This pathway is inspired by the Lipidmaps>Sterol lipids expended pathway display [https://lipidmaps.org/pathway/pathways_maps] and extended with Scheme 1 from Acimovic et al (2013 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23558541]).
Literature suggests that cholesterol synthesis preferentially starts with the Bloch pathway, however there is a shift to the Kandutsch-Russell part via lathosterol (Bae et al, 1997[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9291139]).
Dashed lines indicate that multiple steps are involved to create the final product. Several regulatory effects concerning the metabolites of cholesterol have been indicated as well.
The content from the Bloch and Kandutsch-Russel pathways have been checked against literature, and differences compared to the original LipidMaps pathway have been coloured turquoise.
c4eee1a86Assuming this is omega 7-typeAssuming this is omega-7 typeaka 24-dehydrolathosterolAnnotated while assuming this compound is actually presqualene-diphosphateAssuming this is omega-7 typeAka C18:1 (omega 9)C12CC[C@@]3([H])C(C)(COOH)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]3(C)C=1CC[C@]1(C)[C@@]([H])([C@@](C)([H])CC/CC(\C)/C)CC[C]21HC12CC[C@@]3([H])C(C)(C)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]3(C)C=1CC[C@]1(C)[C@@]([H])([C@@](C)([H])CC/CC(\C)/C)CC=[C@@]21CC12CC[C@@]3([H])C(C)(COOH)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]3(C)C=1CC[C@]1(C)[C@@]([H])([C@@](C)([H])CC/C=C(\C)/C)CC[C]21HC12CC[C@@]3([H])C(C)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]3(C)C=1CC[C@]1(C)[C@@]([H])([C@@](C)([H])CC/C=C(\C)/C)CC[C]21Hee1ee1EC:1.14.18.9a86EC:2.5.1.10EC:4.1.1.33EC:1.14.14.154a86EC:1.14.18.9a86EC:1.14.18.9 a86EC:2.7.4.2EC:1.14.14.154EC:2.5.1.103EC:1.1.1.270a86 EC:2.5.1.1EC:1.14.14.154EC:1.14.18.9 EC:1.14.14.1EC:1.1.1.34EC:1.14.18.9 a86Desmosterol significantly increases protein levels of Nr1h3 (see ref. for more details)f3dEC:1.14.14.23EC:1.14.14.17EC:1.14.14.17EC:1.14.18.9 a86EC:1.1.1.270EC:1.14.14.25EC:2.3.3.10EC:1.3.1.21EC:5.3.3.5ee1EC:5.3.3.2EC:1.1.1.170a86EC:1.1.1.170a86EC:1.1.1.270EC:2.5.1.10EC:1.14.18.9 a86EC:1.14.18.9a86EC:1.14.14.154a86EC:1.1.1.170EC:1.14.18.9EC:2.3.1.9EC:1.14.18.9a86EC:1.14.18.9a86EC:1.14.14.154a86EC:1.3.1.70EC:1.14.18.9 a86EC:5.4.99.7EC:2.7.1.36EC:1.3.1.72ee1EC:1.14.99.38From the LipidMaps drawing, it is unclear if only Nr1h3 influences Srebf1, or the group Nr1h2/3 does this.EC:1.3.1.21ee1ee1EC:1.14.14.154EC:2.3.1.26EC:1.3.1.72 ee1a2aEC:2.3.3.10 EC:2.5.1.1EC:1.14.18.9 ee1EC:5.3.3.5EC:1.14.18.9a86EC:2.5.1.103EC:1.1.1.270ee1EC:1.1.1.170ee1EC:1.14.18.9ee1EC:1.3.1.70ee1EC:1.14.14.154ee1ee1ee1EC:1.1.1.170ee1EC:1.14.18.9 ee1EC:1.14.14.154ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1ee1lipid signaling pathwayPW:0000959Pathway Ontologycholesterol biosynthetic pathwayPW:0000454Pathway Ontologycholesterol metabolic pathwayPW:0001304Pathway Ontology20923771PubMedA mouse macrophage lipidome.J Biol Chem2010Dennis EADeems RAHarkewicz RQuehenberger OBrown HAMilne SBMyers DSGlass CKHardiman GReichart DMerrill AH JrSullards MCWang EMurphy RCRaetz CRGarrett TAGuan ZRyan ACRussell DWMcDonald JGThompson BMShaw WASud MZhao YGupta SMaurya MRFahy ESubramaniam S23583456PubMedA comprehensive machine-readable view of the mammalian cholesterol biosynthesis pathway.Biochem Pharmacol2013Mazein AWatterson SHsieh WYGriffiths WJGhazal P23558541PubMedSteroidal triterpenes of cholesterol synthesis.Molecules2013Ačimovič JRozman D22156476PubMedLiver x receptor modulation of gene expression leading to proluteolytic effects in primate luteal cells.Biol Reprod2012Bogan RLDebarber AEHennebold JD9291139PubMedCholesterol biosynthesis from lanosterol: development of a novel assay method and characterization of rat liver microsomal lanosterol delta 24-reductase.Biochem J1997Bae SHPaik YK