Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are substances composed of two or more compounds mixed together,
characterized by the significant feature of forming a eutectic point at a specific mixing ratio. In
other words, the mixture has the lowest melting point (or freezing point) at this particular ratio.
These solvents exhibit numerous advantages in various fields, such as green chemistry,
electrochemistry, synthetic chemistry, and biochemistry. They are widely used to replace traditional
organic solvents due to their relatively environmentally and health-friendly properties.
Applications of Deep Eutectic Solvents
Protein Engineering and the Remaining Challenges
(1)Enzyme Inhibition: Some DESs can inhibit enzyme activity. DESs may react with substrates and
compete for active sites.
(2)Formation of Byproducts: Certain acid-based DESs can lead to the formation of byproducts, and
high viscosity in the solution may inhibit enzyme activity.
(3)Viscosity Effect: High viscosity in DES solutions can negatively impact enzyme activity.
(4)Component Selection: The choice of DES components and their molar ratios can affect both the
activity and stability of enzymes.
