This pathway is based on the [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/show_pathway?map04614+C15850 KEGG pathway] of renin-angiotensin and the [http://www.ambion.com/tools/pathway/pathway.php?pathway=Renin-Angiotensin%20Pathway Ambion pathway] of renin-angiotensin cf3 a86 abd ece f83 a96 dd7 a75 f32 b7c ee8 fd5 e66 aab bb0 ecb f4a aab a2e aca e9c aa2 a14 ac6 e97 f1a b83 b64 d48 e10 d38 aab aca e9c aa2 a14 ac6 e97 f1a b83 b64 d48 def bdd b96 f21 ac6 cb4 cc2 dd3 de7 cf3 a86 abd ece f83 a96 dd7 a75 f32 b7c fa2 af8 b6b e51 e51 b7f e91 a15 cf8 f36 fa1 f65 edc e10 df2 d55 ada dfb a5c d47 ef1 b95 ceb b05 b16 d93 a76 ae0 cf7 c64 aa2 b15 e61 f5f d76 d42 cf3 a86 abd ece f83 a96 dd7 a75 f32 b7c c42 d69 aca bdd e09 f29 d93 b82 a3f f94 Assuming this protein stands for TYK2 (it seems TYK1 is not related to this interaction). f16 e99 e4f c9b Cannot find a more specific identifier in this context, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine/threonine-specific_protein_kinase as a start. f2e a85 c24 c43 b1f b4e f5f e22 e7f aef a77 cdc d69 e09 e65 e12 e61 a2b f8e a46 a3e fe3 a85 c57 d22 d12 a1f fa8 a86 e4a a1a cd7 d25 cec c10 d68 ed3 db3 ff1 b63 a5c b5c ceb b05 d58 f70 a35 ff9 e10 a85 ae8 a33 c59 b69 bad bb3 b3e f34 bbc df4 f77 af7 b73 d40 e6a ddf f00 afb eab f43 e03 daf f5f ee2 f0f e22 d50 d36 a71 c1f def f54 ea1 e60 f4a f5a cfe af7 a86 b2b eb2 b56 e21 c92 b3a c05 Mapping based on name of ortholog human gene. b8a a1f fa8 a86 e4a a1a cd7 d25 cec c10 d68 de9 d35 e5c c1e f31 fb2 eb6 fc1 a36 d8f f16 b29 f95 eeb Unclear which ortholog is meant, see also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_of_Sevenless eff a23 Identifier based on similar name for ortholog human gene renal hypertension DOID:1073 Human Disease Ontology hypertension DOID:10763 Human Disease Ontology renin-angiotensin cascade pathway PW:0000492 Pathway Ontology 17898118 PubMed Acute angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition evokes bradykinin-induced sympathetic activation in diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007 Augustyniak RA Maliszewska-Scislo M Chen H Fallucca J Rossi NF 17903697 PubMed Effects of aldosterone and angiotensin II receptor blockade on cardiac angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 2007 Takeda Y Zhu A Yoneda T Usukura M Takata H Yamagishi M 17785632 PubMed Rho kinase activation and gene expression related to vascular remodeling in normotensive rats with high angiotensin I converting enzyme levels. Hypertension 2007 Rivera P Ocaranza MP Lavandero S Jalil JE 17487824 PubMed Association of somatic and N-domain angiotensin-converting enzymes from Wistar rat tissue with renal dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2007 Ronchi FA Irigoyen MC Casarini DE 16908757 PubMed Enalapril attenuates downregulation of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the late phase of ventricular dysfunction in myocardial infarcted rat. Hypertension 2006 Ocaranza MP Godoy I Jalil JE Varas M Collantes P Pinto M Roman M Ramirez C Copaja M Diaz-Araya G Castro P Lavandero S 7586334 PubMed Genetic linkage of the ACE gene to plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity but not to blood pressure. A quantitative trait locus confers identical complex phenotypes in human and rat hypertension. Circulation 1995 Kreutz R Huebner N Ganten D Lindpaintner K 7537756 PubMed Locus for the inducible, but not a constitutive, nitric oxide synthase cosegregates with blood pressure in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat. J Clin Invest 1995 Deng AY Rapp JP 1363813 PubMed Cosegregation of blood pressure with angiotensin converting enzyme and atrial natriuretic peptide receptor genes using Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Nat Genet 1992 Deng Y Rapp JP 1298871 PubMed Effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on the secretion of PRL, GH, TSH and cortisol in obesity Minerva Endocrinol 1992 Martinelli I Mainini E Mazzi C 1655275 PubMed Genetic mapping of a gene causing hypertension in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Cell 1991 Jacob HJ Lindpaintner K Lincoln SE Kusumi K Bunker RK Mao YP Ganten D Dzau VJ Lander ES 17419723 PubMed NEMO oligomerization in the dynamic assembly of the IkappaB kinase core complex. FEBS J 2007 Fontan E Traincard F Levy SG Yamaoka S Veron M Agou F 15946255 PubMed The flavonoid luteolin prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB signalling and gene expression by blocking IkappaB kinase activity in intestinal epithelial cells and bone-marrow derived dendritic cells. Immunology 2005 Kim JS Jobin C 12968033 PubMed Two carboxyl-terminal activation regions of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 activate NF-kappaB through distinct signaling pathways in fibroblast cell lines. J Biol Chem 2003 Saito N Courtois G Chiba A Yamamoto N Nitta T Hironaka N Rowe M Yamaoka S 17636122 PubMed Apoptosis regulation by Bcl-x(L) modulation of mammalian inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor channel isoform gating. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007 Li C Wang X Vais H Thompson CB Foskett JK White C 16006965 PubMed C-jun activation in acquired cystic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 2005 Oya M Mikami S Mizuno R Marumo K Mukai M Murai M 14512277 PubMed c-Jun is regulated by combination of enhanced expression and phosphorylation in acute-overloaded rat heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004 Nadruz W Jr Kobarg CB Kobarg J Franchini KG 8107774 PubMed A brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Cdc42 and Rac1. Nature 1994 Manser E Leung T Salihuddin H Zhao ZS Lim L 12477932 PubMed Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002 Strausberg RL Feingold EA Grouse LH Derge JG Klausner RD Collins FS Wagner L Shenmen CM Schuler GD Altschul SF Zeeberg B Buetow KH Schaefer CF Bhat NK Hopkins RF Jordan H Moore T Max SI Wang J Hsieh F Diatchenko L Marusina K Farmer AA Rubin GM Hong L Stapleton M Soares MB Bonaldo MF Casavant TL Scheetz TE Brownstein MJ Usdin TB Toshiyuki S Carninci P Prange C Raha SS Loquellano NA Peters GJ Abramson RD Mullahy SJ Bosak SA McEwan PJ McKernan KJ Malek JA Gunaratne PH Richards S Worley KC Hale S Garcia AM Gay LJ Hulyk SW Villalon DK Muzny DM Sodergren EJ Lu X Gibbs RA Fahey J Helton E Ketteman M Madan A Rodrigues S Sanchez A Whiting M Young AC Shevchenko Y Bouffard GG Blakesley RW Touchman JW Green ED Dickson MC Rodriguez AC Grimwood J Schmutz J Myers RM Butterfield YS Krzywinski MI Skalska U Smailus DE Schnerch A Schein JE Jones SJ Marra MA 17952634 PubMed Stage-specific modulation of neprilysin and aminopeptidase N in the limbic system during kindling progression. J Mol Neurosci 2007 de Gortari P Vargas MA Martinez A Garcia-Vazquez AI Uribe RM Chavez-Gutierrez L Magdaleno V Boileau G Charli JL Joseph-Bravo P 16827801 PubMed Methylation of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 promoter in rat hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2006 Uematsu F Takahashi M Yoshida M Igarashi M Nakae D 16520407 PubMed A place in our hearts for the lowly angiotensin 1-7 peptide? Hypertension 2006 Reudelhuber TL 15908023 PubMed Ascorbic acid decreases neutral endopeptidase activity in cultured osteoblastic cells. Regul Pept 2005 Schmid C Ghirlanda-Keller C Gosteli-Peter M 15638741 PubMed Targeting the renin-angiotensin system: what's new? Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents 2005 Leckie BJ 11306811 PubMed Improved radiation hybrid map of rat chromosome 2: colocalization of the genes encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone and IL6-receptor with quantitative trait loci regulating the inflammatory response. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2001 Laes JF Ravoet M Quan X Van Vooren P Szpirer J Szpirer C 10642323 PubMed Release of angiotensin-(1-7) from the rat hindlimb: influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. Hypertension 2000 Chappell MC Gomez MN Pirro NT Ferrario CM 8040284 PubMed Mapping of a quantitative trait locus for blood pressure on rat chromosome 2. J Clin Invest 1994 Deng AY Dene H Rapp JP 2703483 PubMed Identification of the active-site arginine in rat neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (enkephalinase) as arginine 102 and analysis of a glutamine 102 mutant. J Biol Chem 1989 Bateman RC Jr Jackson D Slaughter CA Unnithan S Chai YG Moomaw C Hersh LB 3555489 PubMed Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of rat enkephalinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987 Malfroy B Schofield PR Kuang WJ Seeburg PH Mason AJ Henzel WJ 18195168 PubMed Angiotensin II-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation is mediated by protein kinase Cdelta and intracellular calcium in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts. Hypertension 2008 Olson ER Shamhart PE Naugle JE Meszaros JG 17945186 PubMed Epidermal growth factor- and stress-induced loss of gap junctional communication is mediated by ERK-1/ERK-2 but not ERK-5 in rat liver epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007 Abdelmohsen K Sauerbier E Ale-Agha N Beier J Walter P Galban S Stuhlmann D Sies H Klotz LO 16491099 PubMed Cholecystokinin 1 receptor modulates the MEKK1-induced c-Jun trans-activation: structural requirements of the receptor. Br J Pharmacol 2006 Ibarz G Oiry C Carnazzi E Crespy P Escrieut C Fourmy D Galleyrand JC Gagne D Martinez J 17519555 PubMed Ethanol inhibitory effect on rat kidney brush border aminopeptidases. Nephron Exp Nephrol 2007 Vlahovic P Cvetkovic T Nikolic J Sokolovic D 16537183 PubMed Renin-angiotensin system-regulating aminopeptidase activities are modified in the pineal gland of rats with breast cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea. Cancer Invest 2006 Carrera MP Ramirez-Exposito MJ Valenzuela MT Duenas B Garcia MJ Mayas MD Martinez-Martos JM 15682487 PubMed Gene expression profile in rat small intestinal allografts after cold preservation/reperfusion. World J Gastroenterol 2005 Wang SF Liang Q Li GW Gao K 12110004 PubMed The luminal membrane of rat thick limb expresses AT1 receptor and aminopeptidase activities. Kidney Int 2002 Poumarat JS Houillier P Rismondo C Roques B Lazar G Paillard M Blanchard A 10978538 PubMed Molecular cloning and expression of aminopeptidase A isoforms from rat hippocampus. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000 Lee HJ Tomioka M Takaki Y Masumoto H Saido TC 8613196 PubMed Expression of aminopeptidase A, an angiotensinase, in glomerular mesangial cells. Hypertension 1996 Troyanovskaya M Song L Jayaraman G Healy DP 7943354 PubMed Rat kidney glutamyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase A): molecular identity and cellular localization. Am J Physiol 1994 Song L Ye M Troyanovskaya M Wilk E Wilk S Healy DP 16951045 PubMed Role of PKC in the novel synergistic action of urotensin II and angiotensin II and in urotensin II-induced vasoconstriction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007 Wang YX Ding YJ Zhu YZ Shi Y Yao T Zhu YC 12697665 PubMed Mitogenic signals through CD28 activate the protein kinase Ctheta-NF-kappaB pathway in primary peripheral T cells. Int Immunol 2003 Dennehy KM Kerstan A Bischof A Park JH Na SY Hunig T 11914741 PubMed Prolonged glucose infusion into conscious rats inhibits early steps in insulin signalling and induces translocation of GLUT4 and protein kinase C in skeletal muscle. Diabetologia 2002 Houdali B Nguyen V Ammon HP Haap M Schechinger W Machicao F Rett K Haring HU Schleicher ED 8177321 PubMed The stress-activated protein kinase subfamily of c-Jun kinases. Nature 1994 Kyriakis JM Banerjee P Nikolakaki E Dai T Rubie EA Ahmad MF Avruch J Woodgett JR 12445686 PubMed Activation, involvement and nuclear translocation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 and 2 in glutamate-induced apoptosis in cultured rat cortical neurons. Brain Res 2002 Jiang Q Gu Z Zhang G 16741924 PubMed PGE2 amplifies the effects of IL-1beta on vascular smooth muscle cell de-differentiation: a consequence of the versatility of PGE2 receptors 3 due to the emerging expression of adenylyl cyclase 8. J Cell Physiol 2006 Clement N Glorian M Raymondjean M Andreani M Limon I 8163524 PubMed Type VIII adenylyl cyclase. A Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated enzyme expressed in discrete regions of rat brain. J Biol Chem 1994 Cali JJ Zwaagstra JC Mons N Cooper DM Krupinski J 17446166 PubMed Common inhibitory serine sites phosphorylated by IRS-1 kinases, triggered by insulin and inducers of insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 2007 Herschkovitz A Liu YF Ilan E Ronen D Boura-Halfon S Zick Y 17318081 PubMed DnIKK2-transfected dendritic cells induce a novel population of inducible nitric oxide synthase-expressing CD4+CD25- cells with tolerogenic properties. Transplantation 2007 Aiello S Cassis P Cassis L Tomasoni S Benigni A Pezzotta A Cavinato RA Cugini D Azzollini N Mister M Longaretti L Thomson AW Remuzzi G Noris M 16079150 PubMed Peroxynitrite is a potent inhibitor of NF-{kappa}B activation triggered by inflammatory stimuli in cardiac and endothelial cell lines. J Biol Chem 2005 Levrand S Pesse B Feihl F Waeber B Pacher P Rolli J Schaller MD Liaudet L 17417603 PubMed Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and activation during lens development. Mol Vis 2007 Kokkinos MI Brown HJ de Iongh RU 17088251 PubMed Repetitive deformation activates focal adhesion kinase and ERK mitogenic signals in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells through Src and Rac1. J Biol Chem 2007 Chaturvedi LS Marsh HM Shang X Zheng Y Basson MD 17965278 PubMed Oxidative stress and adenosine A1 receptor activation differentially modulate subcellular cardiomyocyte MAPKs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008 Ballard-Croft C Locklar AC Keith BJ Mentzer RM Jr Lasley RD 17975113 PubMed Novel mode for neutrophil protease cathepsin G-mediated signaling: membrane shedding of epidermal growth factor is required for cardiomyocyte anoikis. Circ Res 2008 Rafiq K Hanscom M Valerie K Steinberg SF Sabri A 16690621 PubMed Role of protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 in focal adhesion kinase down-regulation during neutrophil cathepsin G-induced cardiomyocytes anoikis. J Biol Chem 2006 Rafiq K Kolpakov MA Abdelfettah M Streblow DN Hassid A Dell'Italia LJ Sabri A 2222858 PubMed Purification and N-terminal amino-acid sequence analysis of rat polymorphonuclear leukocyte cathepsin G. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 1990 Bjork P Ohlsson K 16515556 PubMed Modulation of bradykinin signaling by EP24.15 and EP24.16 in cultured trigeminal ganglia. J Neurochem 2006 Jeske NA Berg KA Cousins JC Ferro ES Clarke WP Glucksman MJ Roberts JL 15985312 PubMed Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures affect the levels of prolyl oligopeptidase, thimet oligopeptidase and glial proteins in rat brain regions, and attenuation by MK-801 pretreatment. Neurochem Int 2005 Ahmed MM Arif M Chikuma T Kato T 15955058 PubMed Calcium modulates endopeptidase 24.15 (EC 3.4.24.15) membrane association, secondary structure and substrate specificity. FEBS J 2005 Oliveira V Garrido PA Rodrigues CC Colquhoun A Castro LM Almeida PC Shida CS Juliano MA Juliano L Camargo AC Hyslop S Roberts JL Grum-Tokars V Glucksman MJ Ferro ES 12911328 PubMed Thimet oligopeptidase expression is differentially regulated in neuroendocrine and spermatid cell lines by transcription factor binding to SRY (sex-determining region Y), CAAT and CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein) promoter consensus sequences. Biochem J 2003 Morrison LS Pierotti AR 12586639 PubMed Metalloendopeptidases EC 3.4.24.15/16 regulate bradykinin activity in the cerebral microvasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2003 Norman MU Lew RA Smith AI Hickey MJ 12192079 PubMed Mapping sequence differences between thimet oligopeptidase and neurolysin implicates key residues in substrate recognition. Protein Sci 2002 Ray K Hines CS Rodgers DW 11177571 PubMed Expression of the thimet oligopeptidase gene is regulated by positively and negatively acting elements. DNA Cell Biol 2000 McCool S Pierotti AR 8702598 PubMed Rat brain contains high levels of mannose-6-phosphorylated glycoproteins including lysosomal enzymes and palmitoyl-protein thioesterase, an enzyme implicated in infantile neuronal lipofuscinosis. J Biol Chem 1996 Sleat DE Sohar I Lackland H Majercak J Lobel P 8216239 PubMed Thimet oligopeptidase: similarity to 'soluble angiotensin II-binding protein' and some corrections to the published amino acid sequence of the rat testis enzyme. Biochem J 1993 McKie N Dando PM Rawlings ND Barrett AJ 2261476 PubMed Molecular cloning and primary structure of rat testes metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15. Biochemistry 1990 Pierotti A Dong KW Glucksman MJ Orlowski M Roberts JL 18026570 PubMed The antithrombotic effect of angiotensin-(1-7) involves mas-mediated NO release from platelets. Mol Med 2008 Fraga-Silva RA Pinheiro SV Goncalves AC Alenina N Bader M Santos RA 17496218 PubMed Immunofluorescence localization of the receptor Mas in cardiovascular-related areas of the rat brain. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007 Becker LK Etelvino GM Walther T Santos RA Campagnole-Santos MJ 15951342 PubMed Angiotensin-(1-7) inhibits growth of cardiac myocytes through activation of the mas receptor. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005 Tallant EA Ferrario CM Gallagher PE 15687842 PubMed The renin-angiotensin system: peptides and enzymes beyond angiotensin II. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005 Reudelhuber TL 15060019 PubMed High-density rat radiation hybrid maps containing over 24,000 SSLPs, genes, and ESTs provide a direct link to the rat genome sequence. Genome Res 2004 Kwitek AE Gullings-Handley J Yu J Carlos DC Orlebeke K Nie J Eckert J Lemke A Andrae JW Bromberg S Pasko D Chen D Scheetz TE Casavant TL Soares MB Sheffield VC Tonellato PJ Jacob HJ 12909716 PubMed Atypical expansion in mice of the sensory neuron-specific Mrg G protein-coupled receptor family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003 Zylka MJ Dong X Southwell AL Anderson DJ 2455902 PubMed Characterization of the rat mas oncogene and its high-level expression in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1988 Young D O'Neill K Jessell T Wigler M 17242304 PubMed Functional polymorphism of the Anpep gene increases promoter activity in the Dahl salt-resistant rat. Hypertension 2007 Kotlo K Hughes DE Herrera VL Ruiz-Opazo N Costa RH Robey RB Danziger RS 17169335 PubMed Involvement of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase and/or aminopeptidase N in the angiotensin IV-induced effect on dopamine release in the striatum of the rat. Brain Res 2007 Stragier B Demaegdt H De Bundel D Smolders I Sarre S Vauquelin G Ebinger G Michotte Y Vanderheyden P 16619500 PubMed Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase/placental leucil Aminopeptidase (IRAP/P-lAP) and angiotensin IV-forming activities are modified in serum of rats with breast cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea. Anticancer Res 2006 Pilar Carrera M Ramirez-Exposito MJ Duenas B Dolores Mayas M Jesus Garcia M De la Chica S Cortes P Ruiz-Sanjuan M Martinez-Martos JM 9765589 PubMed The major APN transcript of the alveolar type II epithelial cell originates from a unique upstream promoter region. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998 Gillis LD Pendley DS Funkhouser JD 1673322 PubMed p146 type II alveolar epithelial cell antigen is identical to aminopeptidase N. Am J Physiol 1991 Funkhouser JD Tangada SD Jones M O SJ Peterson RD 2567164 PubMed Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of rat kidney aminopeptidase M: a member of a super family of zinc-metallohydrolases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989 Malfroy B Kado-Fong H Gros C Giros B Schwartz JC Hellmiss R 2564389 PubMed Amino acid sequence deduced from a rat kidney cDNA suggests it encodes the Zn-peptidase aminopeptidase N. J Biol Chem 1989 Watt VM Yip CC 17726028 PubMed JAK2 tyrosine kinase phosphorylates PAK1 and regulates PAK1 activity and functions. J Biol Chem 2007 Rider L Shatrova A Feener EP Webb L Diakonova M 17526654 PubMed Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 augment the vascular complications of diabetes via JAK2 activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007 Banes-Berceli AK Ketsawatsomkron P Ogbi S Patel B Pollock DM Marrero MB 17615156 PubMed RhoA regulation of NF-kappaB activation is mediated by COX-2-dependent feedback inhibition of IKK in kidney epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007 Polk WW Ellis ME Kushleika JV Simmonds PL Woods JS 17347452 PubMed Ethanol induced NF-{kappa}B activation protects against cell injury in cultured rat gastric mucosal epithelium. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007 Mustonen H Hietaranta A Puolakkainen P Kemppainen E Paimela H Kiviluoto T Kivilaakso E 23162738 PubMed PAK family kinases: Physiological roles and regulation. Cell Logist 2012 Zhao ZS Manser E 18172037 PubMed Angiotensin II activates signal transducer and activators of transcription 3 via Rac1 in atrial myocytes and fibroblasts: implication for the therapeutic effect of statin in atrial structural remodeling. Circulation 2008 Tsai CT Lai LP Kuo KT Hwang JJ Hsieh CS Hsu KL Tseng CD Tseng YZ Chiang FT Lin JL 17993459 PubMed Leptin-mediated cell survival signaling in hippocampal neurons mediated by JAK STAT3 and mitochondrial stabilization. J Biol Chem 2008 Guo Z Jiang H Xu X Duan W Mattson MP 17065107 PubMed The neuroprotective adenosine-activated signal transduction pathway involves activation of phospholipase C. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2006 Rogel A Bromberg Y Sperling O Zoref-Shani E 16763092 PubMed Phospholipase C-beta3 and -beta1 form homodimers, but not heterodimers, through catalytic and carboxyl-terminal domains. Mol Pharmacol 2006 Zhang Y Vogel WK McCullar JS Greenwood JA Filtz TM 15782111 PubMed G-protein-activated phospholipase C-beta, new partners for cell polarity proteins Par3 and Par6. Oncogene 2005 Cai Y Stafford LJ Bryan BA Mitchell D Liu M 8996238 PubMed Secretory granule proteases in rat mast cells. Cloning of 10 different serine proteases and a carboxypeptidase A from various rat mast cell populations. J Exp Med 1997 Lutzelschwab C Pejler G Aveskogh M Hellman L 1988052 PubMed Rat mast cell carboxypeptidase: amino acid sequence and evidence of enzyme activity within mast cell granules. Biochemistry 1991 Cole KR Kumar S Trong HL Woodbury RG Walsh KA Neurath H 17723265 PubMed Activation of c-jun in the rat basilar artery after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosci Lett 2007 Inukai T Osuka K Takagi T Usuda N Yoshida J Takayasu M 17251057 PubMed c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase signalling pathway mediates lovastatin-induced rat brain neuroblast apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007 Cerezo-Guisado MI Alvarez-Barrientos A Argent R Garcia-Marin LJ Bragado MJ Lorenzo MJ 17041759 PubMed Norepinephrine induces apoptosis in neonatal rat endothelial cells via a ROS-dependent JNK activation pathway. Apoptosis 2006 Fu YC Yin SC Chi CS Hwang B Hsu SL 16420524 PubMed Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase marks an antigen-stimulated recycling compartment in mast cells. Traffic 2006 Liao H Keller SR Castle JD 15906313 PubMed Distribution and cellular localization of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase in the rat central nervous system. J Comp Neurol 2005 Fernando RN Larm J Albiston AL Chai SY 11489215 PubMed A Glut4-vesicle marker protein, insulin-responsive aminopeptidase, is localized in a novel vesicular compartment in PC12 cells. Traffic 2001 Thoidis G Kandror KV 11390024 PubMed A role for the angiotensin IV/AT4 system in mediating natriuresis in the rat. Peptides 2001 Hamilton TA Handa RK Harding JW Wright JW 11282364 PubMed The effects of angiotensin IV analogs on long-term potentiation within the CA1 region of the hippocampus in vitro. Brain Res 2001 Kramar EA Armstrong DL Ikeda S Wayner MJ Harding JW Wright JW 7559527 PubMed Cloning and characterization of a novel insulin-regulated membrane aminopeptidase from Glut4 vesicles. J Biol Chem 1995 Keller SR Scott HM Mastick CC Aebersold R Lienhard GE 8119954 PubMed Characterization of a major protein in GLUT4 vesicles. Concentration in the vesicles and insulin-stimulated translocation to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 1994 Mastick CC Aebersold R Lienhard GE 17515837 PubMed Differential effects of phenylalanine on Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA expression and activity in cultured cortical neurons. Pediatr Res 2007 Zhang Y Zhang H Yuan X Gu X 17982005 PubMed Coronary effluent from a preconditioned heart activates the JAK-STAT pathway and induces cardioprotection in a donor heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008 Huffman LC Koch SE Butler KL 17251186 PubMed Essential role of the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway in the expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in intestinal epithelial cells and its regulation by butyrate. J Biol Chem 2007 Stempelj M Kedinger M Augenlicht L Klampfer L 18250366 PubMed Cardiac overexpression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 protects the heart from ischemia-induced pathophysiology. Hypertension 2008 Der Sarkissian S Grobe JL Yuan L Narielwala DR Walter GA Katovich MJ Raizada MK 17977916 PubMed ACE2 and ANG-(1-7) in the rat uterus during early and late gestation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008 Neves LA Stovall K Joyner J Valdes G Gallagher PE Ferrario CM Merrill DC Brosnihan KB 17532087 PubMed Upregulation of hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in experimental biliary fibrosis. J Hepatol 2007 Herath CB Warner FJ Lubel JS Dean RG Jia Z Lew RA Smith AI Burrell LM Angus PW 17308000 PubMed Primary role of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 in cardiac production of angiotensin-(1-7) in transgenic Ren-2 hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007 Trask AJ Averill DB Ganten D Chappell MC Ferrario CM 14754895 PubMed ACE2 X-ray structures reveal a large hinge-bending motion important for inhibitor binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem 2004 Towler P Staker B Prasad SG Menon S Tang J Parsons T Ryan D Fisher M Williams D Dales NA Patane MA Pantoliano MW 14647384 PubMed Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature 2003 Li W Moore MJ Vasilieva N Sui J Wong SK Berne MA Somasundaran M Sullivan JL Luzuriaga K Greenough TC Choe H Farzan M 12874086 PubMed Enhanced renal immunocytochemical expression of ANG-(1-7) and ACE2 during pregnancy. Hypertension 2003 Brosnihan KB Neves LA Joyner J Averill DB Chappell MC Sarao R Penninger J Ferrario CM 12623933 PubMed Characterization of renal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in diabetic nephropathy. Hypertension 2003 Tikellis C Johnston CI Forbes JM Burns WC Burrell LM Risvanis J Cooper ME 12075344 PubMed Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function. Nature 2002 Crackower MA Sarao R Oudit GY Yagil C Kozieradzki I Scanga SE Oliveira-dos-Santos AJ da Costa J Zhang L Pei Y Scholey J Ferrario CM Manoukian AS Chappell MC Backx PH Yagil Y Penninger JM 17188389 PubMed Role of p38 map kinase in glycine-induced hepatocyte resistance to hypoxic injury. J Hepatol 2007 Carini R Alchera E Baldanzi G Piranda D Splendore R Grazia De Cesaris M Caraceni P Graziani A Albano E 17644565 PubMed Nitric oxide attenuates endothelin-1-induced activation of ERK1/2, PKB, and Pyk2 in vascular smooth muscle cells by a cGMP-dependent pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007 Bouallegue A Daou GB Srivastava AK 16877402 PubMed Roles of protein kinase C, Ca2+, Pyk2, and c-Src in agonist activation of rat lacrimal gland p42/p44 MAPK. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006 Hodges RR Rios JD Vrouvlianis J Ota I Zoukhri D Dartt DA 17882707 PubMed Molecular analysis of neurolysin expression in the rat and bovine ciliary body. Curr Eye Res 2007 Bertazolli-Filho R Coca-Prados M Haddad A Laicine EM 12609826 PubMed Endopeptidases 3.4.24.15 and 24.16 in endothelial cells: potential role in vasoactive peptide metabolism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2003 Norman MU Reeve SB Dive V Smith AI Lew RA 11248043 PubMed Structure of neurolysin reveals a deep channel that limits substrate access. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001 Brown CK Madauss K Lian W Beck MR Tolbert WD Rodgers DW 7592986 PubMed Molecular cloning and expression of rat brain endopeptidase 3.4.24.16. J Biol Chem 1995 Dauch P Vincent JP Checler F 7836437 PubMed Characterization of a mitochondrial metallopeptidase reveals neurolysin as a homologue of thimet oligopeptidase. J Biol Chem 1995 Serizawa A Dando PM Barrett AJ 18250367 PubMed Alpha2-adrenoceptors enhance angiotensin II-induced renal vasoconstriction: role for NADPH oxidase and RhoA. Hypertension 2008 Jackson EK Gillespie DG Zhu C Ren J Zacharia LC Mi Z 17989112 PubMed Inhibitory effect of interleukin-1beta on angiotensin II-induced connective tissue growth factor and type IV collagen production in cultured mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008 Sanchez-Lopez E Rodriguez-Vita J Cartier C Ruperez M Esteban V Carvajal G Rodrigues-Diez R Plaza JJ Egido J Ruiz-Ortega M 18205093 PubMed Augmented myocardial methionine-enkephalin in a murine model of cardiac angiotensin II-overexpression. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2007 van den Brink OW Delbridge LM Pedrazzini T Rosenfeldt FL Pepe S 3745432 PubMed Changes in glomerular hemodynamic response to angiotensin II after subacute renal denervation in rats. J Clin Invest 1986 Tucker BJ Mundy CA Maciejewski AR Printz MP Ziegler MG Pelayo JC Blantz RC 3947969 PubMed Cardiovascular effects of microinjections of angiotensin II into the nucleus tractus solitarii. Brain Res 1986 Rettig R Healy DP Printz MP 3753601 PubMed Tissue distribution of rat angiotensinogen mRNA and structural analysis of its heterogeneity. J Biol Chem 1986 Ohkubo H Nakayama K Tanaka T Nakanishi S 4030046 PubMed Angiotensinogen levels in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of the genetically hypertensive rat. Hypertension 1985 Healy DP Printz MP 4344907 PubMed Comparative studies on angiotensins. II. Structure of rat angiotensin and its identification by DNS-method. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1972 Nakayama T Nakajima T Sokabe H 18158356 PubMed Angiotensin II type 2 receptors and nitric oxide sustain oxygenation in the clipped kidney of early Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2008 Palm F Connors SG Mendonca M Welch WJ Wilcox CS 18158338 PubMed Conversion of renal angiotensin II to angiotensin III is critical for AT2 receptor-mediated natriuresis in rats. Hypertension 2008 Padia SH Kemp BA Howell NL Fournie-Zaluski MC Roques BP Carey RM 18086951 PubMed Effects of angiotensin type 2 receptor overexpression in the rostral ventrolateral medulla on blood pressure and urine excretion in normal rats. Hypertension 2008 Gao L Wang W Li H Sumners C Zucker IH 17950540 PubMed Angiotensin II type 2 receptors facilitate reinnervation of phenol-lesioned vascular calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves in rat mesenteric arteries. Neuroscience 2007 Hobara N Goda M Yoshida N Takatori S Kitamura Y Mio M Kawasaki H 18028779 PubMed Interaction of signal transduction between angiotensin AT1 and AT2 receptor subtypes in rat senescent heart. Chin Med J (Engl) 2007 Shi ST Li YF 7490161 PubMed Cloning, characterization, and genetic mapping of the rat type 2 angiotensin II receptor gene. Hypertension 1995 Koike G Winer ES Horiuchi M Brown DM Szpirer C Dzau VJ Jacob HJ 7599191 PubMed Cloning of the rat angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene and identification of its functional promoter region. Biochim Biophys Acta 1995 Kobayashi S Ohnishi J Nibu Y Nishimatsu S Umemura S Ishii M Murakami K Miyazaki H 7713098 PubMed Cloning, expression and regulation of angiotensin II receptors. Eur Heart J 1994 Inagami T Iwai N Sasaki K Yamano Y Bardhan S Chaki S Guo DF Furuta H Ohyama K Kambayashi Y 8227011 PubMed Molecular cloning of a novel angiotensin II receptor isoform involved in phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibition. J Biol Chem 1993 Kambayashi Y Bardhan S Takahashi K Tsuzuki S Inui H Hamakubo T Inagami T 8227010 PubMed Expression cloning of type 2 angiotensin II receptor reveals a unique class of seven-transmembrane receptors. J Biol Chem 1993 Mukoyama M Nakajima M Horiuchi M Sasamura H Pratt RE Dzau VJ 18079408 PubMed Activated mast cells induce endothelial cell apoptosis by a combined action of chymase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008 Heikkila HM Lutti S Leskinen MJ Hakala JK Kovanen PT Lindstedt KA 16690960 PubMed Role of chymase-dependent angiotensin II formation in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Pediatr Res 2006 Kishi K Jin D Takai S Muramatsu M Katayama H Tamai H Miyazaki M 16460729 PubMed Mast cell chymase induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis by disrupting NF-kappaB-mediated survival signaling. Exp Cell Res 2006 Leskinen MJ Heikkila HM Speer MY Hakala JK Laine M Kovanen PT Lindstedt KA 15869764 PubMed Angiotensin converting enzyme-independent angiotensin ii production by chymase is up-regulated in the ischemic kidney in renovascular hypertension. J Surg Res 2005 Sadjadi J Kramer GL Yu CH Burress Welborn M 3rd Chappell MC Gregory Modrall J 15723097 PubMed Inhibition of granuloma-associated angiogenesis by controlling mast cell mediator release: role of mast cell protease-5. Br J Pharmacol 2005 Russo A Russo G Peticca M Pietropaolo C Di Rosa M Iuvone T 12900423 PubMed Extended substrate specificity of rat mast cell protease 5, a rodent alpha-chymase with elastase-like primary specificity. J Biol Chem 2003 Karlson U Pejler G Tomasini-Johansson B Hellman L 12588765 PubMed Mast cell chymase induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis by a mechanism involving fibronectin degradation and disruption of focal adhesions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003 Leskinen MJ Lindstedt KA Wang Y Kovanen PT 7487912 PubMed Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel rat mast-cell proteinase, rMCP-3, and its expression in comparison with other rat mast-cell proteinases. Biochem J 1995 Ide H Itoh H Tomita M Murakumo Y Kobayashi T Maruyama H Osada Y Nawa Y 17978575 PubMed Regulation of BAD protein by PKA, PKCdelta and phosphatases in adult rat cardiac myocytes subjected to oxidative stress. Mol Cells 2007 Cieslak D Lazou A 17964599 PubMed Regulation of protein kinase D activity in adult myocardium: novel counter-regulatory roles for protein kinase Cepsilon and protein kinase A. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2007 Haworth RS Roberts NA Cuello F Avkiran M 17960568 PubMed Protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways mediate cAMP induction of alpha-epithelial Na+ channels (alpha-ENaC). J Cell Physiol 2008 Mustafa SB Castro R Falck AJ Petershack JA Henson BM Mendoza YM Choudary A Seidner SR 16006144 PubMed MEKK1 controls neurite regrowth after experimental injury by balancing ERK1/2 and JNK2 signaling. Mol Cell Neurosci 2005 Waetzig V Herdegen T 15037605 PubMed Protein kinase C (PKC) betaII induces cell invasion through a Ras/Mek-, PKC iota/Rac 1-dependent signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2004 Zhang J Anastasiadis PZ Liu Y Thompson EA Fields AP 9779826 PubMed Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways during postnatal development of rat heart. J Cell Biochem 1998 Kim SO Irwin P Katz S Pelech SL 18205095 PubMed Assessment of brain AT1-receptor on the nocturnal basal and angiotensin-induced thirst and sodium appetite in ovariectomised rats. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2007 Mecawi Ade S Lepletier A de Araujo IG Olivares EL Reis LC 17873013 PubMed Cerebrovascular ETB, 5-HT1B, and AT1 receptor upregulation correlates with reduction in regional CBF after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007 Ansar S Vikman P Nielsen M Edvinsson L 17891894 PubMed Angiotensinogen and AT1R expression in cerebral and femoral arteries during hindlimb unloading in rats. Aviat Space Environ Med 2007 Bao JX Zhang LF Ma J 1599457 PubMed Characterization of an angiotensin type-1 receptor partial cDNA from rat kidney: evidence for a novel AT1B receptor subtype. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992 Ye MQ Healy DP 1533121 PubMed The genomic organization of the rat AT1 angiotensin receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992 Langford K Frenzel K Martin BM Bernstein KE 1544458 PubMed Identification of two subtypes in the rat type I angiotensin II receptor. FEBS Lett 1992 Iwai N Inagami T 2043116 PubMed Rat angiotensin II receptor: cDNA sequence and regulation of the gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991 Iwai N Yamano Y Chaki S Konishi F Bardhan S Tibbetts C Sasaki K Hasegawa M Matsuda Y Inagami T 2041570 PubMed Isolation of a cDNA encoding the vascular type-1 angiotensin II receptor. Nature 1991 Murphy TJ Alexander RW Griendling KK Runge MS Bernstein KE 10066767 PubMed Murine p38-delta mitogen-activated protein kinase, a developmentally regulated protein kinase that is activated by stress and proinflammatory cytokines. J Biol Chem 1999 Hu MC Wang YP Mikhail A Qiu WR Tan TH 17559804 PubMed Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase induces apoptosis in neuronal cell lines: role of glutathione and the MKK4/JNK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007 Seyfried J Wullner U 18202178 PubMed Mast cell renin and a local renin-angiotensin system in the airway: role in bronchoconstriction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008 Veerappan A Reid AC Estephan R O'Connor N Thadani-Mulero M Salazar-Rodriguez M Levi R Silver RB 17670863 PubMed NO and cGMP mediate angiotensin AT2 receptor-induced renal renin inhibition in young rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007 Siragy HM Inagami T Carey RM 17440033 PubMed Angiotensin II-mediated oxidative stress promotes myocardial tissue remodeling in the transgenic (mRen2) 27 Ren2 rat. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007 Whaley-Connell A Govindarajan G Habibi J Hayden MR Cooper SA Wei Y Ma L Qazi M Link D Karuparthi PR Stump C Ferrario C Sowers JR 16672920 PubMed Renin/prorenin receptors. Kidney Int 2006 Nguyen G 16467505 PubMed Effect of apocynin treatment on renal expression of COX-2, NOS1, and renin in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006 Paliege A Pasumarthy A Mizel D Yang T Schnermann J Bachmann S 7629399 PubMed Heart mass and blood pressure have separate genetic determinants in the New Zealand genetically hypertensive (GH) rat. J Hypertens 1995 Harris EL Phelan EL Thompson CM Millar JA Grigor MR 2852145 PubMed Structural analysis of 5'-flanking regions of rat, mouse and human renin genes reveals the presence of a transposable-like element in the two mouse genes. Gene 1988 Tronik D Ekker M Rougeon F 3047403 PubMed Structure of the rat renin gene. J Mol Biol 1988 Fukamizu A Nishi K Cho T Saitoh M Nakayama K Ohkubo H Nakanishi S Murakami K 3287330 PubMed Nucleotide sequence of rat renin cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res 1988 Tada M Fukamizu A Seo MS Takahashi S Murakami K 3039496 PubMed Molecular cloning of rat renin cDNA and its gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987 Burnham CE Hawelu-Johnson CL Frank BM Lynch KR 15542607 PubMed Adhesion stimulates direct PAK1/ERK2 association and leads to ERK-dependent PAK1 Thr212 phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2005 Sundberg-Smith LJ Doherty JT Mack CP Taylor JM 15816852 PubMed Activated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 redistributes to the cytosol and binds to Jun N-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 involving oxidative stress during early reperfusion in rat hippocampal CA1 region. J Neurochem 2005 Li CH Wang RM Zhang QG Zhang GY 10051439 PubMed Stress- and cell type-dependent regulation of transfected c-Jun N-terminal kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase isoforms. Biochem J 1999 Butterfield L Zentrich E Beekman A Heasley LE 12220646 PubMed Involvement of Elk-1 in L6E9 skeletal muscle differentiation. FEBS Lett 2002 Khurana A Dey CS 16260603 PubMed Smooth muscle-specific genes are differentially sensitive to inhibition by Elk-1. Mol Cell Biol 2005 Zhou J Hu G Herring BP