--- name: x-article-publisher description: | Publish Markdown articles to X (Twitter) Articles editor with proper formatting. Use when user wants to publish a Markdown file/URL to X Articles, or mentions "publish to X", "post article to Twitter", "X article", or wants help with X Premium article publishing. Handles cover image upload and converts Markdown to rich text automatically. --- # X Article Publisher Publish Markdown content to X (Twitter) Articles editor, preserving formatting with rich text conversion. ## Prerequisites - Playwright MCP for browser automation - User logged into X with Premium Plus subscription - Python 3.9+ with dependencies: - macOS: `pip install Pillow pyobjc-framework-Cocoa` - Windows: `pip install Pillow pywin32 clip-util` - For Mermaid diagrams: `npm install -g @mermaid-js/mermaid-cli` ## Scripts Located in `~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/`: ### parse_markdown.py Parse Markdown and extract structured data: ```bash python parse_markdown.py [--output json|html] [--html-only] ``` Returns JSON with: title, cover_image, content_images, **dividers** (with block_index for positioning), html, total_blocks ### copy_to_clipboard.py Copy image or HTML to system clipboard (cross-platform): ```bash # Copy image (with optional compression) python copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/image.jpg [--quality 80] # Copy HTML for rich text paste python copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /path/to/content.html ``` ### table_to_image.py Convert Markdown table to PNG image: ```bash python table_to_image.py [--scale 2] ``` Use when X Articles doesn't support native table rendering or for consistent styling. ## Pre-Processing (Optional) Before publishing, scan the Markdown for elements that need conversion: ### Tables → PNG ```bash # Extract table to temp file, then convert python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/table_to_image.py /tmp/table.md /tmp/table.png # Replace table in markdown with: ![Table](/tmp/table.png) ``` ### Mermaid Diagrams → PNG ```bash # Extract mermaid block to .mmd file, then convert mmdc -i /tmp/diagram.mmd -o /tmp/diagram.png -b white -s 2 # Replace mermaid block with: ![Diagram](/tmp/diagram.png) ``` ### Dividers (---) Dividers are automatically detected by `parse_markdown.py` and output in the `dividers` array. They must be inserted via X Articles' **Insert > Divider** menu (HTML `
` tags are ignored by X). ## Workflow **Strategy: "先文后图后分割线" (Text First, Images Second, Dividers Last)** For articles with images and dividers, paste ALL text content first, then insert images and dividers at correct positions using block index. 1. **(Optional)** Pre-process: Convert tables/mermaid to images 2. Parse Markdown with Python script → get title, images, **dividers** with block_index, HTML 3. Navigate to X Articles editor 4. Upload cover image (first image) 5. Fill title 6. Copy HTML to clipboard (Python) → Paste with Cmd+V 7. Insert content images at positions specified by block_index 8. **Insert dividers at positions specified by block_index** (via Insert > Divider menu) 9. Save as draft (NEVER auto-publish) ## 高效执行原则 (Efficiency Guidelines) **目标**: 最小化操作之间的等待时间,实现流畅的自动化体验。 ### 1. 避免不必要的 browser_snapshot 大多数浏览器操作(click, type, press_key 等)都会在返回结果中包含页面状态。**不要**在每次操作后单独调用 `browser_snapshot`,直接使用操作返回的页面状态即可。 ``` ❌ 错误做法: browser_click → browser_snapshot → 分析 → browser_click → browser_snapshot → ... ✅ 正确做法: browser_click → 从返回结果中获取页面状态 → browser_click → ... ``` ### 2. 避免不必要的 browser_wait_for 只在以下情况使用 `browser_wait_for`: - 等待图片上传完成(`textGone="正在上传媒体"`) - 等待页面初始加载(极少数情况) **不要**使用 `browser_wait_for` 来等待按钮或输入框出现 - 它们在页面加载完成后立即可用。 ### 3. 并行执行独立操作 当两个操作没有依赖关系时,可以在同一个消息中并行调用多个工具: ``` ✅ 可以并行: - 填写标题 (browser_type) + 复制HTML到剪贴板 (Bash) - 解析Markdown生成JSON + 生成HTML文件 ❌ 不能并行(有依赖): - 必须先点击create才能上传封面图 - 必须先粘贴内容才能插入图片 ``` ### 4. 连续执行浏览器操作 每个浏览器操作返回的页面状态包含所有需要的元素引用。直接使用这些引用进行下一步操作: ``` # 理想流程(每步直接执行,不额外等待): browser_navigate → 从返回状态找create按钮 → browser_click(create) → 从返回状态找上传按钮 → browser_click(上传) → browser_file_upload → 从返回状态找应用按钮 → browser_click(应用) → 从返回状态找标题框 → browser_type(标题) → 点击编辑器 → browser_press_key(Meta+v) → ... ``` ### 5. 准备工作前置 在开始浏览器操作之前,先完成所有准备工作: 1. 解析 Markdown 获取 JSON 数据 2. 生成 HTML 文件到 /tmp/ 3. 记录 title、cover_image、content_images 等信息 这样浏览器操作阶段可以连续执行,不需要中途停下来处理数据。 ## Step 1: Parse Markdown (Python) Use `parse_markdown.py` to extract all structured data: ```bash python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md ``` Output JSON: ```json { "title": "Article Title", "cover_image": "/path/to/first-image.jpg", "cover_exists": true, "content_images": [ {"path": "/path/to/img2.jpg", "original_path": "/md/dir/assets/img2.jpg", "exists": true, "block_index": 5, "after_text": "context..."}, {"path": "/path/to/img3.jpg", "original_path": "/md/dir/assets/img3.jpg", "exists": true, "block_index": 12, "after_text": "another..."} ], "html": "

Content...

Section

...", "total_blocks": 45, "missing_images": 0 } ``` **Key fields:** - `block_index`: The image should be inserted AFTER block element at this index (0-indexed) - `total_blocks`: Total number of block elements in the HTML - `after_text`: Kept for reference/debugging only, NOT for positioning - `exists`: Whether the image file was found (if false, upload will fail) - `original_path`: The path resolved from Markdown (before auto-search) - `path`: The actual path to use (may differ from original_path if auto-searched) - `missing_images`: Count of images not found anywhere Save HTML to temp file for clipboard: ```bash python parse_markdown.py article.md --html-only > /tmp/article_html.html ``` ## Step 2: Open X Articles Editor ### 浏览器错误处理 如果遇到 `Error: Browser is already in use` 错误: ``` # 方案1:先关闭浏览器再重新打开 browser_close browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles # 方案2:如果 browser_close 无效(锁定),提示用户手动关闭 Chrome # 方案3:使用已有标签页,直接导航 browser_tabs action=list # 查看现有标签 browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles # 在当前标签导航 ``` **最佳实践**:每次开始前先用 `browser_tabs action=list` 检查状态,避免创建多余空白标签。 ### 导航到编辑器 ``` browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles ``` **重要**: 页面加载后会显示草稿列表,不是编辑器。需要: 1. **等待页面加载完成**: 使用 `browser_snapshot` 检查页面状态 2. **立即点击 "create" 按钮**: 不要等待 "添加标题" 等编辑器元素,它们只有点击 create 后才出现 3. **等待编辑器加载**: 点击 create 后,等待编辑器元素出现 ``` # 1. 导航到页面 browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles # 2. 获取页面快照,找到 create 按钮 browser_snapshot # 3. 点击 create 按钮(通常 ref 类似 "create" 或带有 create 标签) browser_click: element="create button", ref= # 4. 现在编辑器应该打开了,可以继续上传封面图等操作 ``` **注意**: 不要使用 `browser_wait_for text="添加标题"` 来等待页面加载,因为这个文本只有在点击 create 后才出现,会导致超时。 If login needed, prompt user to log in manually. ## Step 3: Upload Cover Image 1. Click "添加照片或视频" button 2. Use browser_file_upload with the cover image path (from JSON output) 3. Verify image uploaded ## Step 4: Fill Title - Find textbox with "添加标题" placeholder - Use browser_type to input title (from JSON output) ## Step 5: Paste Text Content (Python Clipboard) Copy HTML to system clipboard using Python, then paste: ```bash # Copy HTML to clipboard python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /tmp/article_html.html ``` Then in browser: ``` browser_click on editor textbox browser_press_key: Meta+v ``` This preserves all rich text formatting (H2, bold, links, lists). ## Step 6: Insert Content Images (Text Search Positioning) **推荐方法**: 使用 `after_text` 文字搜索定位,比 `block_index` 更直观可靠。 ### 定位原理 每张图片的 `after_text` 字段记录了它前一个段落的末尾文字(最多80字符)。在编辑器中搜索包含该文字的段落,点击后插入图片。 ### 操作步骤 For each content image (from `content_images` array), **按 block_index 从大到小的顺序**: ```bash # 1. Copy image to clipboard (with compression) python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/img.jpg --quality 85 ``` ``` # 2. 在 browser_snapshot 中搜索包含 after_text 的段落 # 找到该段落的 ref # 3. Click the paragraph containing after_text browser_click: element="paragraph with target text", ref= # 4. **关键步骤**: 按 End 键移动光标到行尾 # 这一步非常重要!避免点击到段落中的链接导致位置偏移 browser_press_key: End # 5. Paste image browser_press_key: Meta+v # 6. Wait for upload (only use textGone, no time parameter) browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" ``` ### 为什么需要按 End 键? **问题**: 当段落包含链接时(如 `[链接文字](url)`),点击段落可能会: - 触发链接编辑弹窗 - 将光标定位在链接内部而非段落末尾 **解决方案**: 点击段落后立即按 `End` 键: - 确保光标移动到段落末尾 - 避免链接干扰 - 图片将正确插入在该段落之后 ### 定位策略 在 browser_snapshot 返回的结构中,搜索 `after_text` 的关键词: ```yaml textbox [ref=editor]: generic [ref=p1]: - StaticText: "元旦假期我在家里翻手机相册..." # 如果 after_text 包含这段文字,点击 p1 heading [ref=h1]: - StaticText: "演示" generic [ref=p2]: - StaticText: "这东西到底有多省事儿?" - link [ref=link1]: "Claude Code" # 注意:段落可能包含链接 ... ``` ### 反向插入示例 如果有3张图片,block_index 分别为 5, 12, 27: 1. 先插入 block_index=27 的图片(after_text 搜索 + End + 粘贴) 2. 再插入 block_index=12 的图片 3. 最后插入 block_index=5 的图片 **从大到小插入**可以避免位置偏移问题。 ## Step 6.5: Insert Dividers (Via Menu) **重要**: Markdown 中的 `---` 分割线不能通过 HTML `
` 标签粘贴(X Articles 会忽略它)。必须通过 X Articles 的 Insert 菜单插入。 ### 操作步骤 For each divider (from `dividers` array), in **reverse order of block_index**: ``` # 1. Click the block element at block_index position browser_click on the element at position block_index in the editor # 2. Open Insert menu (Add Media button) browser_click on "Insert" or "添加媒体" button # 3. Click Divider menu item browser_click on "Divider" or "分割线" menuitem # Divider is inserted at cursor position ``` ### 与图片的插入顺序 建议先插入所有图片,再插入所有分割线。两者都按 block_index **从大到小**的顺序: 1. 插入所有图片(从最大 block_index 开始) 2. 插入所有分割线(从最大 block_index 开始) ## Step 7: Save Draft 1. Verify content pasted (check word count indicator) 2. Draft auto-saves, or click Save button if needed 3. Click "预览" to verify formatting 4. Report: "Draft saved. Review and publish manually." ## Critical Rules 1. **NEVER publish** - Only save draft 2. **First image = cover** - Upload first image as cover image 3. **Rich text conversion** - Always convert Markdown to HTML before pasting 4. **Use clipboard API** - Paste via clipboard for proper formatting 5. **Block index positioning** - Use block_index for precise image/divider placement 6. **Reverse order insertion** - Insert images and dividers from highest to lowest block_index 7. **H1 title handling** - H1 is used as title only, not included in body 8. **Dividers via menu** - Markdown `---` must be inserted via Insert > Divider menu (HTML `
` is ignored) ## Supported Formatting | Element | Support | Notes | |---------|---------|-------| | H2 (`##`) | Native | Section headers | | Bold (`**`) | Native | Strong emphasis | | Italic (`*`) | Native | Emphasis | | Links (`[](url)`) | Native | Hyperlinks | | Ordered lists | Native | 1. 2. 3. | | Unordered lists | Native | - bullets | | Blockquotes (`>`) | Native | Quoted text | | Code blocks | Converted | → Blockquotes | | Tables | Converted | → PNG images (use table_to_image.py) | | Mermaid | Converted | → PNG images (use mmdc) | | Dividers (`---`) | Menu insert | → Insert > Divider | ## Example Flow User: "Publish /path/to/article.md to X" ```bash # Step 1: Parse Markdown python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md > /tmp/article.json python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md --html-only > /tmp/article_html.html ``` 2. Navigate to https://x.com/compose/articles 3. Upload cover image (browser_file_upload for cover only) 4. Fill title (from JSON: `title`) 5. Copy & paste HTML: ```bash python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /tmp/article_html.html ``` Then: browser_press_key Meta+v 6. For each content image, **in reverse order of block_index**: ```bash python copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/img.jpg --quality 85 ``` - Click block element at `block_index` position - browser_press_key Meta+v - Wait until upload complete 7. Verify in preview 8. "Draft saved. Please review and publish manually." ## Best Practices ### 为什么用 block_index 而非文字匹配? 1. **精确定位**: 不依赖文字内容,即使多处文字相似也能正确定位 2. **可靠性**: 索引是确定性的,不会因为文字相似而混淆 3. **调试方便**: `after_text` 仍保留用于人工核验 ### 为什么用 Python 而非浏览器内 JavaScript? 1. **本地处理更可靠**: Python 直接操作系统剪贴板,不受浏览器沙盒限制 2. **图片压缩**: 上传前压缩图片 (--quality 85),减少上传时间 3. **代码复用**: 脚本固定不变,无需每次重新编写转换逻辑 4. **调试方便**: 脚本可单独测试,问题易定位 ### 等待策略 **重要发现**: Playwright MCP 的 `browser_wait_for` 实际行为是 **先等待 time 秒,再检查条件**,而非轮询! ```javascript // 实际执行的代码: await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, time * 1000)); // 先固定等待 await page.getByText("xxx").waitFor({ state: 'hidden' }); // 再检查 ``` **正确用法**: - ✅ 只用 `textGone`,不设 `time`:让 Playwright 自己轮询等待 - ✅ 只用 `time`:固定等待指定秒数 - ❌ 同时用 `textGone` + `time`:会先等 time 秒再检查,浪费时间 ``` # 推荐:只用 textGone,让它自动等待条件满足 browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" # 或者:用 browser_snapshot 轮询检查状态 # 每次操作后检查返回的页面状态,无需额外等待 ``` ### 图片插入效率 每张图片的浏览器操作从5步减少到2步: - 旧: 点击 → 添加媒体 → 媒体 → 添加照片 → file_upload - 新: 点击段落 → Meta+v ### 封面图 vs 内容图 - **封面图**: 使用 browser_file_upload(因为有专门的上传按钮) - **内容图**: 使用 Python 剪贴板 + 粘贴(更高效) ## 故障排除 ### MCP 连接问题 如果 Playwright MCP 工具不可用(报错 `No such tool available` 或 `Not connected`): **方案1:重新连接 MCP(推荐)** ``` 执行 /mcp 命令,选择 playwright,选择 Restart ``` **方案2:清理残留进程后重连** ```bash # 杀掉所有残留的 playwright 进程 pkill -f "mcp-server-playwright" pkill -f "@playwright/mcp" # 然后执行 /mcp 重新连接 ``` **配置文件位置**: `~/.claude/mcp_servers.json` ### 浏览器错误处理 如果遇到 `Error: Browser is already in use` 错误: ```bash # 方案1:先关闭浏览器再重新打开 browser_close browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles # 方案2:杀掉 Chrome 进程 pkill -f "Chrome.*--remote-debugging" # 然后重新 navigate ``` ### 图片位置偏移 如果图片插入位置不正确(特别是点击含链接的段落时): **原因**: 点击段落时可能误触链接,导致光标位置错误 **解决方案**: 点击后**必须按 End 键**移动光标到行尾 ``` # 正确流程 1. browser_click 点击目标段落 2. browser_press_key: End # 关键步骤! 3. browser_press_key: Meta+v # 粘贴图片 4. browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" ``` ### 图片路径找不到 如果 Markdown 中的相对路径图片找不到(如 `./assets/image.png` 实际在其他位置): **自动搜索**: `parse_markdown.py` 会自动在以下目录搜索同名文件: - `~/Downloads` - `~/Desktop` - `~/Pictures` **stderr 输出示例**: ``` [parse_markdown] Image not found at '/path/to/assets/img.png', using '/Users/xxx/Downloads/img.png' instead ``` **JSON 字段说明**: - `original_path`: Markdown 中指定的路径(解析后的绝对路径) - `path`: 实际使用的路径(如果自动搜索成功,会不同于 original_path) - `exists`: `true` 表示找到文件,`false` 表示未找到(上传会失败) **如果仍然找不到**: 1. 检查 JSON 输出中的 `missing_images` 字段 2. 手动将图片复制到 Markdown 文件同目录的 `assets/` 子目录 3. 或修改 Markdown 中的图片路径为绝对路径