In the G1 phase there are two types of DNA damage responses, the p53-dependent and the p53-independent pathways. The p53-dependent responses inhibit CDKs through the up-regulation of genes encoding CKIs mediated by the p53 protein, whereas the p53-independent mechanisms inhibit CDKs through the inhibitory T14Y15 phosphorylation of Cdk2. Failure of DNA damage checkpoints in G1 leads to mutagenic replication of damaged templates and other replication defects. Source: Reactome http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&FOCUS_SPECIES=Homo%20sapiens&ID=69615& Adapted from http://www.genomeknowledge.org/, and Maeda et al. Journal of Invest Dermatol. 2002. 119:22-26. This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway [http://wikipathways.org/instance/WP45_r95145 WP45 (r95145)] with a 92.0% conversion rate. a31 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5925 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1870 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1869 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5426 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1027 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1021 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5111 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1019 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1026 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:8318 No homologues found for original id L:1029 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:983 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:7157 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5558 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1028 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:894 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1875 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:898 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:148327 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1030 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4193 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1022 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:901 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:6118 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1019 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1017 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1874 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:7157 No homologues found for original id L:1032 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1022 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:10488 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:84699 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4661 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:7029 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:891 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5925 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:896 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:595 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:902 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4609 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:6119 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4173 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4172 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1388 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4998 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5925 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4175 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4176 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4171 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:23595 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1031 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5427 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4331 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:23594 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1017 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4174 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1876 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:4999 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1871 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:7027 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1021 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:6117 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1385 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5933 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:7027 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:7465 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:472 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:90993 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:1647 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:23649 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5000 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:898 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5557 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:993 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:898 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:8900 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:5001 Homology Mapping from Homo sapiens to Rattus norvegicus: Original ID = L:9134 Maeda Gadd45 regulates G2/m arrest

G1/S DNA damage checkpoint pathway PW:0000095 Pathway Ontology cell cycle checkpoint pathway PW:0000094 Pathway Ontology 12164919 PubMed GADD45 regulates G2/M arrest, DNA repair, and cell death in keratinocytes following ultraviolet exposure. J Invest Dermatol 2002 Maeda T Hanna AN Sim AB Chua PP Chong MT Tron VA