptor oxidoreductase type 1|NAD(P)H:menadione oxidoreductase 1|NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1|NAD(P)H:quinone oxireductase|azoreductase|diaphorase (NADH/NADPH) (cytochrome b-5 reductase)|diaphorase-4|dioxin-inducible 1|menadione reductase|phylloquinone reductase|quinone reductase 1 NQO1 Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He DHP DHPDHASE DPD WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene DPYD dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase 1806 1p22 9606 1 Official from a nomenclature committee GO_0004158 (EC: IEA); GO_0005737 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1512248); GO_0005829 (EC: IDA, PMID: 9348115); GO_0005829 (EC: TAS); GO_0006145 (EC: IMP, PMID: 11988088); GO_0006206 (EC: TAS); GO_0006208 (EC: IMP, PMID: 11988088); GO_0006208 (EC: ISS); GO_0006210 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10410956); GO_0006212 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1512248); GO_0006214 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1512248); GO_0006222 (EC: IEA); GO_0017113 (EC: IDA, PMID: 10410956); GO_0017113 (EC: IMP, PMID: 11988088); GO_0017113 (EC: ISS); GO_0017113 (EC: TAS); GO_0019483 (EC: IEA); GO_0042803 (EC: IDA, PMID: 1512248); GO_0042803 (EC: ISS); GO_0044281 (EC: TAS); GO_0046135 (EC: TAS); GO_0046872 (EC: IEA); GO_0050660 (EC: ISS); GO_0050661 (EC: ISS); GO_0051539 (EC: IEA); GO_0055086 (EC: TAS) PMID: 1512248; 1544906; 1901022; 2319593; 2528450; 3335642; 7713523; 8083224; 8221682; 8892022; 9135003; 9170156; 9266349; 9348115; 9439663; 9464498; 10410956; 10606257; 10923099; 11072080; 11267945; 11555601; 11862480; 11895907; 11988088; 11992400; 12025228; 12047484; 12209976; 12360106; 12477932; 12576451; 12822071; 12844478; 12851836; 14519634; 14562021; 14654904; 14702180; 15017333; 15025795; 15069545; 15102667; 15132136; 15254700; 15316940; 15709212; 15939134; 15993511; 15999119; 16021908; 16132996; 16328315; 16344560; 16361556; 16771603; 16786143; 16806531; 16820886; 16969493; 17000685; 17046731; 17121937; 17165084; 17203168; 17335544; 17375478; 17377791; 17397246; 17417073; 17445431; 17582309; 17582310; 17612628; 17699798; 17828463; 17848752; 17876700; 17905396; 18004243; 18075467; 18225548; 18299612; 18347391; 18443386; 18452418; 18537153; 18619742; 18705276; 18937829; 19020767; 19104657; 19154585; 19178088; 19288105; 19295264; 19296131; 19343046; 19473056; 19530960; 19546880; 19571608; 19636001; 19724871; 19795123; 19822137; 19858398; 19898482; 19956635; 20037211; 20157331; 20379614; 20385995; 20407238; 20453000; 20507294; 20530282; 20544545; 20570913; 20647221; 20647710; 20653680; 20665215; 20714149; 20714877; 20803296; 20809970; 20819423; 20837458; 21057378; 21111509; 21114665; 21498394; 21507922; 21612699; 21822266; 21919605; 21963094; 21965773; 21987572; 22003227; 22006578; 22143355; 22199347; 22270332; 22306127; 22339448; 22490566; 22505724; 22510597; 22593457; 22641663; 22688191; 22939629; 23313143; 23401991; 23453885; 23588312; 23603345; 23736036; 23781135; 23930673; 23960437; 23974872; 24104963 dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase Ensembl:ENSG00000188641 HGNC:3012 HPRD:02036 MIM:612779 Vega:OTTHUMG00000039683 Other designations: dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]|dihydrothymine dehydrogenase|dihydrouracil dehydrogenase DPYD Bin Zhao, Yue Liu, Oliver He DIP DSIPI GILZ TSC-22R hDIP WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene TSC22D3 TSC22 domain family, member 3 1831 RP13-364K23.1 Xq22.3