How Do Our Campbells, Hazletts, Luggs & Blackwells Interconnect?

There are many intermarriages throughout the generations, but here are the early connections. There's lots of overlap in the family trees. Below are selected parts of the trees: first from the CAMPBELLs' viewpoint; then from the LUGG perspective; BLACKWELLs' next; then from the HAZLETT perspective. For simplicity, only the children that "interconnect" are shown. "Sr." and "Jr." were not usually used as part of the names below, but are added to help distinguish father from son, where both have the same name.

[Note the longevity of many of these folks. Infant and child mortality was high, but for those who reached adulthood, a surprising percent lived to "ripe old age".]

CAMPBELL VIEW.
Unknown Campbell
    sp. unknown
|- Joseph Campbell "Sr." (b. 1748 d. 1824)
|-   sp. Mary Harper (b. 1749 d. 1844)
|--  | Sarah Campbell (b. 1777 d. 1860)
|--  |   sp. Samuel HAZLETT (b. 1780 d. 1840)
|--  |  Mary Campbell (b. 1779 d. 1824)
|--  |   sp. John HAZLETT (b. 1783 in N. Ireland d. 1869 in Pittsburgh, PA)
|--  | (additional children omitted)
|--  |  Jane Campbell (b. 1792 d. 1832)
|--  |    sp. John HAZLETT (b. abt. 1787 d. 1840 in Nelson, PA)
|--  | Joseph Campbell "Jr." (b. 1793 d. 1864)
|--  |    sp. Ann Clinch (b. 1804 d. 1872)
|--  | James Campbell (b. 1798 d. 1865)
|--  |    sp. Mary BLACKWELL (b. 1806 d. 1863)
|- John Campbell (b. 1761 d. 1865)
|- sp. Sarah LUGG (b. abt. 1777 d. 1867)

We haven't been able to trace our Campbells farther back than Joseph Campbell, born 1748 in Scotland, died 1822 in Nelson, Tioga Co., PA and his brother, John Campbell, born Apr 3, 1761 in Scotland, died Mar 20, 1855, in Nelson. We do not know where in Scotland they were born, nor where in Scotland Mary Harper was born.

John Campbell (b. 1761) was the apparently first of the family to come to America, probably in 1776. He worked as a tailor in Philadelphia and later as a land agent. Next to come were some of Joseph's older children. They initially settled in Lancaster Co., PA. We don't know exactly when they arrived, but Sam and Sally Campbell Hazlett's first child, Archibald, was born in Lancaster Co. in 1803. Joseph Campbell, wife Mary Harper, and their younger children lived in N. Ireland for about 10 years before sailing from Londonderry to Perth Amboy, NJ in 1810.

John Campbell married a widow, Sarah LUGG Clinch Blackwell in 1818. Sarah Lugg was born in Bisley, Gloucestershire, abt. 1777. Sarah first married Thomas Clinch and had a daughter, Ann Clinch, b. 1804 in Avening, Gloucestershire. In 1804 Sarah, Thomas and infant Ann sailed from Bristol to Philadelphia. On board was a widower, Enoch Blackwell (also from Avening, born there about 1764) his children, and several of his siblings. In 1805, Thomas Clinch died in NYC of yellow fever. Soon after, Sarah and Enoch married. According to Ann's daughter Jane CAMPBELL Tubbs (1834 - 1916), Ann was given to Enoch's brother Peter Blackwell and raised near New Hope, PA. But the late Stella MAUGERI Blackwell, a Blackwell family researcher, believed Ann was raised by brother Joshua Blackwell, not Peter.

Sarah and Enoch lived in Lycoming Co., PA, where their two children were born: Mary Blackwell in 1806, and Enoch in 1814. Enoch "Sr." died in 1816. After Sarah married John Campbell in 1818 and John, Sarah, Mary, and Enoch "Jr." lived in Nelson. In 1821 Sarah decided two of John's nephews would make good husbands for her daughters. She wrote to Ann Clinch, inviting her to come to Nelson to marry Joseph Campbell "Jr." Daughter Mary Blackwell married James Campbell. The two sets of siblings married a week apart in 1822.

LUGG VIEW.
Robert Lugg (b. 1750 d. 1831)
    sp. Ann Ely (b. 1754)
|- Sarah Lugg, (b. abt. 1777 d. 1867)
|-    sp. 1 Thomas Clinch (d. 1805)
|--   | Ann Clinch (b. 1804 d. 1872)
|--   |  sp. Joseph Campbell "Jr." (b. 1793 d. 1864)
|-    sp. 2 Enoch BLACKWELL "Sr." (b. abt 1764 d. 1816)
 |--   |Mary BLACKWELL (b. 1806 d. 1863)
 |--   |  sp. James CAMPBELL (b. 1798 d. 1865)
 |--   | Enoch BLACKWELL "Jr." (b. 1814 d. 1884)
|--   |    sp. Mary Holly Knapp (b. 1813 d. 1865)
|--   |    sp. Caroline LUGGCaroline Power (b. 1825 d. 1905)
|-    sp. 3 John Campbell (b. 1761 d. 1855) [uncle of Joseph and James]
|- Charles Byron Lugg (b. 1791 d. 1874)
|-    sp. Mary Ann Chandler (b. 1797 d. 1873)
|--   |Caroline Lugg (b. 1843 d. 1868)
|--   |  sp. Enoch BLACKWELL "Jr." (b. 1814 d. 1884) [1st cousin]
Both Sarah Lugg, mentioned above, and later her brother, Charles Byron Lugg, b. 1791 in Bisley, came to America. She was the eldest, and he the 6th, of Robert and Mary Ann Lugg's 7 children. Sarah Lugg's 3rd husband was John Campbell. Sarah's daughters (Ann Clinch and Mary Blackwell) married John's nephews Joseph and James Campbell. Sarah's son, Enoch Blackwell "Jr." married three times. His second wife was his first cousin, Caroline Lugg. Caroline was the mother of his only child, Enoch Charles Blackwell, b. 1867. Enoch Blackwell "Jr." was the heir of his step-father, John Campbell. We have several generations of Robert Lugg's ancestry.

BLACKWELL VIEW.
The elder Enoch Blackwell's tree is embedded in the LUGG tree above, except for his first marriage. Enoch Blackwell, b. abt. 1764 in Avening, Gloucestershire first married Hannah Perrine, who died in Gloucestershire before he emigrated. They had 7 children, at least 5 of whom came to America with Enoch. Enoch was from a family of 10 children. At least 3 of his siblings came to America: Thomas, Joshua, and Peter. We have several generations of Enoch's ancestry. Enoch "Sr." was Sarah Lugg's 2nd husband, and had two children by her: Mary Blackwell (who married James Campbell) and Enoch Blackwell, who married 3 times.

 HAZLETT VIEW.
Robert Hazlett
    sp. unknown
|- Samuel Hazlett (b. 1780 d. 1840)
|-   sp. Sarah Campbell (b. 1777 d. 1860)
 |-  John Hazlett (b. abt. 1787 d. 1840 in Nelson, PA)
|-    sp. Jane CAMPBELL (b. 1792 d. 1832)

and

Unknown Hazlett
    sp. unknown
|-  John Hazlett (b. 1783 in N. Ireland d. 1869 in Pittsburgh, PA)
|-    sp. Mary CAMPBELL (b. 1779 d. 1824)


Three of Joseph and Mary Harper daughters married Hazletts. Sisters Sarah (Sally), b. 1777, and Jane, b. 1792 married brothers Samuel, b. 1780, and John, b. abt. 1787, both in Scotland. We know their father's name, and two of their siblings, but do not know their birthplace. Mary Campbell, b. 1779, never came to Nelson. She too married a John Hazlett, but in Lancaster, PA. He was born 1783 in County Down, Ireland. As far as we know, he was not related to the other Hazletts. The children of John and Mary moved to Allegheny Co., PA to be with the families of Mary's brother, John Campbell, b. 1781. Sam Hazlett's mother, his sister Mary, and his brother, Archibald also settled in Allegheny Co., PA. We have not been able to trace back beyond Robert Hazlett. Or even identify which of the many Robert Hazletts he is.

HISTORY'S MYSTERIES.
The story of Sarah Lugg and Ann Clinch has always intrigued me.

Tune in tomorrow ... Oops, we can't do that. Unless someone invents a time machine, we'll never know. But over the years I've speculated about possible answers.

Everyone can form their own theories and never be proved wrong.

GIVING UP ANN. Several theories have occurred to me. It's not very kind to Enoch Blackwell, but we could suspect that he was jealous of the attention Sarah gave to Ann. Or that he was jealous of Thomas Clinch, and didn't want Ann around as a reminder. It's more charitable, and I think more likely, that it had to do with where Enoch and Sarah were going. Enoch, his children by his 1st wife, and some of his siblings, came to America as part of The Blackwells, and several other families pooled money and sent representatives to Philadelphia a year before the main party's arrival. They thought they were getting more than 110,000 acres of land in Lycoming Co., PA at bargain prices, on which they could farm and support themselves. They apparently bought it sight unseen -- as the Campbells and Hazletts also did with Beecher's Island. What they got, was hills, covered with virgin forest and a thin layer of hardscrabble soil. They built two villages, but the land was hard to farm and the communities failed. See: The English Settlement. At the time Enoch and Sarah married, few cabins would have been built. It may have been that Ann was a sickly child and they were concerned that she would not survive such a difficult journey. Or that because Lycoming Co.'s Pine Twp. still had wolves and cougars and bears (Oh my!) was not a safe place for a young child. But we do not know for sure where Peter (or Joshua) were living at that time, so none of those hypotheses may fit the facts. Or, it could be that Enoch's brother and sister-in-law desperately wanted a child and had grown fond of Ann during the sea voyage. We'll never know.

But Enoch may have had the last laugh about the "worthless farm land" of the English settlement. The timber that covered it was valuable. Enoch became a wealthy lumber man, with extensive property holdings. Every spring he would float rafts of logs down Pine Creek to sell them in Williamsport --- or continue on down the Susquehanna to Harrisburg. Pine Creek may have had the last word, in 1816 he fell into the cold, springtime waters of the creek trying to break up a log jam, got pneumonia, and died --- probably leaving Sarah a wealthy widow.

WAS THERE CONTACT BETWEEN SARAH AND ANN? There is no evidence of their seeing each other or writing --- until Sarah wrote asking Ann to come to Beecher's Island and marry Joseph Campbell. But many readers will find it comforting that if she wrote once, Sarah and Ann may have written many letters over the years.

WHY MATCHMAKE JOSEPH & ANN? The thinly settled Cowanesque Valley of 1822 was a very different world from what we know today. Parents had a major role in who their children, especial their daughters, married. Economics played a huge role in marriage then. Young men became farmers and needed wives to cook, spin, weave, and provide children to operate the farm. Single women had few ways of supporting themselves. A few could become school teachers and receive room and board with a student's family, a small salary that allowed her to cloth herself -- but she could afford little beyond necessities. The pool of potential marriage partners for young people in Beecher's Island in 1822 was very limited. major role in marriage. Young men were to be farmers, and needed a wife and children to operate a farm. It's very possible that Mary Blackwell and James Campbell fell in love and wanted to marry. Or that their parents decided for them.

But in the 1800s, custom dictated that younger sisters shouldn't marry before their older sisters. Thus Ann would have to be "married off" before her half-sister Mary could marry. In the New Hope/Lambertville area, Ann may have had competition from lots of other eligible girls. And right in front of Sarah was her eligible, hard working, God fearing, nephew, Joseph --- who had few eligible women to choose from and was 28, well beyond the usual age then for marrying. Ann's wedding took place one week before Mary's.

JOSEPH'S AND FOSTER PARENTS FEELINGS. Some have suggested that Sarah's arrangement with her brother-in-law Peter (Joshua?) to raise Ann may have been made with the clear understanding that Ann would rejoin Sarah when grown. If not, and if the Blackwell's loved her as a daughter, they may still have anticipated that there was a good chance she would move away when she married and they might not ever see her again. Or they may have been glad to have one less mouth to feed. We'll never know.

As for Joseph, he made out well and may have been as content as he was capable of being. We know from surviving documents that Ann was a capable and industrious farm wife. He may not have admitted to valuing such worldly factors as comeliness over piety, and we don't know what she looked like as a girl. But at middle age she was certainly not unattractive. They had 12 children (and James and Mary had 12 or 13), which may indicate the matches were satisfactory.

[11/28/2011 rev. 12/22/2001 - wbt]


Copyright 2011 by Wm. Thompson. Commercial use prohibited.

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