Debian Family(Ubuntu) Handbook
版权 © 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 Netkiller(Neo Chan). All rights reserved.
版权声明
转载请与作者联系，转载时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。
|
|
|
微信扫描二维码进入 Netkiller 微信订阅号 QQ群：128659835 请注明“读者” |
内容摘要
![[注意]](/graphics/note.png) | 对初学Linux的爱好者忠告 |
|---|---|
|
玩Linux最忌reboot（重新启动）这是windows玩家坏习惯 Linux只要接上电源你就不要再想用reboot,shutdown,halt,poweroff命令,Linux系统和应用软件一般备有reload,reconfigure,restart/start/stop...不需要安装软件或配置服务器后使用reboot重新引导计算机 在Linux系统里SIGHUP信号被定义为刷新配置文件,有些程序没有提供reload参数,你可以给进程发送HUP信号,让它刷新配置文件,而不用restart.通过pkill,killall,kill 都可以发送HUP信号例如: pkill -HUP httpd |
![[提示]](/graphics/tip.png) | 对Linux高级玩家的忠告 |
|---|---|
|
其实升级Linux内核也无需reboot（重新启动）目前Linux已经具被改特性，这之前只有小型机才有的特性 |
我的系列文档
编程语言
操作系统
数据库
| Netkiller Database 手札 | Netkiller PostgreSQL 手札 | Netkiller MySQL 手札 | Netkiller NoSQL 手札 | Netkiller LDAP 手札 |
网络设备及其他
| Netkiller Network 手札 | Netkiller Cisco IOS 手札 | Netkiller H3C 手札 | Netkiller Amateur Radio 手札 |
您可以使用iBook阅读当前文档
目录
- 1. 自述
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Kernel
- 3. Package Management
- 3.1. apt-cache
- 3.2. Apt-Get
- 3.3. aptitude
- 3.4. Automatic Updates
- 3.5. dpkg
- 3.6. Upgrading
- 3.7. 制作.deb安装包
- 4. Device information
- 4.1. dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer
- 4.2. smartctl - Control and Monitor Utility for SMART Disks
- 4.3. lspci - list all PCI devices
- 4.4. lshw - list hardware
- 4.5. hwinfo - Hardware Information
- 4.6. dmidecode - DMI table decoder
- 4.7. ethtool - Display or change ethernet card settings
- 4.8. usb device
- 4.9. lsscsi - list SCSI devices (or hosts) and their attributes
- 4.10. HBA
- 4.11. lsblk - list block devices
- 4.12. kudzu - detects and configures new and/or changed hardware on a system
- 5. udev - Linux dynamic device management
- 6. Kernel modules
- 7. Locale
- 8. console / terminal
- 9. Harddisk
- 10. Removable Storage
- 11. File System
- 12. Networking
- 13. Logging
- 14. Service
- 14.1. update-rc.d - install and remove System-V style init script links
- 14.2. invoke-rc.d - executes System-V style init script actions
- 14.3. runlevel
- 14.4. sysv-rc-conf
- 14.5. xinetd - replacement for inetd with many enhancements
- 14.6. Scheduled Tasks
- 14.7. sv - control and manage services monitored by runsv
- 15. Process
- 16. Permission
- 17. /etc
- 18. Bash Shell
- 18.1. bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell
- 18.2. Introduction
- 18.3. variable
- 18.4. conditions if and case
- 18.5. Loops for, while and until
- 18.6. Functions
- 18.7. User interfaces
- 18.8. Example
- 19. Z Shell
- 20. Shell command
- 20.1. Help Commands
- 20.2. getconf - Query system configuration variables
- 20.3. Directory and File System Related
- 20.3.1. dirname
- 20.3.2. filename
- 20.3.3. test - check file types and compare values
- 20.3.4. stat
- 20.3.5. mkdir - make directories
- 20.3.6. rename
- 20.3.7. touch
- 20.3.8. ls - list directory contents
- 20.3.9. cp - copy files and directories
- 20.3.10. rm - remove files or directories
- 20.3.11. df - report file system disk space usage
- 20.3.12. du - estimate file space usage
- 20.3.13. tac - concatenate and print files in reverse
- 20.3.14. split - split a file into pieces
- 20.3.15. find - search for files in a directory hierarchy
- 20.4. package / compress and decompress
- 20.4.1. tar — The GNU version of the tar archiving utility
- 20.4.1.1. tar examples
- 20.4.1.2. gunzip
- 20.4.1.3. b2zip
- 20.4.1.4. compress
- 20.4.1.5. -t, --list
- 20.4.1.6. tar: Removing leading `/’ from member names
- 20.4.1.7. -C, --directory=DIR
- 20.4.1.8. -P, --absolute-names don't strip leading `/'s from file names
- 20.4.1.9. --exclude
- 20.4.1.10. -T
- 20.4.1.11. 日期过滤
- 20.4.1.12. 保留权限
- 20.4.1.13. -r, --append
- 20.4.1.14. 远程传输
- 20.4.1.15. 分卷压缩
- 20.4.2. cpio - copy files to and from archives
- 20.4.3. gzip
- 20.4.4. zip, zipcloak, zipnote, zipsplit - package and compress (archive) files
- 20.4.5. RAR
- 20.4.6. 7-Zip
- 20.5. date and time
- 20.6. Numeric
- 20.7. Text Processing
- 20.7.1. iconv - Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
- 20.7.2. 字符串处理命令expr
- 20.7.3. cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output
- 20.7.4. nl - number lines of files
- 20.7.5. od - dump files in octal and other formats
- 20.7.6. tr - translate or delete characters
- 20.7.7. cut - remove sections from each line of files
- 20.7.8. printf - format and print data
- 20.7.9. Free `recode' converts files between various character sets and surfaces.
- 20.7.10. /dev/urandom 随机字符串
- 20.7.11. col - filter reverse line feeds from input
- 20.7.12. apg - generates several random passwords
- 20.7.13. head/tail
- 20.7.14. grep, egrep, fgrep, rgrep - print lines matching a pattern
- 20.7.15. sort - sort lines of text files
- 20.7.16. uniq
- 20.7.17. 行列转换,表格操作
- 20.7.18. 反转字符串或文件内容
- 20.8. Logging
- 20.9. Password
- 20.10. binutils
- 22. Utility Programs
- 22.1. ed, red - text editor
- 22.2. vim
- 22.3. CURL - transfer a URL
- 22.4. awk
- 22.5. sed
- 22.6. expect
- 22.7. expect-lite - quick and easy command line automation tool
- 22.8. sshpass - noninteractive ssh password provider
- 22.9. Klish - Kommand Line Interface Shell (the fork of clish project)
- 22.10. Limited command Shell (lshell)
- 22.11. wget - retrieves files from the web
- 22.12. TUI
- 22.12.1. screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
- 22.12.2. tmux — terminal multiplexer
- 22.12.3. byobu - wrapper script for seeding a user's byobu configuration and launching a text based window manager (either screen or tmux)
- 22.12.4. htop - interactive process viewer
- 22.12.5. elinks
- 22.12.6. chat
- 22.13. parallel - build and execute shell command lines from standard input in parallel
- 23. Shell Terminal
- I. X Window
- 24. install x window
- 25. X Setup
- 26. X Terminal
- 27. Unity
- 28. X Window System
- 29. X Application Software
- 30. Office
- 1. 附录
- 2. 历史记录
表格清单
- 1.1. Linux partition
- 18.1. 文件目录表达式
- 18.2. 字符串表达式
- 18.3. 组合表达式
范例清单
- 9.1. GPT Example
- 9.2. 创建扩展分区
- 12.1. bonding example
- 12.2. 命令行建立WiFi链接步骤
- 18.1. A "Power User" Prompt
- 18.2. A Prompt the Width of Your Term
- 18.3. The Elegant Useless Clock Prompt
- 18.4. Basic conditional example if .. then
- 18.5. Conditionals with variables
- 18.6. case
- 18.7. Functions with parameters sample
- 18.8. Using select to make simple menus
- 18.9. Using the command line
- 18.10. Reading user input with read
- 18.11. read
- 18.12. random password
- 20.1. backup(find + tar)
- 22.1. example for expect
- 22.2. example for expect
- 22.3. example 1
- 22.4. *.exp
- 22.5. parallel - build and execute shell command lines from standard input in parallel
- 23.1. whiptail - yesno
- 23.2. whiptail - inputbox
- 23.3. whiptail - passwordbox
- 23.4. whiptail - passwordbox
- 23.5. whiptail - example 1
- 23.6. whiptail - radiolist