Cell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the cell-extracellular matrix contact points, specialized structures are formed and termed focal adhesions, where bundles of actin filaments are anchored to transmembrane receptors of the integrin family through a multi-molecular complex of junctional plaque proteins. Some of the constituents of focal adhesions participate in the structural link between membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, while others are signalling molecules, including different protein kinases and phosphatases, their substrates, and various adapter proteins. Integrin signaling is dependent upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase activities of the FAK and src proteins as well as the adaptor protein functions of FAK, src and Shc to initiate downstream signaling events. These signalling events culminate in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton; a prerequisite for changes in cell shape and motility, and gene expression. Similar morphological alterations and modulation of gene expression are initiated by the binding of growth factors to their respective receptors, emphasizing the considerable crosstalk between adhesion- and growth factor-mediated signalling.
Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP306 CPTAC Assay Portal]b50c61d8ab72bd6c9ea08bffc3ac43be2d05b3db73a93fedd31MAPK4; mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 [EC:2.7.1.-]SHC3; neuronal ShILK; integrin-linked kinase [EC:2.7.1.-]FYN; FYN oncogene related to SRC FGR YES [EC:2.7.1.112]ZYX; zyxinPTK2; PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 [EC:2.7.1.112RAF1; v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 [EC:2.7.1.-]MAP2K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [EC:2.7.1.-]CAV1; caveolin 1 caveolae protein 22kDCAV3; caveolin 3MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [EC:2.7.1.-]SHC1; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1RAP1B; RAP1B member of RAS oncogene familyGRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoproteinSOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 (Drosophila)RAP1A; RAP1A member of RAS oncogene familyDOCK1; dedicator of cyto-kinesisSRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112]VCL; vinculinCAV2; caveolin 2SHC1; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1SHC1; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112]SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112]SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112]parentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MEK1; site=RtPGRPLssyGMDSR; position=ser298;
sitegrpid=448284; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=HDHtGFLtEyVAtRW; position=thr185;
sitegrpid=447593; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P19419; parentsymbol=ELK1; site=IHFWSTLsPIAPRsP; position=ser383;
sitegrpid=447872; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P04049; parentsymbol=RAF1; site=IGDFGLAtVksRWsG; position=thr491;
sitegrpid=447748; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=GRELRRMsDEFVDsF; position=ser118;
sitegrpid=447863; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=EIRsRHssyPAGtED; position=ser75;
sitegrpid=447860; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=Q05397; parentsymbol=FAK; site=sVsEtDDyAEIIDEE; position=tyr397;
sitegrpid=447887; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P27361; parentsymbol=ERK1; site=HDHtGFLtEyVAtRW; position=thr202;
sitegrpid=447542; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P04049; parentsymbol=RAF1; site=RPRGQRDssyyWEIE; position=ser338;
sitegrpid=447742; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=HILGILGsPsQEDLN; position=ser246;
sitegrpid=6845001; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MEK1; site=LIDsMANsFVGtRSY; position=ser222;
sitegrpid=448513; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P31749; parentsymbol=AKT1; site=RPHFPQFsysAsGtA; position=ser473;
sitegrpid=447855; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q05397; parentsymbol=FAK; site=PIGNQHIyQPVGKPD; position=tyr861;
sitegrpid=447965; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P19419; parentsymbol=ELK1; site=LsPIAPRsPAKLSFQ; position=ser389;
sitegrpid=449757; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P49841; parentsymbol=GSK3B; site=SGRPRttsFAEsCkP; position=ser9;
sitegrpid=449111; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=Q05397; parentsymbol=FAK; site=DRsNDkVyENVtGLV; position=tyr925;
sitegrpid=447966; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=HtGFLtEyVAtRWyr; position=tyr187;
sitegrpid=447594; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=PFrGrsRsAPPNLWA; position=ser99;
sitegrpid=447862; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=P12931; parentsymbol=SRC; site=RLIEDNEytARQGAk; position=tyr419;
sitegrpid=448234; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P27361; parentsymbol=ERK1; site=HtGFLtEyVAtRWyr; position=tyr204;
sitegrpid=447543; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=LGILGsPsQEDLNCI; position=ser248;
sitegrpid=6845000; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MEK1; site=VsGQLIDsMANsFVG; position=ser218;
sitegrpid=448514; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P31749; parentsymbol=AKT1; site=kDGAtMKtFCGtPEy; position=thr308;
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