In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase, and therefore the initiation of transcription, requires the presence of a core promoter sequence in the DNA. RNA polymerase is able to bind to core promoters in the presence of various specific transcription factors. The most common type of core promoter in eukaryotes is a short DNA sequence known as a TATA box. The TATA box, as a core promoter, is the binding site for a transcription factor known as TATA binding protein (TBP), which is itself a subunit of another transcription factor, called Transcription Factor II D (TFIID). After TFIID binds to the TATA box via the TBP, five more transcription factors and RNA polymerase combine around the TATA box in a series of stages to form a preinitiation complex. One transcription factor, DNA helicase, has helicase activity and so is involved in the separating of opposing strands of double-stranded DNA to provide access to a single-stranded DNA template. However, only a low, or basal, rate of transcription is driven by the preinitiation complex alone. Other proteins known as activators and repressors, along with any associated coactivators or corepressors, are responsible for modulating transcription rate.
Source: [[wikipedia:Transcription_(genetics)|Wikipedia]]Reference: http://www.web-books.com/MoBio/Free/Ch4E.htmThis pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway [http://wikipathways.org/instance/WP405_r73594 WP405(73594)] with a 97.0% conversion rate.c7bbc954HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6908HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2959HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6877HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6878HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6879HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6880HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:3611HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6883HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6884HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2960HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2958HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2963HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2961HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:1022HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2965HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2966HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2968HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2071HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2068HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:84172HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:55703HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5430HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5435HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5432HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5434HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5440HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:661HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:55718HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:171568HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:51728HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:25885HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5438HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5436HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5437HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5431HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:902HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:4331HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2967HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:64425HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:51082RNA polymerase III transcription initiation pathwayPW:0001575Pathway OntologyRNA polymerase II transcription initiation pathwayPW:0001274Pathway OntologyRNA polymerase I transcription initiation pathwayPW:0001570Pathway Ontology11040209PubMedOrchestrated response: a symphony of transcription factors for gene control.Genes Dev2000Lemon BTjian R9585500PubMedRegulation of gene expression by TBP-associated proteins.Genes Dev1998Lee TIYoung RA