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Lenticular holes

Problem 295

Published on 05 June 2010 at 01:00 pm [Server Time]

We call the convex area enclosed by two circles a lenticular hole if:

  • The centres of both circles are on lattice points.
  • The two circles intersect at two distinct lattice points.
  • The interior of the convex area enclosed by both circles does not contain any lattice points.

Consider the circles:
C0: x2+y2=25
C1: (x+4)2+(y-4)2=1
C2: (x-12)2+(y-4)2=65

The circles C0, C1 and C2 are drawn in the picture below.

C0 and C1 form a lenticular hole, as well as C0 and C2.

We call an ordered pair of positive real numbers (r1, r2) a lenticular pair if there exist two circles with radii r1 and r2 that form a lenticular hole. We can verify that (1, 5) and (5, √65) are the lenticular pairs of the example above.

Let L(N) be the number of distinct lenticular pairs (r1, r2) for which 0 < r1 ≤ r2 ≤ N.
We can verify that L(10) = 30 and L(100) = 3442.

Find L(100 000).


Answer:
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