Cell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the cell-extracellular matrix contact points, specialized structures are formed and termed focal adhesions, where bundles of actin filaments are anchored to transmembrane receptors of the integrin family through a multi-molecular complex of junctional plaque proteins. Some of the constituents of focal adhesions participate in the structural link between membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, while others are signalling molecules, including different protein kinases and phosphatases, their substrates, and various adapter proteins. Integrin signaling is dependent upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase activities of the FAK and src proteins as well as the adaptor protein functions of FAK, src and Shc to initiate downstream signaling events. These signalling events culminate in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton; a prerequisite for changes in cell shape and motility, and gene expression. Similar morphological alterations and modulation of gene expression are initiated by the binding of growth factors to their respective receptors, emphasizing the considerable crosstalk between adhesion- and growth factor-mediated signalling. Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP306 CPTAC Assay Portal] b50 c61 d8a b72 bd6 c9e a08 bff c3a c43 be2 d05 b3d b73 a93 fed d31 MAPK4; mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 [EC:2.7.1.-] SHC3; neuronal Sh ILK; integrin-linked kinase [EC:2.7.1.-] FYN; FYN oncogene related to SRC FGR YES [EC:2.7.1.112] ZYX; zyxin PTK2; PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 [EC:2.7.1.112 RAF1; v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 [EC:2.7.1.-] MAP2K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [EC:2.7.1.-] CAV1; caveolin 1 caveolae protein 22kD CAV3; caveolin 3 MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [EC:2.7.1.-] SHC1; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1 RAP1B; RAP1B member of RAS oncogene family GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 (Drosophila) RAP1A; RAP1A member of RAS oncogene family DOCK1; dedicator of cyto-kinesis SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112] VCL; vinculin CAV2; caveolin 2 SHC1; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1 SHC1; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1 SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112] SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112] SRC; v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) [EC:2.7.1.112] parentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MEK1; site=RtPGRPLssyGMDSR; position=ser298; sitegrpid=448284; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=HDHtGFLtEyVAtRW; position=thr185; sitegrpid=447593; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P19419; parentsymbol=ELK1; site=IHFWSTLsPIAPRsP; position=ser383; sitegrpid=447872; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P04049; parentsymbol=RAF1; site=IGDFGLAtVksRWsG; position=thr491; sitegrpid=447748; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=GRELRRMsDEFVDsF; position=ser118; sitegrpid=447863; ptm=p; direction=d parentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=EIRsRHssyPAGtED; position=ser75; sitegrpid=447860; ptm=p; direction=d parentid=Q05397; parentsymbol=FAK; site=sVsEtDDyAEIIDEE; position=tyr397; sitegrpid=447887; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P27361; parentsymbol=ERK1; site=HDHtGFLtEyVAtRW; position=thr202; sitegrpid=447542; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P04049; parentsymbol=RAF1; site=RPRGQRDssyyWEIE; position=ser338; sitegrpid=447742; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=HILGILGsPsQEDLN; position=ser246; sitegrpid=6845001; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MEK1; site=LIDsMANsFVGtRSY; position=ser222; sitegrpid=448513; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P31749; parentsymbol=AKT1; site=RPHFPQFsysAsGtA; position=ser473; sitegrpid=447855; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=Q05397; parentsymbol=FAK; site=PIGNQHIyQPVGKPD; position=tyr861; sitegrpid=447965; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P19419; parentsymbol=ELK1; site=LsPIAPRsPAKLSFQ; position=ser389; sitegrpid=449757; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P49841; parentsymbol=GSK3B; site=SGRPRttsFAEsCkP; position=ser9; sitegrpid=449111; ptm=p; direction=d parentid=Q05397; parentsymbol=FAK; site=DRsNDkVyENVtGLV; position=tyr925; sitegrpid=447966; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=HtGFLtEyVAtRWyr; position=tyr187; sitegrpid=447594; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=PFrGrsRsAPPNLWA; position=ser99; sitegrpid=447862; ptm=p; direction=d parentid=P12931; parentsymbol=SRC; site=RLIEDNEytARQGAk; position=tyr419; sitegrpid=448234; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P27361; parentsymbol=ERK1; site=HtGFLtEyVAtRWyr; position=tyr204; sitegrpid=447543; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P28482; parentsymbol=ERK2; site=LGILGsPsQEDLNCI; position=ser248; sitegrpid=6845000; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MEK1; site=VsGQLIDsMANsFVG; position=ser218; sitegrpid=448514; ptm=p; direction=u parentid=P31749; parentsymbol=AKT1; site=kDGAtMKtFCGtPEy; position=thr308; sitegrpid=447856; ptm=p; direction=u 11082269 PubMed Rho GTPases: signaling, migration, and invasion. 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