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MySQL implements a subset of the SQL with Geometry Types environment proposed by OGC. This term refers to an SQL environment that has been extended with a set of geometry types. A geometry-valued SQL column is implemented as a column that has a geometry type. The specification describe a set of SQL geometry types, as well as functions on those types to create and analyze geometry values.
SpatiaLite is an SQLite database engine with spatial functions added.
SQLite is a popular DBMS, simple, robust, easy to use and really lightweight. Each SQLite database is simply a file; you can freely copy it, compress it, send it on a LAN or WEB with no complication at all.
License:MPL-1.1 and GPL-3.0
The project description quoted above is licensed by OSGeo under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License。
pgRouting extends the PostGIS / PostgreSQL geospatial database to provide geospatial routing functionality.
Advantages of the database routing approach are:
License: GPL-2.0
Rasdaman extends standard relational databases to provide storage and retrieval of multi-dimensional raster data (i.e., arrays) of unlimited size using an SQL-style raster query language with highly effective server-side optimization. Data are stored in a PostgreSQL database, thereby achieving tight information integration. A rasdaman driver is a part of the GDAL (Geospatial Data Abstraction Library) library for geospatial data formats, a MapServer integration is available in beta. Access interfaces include OGC WCS, WCPS, and WPS, as well as C++ and Java APIs in addition to the rasdaman raster query language.
The rasdaman technology is stable and mature, deployed in production since over 10 years; the French National Geographic Institute runs rasdaman on a dozen-Terabyte airborne image map. At the ACM Principles of Database Systems Conference in 2007, raster database expert Rona Machlin characterizes rasdaman as “the most comprehensive implementation of such a system”.
Licence:
LGPL-3.0
GPL-3.0
The project description quoted above is licensed by OSGeo under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License。
Hibernate Spatial is a generic extension to Hibernate for handling geographic data. Hibernate Spatial is open source and licensed under the LGPL license. Hibernate Spatial allows you to deal with geographic data in a standardized way. It abstracts away from the specific way your database supports geographic data, and provides a standardized, cross-database interface to geographic data storage and query functions.
License:LGPL