The growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor axis is a complex system of ligands, binding protein and receptors which the cells use for communication of growth simulating signal. GH is released from the pituitary and by binding to the GH receptor it stimulates longitudinal growth and has anabolic effects on metabolism. Most of the growth-promoting effects of GH are mediated by IGF-1 which is produced mainly in the liver after GH stimulation. IGF-1 has crucial functions especially for embryonic growth and development. This pathway is primarily studied to understand factors that contribute to growth in bos taurus(Jiang et al.) b17 growth factor signaling pathway PW:0000168 Pathway Ontology 24166991 PubMed MEAT SCIENCE AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY SYMPOSIUM--mechanism of growth hormone stimulation of skeletal muscle growth in cattle. J Anim Sci 2014 Jiang H Ge X