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    "# Part IV: Semantic Fuzzing\n",
    "\n",
    "This part introduces test generation techniques that take the _semantics_ of the input into account, notably the behavior of the program that processes the input.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Fuzzing with Constraints](FuzzingWithConstraints.ipynb) adds _semantic constraints_ to grammars. By solving these automatically, we can produce inputs that are syntactically _and_ semantically valid.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Grammar Mining](GrammarMiner.ipynb) shows how to extract an input grammar from a program by analyzing how individual parts of the input are processed.  The resulting grammars can be directly used for fuzzing.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Tracking Information Flow](InformationFlow.ipynb) shows how to track inputs throughout the program, in order to discover information leaks and further improve analysis techniques.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Concolic Fuzzing](ConcolicFuzzer.ipynb) analyzes program code to solve _path constraints_ in the program to cover branches and behaviors that are hard to reach.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Symbolic Fuzzing](SymbolicFuzzer.ipynb) works like concolic fuzzing, but does not require any executions at all.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Mining Function Specifications](DynamicInvariants.ipynb) extracts type information as well as pre- and postconditions from program executions – useful information for program analysis, testing, and verification.\n"
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