If you are wondering where the individuals that were previously in geo.owl have gone, they have been moved to other OWL files according to a modularization strategy that seeks to avoid compiling all possible geographical entities into one, giant, outsized file. For example: nations and their dependencies are now in nation-and-dependency-instances.owl available at http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/geo/nation-and-dependency-instances.owl For a full list of PURLs, see the geo.yml file here: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OBOFoundry/purl.obolibrary.org/master/config/geo.yml
Amanda Hicks
Katrina M. Donovan
Mathias Brochhausen
William R. Hogan
Geographical Entity Ontology
When citing the Geographical Entities Ontology (GEO), use the permanent URL of the ontology: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/geo.owl. When referencing a specific component of GEO such as a class, object property, or individual, use that component's Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).
production version 2016-03-26
BFO OWL specification label
BFO CLIF specification label
US State Two Digit Identifier
US State Two Letter Abbreviation
US State Ens Identifier
UN Numerical Code
ISO 3166-1-alpha-3 code
ISO 3166-1-alpha-2 code
Proposed Apollo Location Code
ISO 3166-2 code
geonameid
integer id of record in geonames database
geonames admin1 code
fipscode (subject to change to iso code), see exceptions below, see file admin1Codes.txt for display names of this code; varchar(20)
geonames admin2 code
code for the second administrative division, a county in the US, see file admin2Codes.txt; varchar(80)
geonames admin3 code
code for third level administrative division, varchar(20)
geonames admin4 code
code for fourth level administrative division, varchar(20)
editor preferred label
editor preferred term
editor preferred term~editor preferred label
example of usage
has curation status
definition
editor note
definition editor
term editor
alternative term
definition source
curator note
imported from
elucidation
has associated axiom(nl)
has associated axiom(fol)
NIAID GSCID-BRC alternative term
Source
has_definition
aggregate of
aggregate_of
is aggregate of
Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'occupies spatial region at some time@en' is: exists t, exists_at(x,t) & exists_at(y,t) & 'occupies spatial region@en'(x,y,t)
b occupies_spatial_region r at t means that r is a spatial region in which independent continuant b is exactly located (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [041-002])
every region r is occupies_spatial_region r at all times. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [042-002])
if b occupies_spatial_region r at t & b continuant_part_of b at t, then there is some r which is continuant_part_of r at t such that b occupies_spatial_region r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [043-001])
(forall (r t) (if (Region r) (occupiesSpatialRegionAt r r t))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [042-002]
(forall (x r t) (if (occupiesSpatialRegionAt x r t) (and (SpatialRegion r) (IndependentContinuant x)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [041-002]
(forall (x y r_1 t) (if (and (occupiesSpatialRegionAt x r_1 t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (exists (r_2) (and (continuantPartOfAt r_2 r_1 t) (occupiesSpatialRegionAt y r_2 t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [043-001]
occupies spatial region at some time
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times that whole exists'] forall(t) exists_at(y,t) -> exists_at(x,t) and 'part of continuant'(x,y,t)
b has_continuant_part c at t = Def. c continuant_part_of b at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [006-001])
Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance-level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'has continuant part at all times@en' is: forall(t) exists_at(x,t) -> exists_at(y,t) and 'has continuant part@en(x,y,t)'.
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times that whole exists'] This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance level, relation. Unlike the rest of the temporalized relations which temporally quantify over existence of the subject of the relation, this relation temporally quantifies over the existence of the object of the relation. The relation is provided tentatively, to assess whether the GO needs such a relation. It is inverse of 'has continuant part at all times'
(iff (hasContinuantPartAt a b t) (continuantPartOfAt b a t)) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [006-001]
has continuant part at all times
b has_proper_continuant_part c at t = Def. c proper_continuant_part_of b at t. [XXX-001
Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance-level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'has proper continuant part at all times@en' is: forall(t) exists_at(x,t) -> exists_at(y,t) and 'has proper continuant part@en(x,y,t)'.
has proper continuant part at all times
[copied from inverse property 'occupies spatial region at some time'] Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'occupies spatial region at some time@en' is: exists t, exists_at(x,t) & exists_at(y,t) & 'occupies spatial region@en'(x,y,t)
[copied from inverse property 'occupies spatial region at some time'] BFO2 Reference: independent continuant
[copied from inverse property 'occupies spatial region at some time'] BFO2 Reference: spatial region
[copied from inverse property 'occupies spatial region at some time'] b occupies_spatial_region r at t means that r is a spatial region in which independent continuant b is exactly located (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [041-002])
has spatial occupant at some time
b proper_continuant_part_of c at t =Def. b continuant_part_of c at t & b and c are not identical. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [004-001])
Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance-level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'proper part of continuant at all times@en' is: forall(t) exists_at(x,t) -> exists_at(y,t) and 'proper part of continuant@en(x,y,t)'.
(iff (properContinuantPartOfAt a b t) (and (continuantPartOfAt a b t) (not (= a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [004-001]
proper part of continuant at all times
Mary’s arm continuant_part_of Mary in the time of her life prior to her operation
the Northern hemisphere of the planet Earth is a part of the planet Earth at all times at which the planet Earth exists.
[copied from inverse property 'has continuant part at all times that part exists'] forall(t) exists_at(y,t) -> exists_at(x,t) and 'has continuant part'(x,y,t)
Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance-level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'part of continuant at all times@en' is: forall(t) exists_at(x,t) -> exists_at(y,t) and 'part of continuant@en(x,y,t)'.
BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are in some cases continuant parts of their material hosts. Thus the hold of a ship, for example, is a part of the ship; it may itself have parts, which may have names (used for example by ship stow planners, customs inspectors, and the like). Immaterial entities under both 1. and 2. can be of zero, one, two or three dimensions. We define:a(immaterial entity)[Definition: a is an immaterial entity = Def. a is an independent continuant that has no material entities as parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [028-001])
BFO 2 Reference: a (continuant or occurrent) part of itself. We appreciate that this is counterintuitive for some users, since it implies for example that President Obama is a part of himself. However it brings benefits in simplifying the logical formalism, and it captures an important feature of identity, namely that it is the limit case of mereological inclusion.
BFO2 Reference: continuantThe range for ‘t’ (as in all cases throughout this document unless otherwise specified) is: temporal region.
[copied from inverse property 'has continuant part at all times that part exists'] This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance level, relation. Unlike the rest of the temporalized relations which temporally quantify over existence of the subject of the relation, this relation temporally quantifies over the existence of the object of the relation. The relation is provided tentatively, to assess whether the GO needs such a relation. It is inverse of 'part of continuant at all times'
b continuant_part_of c at t =Def. b is a part of c at t & t is a time & b and c are continuants. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [002-001])
continuant_part_of is antisymmetric. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [120-001])
continuant_part_of is reflexive (every continuant entity is a continuant_part_of itself). (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [111-002])
continuant_part_of is transitive. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [110-001])
continuant_part_of satisfies unique product. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [122-001])
continuant_part_of satisfies weak supplementation. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [121-001])
if b continuant_part_of c at t and b is an independent continuant, then b is located_in c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [047-002])
(forall (x t) (if (Continuant x) (continuantPartOfAt x x t))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [111-002]
(forall (x y t) (if (and (continuantPartOfAt x y t) (IndependentContinuant x)) (locatedInAt x y t))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [047-002]
(forall (x y t) (if (and (continuantPartOfAt x y t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (= x y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [120-001]
(forall (x y t) (if (and (continuantPartOfAt x y t) (not (= x y))) (exists (z) (and (continuantPartOfAt z y t) (not (exists (w) (and (continuantPartOfAt w x t) (continuantPartOfAt w z t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [121-001]
(forall (x y t) (if (exists (v) (and (continuantPartOfAt v x t) (continuantPartOfAt v y t))) (exists (z) (forall (u w) (iff (iff (continuantPartOfAt w u t) (and (continuantPartOfAt w x t) (continuantPartOfAt w y t))) (= z u)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [122-001]
(forall (x y z t) (if (and (continuantPartOfAt x y t) (continuantPartOfAt y z t)) (continuantPartOfAt x z t))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [110-001]
(iff (ImmaterialEntity a) (and (IndependentContinuant a) (not (exists (b t) (and (MaterialEntity b) (continuantPartOfAt b a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [028-001]
part of continuant at all times
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] Mary’s arm continuant_part_of Mary in the time of her life prior to her operation
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] the Northern hemisphere of the planet Earth is a part of the planet Earth at all times at which the planet Earth exists.
forall(t) exists_at(y,t) -> exists_at(x,t) and 'has continuant part'(x,y,t)
This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance level, relation. Unlike the rest of the temporalized relations which temporally quantify over existence of the subject of the relation, this relation temporally quantifies over the existence of the object of the relation. The relation is provided tentatively, to assess whether the GO needs such a relation. It is inverse of 'part of continuant at all times'
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] Alan Ruttenberg: This is a binary version of a ternary time-indexed, instance-level, relation. The BFO reading of the binary relation 'part of continuant at all times@en' is: forall(t) exists_at(x,t) -> exists_at(y,t) and 'part of continuant@en(x,y,t)'.
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are in some cases continuant parts of their material hosts. Thus the hold of a ship, for example, is a part of the ship; it may itself have parts, which may have names (used for example by ship stow planners, customs inspectors, and the like). Immaterial entities under both 1. and 2. can be of zero, one, two or three dimensions. We define:a(immaterial entity)[Definition: a is an immaterial entity = Def. a is an independent continuant that has no material entities as parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [028-001])
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] BFO 2 Reference: a (continuant or occurrent) part of itself. We appreciate that this is counterintuitive for some users, since it implies for example that President Obama is a part of himself. However it brings benefits in simplifying the logical formalism, and it captures an important feature of identity, namely that it is the limit case of mereological inclusion.
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] BFO2 Reference: continuant
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] BFO2 Reference: continuantThe range for ‘t’ (as in all cases throughout this document unless otherwise specified) is: temporal region.
[copied from inverse property 'part of continuant at all times'] b continuant_part_of c at t =Def. b is a part of c at t & t is a time & b and c are continuants. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [002-001])
has continuant part at all times that part exists
is in aggregate
A governing organization G1 is subordinate to another governing organization G2 iff there is some authority possessed by G2 that is not possessed by G1 and G1's jurisdiction falls within the relevant jurisdiction of G2.
'is subordinate authority of' Domain: governing organization Range: governing organization Formal properties: transitive, anti-symmetric, irreflexive Natural language definition: A governing organization G1 is subordinate to another governing organization G2 iff there is some authority possessed by G2 that is not possessed by G1 and G1 falls within the relevant jurisdiction of G2.
is subordinate authority of
It is not intended to be maximal, in the sense that if a has_jurisdiction_in b, and b is not part of c, then a NOT has_jurisdiction_in c. in other words, it is perfectly fine to say: a disjoint b c has_jurisdiction_in a c has_jurisdiction_in b otherwise, we'd end up creating some mereological sum of all the islands, contiguous land masses, etc. of the United States, calling it "United States territory", asserting United States has_jurisdiction_in United States territory, then figuring out all the parts of that territory like islands, etc. We'd end up doing the same thing for every sovereign state, major administrative subdivision (at least those like Hawaii that are multiple), etc. Seems like an unnecessary duplication of entities.
a governmental organization has jurisdiction in particular territories (areas of land), which means that it can make and enforce laws that govern peoples living in those territories.
if a has_jurisdiction_in b, then a has_jurisdiction_in all parts of b.
has jurisdiction in
has measurement unit label
A relation between a value specification and its unit of measurement.
This document is about information artifacts and their representations
is_about is a (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic.
person:Alan Ruttenberg
Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
is about
has_specified_input
see is_input_of example_of_usage
8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
is_specified_input_of
some Autologous EBV(Epstein-Barr virus)-transformed B-LCL (B lymphocyte cell line) is_input_for instance of Chromum Release Assay described at https://wiki.cbil.upenn.edu/obiwiki/index.php/Chromium_Release_assay
Alan Ruttenberg
has_specified_output
is_specified_output_of
A relation between an information content entity and a value specification that specifies its value.
participates in
participates_in
has participant
has_participant
A relation between a scalar measurement data item and a number that quantifies it.
The range should probably not be restricted to "float". It makes sense to set it to "real". However we do not know how this change will affect SPARQL queries, so we have left the range as-is for now.
has measurement value
An organization that governs the people living in a particular geographical region or aggregate of geographical regions. The geographical region it governs can change over time (such as the westward expansion of the United States and the addition of Hawaii)
In some cases, geopolitical entities possess uninhabited geographical regions. However, it is that case that it controls the movement of people in and out of those regions, and its laws apply to those regions.
geopolitical entity
obsolete aggregate of governmental organizations
An aggregate of geopoliticial entities. Examples include the group of states of the United States, the nations of North America, and so on.
taken over by GEO_0000000401
obsolete group of governmental organizations
A geopolitical entity that is self contained and recognizes no higher political authority than itself.
nation
a governmental organization that has a local, regional, or territorial government that recognizes a sovereign state as its higher political authority
subnational entity
A subnational entity that is the primary organizational member of a nation, is subject to the full set of laws of the nation, enjoys all the privileges established under the laws of the nation, is not a member of any other geopolitical entity, and itself governs a part of the geographical region governed by the nation.
examples: Northern Ireland, Florida
major administrative subdivision
A subnational entity that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a sovereign state, but remains politically outside of the controlling state and controls a geographical region that is outside the controlling state's integral region.
Typically, the common feature is that the dependency does not conduct foreign affairs, and relegates this authority to the sovereign state. But otherwise, it is largely or completely autonomous relative to the administrative subdivisions. Examples include Puerto Rico (U.S.), Guam (U.S.), Greenland (Denmark), French Polynesia (France), and Falkland Islands (United Kingdom).
geopolitical dependency
An aggregate of governmental organizations that is not itself a major administrative subdivision and whose members are only major administrative subdivisions that have some feature in common.
Examples: all the major administrative subdivisions of the United States (which is different from the U.S. itself), all the major administrative subdivisions with a bicameral legislature, all the major administrative subdivisions with a judiciary, etc.
aggregate of major administrative subdivisions
group of major administrative subdivisions
An aggregate of governmental organizations that is not itself a geopolitical dependency and whose members are only geopolitical dependencies that have some feature in common.
Examples: all the dependencies of the United States, all of the dependencies whose territory is located in the Carribean Sea, French Overseas Collectivities, Biritish Crown Dependencies.
aggregate of dependencies
group of dependencies
subcontinental land mass
contiguous continental land mass
per the definition of 'contiguous' of "being in actual contact : touching along a boundary or at a point", these land masses share boundaries with other land masses that are part of the same continent, and thus are not surrounded by water like an island. At some point, we need an 'adjacent to' relation if BFO doesn't provide it. One question is whether this class encompasses fiat parts of islands.
contiguous land mass
An aggregate of organizations that is not itself a governmental organization, has only governmental organizations as members, and has at least two governmental organizations as members.
aggregate of governmental organizations
A subcontinental land mass that is part of an island and includes part of the land surface of the island.
It cannot be a part of the island, for example, that is below water.
contiguous island land mass
aggregate of contiguous land masses
geographical entity of astronomical body
A material entity that is (1) a bona fide or fiat object part of the crust, any bodies of liquid on or contained within the crust, or planetary boundary layer (if present) of a terrestrial planet (including Earth), dwarf planet, exoplanet, natural satellite, planetesimal, or small Solar System body, and that (2) overlaps the planetary surface (including having a boundary that coincides with part of the planetary surface).
Matt Diller
Includes atmosphere, crust, geographical regions (e.g., the geographical region over which the state of Florida has jurisdiction), bodies of water, mountains, etc. Generally, an individual organism is a distinct object that is not a part of the Earth, although this requires more thought. But the intent is definitely for this class to NOT subsume organism universally. Human beings are contained within, but not part of, the Earth, for example.
Note that despite the word 'planetary' in 'planetary surface', it refers generally to surface of dwarf planets, asteroids, moons, etc.
We note that not all planets have a surface per se (e.g., gas giants such as Jupiter and Saturn). So only planets, natural satellites, etc. with a planetary surface (with or without a planetary boundary layer) have geographical entities.
We note that the term 'geography' is also applied to the Earth's moon, Mars, Venus, and possibly even other moons and planets in our own solar system and beyond. Thus, we are attempting to define things generally enough that they could be reused for the geographical entities/features on the Moon, Mars, other planets, exoplanets, other natural satellites (a.k.a moons), asteroids, etc.
geographical entity
A geographical entity that has at least one bona fide boundary.
geographical feature
A geographical entity that is demarcated at least in part by one or more closed fiat boundaries all of whose lines are part of the planetary surface.
François Modave
geographical region
body of water
continent
land mass
island
An object aggregate of geographical entities
aggregate of geographical entities
aggregate of geographical features
aggregate of islands
geopolitical organization
geopoli organization
"Although the very meaning of the term is controversial, it involves authoritative decsionmaking in areas that once were part of national legal frameworks, the government, the sovereign state, or the public sector." Karns and Mingst (2004) p. 14.
Katrina Donovan
Examples: private bond-rating agencies such as Moody's Investors Service, International Chamber of Commerce, Worldwide Responsible Apparel Manufacturing Principles, Forest Stewardship
private governance organization
a geopolitical organization that is voluntary and private, whose members are individual persons or organizations that come together to acheive a common purpose.
NGOs are private voluntary organizations whose members are individuals or associations that come together to acheive a common purpose. Some organizations are formed to advocate a particular cause such as human rights, peace, or envirnomental projetion. Others are established to provide services such as disaster relief, humantarian aid in war-torn socieities, or development assistance. ... National level groups are often called interest or pressure groups, and many of them are now linked to counterpart groups in other countries through transnational networks or federations. International NGOs, like IGOs, may draw their members from one region or several regions, and they may have very specific functions or be multi-functional. Karns and Mingst (2004) p. 10f.
Examples: Internaltion Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Oxfam, CARE, Doctors Without Borders, World Wildlife Fund, Transparency International, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and Save the Children.
nongovernmental organization
an intergovernmental organization that has at least three member states, that has activies in at least three states, and that is unified by some formal intergovernmental agreement
"IGOs are organizations whose memebers include at lesat three states, that have activities in several states, and whose members are held together by a formal intergovernmental agreement ... These organizations range in size from three members (North American Free Trade Argreement [NAFTA]) to more than 190 memembers (Universal Postal Union (UPU)]. Memebers may come from primarily one georgraphic regioni (Oragnaization of American States [OAS]) or from all geographic regions (World Bank). although soem IGOs are designed to achieve a single purpose (Organization of Petroleum exporting countries [OPEC]), others have been developed for multiple tasks (United Nations [UN}). ... IGOs are recognized subjects of international law with separate standing fromt heir member states." Karns and Mingst I(2004) p. 7
examples: North American Free Trade Argreement [NAFTA] , Universal Postal Union [UPU], Oragnaization of American States [OAS], World Bank), Organization of Petroleum exporting countries [OPEC] United Nations [UN[, The World Trade Organization [WTO], The World Health Organization [WHO], UNICEF
intergovernmental organization
A governmental organization with a defined territory on which it exercises internal and external sovereignty, a permanent population, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states.
de facto sovereign state
de facto state
nation state
Per Wikipedia, the word 'nation' does not always refer to soverign states. For example, the "nation of Islam".
sovereign state
An organization that governs the people living in a particular geographical region or aggregate of geographical regions. The geographical region it governs can change over time (such as the westward expansion of the United States and the addition of Hawaii). Note: this definition was taken over from "geopolitical organization".
IMPORTANT: The label "geopolitical organization" was previously used for OMRSE_00000044 (governmental organization). "geopoli organization" is a label for a new and different class.
governmental organization
An object aggregate that is not itself a geopolitical organization and whose members are only geopolitical organizations that have some feature in common
aggregate of geopolitical organizations
obsolete aggregate of dependencies
An aggregate of governmental organizations that is not itself a major administrative subdivision and whose members are only major administrative subdivisions that have some feature in common
obsolete aggregate of major administrative subdivisions
An aggregate of governmental organizations that is not itself a sovereign state and whose members are only sovereign states that have some feature in common
examples: all the sovereign states in North America, all the sovereign states with a GDP below or exceeding a particular quantity of money, all the sovereign states with a constitutional monarchy, all the sovereign states who belong to the U.N. (which is different than the U.N. itself), etc.
aggregate of sovereign states
geodetic coordinate measurement datum
A measurement of location on the Earth that uses a single number to specify a coordinate in a coordinate system known as a geodetic datum.
Josh Hanna
latitude and longitude are key subtypes
geodetic datum
A coordinate system, and a set of reference points, used to locate places on the Earth (or similar objects).
Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodetic_datum Date accessed: 2015-04-13
Every latitude and longitude measurement is with respect to a geodetic datum. Most common ones in use are NAD83 and WGS84.
planar angular measurement unit label
plane angle measurement unit label
A sovereign state whose political sovereignty has been recognized by the United Nations, in accordance with international law.
de jure state
Sovereignty, in the legal sense, is acquired by a state upon receiving recognition by the international community. However, without specifying that this recognition can only be acquired through full membership to the United Nations, a non-arbitrary standard would be difficult, if not impossible, to come by since there are a good many sovereign states whose sovereignty is not explicitly recognized by one or more states. Given that the de facto criteria for sovereignty must be achieved prior to membership to the UN General Assembly and that every member therein is considered to be "international recognized," full membership to the UN is a sufficient criterion for de jure sovereignty. This can be further justified by noting that, in cases where UN member X claims to not recognize the sovereign status of UN member Y, the diplomatic and political behavior of member X towards Y nevertheless tacitly implies that it recognizes Y's sovereignty.
de jure sovereign state
measurement unit label
Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume.
A data item label that denotes a unit of measure.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term measurement unit was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000176) , edited by Chris Stoeckert and Cristian Cocos, and subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definition of this, different, term.
2009-03-16: review of this term done during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
data item label
An information content entity that is part of some data item and is used to partially define the denotation of that data item.
GROUP: IAO
9/22/11 BP: changed the rdfs:label for this class from 'label' to 'datum label' to convey that this class is not intended to cover all kinds of labels (stickers, radiolabels, etc.), and not even all kind of textual labels, but rather the kind of labels occuring in a datum.
scalar measurement datum
10 feet. 3 ml.
a scalar measurement datum is a measurement datum that is composed of two parts, numerals and a unit label.
2009-03-16: we decided to keep datum singular in scalar measurement datum, as in this case we explicitly refer to the singular form
Would write this as: has_part some 'measurement unit label' and has_part some numeral and has_part exactly 2, except for the fact that this won't let us take advantage of OWL reasoning over the numbers. Instead use has measurment value property to represent the same. Use has measurement unit label (subproperty of has_part) so we can easily say that there is only one of them.
measurement datum
Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}.
A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device.
2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay?
person:Chris Stoeckert
organization
PMID: 16353909.AAPS J. 2005 Sep 22;7(2):E274-80. Review. The joint food and agriculture organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives and its role in the evaluation of the safety of veterinary drug residues in foods.
An organization is a continuant entity which can play roles, has members, and has a set of organization rules. Members of organizations are either organizations themselves or individual people. Members can bear specific organization member roles that are determined in the organization rules. The organization rules also determine how decisions are made on behalf of the organization by the organization members.
BP: The definition summarizes long email discussions on the OBI developer, roles, biomaterial and denrie branches. It leaves open if an organization is a material entity or a dependent continuant, as no consensus was reached on that. The current placement as material is therefore temporary, in order to move forward with development. Here is the entire email summary, on which the definition is based: 1) there are organization_member_roles (president, treasurer, branch editor), with individual persons as bearers 2) there are organization_roles (employer, owner, vendor, patent holder) 3) an organization has a charter / rules / bylaws, which specify what roles there are, how they should be realized, and how to modify the charter/rules/bylaws themselves. It is debatable what the organization itself is (some kind of dependent continuant or an aggregate of people). This also determines who/what the bearer of organization_roles' are. My personal favorite is still to define organization as a kind of 'legal entity', but thinking it through leads to all kinds of questions that are clearly outside the scope of OBI. Interestingly enough, it does not seem to matter much where we place organization itself, as long as we can subclass it (University, Corporation, Government Agency, Hospital), instantiate it (Affymetrix, NCBI, NIH, ISO, W3C, University of Oklahoma), and have it play roles. This leads to my proposal: We define organization through the statements 1 - 3 above, but without an 'is a' statement for now. We can leave it in its current place in the is_a hierarchy (material entity) or move it up to 'continuant'. We leave further clarifications to BFO, and close this issue for now.
latitude coordinate measurement datum
A measurement datum that is the measure of the latitude coordinate of a site.
Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng
latitude
NIAID GSCID-BRC metadata working group
longitude coordinate measurement datum
A measurement datum that is the measure of the longitude coordinate of a site.
longitude
Specimen Collection Location - Longitude
A value specification that consists of two parts: a numeral and a unit label
The value of 'positive' in a classification scheme of "positive or negative"; the value of '20g' on the quantitative scale of mass.
An information content entity that specifies a value within a classification scheme or on a quantitative scale.
This term is currently a descendant of 'information content entity', which requires that it 'is about' something. A value specification of '20g' for a measurement data item of the mass of a particular mouse 'is about' the mass of that mouse. However there are cases where a value specification is not clearly about any particular. In the future we may change 'value specification' to remove the 'is about' requirement.
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude.
A quality which inheres in a continuant.
multiply inhering quality of a physical entity
Relational qualities are qualities that hold between multiple entities. Normal (monadic) qualities such as the shape of a eyeball exist purely as a quality of that eyeball. A relational quality such as sensitivity to light is a quality of that eyeball (and connecting nervous system) as it relates to incoming light waves/particles.
A 2-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's two dimensional extent.
MIREOT'd into GEO to represent the area quality of a geographical region, including land area and water area.
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in two dimensions.
A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of a 2-dimensional flat surface.
supranational entity
obsolete_class
angular degree
radian
A unit of measurement of planar angles where a full circle is 2π. Specifically the angle is the length of the arc subtended by the angle divided by the circumference of the circle.
Technically in the S.I. system it is a derived unit m•m^-1.
rad
square mile
An area unit which is equal to the area enclosed by a square in a flat plane which is one mile on every side.
"An area unit which is equal to an area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 meter long." [NIST:NIST]
part_of