Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy and the fourth most common malignancy in women in the developed world after breast, colorectal and lung cancer. Two types of endometrial carcinoma are distinguished with respect to biology and clinical course. Type-I carcinoma is related to hyperestrogenism by association with endometrial hyperplasia, frequent expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and younger age, whereas type-II carcinoma is unrelated to estrogen, associated with atrophic endometrium, frequent lack of estrogen and progesterone receptors and older age. The morphologic differences in these cancers are mirrored in their molecular genetic profile with type I showing defects in DNA-mismatch repair and mutations in PTEN, K-ras, and beta-catenin, and type II showing aneuploidy, p53 mutations, and her2/neu amplification.
Phosphorylation sites were added based on information from PhosphoSitePlus (R), www.phosphosite.org.
Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [CPTAC Assay Portal](https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP4155 ).ce2eafcfacfaa5cparentid=P04049; parentsymbol=RAF1; site=IGDFGLAtVksRWsG; position=thr491; sitegrpid=447748; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P04049; parentsymbol=RAF1; site=RPRGQRDssyyWEIE; position=ser338; sitegrpid=447742; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MAP2K1; site=VsGQLIDsMANsFVG; position=ser218; sitegrpid=448514; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=Q02750; parentsymbol=MAP2K1; site=LIDsMANsFVGTRSY; position=ser222; sitegrpid=448513; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P36507; parentsymbol=MAP2K2; site=LIDsMANsFVGTRSY; position=ser226; sitegrpid=448074; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P36507; parentsymbol=MAP2K2; site=VsGQLIDsMANsFVG; position=ser222; sitegrpid=448073; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P28482; parentsymbol=MAPK1; site=HtGFLtEyVAtRWyR; position=tyr187; sitegrpid=447594; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P28482; parentsymbol=MAPK1; site=HDHtGFLtEyVAtRW; position=thr185; sitegrpid=447593; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P27361; parentsymbol=MAPK3; site=HDHtGFLtEyVAtRW; position=thr202; sitegrpid=447542; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P27361; parentsymbol=MAPK3; site=HtGFLtEyVAtRWyR; position=tyr204; sitegrpid=447543; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P19419; parentsymbol=ELK1; site=LsPIAPRsPAKLSFQ; position=ser389; sitegrpid=449757; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P19419; parentsymbol=ELK1; site=IHFWSTLsPIAPRsP; position=ser383; sitegrpid=447872; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P31749; parentsymbol=AKT1; site=RPHFPQFsysAsGtA; position=ser473; sitegrpid=447855; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=P31749; parentsymbol=AKT1; site=kDGAtMKtFCGtPEy; position=thr308; sitegrpid=447856; ptm=p; direction=uparentid=O43524; parentsymbol=FOXO3; site=APRRRAVsMDNSNkY; position=ser253; sitegrpid=449108; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=O43524; parentsymbol=FOXO3; site=QsRPRsCtWPLQRPE; position=tyr32; sitegrpid=448602; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=Q92934; parentsymbol=BAD; site=EIRsRHssyPAGtED; position=ser75; sitegrpid=447860; ptm=p; direction=dparentid=P55211; parentsymbol=CASP9; site=kLRRRFssLHFMVEV; position=ser196; sitegrpid=448454; ptm=p; direction=damplificationce2amplificationce2bf6ce2bfdce2ce2ce2epithelial cell of uterusCL:0002149Cell Type16440152PubMedMetastasizing testicular germ-cell tumor with infiltration of the right heart: indication for primary metastasectomy.Heart Vessels2006May MFinkbeiner YGunia SSeehafer MKnörig JHetzer R28041631PubMedTargeting fibroblast growth factor pathways in endometrial cancer.Curr Probl Cancer2017Winterhoff BKonecny GEendometrial cancerDOID:1380Disease1722028PubMedEts-related protein Elk-1 is homologous to the c-fos regulatory factor p62TCF.Nature1991Hipskind RARao VNMueller CGReddy ESNordheim A15947972PubMedEndometrial cancer.Cell Tissue Res2005Ryan AJSusil BJobling TWOehler MKendometrial cancer pathwayPW:0000611Pathway Ontologycancer pathwayPW:0000605Pathway Ontology24576030PubMedHER2/neu in Endometrial Cancer: A Promising Therapeutic Target With Diagnostic Challenges.Arch Pathol Lab Med2014Buza NRoque DMSantin AD25514926PubMedPhosphoSitePlus, 2014: mutations, PTMs and recalibrations.Nucleic Acids Res2015Hornbeck PVZhang BMurray BKornhauser JMLatham VSkrzypek Edisease pathwayPW:0000013Pathway Ontology