The selenium-centred micronutrient biological network. The most relevant biochemical processes related to selenium in the context of metabolism, oxidation and inflammation are represented. Also, the compartmental separation (intracellular vs. plasma) is presented, identifying the selenium centred plasma metabolome. A selenoprotein database exists at: http://www.selenodb.org. Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP15 CPTAC Assay Portal] d95 Prostaglandin D2 f03 c9c b30 fcb e68 d00 bc2 Prostaglandin E1 e06 b1f f21 d95 f21 f03 d18 fcb e68 c52 ed9 b39 fb3 fb5 caf b30 d95 bc2 Docosahexaenoic acid f8d fe6 bc2 Prostaglandin I2 f03 Prostaglandin E2 f03 f21 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3, p65 Malondialdehyde d63 Prostaglandin E2 f03 eb6 c52 ed9 b39 fb3 fb5 Prostaglandin I2 f03 Prostaglandin F2a f03 Docosahexaenoic acid f8d fe6 EC 1.14.99.1 Cyclooxygenase 2 COX-2 inducible d00 f8c ad3 ade eec c8e b39 fb3 bc2 eb5 b1f EC 1.14.99.1 Cyclooxygenase 1 COX-1 constitutive d00 f8c c8e eb5 Alpha-Linolenic acid f8d Prostaglandin F2a f03 add Eicosapentaenoic acid c8e Prostaglandin D2 f03 fcb e68 Prostaglandin E1 e06 b1f Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid e06 b1f nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p50 subunit bc2 Docosapentaenoic acid fe6 d95 Prostaglandin H3 c8e d9c Prostaglandin G2 eb5 bc2 Docosapentaenoic acid fe6 Eicosapentaenoic acid c8e Alpha-Linolenic acid f8d nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 2 Malondialdehyde d63 Prostaglandin H2 d00 Prostaglandin E3 c8e bf9 EC 2.1.1.13 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase fe7 c2d EC 1.8.1.9 Selenoprotein-thioredoxin reductase 1 EC 4.2.1.22 cystathionine-beta-synthase cb6 fe7 e0b e0b EC 1.14.13.9 kynurenine 3-hydroxylase bf9 Reverse triiodothyronine a53 c37 a53 e0b 15S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid b30 d95 a53 e0b 5(S)-Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid e7f fad b30 d95 Reverse triiodothyronine a53 e0b 15S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid b30 a53 c37 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid e7f fad b30 a53 c37 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid e7f fad b30 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Oxidized EC 1.11.1.7 Myeloperoxidase c2b aac c51 ceb EC 1.11.1.6 fec de0 EC 1.11.1.7 Myeloperoxidase c2b f84 f4e EC 3.4.21.21 coagulation factor VII (serum prothrombin conversion accelerator) cc7 d29 EC 3.4.21.5 coagulation factor II (thrombin) f17 cc7 EC 3.4.21.68 plasminogen activator, tissue f7a EC 3.4.21.68 plasminogen activator, tissue f7a Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 f7a EC 3.4.21.7 Plasminogen f7a EC 3.4.21.5 coagulation factor II (thrombin) f17 cc7 EC 3.4.21.21 coagulation factor VII (serum prothrombin conversion accelerator) cc7 d29 EC 3.4.21.7 Plasminogen f7a Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 f7a EC 2.3.2.2 gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 cf6 EC 1.11.1.12 Selenoprotein-glutathione peroxidase 4 EC 1.8.1.9 Selenoprotein-thioredoxin reductase 2 EC 1.17.3.2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthine_oxidase f4e e0f EC 1.11.1.15 peroxiredoxin 5 Hydrogen peroxide EC 1.13.11.34 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase f43 a4c d95 ade fb5 EC 1.13.11.33 arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, type B b30 c82 f84 f4e c7a a64 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate EC 1.8.4.- Selenoprotein-selenoprotein X aff af9 d0b bf9 5-methyltetrahydrofolate EC 1.15.1.1 superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular EC 1.11.1.15 peroxiredoxin 1 EC 2.7.1.26 riboflavin kinase a22 Glutathione disulfide EC 1.11.1.9 Selenoprotein-glutathione peroxidase 3 EC 4.4.1.1 cystathionase fe7 EC 1.4.3.5 pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate oxidase ddc de0 fec cb6 d18 b53 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Reduced abc Flavin adenine dinucleotide af3 aff f97 ec4 e71 f5f Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Reduced Flavin adenine dinucleotide af3 Tetrahydrofolic acid bf9 c2d Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Oxidized Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Reduced e72 e72 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein K af0 Selenoprotein-15 kDa selenoprotein db9 a89 f4c EC 1.11.1.9 Selenoprotein-glutathione peroxidase 6 Glutathione bc0 Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinamide + H2O = nicotinate + NH3 GO:0008936 d0b f5f aff Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Reduced c2d Flavin Mononucleotide af3 a53 a3f a53 a3f a53 a3f f5f cf6 Selenoprotein-glutathione peroxidase 3 f4a f97 EC 1.11.1.9 Selenoprotein-glutathione peroxidase 2 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein P f1e oxidized thioredoxin abc f1f f97 ec4 abc EC 1.11.1.15 peroxiredoxin 4 EC 1.11.1.9 Selenoprotein-glutathione peroxidase 1 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Oxidized reactive oxygen species http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_Oxygen_Species a46 fec aff fb6 af0 c68 ec4 a2e f4e e0f c52 bc2 c83 d6f a4a fb2 ae3 ffd a05 ce6 e3f reactive nitrogen species http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_nitrogen_species fec f11 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Reduced c7a a64 EC 1.5.1.20 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase c2d d29 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein H-chromosome 11 open reading frame 31 ae3 ffd EC2.7.9.3 Selenoprotein-selenophosphate synthetase 2 a53 cbc Selenoprotein-selenoprotein O Unknown function c06 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein N, 1 c06 b76 d6f EC 1.97.1.10 Selenoprotein-deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II a53 e0b f5c Selenoprotein-selenoprotein T c06 c83 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein M bf2 a4a fb2 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein P f1e c68 e2d b77 EC 1.97.1.11 Selenoprotein-deiodinase, iodothyronine type III a53 e0b EC 1.97.1.10 Selenoprotein-deiodinase, iodothyronine, type I a53 e0b Selenoprotein-selenoprotein V Unknown function c06 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein I Unknown function c06 Selenoprotein-selenoprotein S d09 a05 d42 EC 1.15.1.1 superoxide dismutase 1, soluble bf9 f5f EC 1.11.1.15 peroxiredoxin 3 EC 1.8.1.7 glutathione reductase f38 apolipoprotein A-I e99 apolipoprotein B de8 low density lipoprotein receptor e9b very-low-density lipoprotein de8 ba4 low-density lipoprotein b63 aac a9f a40 caf serum amyloid A4, constitutive e99 ea2 scavenger receptor class B, member 1 c7d ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1 e99 c7d e99 Nitrotyrosinated apolipoprotein A-I c65 alpha-1-antichymotrypsin serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 3 e9b ce6 e11 high-density lipoprotein e99 very-low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride Triglyceride transport de8 Flavin Mononucleotide af3 serum amyloid A2 e99 ea2 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol transport e99 Triglyceride Triacylglycerol de8 alpha-1-antichymotrypsin serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 3 e9b ce6 e11 apolipoprotein A-I e99 high-density lipoprotein e99 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol e99 serum amyloid A1 e99 ea2 serum amyloid A3 pseudogene e99 ea2 apolipoprotein B de8 very-low-density lipoprotein de8 ba4 oxidized low-density lipoprotein b63 aac a9f a40 high-density lipoprotein ApoA-I is present on the majority of HDL particles and constitutes aprox 70% of the apolipoprotein content of HDL particles e99 high-density lipoprotein SAA circulates in plasma as a constituent of high density lipoproteins (HDL). e99 ea2 c7d e99 oxidized low-density lipoprotein b63 aac a9f a40 caf Triglyceride Triacylglycerol de8 low-density lipoprotein b63 aac a9f a40 very-low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride Triglyceride transport de8 very-low-density lipoprotein The VLDL is produced in the liver, contains one molecule of apoB100 de8 d63 bf9 8-Hydroxy-deoxyguanosine be4 8-Hydroxy-deoxyguanosine be4 Flavin adenine dinucleotide af3 EC 1.11.1.15 peroxiredoxin 2 Adenosine diphosphate cf6 Flavin adenine dinucleotide af3 EC 1.15.1.1 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial abc a2e Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Oxidized Adenosine triphosphate Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Oxidized Glutathione disulfide Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Reduced e71 f5f e71 d0b bf9 Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate Nitric oxide ceb c51 ozone Nitric oxide ceb c51 Nitrous acid Nitrogen dioxide Hypochlorite Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-Oxidized Glutathione bc0 e71 ae3 soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 e0e e34 cd0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrin_degradation_product f7a a00 interferon, gamma b77 tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) d42 da2 e34 e3f Glycated hemoglobin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycated_hemoglobin cef interferon, gamma f5c albumin c31 Insulin b4a e66 c53 b59 f17 f7a interleukin 1, beta d42 da2 e2d Insulin receptor b4a e66 hemoglobin, beta cef tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) d42 C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related ed1 a40 caf e0e f17 f7a interleukin 1, beta d42 interferon, gamma f5c e2d e34 soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 e0e e34 cd0 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 b77 e3f Insulin b4a e66 c53 b59 ba4 interferon, gamma b77 albumin c31 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein f43 interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) f5c ed1 af4 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 b77 e3f interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) f5c af4 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrin_degradation_product f7a a00 hemoglobin, alpha 1 cef Glycated hemoglobin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycated_hemoglobin cef Selenoprotein-selenoprotein W bc0 dd0 fb6 ca9 EC 1.15.1.1 superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular ae2 Selenoprotein-thioredoxin reductase 1 f1f ec4 f97 Superoxide f5f EC 3.7.1.3 bf9 aff Adenosine diphosphate reduced thioredoxin abc f1f f11 Peroxynitrite f11 Adenosine triphosphate cf6 dd2 cf6 b59 cef c31 c31 f5f EC 1.8.1.9 Selenoprotein-thioredoxin reductase 3 EC 2.7.7.2 FAD1 flavin adenine dinucleotide synthetase homolog (S. cerevisiae) a22 b21 ec4 ed9 c52 fec From intracellular part to the plasma inhibition through the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides essential for the activation of COX-2 nonenzymatic free radical-“catalyzed reaction inhibition through the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides essential for the activation of COX-2 inhibition through the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides essential for the activation of 15-lipoxygenase inhibition through the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides essential for the activation of 5-lipoxygenase 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intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma is composed of From intracellular part to the plasma Negative effect Negative effect is composed of is composed of is composed of is composed of is composed of is composed of From intracellular part to the plasma is composed of is composed of is composed of is composed of is composed of reduction From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma From intracellular part to the plasma is composed of is composed of is composed of is composed of Negative Effect is composed of is composed of aff fec a89 c2b fec f11 d0b bf9 b59 b53 d63 a40 b63 e99 c83 b76 d6f overarching p ae3 f4c a89 fb2 d09 d0b be4 ad3 f4a e64 a4c fad b30 c82 ad3 ade eec da2 a9f a40 c2d ae2 f84 af4 f1f a3f f1f abc f97 18424738 PubMed Alternatively activated myeloid cells limit pathogenicity associated with African trypanosomiasis through the IL-10 inducible gene selenoprotein P. 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